Background technology
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron is widely used in machine industry, and low temperature ferrite ductile cast iron electric motor end cap is mainly used in height
On ferrum train motor, it is the strength member in railway traffic parts, it drives and carries the compartment of 1,100 passengers, except having high demands
Mechanical property, the quality stability also having high demands, concordance.Accordingly, it would be desirable to the performance of strictly detection attached casting test block, wherein,
Product attached casting test block performance should meet customer specification:Foundry goods meets GB/T1348-2009 and TB/T1465-93, and performance is surveyed
Pilot production disjunctor attached casting sample:Tensile strength:Rm >=400 (Mpa), yield strength:Re0.2 >=240 (Mpa), percentage elongation:A≥
18%, ballistic work:AkV( -50℃)≥12J.Cast properties therefore to be guaranteed are qualified, and attached casting test block should be able to accordingly
Represent the performance of foundry goods completely, and attached casting test block performance is fully achieved customer requirement.
As schematically shown in Figure 1, 2, the cast structure figure of existing attached casting test block, for low temperature ferrite ductile cast iron motor side
The attached casting test block of lid and single casting test block, find problems with through detection, and single casting Y type test block performance is fully achieved standard production institute
The performance obtaining.But the attached casting test block of cast properties can be represented, reach performance after its detection and differ with single casting Y type test block performance
Cause, and compare the low trade mark of single casting test block performance, do not reach customer requirement.Concrete test is shown in Table 1 meaning.
We have discovered that in test block performance testing process, attached casting test block performance major ABO incompatibility lattice problem is low-temperature impact
Performance does not reach requirement.Verify on inspection, its reason is as follows:Using the flat mode poured, therefore attached casting in test block is running gate system
The last stops of molten iron, the slag containing and impurity fail overflow to go out, and rest in test block.
Attached casting test block uniquely relies on chill to cool down, and does not have the molten iron of feeding, therefore organizes not fine and close, containing shrinkage porosite.Cause
This problem to be solved:
1st, the impurity in attached casting test block and slag are discharged outside test block;
2nd, increase the feeding of attached casting test block, solve shrinkage porosite;
3rd, improve attached casting test block stability.
Content of the invention
In order that the performance of attached casting test block and foundry goods is completely the same, spy proposes a kind of low temperature ferritic spheroidal graphite casting to the present invention
Ferrum attached casting test block preparation method.
A kind of low temperature ferrite ductile cast iron attached casting test block preparation method, using running gate system, casting die, attached casting test block
Mould;The top of described attached casting test block mould connects road by test block cast gate and foundry goods connects, on attached casting test block mould
Side sets wasteway, and the attached casting test block on the downside of attached casting test block mould takes placement chill at performance, and attached casting test block mould is vertical putting
Put.
Compared with existing casting method, it is characteristic of the invention that:1st, by attached casting test block mould by original horizontal positioned
It is changed to vertical placement, upright casting is changed to by flat pouring, result is increase feeding above test block, make test block take tissue at performance to cause
Close, no shrinkage porosite;
2nd, increase wasteway above attached casting test block mould, enable gas in test block, slag emersion it is ensured that the property of attached casting test block
Can be completely uniform;
3rd, take placement chill at performance in attached casting test block mould, reduce the shrinkage porosite tendency of attached casting test block.
By above transformation, the attached casting test block that the present invention program makes and single casting Y type test block similar nature, casting can be reflected
The real performance of part.
Specific embodiment
Anticipate as shown in Figure 1,2,3, 4, a kind of low temperature ferrite ductile cast iron attached casting test block preparation method, using running gate system
8, casting die, attached casting test block mould 4;The top of described attached casting test block mould 4 connects road 2 and foundry goods by test block cast gate
1 connection, sets wasteway 3 above attached casting test block mould 4, and the attached casting test block in attached casting test block mould 4 downside takes at performance 9 to place
Chill 5, attached casting test block mould 4 is vertical placement.
Described attached casting test block mould 4 is vertical placement, and test block cast gate connects road 2 and is located at attached casting test block mould 4 topmost,
This be designed with beneficial to molten iron fully flow into attached casting test block mould 4 in, overcome molten iron flow deficiency to lead to test block
The problem that can decline.
Chemical composition in attached casting test block casting of the present invention and casting technique are as follows
Carbon content, the carbon content of nodular iron casting is higher, too high carbon content, and its elongation percentage can reduce.In ductile iron production
In normal carbon content range, cold impact value is substantially unaffected.And higher phosphorus content can increase the mobility of metal, one
Determine graphitization expansion and reduce shrink defects.So carbon content control is 3.4%~3.7%.
Content, a kind of element of the matrix of reinforced ferrite of silicon, hinder iron atom and carbon because silicon can be solid-solution in Fe
Chemical combination between atom, simultaneously facilitates Graphite Precipitation, thus being conducive to obtaining ferritic structure.For low-temperature impact G. Iron Castings,
Matrix will be organized for pure ferrite, so needing the silicon of certain content, but when Si content is high, can improve low-temperature transformation temperature
Degree.According to meeting demand, the content controlling silicon is between 1.9%~2.30%.
Manganese content, manganese with stable austenite area, can promote the formation of carbide, in During Eutectoid Decomposition, reduce eutectoid and turn
The temperature becoming, plays stable and refinement pearlite effect.Dissolving in the manganese in austenite has the tendency of strong segregation, causes reticulated carbon
Compound, the black cellular microstructure, white area moral are formed, and the material that these form on crystal boundary seriously reduces low-temperature flexibility.Carbide, partially
Analysis is the principal element of impact magnesium iron low-temperature transformation temperature, and manganese often increases by 0.1%, and brittle transition temperature about improves 10~12 DEG C.
So manganese is more low better, less than 0.28%.
Phosphorus content, in magnesium iron, due to the impact of other compositions, the dissolubility very little of phosphorus, when phosphorus content exceedes certain value
When, phosphorus will be separated out with iron phosphide eutectic form.Due to reasons such as composition, rate of cooling, segregations, the phosphorus that is readily formed in magnesium iron is total to
Brilliant.Because iron phosphide eutectic fusing point is relatively low, it is enriched in eutectic cell boundary final set, intercrystalline precipitation in solidification.Shape when serious
Reticulate or discontinuously netted, more serious reduce the toughness of magnesium iron and plasticity, reduce low temperature impact properties, so phosphorus will be as far as possible
Low.The G. Iron Castings producing for my company, the content of phosphorus cannot reduce further, and its content is less than 0.04%.
It is considered to low temperature impact properties, G. Iron Castings must need to eliminate segregation, cementite and certain pearly-lustre using annealing nickel content
Body, annealing process is two rank annealing process of 920 DEG C of high temperature ferrite annealing process or 920~720 DEG C.Add a certain amount of
Nickel, can obtain complete ferritic structure by annealing.And it does not affect elongation percentage, also reduce brittle transition temperature, and
It is evenly distributed in eutectic cell, eutectic cell border will not be made because of segregation brittle.The addition of nickel controls in 0.2%~0.8% model
In enclosing.
Attached casting test block and the casting step of foundry goods are:Steel scrap and/or scrap iron is selected to be raw material, using 1.0T Medium frequency induction
Electro-smelting iron liquid, furan cold setresin sand molding, using carburant, increase silicea adjustment iron liquid composition, control original iron melt and casting
Part chemical analysis, to table 1 claimed range, are below mass percent.
Material |
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Ni |
Original iron melt |
3.4-3.7 |
1.9-2.1 |
<0.2 |
<0.035 |
<0.020 |
0.2%-0.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is warming up to 1510 DEG C~1530 DEG C, carries out nodularization and inoculation, nodulizer and inovulant composition quality % see table
Add the nodulizer of raw materials quality 1.4-1.6%, add into nodularization consolidating agent(Antimony 0.002%, bismuth 0.002%, lead
0.002%, selenium 0.03%, titanium 0.07%, tellurium 0.02%, remaining is magnesium),
The amount adding inovulant is 1-1.3%, finally carries out pouring operation, the heat treating castings obtaining after cast, the step of heat treatment
Suddenly it is that foundry goods is warming up to 920-940 DEG C, is incubated 2-3 hour, stove is cooled to 730-750 DEG C, be incubated 2-3 hour, then stove is cooled to
Come out of the stove for 600 DEG C.
Table 2 is attached casting test block and single casting Y type test block Performance comparision table.
As seen from the above table, attached casting test block performance can reach customer requirement, has the representativeness of cast properties.
Conclusion:
1st, specify only the size of attached casting test block in GB/T1348-2009, test block pouring type is not described, attached casting test block can not
The verity of reflection cast properties;
2nd, according to mode, attached casting test block and the single casting Y type test block adding feeding above the foundry goods attached casting test block upright casting after improving, test block
Similar nature, can reflect the real performance of foundry goods.