CN108237440B - Horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center - Google Patents

Horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108237440B
CN108237440B CN201810292452.XA CN201810292452A CN108237440B CN 108237440 B CN108237440 B CN 108237440B CN 201810292452 A CN201810292452 A CN 201810292452A CN 108237440 B CN108237440 B CN 108237440B
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China
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axis
guide rail
axle
milling
lead screw
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CN201810292452.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108237440A (en
Inventor
陈虎
范春宏
侯延星
蔡春刚
张传思
韦志鸿
李亚鹏
林阳
段慧强
李秀敏
孙永杰
李荣东
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Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
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Dalian Kede Numerical Control Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q37/00Metal-working machines, or constructional combinations thereof, built-up from units designed so that at least some of the units can form parts of different machines or combinations; Units therefor in so far as the feature of interchangeability is important
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/623Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair

Abstract

The invention discloses a horizontal five-axis milling and turning composite machining center, which comprises: the milling machine is characterized in that the machine body is horizontally arranged, and the milling machine workbench moves back and forth on the machine body as a Z-axis. The stand is installed at the rear portion of the lathe bed, and the saddle moves left and right on the stand to realize X-axis movement. The swing head drives the main shaft to move up and down on the saddle to realize Y-axis movement. The swinging head moves around the X axis as the A axis. The milling machine workbench moves around the Y axis to realize the B axis movement. The X axis, the Y axis, the Z axis, the A axis and the B axis are linked to realize efficient cutting machining for aviation engine parts, and machining of turning, milling, drilling and other characteristics of an outer circle inner hole and an end face is completed through one-time clamping. A tool magazine and a tool changing manipulator are arranged on the left side of the machine body, so that automatic tool changing of a machining center is realized, and the production efficiency is improved. The bed body is a middle rear chip removal structure. The structure is suitable for high-efficiency and high-precision machining of aluminum alloy aviation and aircraft parts. The device is beneficial to the realization of feeding and discharging and the chip removal of large cutting, and meets the requirements on high-efficiency and high-precision machining of aluminum alloy aviation parts.

Description

Horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center.
Background
The horizontal five-axis machining center is a double-pendulum head structure with two rotating shafts at a main shaft end or a single-pendulum head matched rotary worktable structure with one rotating shaft arranged at the main shaft end and the worktable end respectively. The purpose is all in order to realize the curved surface processing of part, reduces the clamping number of times, improves the efficiency of processing.
The horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center has the advantages that the B axis of the milling and turning machine drives the workbench to achieve the turning function, the main shaft moves around the X axis to achieve the A axis, the structure of the whole machine is simple, the rigidity of the main shaft is very good, and the horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center is particularly suitable for efficient and high-precision machining of aluminum alloy aerial parts and cylindrical parts. The requirements of the domestic aerospace industry on high-efficiency and high-precision processing equipment for the aluminum alloy parts are met.
At present, a ball screw is independently driven on the driving of a turntable in a horizontal machining center, so that the driving force cannot accurately act on the gravity center of a moving part, the driving force is easy to generate a twisting trend during high-speed chip cutting, the vibration of a machine tool is caused, large parts of the machine tool are bent and deformed, and the precision and the service life of the turntable are influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center, which aims to overcome the technical problem.
The invention relates to a horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center, which comprises:
lathe bed, stand, Z axle guide rail, mill car revolving stage supporting seat, yaw, Z axle slider, nut seat, X axle guide rail, X axle lead screw, X axle slider, saddle, Y axle guide rail, headstock, workstation, tool magazine, tool changing manipulator and middle chip removal mouth, X axle guide rail includes: first X axle guide rail, second X axle guide rail, third X axle guide rail, X axle screw includes: the first X-axis lead screw and the second X-axis lead screw;
the lathe bed is horizontally arranged, the middle chip removal port is arranged in the middle of the lathe bed, the stand column is arranged at the rear end of the lathe bed and is perpendicular to the lathe bed, the Z-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lathe bed, the first X-axis guide rail, the second X-axis guide rail and the third X-axis guide rail are arranged on the vertical surface of the stand column in parallel, the first X-axis lead screw is arranged at the top end of the stand column, the second X-axis lead screw is arranged between the first X-axis guide rail and the second X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding block is arranged on the X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding block is provided with the sliding saddle, the Y-axis guide rail is arranged on the sliding saddle, the spindle box is arranged on the Y-axis guide rail, the spindle is arranged in the spindle box, the spindle rotates around the X axis to realize A-axis motion, the swing head is connected with the spindle, the milling machine rotary table supporting seat is arranged on a Z-axis sliding block of the Z-axis guide rail, the nut seat is arranged on a nut of a Z-axis lead screw, the milling machine rotary table is arranged on the milling machine supporting seat, the milling machine rotary table is driven by a torque motor to move in the Y-axis direction to complete B-axis rotation, and the tool magazine and the tool changing manipulator are arranged on one side of the machine body.
Further, the shaft A drive and the shaft B drive are both directly driven by torque motors.
Further, the stand is the L type structure.
Further, still include:
the rear chip removal port is arranged at the rear end of the lathe body.
The invention adopts the directly driven B-axis workbench of the milling machine and is matched with the swing head of the A-axis to realize the high-efficiency, high-precision and stable processing of the workpiece. The B shaft of the milling machine is directly driven by a torque motor, zero-clearance transmission is realized, high dynamic response is realized, the operation is stable and reliable, and the typical part processing in the field of aviation parts is more efficient by matching with the movement of the A shaft and other three linear shafts.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a milling machine B-axis table according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the swing head A shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a column according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the bed of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center of this embodiment may include:
lathe bed 2, stand 5, Z axle guide rail 10, milling lathe revolving stage supporting seat 13, yaw box 18, Z axle slider 14, X axle guide rail, X axle lead screw, X axle slider 16, saddle 15, Y axle guide rail 11, headstock 29, milling lathe workstation 8, tool magazine 34, tool changing manipulator 29 and middle chip removal mouth, the X axle guide rail includes: first X axle guide rail 3, second X axle guide rail 35, third X axle guide rail 36, the X axle lead screw includes: a first X-axis lead screw 7, a second X-axis lead screw 37;
the lathe bed is horizontally arranged, the middle chip removal port is arranged in the middle of the lathe bed, the stand column is arranged at the rear end of the lathe bed and is perpendicular to the lathe bed, the Z-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lathe bed, the first X-axis guide rail, the second X-axis guide rail and the third X-axis guide rail are arranged on the vertical surface of the stand column in parallel, the first X-axis lead screw is arranged at the top end of the stand column, the second X-axis lead screw is arranged between the first X-axis guide rail and the second X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding block is arranged on the X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding block is provided with the sliding saddle, the Y-axis guide rail is arranged on the sliding saddle, the spindle box is arranged on the Y-axis guide rail, the spindle is arranged in the spindle box, the spindle rotates around the X axis to realize A-axis motion, the swing head is connected with the spindle, the milling machine rotary table supporting seat is arranged on a Z-axis sliding block of the Z-axis guide rail, the nut seat is installed on a nut of a Z-axis lead screw, the milling machine rotary table is installed on the milling machine supporting seat, the milling machine rotary table is driven to move around the X-axis direction through left side driving and right side driving simultaneously to complete B-axis swinging, the cradle workbench rotates around the Y-axis to complete B-axis movement, and the tool magazine 34 and the tool changing manipulator 20 are arranged on one side of the lathe bed.
Specifically, a bed 2 disposed horizontally and a column 5 disposed vertically thereto. Z-axis guide rails 10 are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the bed body 2 respectively, a milling machine B-axis 21 is installed on a sliding block of the Z-axis guide rails 10, and the milling machine B-axis 21 moves back and forth along the Z-axis guide rails 10 under the driving of two servo motors 6 of the Z-axis. The upright post 5 is arranged on the upper side of the rear end part of the bed body 2, the X-axis guide rails are arranged on the vertical face of the upright post 5 in parallel, the X-axis lead screw is respectively arranged between the first X-axis guide rail 3, the second X-axis guide rail 35 and the third X-axis guide rail 36 and on the top face of the upright post 5, the sliding saddle 15 is installed on the X-axis guide rail through an X-axis sliding block, the nut seat is respectively connected with the nuts of the first X-axis lead screw 7 and the second X-axis lead screw 37, and the sliding saddle 15 moves left and right along the X-axis guide rails under the driving of the two X-axis servo motors 4 and 9. The swing head 18 passes through a Y-axis guide rail 11 arranged on a saddle 15, the swing head box 18 moves up and down along the Y-axis guide rail 11 under the drive of two Y-axis servo motors 12, and the main shaft 19 is arranged in the swing head box 18 and rotates around an X axis to realize A-axis movement. The B shaft 21 of the milling machine moves around the Y shaft to realize the rotation of the B shaft, the workbench 8 is arranged at the top of the B shaft 21 of the milling machine, and the left side of the machine body 2 is provided with a tool magazine 34 and a tool changing manipulator 20, so that the automatic tool changing of a machining center is realized. The upright post 5 is of an L-shaped structure and is bending-resistant and torsion-resistant. Chip removal in the middle of the lathe bed 2 is convenient for the concentrated discharge of chips, and the production efficiency is improved. Providing production efficiency. The lathe bed 2 is the middle back chip removal structure, and the stand 5 is fixed on the lathe bed 2, and whole is L type structure, and moving part focus such as saddle 15 and main shaft 19 is within the stand 5 all the time, improves whole rigidity.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the Z-axis slide 25 of the milling machine table part of the present embodiment is connected with the Z-axis guide rail through the lower 4 sets of slide blocks 27 with high rigidity, and the feeding motion is realized under the driving of the double-drive lead screw. A telescopic pull cover protection 22 is arranged in front of the Z-axis sliding seat 25; the rear end is provided with a steel plate protection 24; the milling machine table 8 is driven to rotate by a torque motor mounted in the Z-axis slide 25. The milling machine table 8 is connected to the Z-axis slide 25 via the adjustment pads 26, and has 4 sets in total in the circumferential direction. After the relevant geometric accuracy is adjusted, the bolt is used for fastening. The balance weight 23 keeps the rotation of the turntable smooth. The milling machine B-axis workbench of the patent is driven by two servo motors of a Z axis to move front and back along the Z axis, so that vibration and distortion are not generated when the Z axis direction moves at a high speed, the center of gravity is unchanged, and the operation is stable.
Further, the left side drive, the right side drive and the Y axis drive are torque motors.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the electric spindle 19 with turning function of the a-axis swing head part of the present embodiment is fixed on the swing head box 18 by a spindle box 29, and is driven by a torque motor placed inside the swing head box 18 to realize the a-axis movement. The right side guard shield 31 of yaw box 18 is cast aluminium material, effectively protects auxiliaries such as inside electric wire and hydraulic pressure pipeline, and inside pipeline connects in tow chain support 32 department. Two cooling liquid spray heads 30 are arranged at the front end of the main spindle box 29 and are used for reducing cutting heat generated in the machining process. The head swinging box 18 is firmly connected with the high rigidity of the Y-axis sliding plate through the rear 6 groups of sliding blocks 28. The feeding motion is realized under the driving of the double-drive lead screw. The milling machine B-axis workbench and the swinging head A-axis are directly driven by the torque motors, the response speed of the A-axis and the B-axis is greatly improved, zero-gap transmission is realized, and functional parts can stably run, so that the overall stability of a machine tool is improved, the overall size of the workbench is reduced, the overall structure of the whole machine is more compact, and meanwhile, an automatic interface is reserved.
Further, the stand is the L type structure.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the column of the present embodiment has a schematic perspective structure. The stand 3 adopts for L type structure, improves stand bending resistance antitorque property.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the method further includes:
and the rear chip removal port 33 is arranged at the rear end of the lathe body.
Specifically, the bed 2 of the present embodiment has a schematic three-dimensional structure. Chip removal in the middle of the lathe bed is combined with the whole machine structure, so that chips are conveniently and intensively discharged, and the chip liquid is conveniently recycled.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center which characterized in that includes:
lathe bed, stand, Z axle guide rail, mill car revolving stage supporting seat, yaw box, Z axle slider, screw seat, X axle guide rail, X axle lead screw, X axle slider, saddle, Y axle guide rail, headstock, workstation, tool magazine, tool changing manipulator and middle chip removal mouth, X axle guide rail includes: first X axle guide rail, second X axle guide rail, third X axle guide rail, X axle screw includes: the first X-axis lead screw and the second X-axis lead screw;
the lathe bed is horizontally arranged, the middle chip removal port is arranged in the middle of the lathe bed, the stand column is arranged at the rear end of the lathe bed and is vertical to the lathe bed, the Z-axis guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lathe bed, the first X-axis guide rail, the second X-axis guide rail and the third X-axis guide rail are arranged on the vertical surface of the stand column in parallel, the first X-axis lead screw is arranged at the top end of the stand column, the second X-axis lead screw is arranged between the first X-axis guide rail and the second X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding block is arranged on the X-axis guide rail, the X-axis sliding block is provided with the sliding saddle, the Y-axis guide rail is arranged on the sliding saddle, the spindle box is arranged on the Y-axis guide rail, the spindle is arranged in the spindle box, the spindle rotates around the X axis to realize A-axis motion, the swing head is connected with the spindle, and the, the milling machine turntable supporting seat is arranged on a Z-axis sliding block of the Z-axis guide rail, the nut seat is installed on a nut of a Z-axis lead screw, Z-axis movement is completed through double driving of two Z-axis driving motors, the milling machine turntable is installed on the milling machine supporting seat, the milling machine turntable is driven to move around the Y-axis direction through a torque motor to complete B-axis rotation, and the tool magazine and the tool changing manipulator are arranged on one side of the machine body;
further comprising: the rear chip removal port is arranged at the rear end of the lathe body.
2. The horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center according to claim 1, wherein the shaft A and the shaft B are both directly driven by torque motors.
3. The horizontal five-axis milling and turning composite machining center according to claim 1, wherein the upright is of an L-shaped structure.
CN201810292452.XA 2018-03-30 2018-03-30 Horizontal five-axis milling and turning combined machining center Active CN108237440B (en)

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CN108237440B true CN108237440B (en) 2020-06-26

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CN109746744A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-05-14 东莞市台川数控科技有限公司 A kind of TCV11 type horizontal processing machine tool
CN110039326A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-07-23 科德数控股份有限公司 A kind of yaw mounting structure of numerically-controlled machine tool
CN112296694A (en) * 2019-07-29 2021-02-02 辽宁轻工职业学院 Swing shaft cavity built-in structure of machining center
CN113878150A (en) * 2021-09-16 2022-01-04 山东雷德数控机械股份有限公司 Five four milling cutter end milling machines of environment-friendly numerical control

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