CN108251738A - The production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory - Google Patents
The production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory Download PDFInfo
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- CN108251738A CN108251738A CN201810093748.9A CN201810093748A CN108251738A CN 108251738 A CN108251738 A CN 108251738A CN 201810093748 A CN201810093748 A CN 201810093748A CN 108251738 A CN108251738 A CN 108251738A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory, is related to auto parts and components manufacture field, includes the following steps：Prepare raw material, raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1, foundry returns and steel scrap are melted to obtain molten liquid；It comes out of the stove into ladle, sequentially adds ferrochrome, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, alloy wire and carburant are then added in into ladle by spheroidising equipment, breed into potting syrup again；Deoxidized aluminium is added in potting syrup, potting syrup is poured into mold, inovulant is added in during cast；Remove air leaving cover and sprue cup after casting complete in 3 5min, then 20 unpack take off part for 24 hours afterwards, knockout processing obtains casting；Casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive chassis fittings, simple for process, convenient material drawing, manufactured product structure intensity height, long lifespan, high yield rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to auto parts and components manufacture field more particularly to the methods for making automobile chassis accessory.
Background technology
Research and development and demonstrating running of China's new-energy automobile by nearly 10 years, have industrialized development basis substantially,
The key technologies such as battery, motor, electronic control and the system integration obtain major progress, pure electric automobile and plug-in hybrid
Automobile starts to launch on a small scale, advanced internal combustion engine, high-efficiency transmission, lightweighting materials, vehicle optimization design and mixing
The power-saving technologies such as power and product are widelyd popularize, and automotive average fuel consumption is substantially reduced；The alternative fuel such as natural gas
Automotive engineering is mature on the whole and tentatively realizes industrialization, forms certain market scale, but on the whole, China's new-energy automobile
Vehicle and part kernel component key technology are not yet broken through, and product cost is high, and social matching system is not perfect, industrialization and city
Fieldization development is restricted；Vehicle energy saving key core technology is not yet grasped completely, fuel economy and international most advanced level phase
Than there is certain gap, energy-saving automobile with small output volumn occupation rate of market is relatively low.
To cope with the fuel oil disparities between supply and demand to become increasingly conspicuous and problem of environmental pollution, World Main Auto producing country accelerates one after another
Deployment using development new-energy automobile as national strategy, accelerates Push Technology research and development and industrialization, while greatly develop and promote
Using automobile energy-saving technology, the energy saving developing direction for having become international automobile industry with new-energy automobile, coming 10 years will welcome
Global Auto industrial transformation upgrading period of important strategic opportunities, at present China's automobile production and marketing scale occupied first place in the world, it is contemplated that
Following one period will sustainable growth, it is necessary to seize the opportunity, promptly dispose, accelerate to cultivate and develop energy saving and new-energy automobile
Industry promotes automobile industry optimization and upgrading, realizes and is changed from auto industry big country to auto industry power.
China's city automobile ownership is very big, particularly the ownership of bus, the super-huge city as Beijing, Shanghai
City, public transport bus is at 20,000 or more, and Beijing has reached 80,000, and national public transport bus adds up 500,000, and quantity is also
Increasing, the annual 28000000 tons of crude oil of fuel consumption of public transit system accounts for more than the 20% of national automobile finished product oil consumption, in addition, combustion
The exhaust emissions of petrol car is the main source of urban air pollution, and the national urban atmospheric pollution there are about 1/5 is serious, 113
In key cities, more than 1/3 urban air-quality is still not up to national grade ii standard.
The New-energy electric vehicle of our national developments at present, mainly low-floor Large Electric car.In west prosperity
Country, low-floor bus is very universal, and in recent years, many big and medium-sized cities in China also begin to greatly develop low-floor Electric Transit
Vehicle, the bus fuel consumption in city is big, if national 500,000 buses will greatly reduce carbon dioxide all using electric vehicle
Discharge capacity, operation cost also can be reduced significantly.Improve urban environment, reduce air pollution.
Development plan is energy saving and new-energy automobile, it is therefore intended that and automotive fuel wastage is reduced, alleviates fuel oil disparities between supply and demand,
Reduce exhaust emissions, improve atmospheric environment, promote the important measure of automobile industry technological progress and optimization and upgrading, accelerate to cultivate and
Develop energy-saving automobile and new-energy automobile, be both effective alleviation energy and environmental pressure, push automobile industry sustainable development
Urgent task is also to speed up automobile industry transition and upgrade, the strategic measure tapped new sources of economic growth with international competitive advantage.
Automobile chassis system is the important component of automobile, passes through vehicle bridge and main reducing gear, differential mechanism and wheel drive
Device forms drive axle, and drive axle is in the end of powertrain, and motor-driven function is that increase is passed by transmission shaft or speed changer
Power, and is reasonably distributed to left and right driving wheel by the torque come, in addition Drive axle housing be load-bearing part important on automobile and
Force transmission element, the axle housing of drive axle not only support vehicle weight, transfer load to wheel, and transmit also subject to by driving wheel
Tractive force, brake force, lateral force, the counter-force of vertical force and the countertorque to come over, and vehicle frame or vehicle body are transmitted to through suspension, in vapour
In vehicle driving process, ever-changing due to road conditions, axle housing is influenced by the shock loading generated between wheel and ground,
Axle housing may be caused to deform or fracture, therefore, driving axle housing should have enough intensity, rigidity and good dynamic characteristic, close
It is the important measures for improving Riding Stability of Automobile, particularly electric bus, electronic engineering truck that reason ground, which manufactures and designs driving axle housing,
It is even more that drive axle is required to have light weight, noise reduction, energy-efficient function to wait new-energy automobiles manufacturing field.
And the application of low-floor vehicle bridge and novel shock absorption device on newly energy automobile can extensively be accepted by the public, greatly
The driver visual field is facilitated, solves the problems, such as that city bus and passenger traffic are easy for going up and down, due to the application on its ultralow chassis, is adapted to left
It puts or direction is put on the right side, it is complete by formation such as brake, air suspension, main reducing gear, differential mechanism, semiaxis, wheel hub and suspensions
Vehicle-bridge system.
Rear axle casing of electric vehicle belongs to vehicle key structure part, and in use, itself can be by various alternating loads
Effect, easily cause structural fatigue crackle, influence vehicle safety and performance, in order to which the vibration for making vehicle frame and vehicle body declines rapidly
Subtract, improve the ride comfort and comfort of electric automobile during traveling, damper is typically equipped in electric vehicle suspension system, at present electricity
Widely used on electrical automobile is two-way function telescopic shock absorber.New-energy automobile as far as possible reduce vehicle net weight in the case of,
Either unloaded or heavy duty after overregulating damping intensity, can all make vehicle keep best damping effect;Preferably protect vehicle
Body extends vehicle service life.
Existing automobile absorber cylinder is mainly carried out by pipe fitting and plate made of seamless welding, due to commissure
Tissue it is very fragile, cause damper short life, danger coefficient high, and processing technology precision prescribed is high, common founder
Skill is easy to cause hot tearing, and crackle shape is having many bends or curves, and fracture very irregular is in shape separated but still in each other's thoughts, and surface is wider, more to inner
Face is narrower, belongs to hot tearing, and mechanism is：Start to condense after molten steel injection cavity, when crystalline framework has been formed and starts linear shrinkage
Due to internal molten steel at this time and is not completed and is frozen into solid-state contraction is made to be obstructed afterwards, and stress or plastic deformation will be generated in casting,
When they are more than the Material Strength limit at these elevated temperatures, casting will crack.
Fire check is under casting is still in intensity and plasticity very low state soon after solidification latter stage or solidification, because casting is consolidated
State contraction be obstructed caused by crackle, fire check germinates in crystal boundary and extended along crystal boundary, and shape thickness is uneven, tortuous without advising
Then, the surface of crackle is in oxidation tint, no metallic luster, steel-casting crack surfaces approximation black, and aluminium alloy is in then dark gray, outside
Crackle naked eyes according to shape and Fracture Characteristics with cold cracking as it can be seen that can distinguish.
Fire check can be divided into external crack and internal fissure again.In cast(ing) surface it can be seen that fire check be known as external crack, outside
Crackle, which is often generated, doubts solid slowly place in the corner of casting, section thickness sharp change in elevation or part, easily generates stress concentration
Place.It is characterized in that the wide internal pinch in surface, in tear shape, fracture can run through entire casting section sometimes, fire check it is another
It is characterized in that crackle is distributed along grain boundary, the position crack shape that internal fissure typically occurs in cast-internal final set is not advised very much
Then, section is often accompanied by dendrite, it is generally the case that internal fissure may not extend to cast(ing) surface.
There are many theoretical reasons and the actual cause for forming fire check, but when basic reason is solidification mode and the solidification of casting
The thermal stress and shrinkage stress of phase casting.
After liquid metals is poured into casting mold, heat scatters and disappears mainly by type wall, so, solidification is always opened from cast(ing) surface
Begin.When solidifying a large amount of dendrite of later stage appearance and being overlapped to form complete skeleton, Solid State Contraction starts to generate.But at this time dendrite it
Between also there are one layer of ot-yet-hardened oceangoing ship liquid metals films（Liquid film）If casting is shunk not by any obstruction, then dendrite bone
Frame can be with free shrink, the effect that does not stress.When dendrite skeleton contraction by sand mold or sand core when obstruction when, it is impossible to freely
Contraction will generate tensile stress.When tensile stress is more than its material strength limit, cracking will be generated between dendrite.If dendrite
The speed that skeleton is opened is very slow, and is opened portion and has enough molten metals to flow into time at drawing crack and supplement, that
Casting will not generate fire check, if supplemented on the contrary, cannot get molten metal at cracking, just will appear fire check.
It follows that the alloy of wide solidification temperature range, paste or the network-like solidification mode of sponge is easiest to generate hot tearing.
With narrowing for solidification temperature range, the hot cracking tendency of alloy becomes smaller, the least easy shape of alloy of the eutectic composition of constant temperature solidification
Into hot tearing, hot tearing is formed in casting solidification period, but is not meant to necessarily lead to hot tearing during casting solidification, depends primarily on casting
Part solidifies the thermal stress and shrinkage stress in period, and the thermal stress in the solid-phase grain skeleton of casting solidification region easily generates casting
Hot tearing or subcutaneous hot tearing；Shrinkage stress caused by external hindering factor is then the essential condition that casting generates hot tearing, in solidification
The casting shell of state, linear shrinkage are hindered by sand core, molding sand, cast(ing) surface with external factor such as mould surface frictional force,
Shrinkage stress is just had in shell（Tensile stress）, the shell that wedge angle is formed at casting thermal center, particularly thermal center is relatively thin, just becomes
The place that shrinkage stress is concentrated, casting are easiest to generate hot tearing in these places.
Fire check Producing reason wherein has in terms of being embodied in technique and casting structure：Casting section thickness is uneven, and interior angle is too
It is small；Overlapping part bifurcated is too many, and casting outline border, floor etc. hinder casting normal contraction；Running and feeding system hinders casting normally to receive
Contracting, such as dead head, sand bond is very high between case band or dead head, limits the free shrink of casting；Riser is too small or too
Greatly；Alloy linear shrinkage ratio is too big；Low melting point phase formation element is exceeded in alloy, and sulphur, phosphorus content are high in cast iron and cast steel；Casting is unpacked
Knockout is too early, and cooling is too fast.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of simple for process, convenient material drawing, manufactured is provided
Product structure intensity height, long lifespan, high yield rate nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory production technology.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of production of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory
Technique includes the following steps：
Step 101, prepare raw material, the raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1,
Foundry returns and steel scrap are melted, obtain molten liquid；
Step 102, molten liquid is warming up to 1680-1700 DEG C, comes out of the stove into ladle after continuing 2-5min, then taken from ladle
Go out molten liquid sample and pour into test block progress chemical composition chemical examination, the content of each element in molten liquid is obtained, successively into ladle
Ferrochrome, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten are added in, alloy wire and carburant are then added in into ladle by spheroidising equipment,
Molten liquid in ladle is bred into ingredient potting syrup up to standard again, wherein potting syrup phosphorus content is 0.28-0.37wt%, contains
Chromium content is 24.0-26.0wt%, nickel content 4.0-6.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.1-0.5wt%, tungstenic amount be 0.1-0.2wt%,
Silicon content is 1.0-1.5 wt %；
Step 103, deoxidized aluminium is added in potting syrup, causes aluminium content that potting syrup is poured into mold for 0.03-0.05wt%
In, inovulant is added in during cast, duration of pouring control is controlled in 50-70s, pouring temperature at 1560-1580 DEG C；
Step 104, it removes to unpack after air leaving cover and sprue cup, then 20-24h in 3-5min after casting complete and takes off part, at knockout
Reason, obtains casting；
Step 105, casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive chassis fittings.
Further, heat treatment includes the following steps：
Casting is placed in heat-treatment furnace by step 1,500 DEG C is heated to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/h, then with 1750
DEG C/heating rate of h is heated to 920 DEG C, keep temperature 2-3h；
Step 2 is cooled to 720 DEG C with the cooling rate of 95 DEG C/h, is taken out after keeping temperature 2-3h, be air-cooled to room temperature.
Further, foundry returns and steel scrap are placed in middle frequency furnace in a step 102 and melted.
Further, the steel scrap phosphorus content be 0.1%-0.12%, the ferrochrome be FeCr60, the ferronickel nickel content >=
99.9%, the molybdenum-iron is FeMo60, and the ferrosilicon is FeSi75, and the ferrotungsten is FeW70.
Further, the alloy wire includes following element：Si, Mg, Re, wherein Si contents 48-49wt%, Mg contents 24-
25wt%, Re content 1.2-1.3wt%.
Further, the inovulant selects silicon iron inoculator.
A kind of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory, each element in nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory
Content it is as follows：Phosphorus content is 0.28-0.37wt%, chrome content 24.0-26.0wt%, nickel content 4.0-6.0wt%, containing molybdenum
Measure as 0.1-0.5wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.1-0.2wt%, silicon content is 1.0-1.5 wt %, aluminum content 0.03-0.05wt%,
Surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Further, the content of each element is as follows in nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory：Phosphorus content is
0.30wt%, chrome content 24.0wt%, nickel content 5.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.5wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.15wt%, silicon content
For 1.0 wt %, aluminum content 0.03-0.04wt%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Further, the content of each element is as follows in nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory：Phosphorus content is
0.35wt%, chrome content 25.0wt%, nickel content 4.8wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.35wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.2wt%, silicon content
For 1.3 wt %, aluminum content 0.04-0.05wt%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Further, the content of each element is as follows in nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory：Phosphorus content is
0.37wt%, chrome content 26.0wt%, nickel content 6.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.1wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.2wt%, silicon content is
1.5 wt %, aluminum content 0.03-0.04wt%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：By reasonably designing raw material proportioning, potting syrup manufacture craft, heat treatment work
Skill, is capable of the generation of effective Crack prevention, while can ensure to obtain the physicochemical property of finished product, improves yield rate.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Following embodiment is to make the specific method of automobile chassis shock absorber cylinder.
In following embodiment, the babinet manufacturing process of mold is as follows：
（1）The sunykatuib analyses such as stamp, technique, solidification, temperature field are carried out using simulation system, determine embodiment, carry out early period
Prepare；
（2）Model：Template, quadrangle tripping in fuse, each fuse are uniformly set out at 20 millimeter three of stomata φ, by nowel core print outlet
φ 20 millimeters of back-up sands in hole are drawn, and typefounding is packed into as required, casting weight：350 kilograms, poured weights：560 kilograms；
（3）Open riser 1：Tilt a φ 175*230 among upper edge（Each 34 kilograms of riser）.Open riser 2：Lower edge in inclination
4-thin neck Y140*15/160*230（Each 53 kilograms of riser）.Note：Y represents waist type riser；
（4）Outlet：Top box upper edge sets fixed bright 60 millimeters of air outlet pipe φ everywhere, and the dark outlet of compact part above sand mold, outlet is away from workpiece
Sand mold thickness be more than 20 millimeters；Nowel：Each grid has, and sand mold thickness of all outlets away from workpiece is more than 45 millimeters；
（5）Inclination casting bed is done, thickness is more than 60 millimeters, and 50 millimeters of gradient, typefounding end is low level；
（6）Running gate system：Directly：60/ height of φ is 150 millimeters higher than riser（Underlay brick bat）, it is horizontal：50*55, it is interior：60*30 is everywhere
（Down gate is avoided at centre one）Examination for the first time fastens case, and mould assembling face is not required to play full case cream.Mouth is squeezed in lift inspection, gnaws the position of core
Polishing amendment is carried out, determines that sand mold is errorless, mould assembling locking after the gluing mud of mould assembling face.
Molding sand is made using swage precoated sand：Precoated sand granularity is selected as 70~140 mesh accountings 50~60%, granularity 50
~100 mesh accountings 40%~50%, more than intensity 4.0Mpa, overlay film thickness are 8~12mm, make in swage precoated sand and are set in template
Put gas exhaust treatment structure, gas forming amount ＜ 15.
Sandbox is heated to 180 degree, is pushed into fix at sand shot machine lower railway positioning, lifts elevator hand handle, make on workbench
It rises, holds up mold and continue to rise, after being raised to device for sand coated iron mould face top to penetrating sand machine silicagel pad, stop table rises, by penetrating sand machine
Hand handle, which is lifted to penetrating sand position, to be started to penetrate sand, is required uninterruptedly to penetrate sand twice per case, is penetrated after the completion of sand, elevator hand handle is put under
Decrease is put, and workbench was both begun to decline, and drops to from decline is stopped after sand shot machine 100mm, sand is made to be filled between swage and mold
Divide curing, hardening time after the completion of 3-5 minutes, sand curing, makes elevator work table continue to decline, until sand mold is detached from mould
Blown sand on sand mold etc. is cleared up after tool, after molding, polishing blows off die surface, and mould is covered in preparation next time, the sand that will be fixed
Type is elapsed to closing machine, start button, and closing machine holds up 4 positioning pins of top box alignment nowel, moves down, mould assembling, before mould assembling
It checks in cast gate and whether there is loose sand, tight with case clamping lock after the completion of mould assembling, when fastening is firmly uniform, and the sand mold fastened is stained with outlet
Cover and sprue cup, are waited to be cast.
The manufacturing process of mold cavity is as follows：
1st, resin must use nitrogen-free type, and addition should be controlled strictly, and fresh sand is less than 1.2%, and old sand is less than or equal to 0.9%, firmly
Agent addition can be made by oneself according to moulding workpiece complexity and operating time, 40% be generally should be smaller than by amount of resin, when more than 50%
When should convert curing agent model, when seasonal variety should adjust at any time.
2nd, nowel sprue underlay brick bat, 25 millimeters of six outlet stick diameter phis and central hollow tube core iron in operation should
There is firm binding method and according to product structure difference, need to check blind hole, three reserved blind hole outlet wall thickness 25-30 millis
Rice；Three outlet φ, 20 millimeters of through-holes of bearing chamber core print, consolidate bottom.All cavities and the row of fuse outwardly or downwardly
Stomata and hole must dry sand fill up, ensure ventilation not bleed-out, having made nowel lower curtate must strike off, it is ensured that the precision of mould assembling, top box
During moulding, all round the recess of reinforcing rib and all cast gate positions must consolidate big mouth, and riser position and all round brush suitable for reading are once applying
Expecting, which prevents mould assembling from floating sand when shaking, comes off.
3rd, it is concordant with riser to set out gas stick 10*35 height for cast gate opposite.
4th, cavity, fuse flow coat are once brushing once ensureing that coating layer thickness is more than 0.4 millimeter, the angles such as bearing chamber
Forbid piling, igniting is dried for the first time.
5th, 20 millimeters of venthole φ is reserved at the fuse center of bearing chamber, and three fuse tripping in will be measured to just.
6th, case is detained, detains all cavity ventholes before case, core print venthole is filled up with dry sand.The aqueous vapor of air hose empties rear
Blowing mould can be carried out, then blowtorch open fire is dried, cleaning sprue cup and the floating sand at sprue interface position.
Examination fastens case for the first time：One piece of more smooth place must be looked for carry out mould assembling operation, mould assembling face is not required to play mould assembling cream
Carry out mould assembling, during lift must first lift after positive case, check and squeeze mouth, the position for gnawing core carries out polishing amendment, determines that sand mold is errorless,
It mould assembling and is locked again after the gluing mud of mould assembling face.
Heat treatment includes the following steps：
Casting is placed in heat-treatment furnace by step 1,500 DEG C is heated to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/h, then with 1750
DEG C/heating rate of h is heated to 920 DEG C, keep temperature 2-3h；
Step 2 is cooled to 720 DEG C with the cooling rate of 95 DEG C/h, is taken out after keeping temperature 2-3h, be air-cooled to room temperature.
Middle frequency furnace rated power be 1800~2200KW, 3.2~3.4t/h of melting rate, smeltings state be 550k~
565Kw.h/t。
Deep processing includes the processes such as vehicle, mill, drilling and milling, ensures product size precision.
Foundry returns is the dead head removed during cast, and steel scrap is the iron filings removed during processing.
Steel scrap phosphorus content be 0.1%-0.12%, ferrochrome FeCr60, ferronickel nickel content >=99.9%, molybdenum-iron FeMo60, silicon
Iron is FeSi75, ferrotungsten FeW70.
Alloy wire includes following element：Si, Mg, Re, wherein Si contents 48-49wt%, Mg contents 24-25wt%, Re content
1.2-1.3wt%。
Inovulant selects silicon iron inoculator, specially No. 75 silicon iron inoculators.
Carburant is Delanium.
During ferrochrome, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, alloy wire is sequentially added, fusant is sampled, uses spectrum
Its chemical composition of analyzer on-line quick detection is simultaneously reflected on Central Control Room platform in real time, ensures each element content.
Embodiment 1
A kind of production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory specially makes automobile chassis shock absorber cylinder,
Include the following steps：
Step 101, prepare raw material, the raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1,
Foundry returns and steel scrap are put into middle frequency furnace and melted, obtains molten liquid；
Step 102, molten liquid is warming up to 1680 DEG C, come out of the stove after continuing 2min into ladle, melting is then taken out from ladle
Liquid sample pours into test block and carries out chemical composition chemical examination, obtains the content of each element in molten liquid, adds in chromium into ladle successively
Then iron, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten add in alloy wire and carburant into ladle by spheroidising equipment, by ladle
Interior molten liquid breeds into ingredient potting syrup up to standard again, and wherein potting syrup phosphorus content is 0.30wt%, chrome content is
24.0wt%, nickel content 5.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.5wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.15wt%, silicon content is 1.0 wt%
Step 103, it is poured into a mould using spout of a teapot packet and completes to scald packet in first five minute, the deoxidized aluminium addition time should add in before tapping,
Must not be too early in advance, final molten steel aluminum content control is 0.03-0.04 wt%, and Bao Kou sides temperature should be controlled in 1630- before cast
1650 DEG C, sprue cup should first pour cast after coupon using benzvalene form horseshoe its big 250 millimeters of mouth diameter phi, and the duration of pouring should be
20-30 seconds, it should suitably slow down when molten steel rises to riser half and be poured into predetermined size height, timely covering and heat insulating agent, thickness
More than 30 millimeters, sprue cup is dried, pouring temperature passes through auto temperature controlled system control in advance using 250 millimeters of benzvalene form its diameter phi
System at 1560 DEG C, poured into a mould, and inovulant, duration of pouring 50s are added in during cast by automatic pouring machine；
Step 104, it removes to unpack after air leaving cover and sprue cup, then 20h in 5min after casting complete and takes off part, knockout processing obtains
To casting；
Step 105, casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive shock absorber cylinder
Body.
Embodiment 2
A kind of production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory specially makes automobile chassis shock absorber cylinder,
Include the following steps：
Step 101, prepare raw material, the raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1,
Foundry returns and steel scrap are put into middle frequency furnace and melted, obtains molten liquid；
Step 102, molten liquid is warming up to 1690 DEG C, come out of the stove after continuing 3min into ladle, melting is then taken out from ladle
Liquid sample pours into test block and carries out chemical composition chemical examination, obtains the content of each element in molten liquid, adds in chromium into ladle successively
Then iron, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten add in alloy wire and carburant into ladle by spheroidising equipment, by ladle
Interior molten liquid breeds into ingredient potting syrup up to standard again, and wherein potting syrup phosphorus content is 0.35wt%, chrome content is
25.0wt%, nickel content 4.8wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.35wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.2wt%, silicon content is 1.3 wt%；
Step 103, it is poured into a mould using spout of a teapot packet and completes to scald packet in first five minute, the deoxidized aluminium addition time should add in before tapping,
Must not be too early in advance, final molten steel aluminum content control is 0.04-0.05wt%, and Bao Kou sides temperature should be controlled in 1630-1650 before cast
DEG C, sprue cup should first pour cast after coupon, the duration of pouring should be in 20- using its big 250 millimeters of mouth diameter phi of benzvalene form horseshoe
30 seconds, it should suitably slow down when molten steel rises to riser half and be poured into predetermined size height, timely covering and heat insulating agent, thickness is big
In 30 millimeters, sprue cup is dried, pouring temperature is controlled by auto temperature controlled system in advance using 250 millimeters of benzvalene form its diameter phi
At 1570 DEG C, automatic pouring machine is poured into a mould, and inovulant, duration of pouring 70s are added in during cast；
Step 104, it removes to unpack after air leaving cover and sprue cup, then 22h in 5min after casting complete and takes off part, knockout processing obtains
To casting；
Step 105, casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive shock absorber cylinder
Body.
Embodiment 3
A kind of production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory specially makes automobile chassis shock absorber cylinder,
Include the following steps：
Step 101, prepare raw material, the raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1,
Foundry returns and steel scrap are put into middle frequency furnace and melted, obtains molten liquid；
Step 102, molten liquid is warming up to 1700 DEG C, come out of the stove after continuing 5min into ladle, melting is then taken out from ladle
Liquid sample pours into test block and carries out chemical composition chemical examination, obtains the content of each element in molten liquid, adds in chromium into ladle successively
Then iron, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten add in alloy wire and carburant into ladle by spheroidising equipment, by ladle
Interior molten liquid breeds into ingredient potting syrup up to standard again, and wherein potting syrup phosphorus content is 0.37wt%, chrome content is
26.0wt%, nickel content 6.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.1wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.2wt%, silicon content is 1.5 wt%；
Step 103, it is poured into a mould using spout of a teapot packet and completes to scald packet in first five minute, the deoxidized aluminium addition time should add in before tapping,
Must not be too early in advance, final molten steel aluminum content control is 0.03-0.04 wt%, and Bao Kou sides temperature should be controlled in 1630- before cast
1650 DEG C, sprue cup should first pour cast after coupon using benzvalene form horseshoe its big 250 millimeters of mouth diameter phi, and the duration of pouring should be
20-30 seconds, it should suitably slow down when molten steel rises to riser half and be poured into predetermined size height, timely covering and heat insulating agent, thickness
More than 30 millimeters, sprue cup is dried, pouring temperature passes through auto temperature controlled system control in advance using 250 millimeters of benzvalene form its diameter phi
System at 1560 DEG C, poured into a mould, and inovulant, duration of pouring 50s are added in during cast by automatic pouring machine；
Step 104, it removes to unpack after air leaving cover and sprue cup, then 20h in 5min after casting complete and takes off part, knockout processing obtains
To casting；
Step 105, casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive shock absorber cylinder
Body.
Embodiment 4
A kind of production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory specially makes automobile chassis shock absorber cylinder,
Include the following steps：
Step 101, prepare raw material, the raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1,
Foundry returns and steel scrap are put into middle frequency furnace and melted, obtains molten liquid；
Step 102, molten liquid is warming up to 1680 DEG C, come out of the stove after continuing 4min into ladle, melting is then taken out from ladle
Liquid sample pours into test block and carries out chemical composition chemical examination, obtains the content of each element in molten liquid, adds in chromium into ladle successively
Then iron, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten add in alloy wire and carburant into ladle by spheroidising equipment, by ladle
Interior molten liquid breeds into ingredient potting syrup up to standard again, and wherein potting syrup phosphorus content is 0.28wt%, chrome content is
25.0wt%, nickel content 5.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.3wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.1wt%, silicon content is 1.0 wt%；
Step 103, it is poured into a mould using spout of a teapot packet and completes to scald packet in first five minute, the deoxidized aluminium addition time should add in before tapping,
Must not be too early in advance, final molten steel aluminum content control is 0.03-0.04 wt%, and Bao Kou sides temperature should be controlled in 1630- before cast
1650 DEG C, sprue cup should first pour cast after coupon using benzvalene form horseshoe its big 250 millimeters of mouth diameter phi, and the duration of pouring should be
20-30 seconds, it should suitably slow down when molten steel rises to riser half and be poured into predetermined size height, timely covering and heat insulating agent, thickness
More than 30 millimeters, sprue cup is dried, pouring temperature passes through auto temperature controlled system control in advance using 250 millimeters of benzvalene form its diameter phi
System at 1560 DEG C, poured into a mould, and inovulant, duration of pouring 60s are added in during cast by automatic pouring machine；
Step 104, it removes to unpack after air leaving cover and sprue cup, then 23h in 5min after casting complete and takes off part, knockout processing obtains
To casting；
Step 105, casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive shock absorber cylinder
Shock absorber cylinder physicochemical property such as subordinate list 1 obtained by above example
Subordinate list 1
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Tensile strength/N/m ㎡ | 690 | 685 | 692 | 685 |
| Yield strength/N/m ㎡ | 500 | 511 | 503 | 492 |
| Elongation percentage/% | 3 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 3.8 |
| Brinell hardness/N/ ㎜2 | 256 | 268 | 263 | 261 |
| Oxygen potential/% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Content of pearlite in alloy/% | 9.1 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8.3 |
| Ferrite content/% | 90.6 | 91.2 | 91.1 | 92.0 |
| Outer surface roughness/μm | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 |
| Sulfur content/% | 0.02 | 0.023 | 0.025 | 0.019 |
| Phosphorus content/% | 0.021 | 0.031 | 0.035 | 0.026 |
| Flawless accepted product percentage/% | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
By subordinate list 1 it is recognised that by this production method to shock absorber cylinder tensile strength it is high, yield strength is high and prolongs
It is low to stretch rate, structure stability is high, the defects of overcoming the prior art, high yield rate.
The production method of automobile absorber cylinder provided by the present invention, casting yield strength obtained is high, Oxygen potential is low,
Flawless accepted product percentage is high, is used not only for making automobile absorber cylinder, in the situation for not changing cast liquid and preparation method thereof
Under, change mold and can also be used to make the casting such as air suspension, wheel hub, longeron, crossbeam, transmission shaft, energy can not only be saved
Source, additionally it is possible to improve product quality.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 101, prepare raw material, the raw material includes foundry returns and steel scrap, and the wherein weight ratio of foundry returns and steel scrap is 1:1,
Foundry returns and steel scrap are melted, obtain molten liquid；
Step 102, molten liquid is warming up to 1680-1700 DEG C, comes out of the stove into ladle after continuing 2-5min, then taken from ladle
Go out molten liquid sample and pour into test block progress chemical composition chemical examination, the content of each element in molten liquid is obtained, successively into ladle
Ferrochrome, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten are added in, alloy wire and carburant are then added in into ladle by spheroidising equipment,
Molten liquid in ladle is bred into ingredient potting syrup up to standard again, wherein potting syrup phosphorus content is 0.28-0.37wt%, contains
Chromium content is 24.0-26.0wt%, nickel content 4.0-6.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.1-0.5wt%, tungstenic amount be 0.1-0.2wt%,
Silicon content is 1.0-1.5 wt %；
Step 103, deoxidized aluminium is added in potting syrup, causes aluminium content that potting syrup is poured into mold for 0.03-0.05wt%
In, inovulant is added in during cast, duration of pouring control is controlled in 50-70s, pouring temperature at 1560-1580 DEG C；
Step 104, it removes to unpack after air leaving cover and sprue cup, then 20-24h in 3-5min after casting complete and takes off part, at knockout
Reason, obtains casting；
Step 105, casting is heat-treated, obtains blank, blank is subjected to deep processing, obtains finished automotive chassis fittings.
2. the production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 1, which is characterized in that heat
Processing includes the following steps：
Casting is placed in heat-treatment furnace by step 1,500 DEG C is heated to the heating rate of 100 DEG C/h, then with 1750
DEG C/heating rate of h is heated to 920 DEG C, keep temperature 2-3h；
Step 2 is cooled to 720 DEG C with the cooling rate of 95 DEG C/h, is taken out after keeping temperature 2-3h, be air-cooled to room temperature.
3. the production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Foundry returns and steel scrap are placed in middle frequency furnace in step 102 and melted.
4. the production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Steel scrap phosphorus content is stated as 0.1%-0.12%, the ferrochrome is FeCr60, ferronickel nickel content >=99.9%, and the molybdenum-iron is
FeMo60, the ferrosilicon are FeSi75, and the ferrotungsten is FeW70.
5. the production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states alloy wire and includes following element：Si, Mg, Re, wherein Si contents 48-49wt%, Mg contents 24-25wt%, Re content 1.2-
1.3wt%。
6. the production technology of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states inovulant and selects silicon iron inoculator.
7. a kind of nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory, which is characterized in that nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis is matched
The content of each element is as follows in part：Phosphorus content is 0.28-0.37wt%, chrome content 24.0-26.0wt%, nickel content 4.0-
6.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.1-0.5wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.1-0.2wt%, silicon content is 1.0-1.5 wt %, aluminum content is
0.03-0.05wt%, surplus are iron and inevitable impurity.
8. nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 7, which is characterized in that nickelic high chromium is heat-resisting
The content of each element is as follows in wear resistant automobile chassis fittings：Phosphorus content is 0.30wt%, chrome content 24.0wt%, nickel content are
5.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.5wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.15wt%, silicon content is 1.0 wt %, aluminum content 0.03-0.04wt%,
Surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
9. nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 7, which is characterized in that nickelic high chromium is heat-resisting
The content of each element is as follows in wear resistant automobile chassis fittings：Phosphorus content is 0.35wt%, chrome content 25.0wt%, nickel content are
4.8wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.35wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.2wt%, silicon content is 1.3 wt %, aluminum content 0.04-0.05wt%,
Surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
10. nickelic high chromium heat-resisting and wear-resisting automobile chassis accessory according to claim 7, which is characterized in that nickelic high chromium is resistance to
The content of each element is as follows in hot wear resistant automobile chassis fittings：Phosphorus content is 0.37wt%, chrome content 26.0wt%, nickel content are
6.0wt%, amount containing molybdenum are 0.1wt%, tungstenic amount is 0.2wt%, silicon content is 1.5 wt %, aluminum content 0.03-0.04wt%, remaining
It measures as iron and inevitable impurity.
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