CN108232443A - A kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable - Google Patents
A kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable Download PDFInfo
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- CN108232443A CN108232443A CN201810047767.8A CN201810047767A CN108232443A CN 108232443 A CN108232443 A CN 108232443A CN 201810047767 A CN201810047767 A CN 201810047767A CN 108232443 A CN108232443 A CN 108232443A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
- H01Q3/247—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching by switching different parts of a primary active element
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable, including this three-decker of medium substrate, feeding network and earth plate；The top layer of the medium substrate is feeding network, and bottom is earth plate；The earth plate is to include four rotational symmetry and spaced radiating slot unit and four rectangular slots for being arranged on radiating slot cell end；The feeding network includes square microband paste, switch, the microstrip coupled minor matters of four " L " types, low-pass filter, the microstrip coupled minor matters of described four " L " types attach to four sides of square microband paste by switch respectively, in each microstrip coupled minor matters end of " L " type, one low-pass filter is set, the low-pass filter is switch bias circuits, for controlling the conducting and disconnection of switch, change the operating mode of antenna.It is small that the microstrip slot antenna of the present invention meets size, as a result compact, broader bandwidth and that four direction figure on horizontal plane can be achieved at the same time is restructural.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical field, more particularly to a kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable.
Background technology
With the fast development of science and technology, have become people with the transmission of wireless transmission method into row information mutually to hand over
Stream cooperation, industrial production, indispensable means of communication in national economic development and national defense construction.Present mobile communication, satellite
Communication plays irreplaceable role, mobile phone, smartwatch and self-service machine etc. to use radio in people live
Wave is widely used for information delivering path and the product of information management.It is also cured in the status of national economy and national defence
Send out important.
As the transmitting terminal of information in wireless transmitting system and the receiving terminal of information, it plays whole system holds antenna
Effect under opening, therefore the quality of its performance will influence whether entire communication system communication quality.At present wireless communication system by
Multi-functional gradually towards large capacity, the direction of ultra wide band is developed, and therefore, on same communications platform needs to carry a certain number of
Antenna, especially for the communication system of multiple-input and multiple-output.Since the increase of the antenna amount in system will lead to system
The increase of middle volume, weight and cost.Coupling between simultaneity factor internal antenna and antenna, the coupling between antenna and other parts
Conjunction can also enhance, and the performance of system is by certain restriction.For the performance of lifting system, reconfigurable antenna just arises.
Directional diagram is a key property of antenna, in the systems such as military-civil radar, intellectual weapon guidance, wireless communication
It is required that antenna has directional diagram controllability.Directional diagram steerable antenna can change transmitting and reception in real time according to the variation of communication environment
The arrival bearing of antenna so as to effectively weaken noise jamming, to anti-multipath fading, improves the rate of information throughput, improves systematicness
Energy.The method for traditionally changing antenna radiation pattern is using phased array antenna technology, by the input range and phase that adjust unit
It realizes, but it is also obvious that such as the shortcomings that phased array antenna position：Array structure is complicated, the valency of the higher phase shifter used of frequency
Lattice are also more expensive, and cost is also higher, and which greatly limits application of the phased-array technique in realistic communication.And directional diagram
Reconfigurable antenna conceptually proposes to provide new idea and method in order to solve the above problem.Directional diagram reconstructable aerial refers to lead to
It crosses and mems switch, diode switch or fet switch etc. is introduced in antenna radiator or antenna feed structure to change
Become the current distribution of antenna, so as to change the direction of directional diagram.At present, domestic and international directional diagram reconstructable aerial is more uses Yagi spark gap
The thought of antenna array, by adjusting the electric current of reflector and director in antenna, so as to control radiation pattern.This is often
Often result in the shortcomings of antenna structure is complicated, and volume is big, not compact, narrow bandwidth.Therefore design has compact-sized, small, band
Wider and directional diagram reconstructable aerial with more direction figure controllability is with very strong practical significance, so as to directional diagram
Reconfigurable antenna can be integrated into smaller wireless communication system, improve the flexibility of system.
Invention content
The shortcomings that it is an object of the invention to overcome the prior art and deficiency, provide a kind of miniaturization, compact-sized, bandwidth
It is wider, it can realize the microstrip slot antenna of the directional diagram reconstructable of the enterprising line direction figure switching of four direction in the horizontal plane.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention, including medium substrate, feeding network and earth plate
Three-decker；The top layer of the medium substrate is feeding network, and bottom is earth plate；The earth plate includes radiating slot unit
With the rectangular slot for being arranged on radiating slot cell end, the radiating slot unit and rectangular slot are used to implement determining for antenna
To radiation；The feeding network includes square microband paste, switch, the microstrip coupled minor matters of four " L " types and low-pass filtering
Device, the microstrip coupled minor matters of described four " L " types are connected to square microband paste by switch, microstrip coupled in each " L " type
Minor matters end sets a low-pass filter, and the low-pass filter changes antenna for controlling the conducting and disconnection of switch
Operating mode.
As preferred technical solution, the radiating slot unit is four rotational symmetry and spaced radiating slot
Unit sets rectangular slot respectively in radiating slot cell end；The square microband paste is located at center of antenna；Described four
The microstrip coupled minor matters of item " L " type are microstrip line, attach to four sides of square microband paste by switch respectively, and the switch is
Diode switch.
As preferred technical solution, the identical low-pass filter of structure, institute are respectively arranged in the microstrip line end
Low-pass filter is stated as switch bias circuits, in the switch bias circuits of the first microstrip line end comprising inductor, capacitor,
Conductive minor matters and metallic vias；The conduction minor matters include the first conductive minor matters and the second conductive minor matters, and described first is conductive
Minor matters are connected with the second conductive minor matters by capacitor；Described first conductive minor matters are connected to the first microstrip line end by inductor
End, and draw the first metal column in the first conductive minor matters end；Described second conductive minor matters pass through capacitor and the first conductive branch
The middle part connection of section, and metallic vias is opened up in the second conductive minor matters, the metallic vias is across medium substrate and ground connection
Plate；In the switch bias circuits of the first microstrip line end, inductor is used as the choke coil of high-frequency current, by high-frequency current
It keeps off in microstrip coupled minor matters, can not flow into conductive minor matters；The capacitor is used for by the high-frequency current of inductance, by this
Capacitor flows to antenna ground plate through metallic vias, so as to which high-frequency current and low-frequency current thoroughly be separated.
As preferred technical solution, the identical gold of four root architectures is drawn in the identical switch bias circuits of four structures
Belong to column, the metal column both passes through medium substrate and earth plate, and is connect with DC power supply；To make four metal columns not with connecing
Floor contacts, and four circular troughs is opened up on earth plate, the diameter of four circular troughs is all higher than passed through metal column
Diameter.
As preferred technical solution, the dielectric constant of the medium substrate is 3.5, and the feeding network and earth plate are
By etching to obtain in the upper and lower part of medium substrate.
As preferred technical solution, the length of side of the square microband paste is 4mm；Four " L " types micro-strip coupling
The width for closing minor matters is 2mm, and length is 17.96mm.
As preferred technical solution, four radiating slot cellular constructions are identical, be it is rectangular-shaped, it is the length of
0.15λ0, width is 0.029 λ0, wherein λ0Centered on free space corresponding to frequency 5.8GHz wavelength.
As preferred technical solution, four rectangular slot structures are identical, the length of 8.4mm, width 4mm；
And one end of rectangular slot narrow side and the narrow side of radiating slot unit are close, and distance is 2mm；The other end of rectangular slot is narrow
While being directly connected to the edge of antenna, open state is presented.
As preferred technical solution, by adjusting the length and width of rectangular slot and rectangular slot and radiating slot
The distance between gap unit, so as to fulfill the directed radiation of antenna.
As preferred technical solution, DC offset voltage is controlled by Digital Electronic Technique, four diodes of control are opened
The conducting and disconnection of pass；In four diode switches, one of diode switch is controlled to be connected and it is other three it is disconnected
When opening, four kinds of operating modes of antenna are realized.
The present invention is had the following advantages relative to the prior art and effect：
1st, the present invention uses microstrip slot antenna and the form of rectangular slot is opened on earth plate, realizes the orientation spoke of antenna
The thought of traditional yagi aerial is penetrated rather than taken, the directed radiation of antenna is realized by adding director or reflector.It adopts
Antenna can be caused to have larger front and rear ratio with the mode of microstrip gap adjunction floor open slot so that antenna is used for communication system
In, it is possible to reduce the multipath fading of signal and reduction signal interference.
2nd, antenna size of the invention is smaller, due to not being using addition director or reflector mode so that in reality
The size of antenna is not increased while now antenna radiation pattern is restructural.The size of antenna is 50mm × 50mm, and is switched
Biasing circuit is located at antenna and is respectively positioned on top layer, compact-sized, does not introduce other additional modules, system interference is reduced, to transport
For in smaller mobile communication system.
3rd, the present invention can realize on horizontal plane four by the way of slot antenna and the earth plate fluting of rotational symmetry
The switching of antenna radiation pattern on direction, this causes the control freedom degree of the directional diagram of antenna to enhance, the antenna in communication system more
With flexibility.
4th, the present invention has expanded the bandwidth of antenna so that antenna using coupling feed way in certain degree
Bandwidth can cover needed for work frequency band.The working frequency of microstrip slot antenna is 5.66GHz-5.93GHz, and bandwidth is
270MHz covers 5.725-5.875 frequency range in ISM band.
5th, couple feed network of the invention is etched on the top layer of medium substrate, and central square patch passes through diode
Switch is attached with four " L " type minor matters, by adjusting the length of side of square and the length and width of micro-band branch so that
Antenna has preferable impedance matching, and minimum reflectance factor reaches -25dB, can realize that antenna more effectively radiates.
In conclusion the antenna size of the present invention is small, and it is as a result compact, it broader bandwidth and can be achieved at the same time four on horizontal plane
A directional diagram reconstructable.By micro-strip " L " type coupling microstrip minor matters in feeding network, microstrip gap structure and center are square
The antenna impedance bandwidth that has been implemented in combination with of shape patch preferably matches, and the antenna of realization works in 5.6-5.9GHz frequency ranges, and
And front and rear frequency is bigger.In working frequency range, antenna can realize that the directional diagram of the front and rear four direction than more than 8dB can weigh
Structure, and antenna average gain is about 4dBi.Meet that small size, simple and compact for structure, impedance bandwidth is wide and directional diagram controllably from
By spending big directional diagram reconstructable requirement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure bottom view of the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structure top view of the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural side view of the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the ON-OFF control circuit schematic diagram of the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the stickogram when microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention is switched in each pattern；
Fig. 7 is the microstrip slot antenna switch of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention in pattern a period of time radiation pattern
(only having taken one of frequency point)；
Fig. 8 is radiation pattern when the microstrip slot antenna switch of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention is in pattern two
(only having taken one of frequency point)；
Fig. 9 is radiation pattern when the microstrip slot antenna switch of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention is in pattern three
(only having taken one of frequency point)；
Figure 10 is radiation pattern when the microstrip slot antenna switch of directional diagram reconstructable of the present invention is in pattern four
(only having taken one of frequency point).
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, a kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable, comprising medium substrate 13,
Feeding network 15 and earth plate 14 this three-decker；The top layer of the medium substrate 13 is feeding network 15, and bottom is ground connection
Plate 14；The earth plate 14 is to include four rotational symmetry and spaced radiating slot unit 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and four
It is arranged on rectangular slot 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D of radiating slot cell end；The feeding network 15 is included positioned at center of antenna
Square microband paste 8, four switches, the microstrip coupled minor matters of four " L " types, four low-pass filters, described four " L " types are micro-
Band coupling minor matters are microstrip line 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, attach to square by switching 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D respectively counterclockwise
Four sides of microband paste 8 set a low-pass filter in each microstrip coupled minor matters end of " L " type, and the low-pass filter is used
In the conducting and disconnection of control switch, change the operating mode of antenna.
The control circuit schematic diagram of the present embodiment duplexer is illustrated in figure 5, from fig. 5, it is seen that the feedback of antenna
The T-shape circuit of one blocking galvanic electricity of addition is also needed at electricity, this is used with commercialized T-shape circuit.The antenna
Feed to be distributing point square-shaped metal patch 8 connect microstrip line 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D respectively by switching, feed port connection
In the central point of square microband paste 8.
Four low-pass filters are specially the identical switch bias circuits of structure, in opening for the first microstrip line 4A ends
It closes in biasing circuit comprising inductor 9A, capacitor 10A, conduction minor matters 6A and metallic vias 7A；The conduction minor matters 6A packets
Include the first conductive minor matters and the second conductive minor matters；Described first conductive minor matters are connected to the first microstrip line 4A ends by inductor 9A
End, and draw metal column 11A in the first conductive minor matters end；Described second conductive minor matters are conductive by capacitor 10A and first
The middle part connection of minor matters, and it is across medium substrate to open up metallic vias 7A, the metallic vias 7A in the second conductive minor matters
13 and earth plate 14；In the switch bias circuits of the first microstrip line 4A ends, inductor 9A is used as gripping for high-frequency current
Stream circle, high-frequency current is kept off in microstrip coupled minor matters, can not be flowed into conductive minor matters 6A；The capacitor 10A has logical high-frequency electrical
The effect of flow resistance low-frequency current by the high-frequency current of inductance 9A, will flow to antenna through metallic vias 7A by the capacitor and connect
Floor so that high-frequency current and low-frequency current thoroughly separate, and so as to which DC current be made not had an impact to high-frequency current, avoid
New resonance is generated, ensure that the performance that antenna originally has well.
Likewise, inductor 9B, capacitor 10B, conductive minor matters are included in the switch bias circuits of microstrip line 4B ends
6B and metallic vias 7B is 11B in the metal column that the end of the first conductive minor matters of conductive minor matters 6B is drawn；In microstrip line
Comprising inductor 9C, capacitor 10C, conduction minor matters 6C and metallic vias 7C in the switch bias circuits of 4C ends, in conduction
The metal column that the end of the conductive minor matters of the first of minor matters 6C is drawn is 11C；It is wrapped in the switch bias circuits of microstrip line 4D ends
9D containing inductor, capacitor 10D, conduction minor matters 6D and metallic vias 7D, at the end of the first conductive minor matters of conductive minor matters 6D
The metal column that end is drawn is 11D；The structure of four switch bias circuits and the capacitance of capacity cell, the electricity of inductance element
Inductance value all same.
In the present embodiment, to make antenna structure compact, and DC power control is facilitated to switch, it is identical in four structures
Switch bias circuits in draw the identical metal column of four root architectures, i.e. metal column 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, both pass through medium base
Plate 13 and earth plate 14, and connect with DC power supply；For four metal columns is made not contacted with earth plate 14, on earth plate 14
Four circular troughs 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are opened up, the diameter of this four circular troughs is all higher than the diameter of passed through metal column.
In the present embodiment, the size of the microstrip slot antenna of the directional diagram reconstructable is 50mm × 50mm；
The dielectric constant of the medium substrate 13 is 3.5, and the feeding network 15 and earth plate 14 are by medium base
The upper and lower part of plate etches to obtain；
The switch is diode switch, can also use mems switch or fet switch.
The length of side of the square microband paste 8 is 4mm, can provide sufficient space for welding diode switch；Institute
The width for stating four microstrip coupled minor matters of " L " type is 2mm；
Four radiating slots unit 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D structure is identical, is rectangular-shaped, the length of 0.15 λ0, it is wide
It spends for 0.029 λ0, wherein λ0Centered on free space corresponding to frequency 5.8GHz wavelength；
Four rectangular slots 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D structure is identical, the length of 8.4mm, width 4mm；It is and rectangular
One end of shape slot narrow side and the narrow side of radiating slot unit are close, and distance is 2mm；The other end narrow side of rectangular slot directly connects
The edge of antenna is connect, open state is presented.
In the present embodiment, using rectangular slot, it is therefore intended that realize the end-fire effect of antenna.Radiating slot unit is swashed
" 8 " font radiation up and down is presented in the antenna pattern of antenna when encouraging, in order to realize directed radiation, respectively in each radiating slot list
The end of member opens up rectangular slot；When rectangular slot is located at radiating slot cell end, the antenna pattern of antenna will court
The direction of rectangular slot opening tilts, this is because when radiating slot unit is energized, two long sides of oblong openings slot
It will generate and sense electric current, and current direction, on the contrary, far-field radiation is cancelled out each other, radiating slot unit is lacked due to earth plate
It falls into, changes the distribution situation of original electric current and change so as to cause the radiation direction of antenna, the radiation direction of antenna will be to
The one side for being provided with rectangular slot tilts.By adjusting the length of oblong openings slot and width and rectangular slot and radiating slot list
The distance between member can realize that radiating slot unit adds the mode of open slot to realize the directed radiation of antenna.Therefore, next
It can select excitation radiation slot element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D.So that the directional diagram of antenna is radiated towards different directions, from
And existing antenna radiation pattern is restructural.
In the present embodiment, DC offset voltage is controlled by Digital Electronic Technique, four diode switches of control are led
On and off is opened, to realize the switching of antenna different working modes；In four diode switches 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, control is wherein
The conducting of a diode switch and it is three when disconnecting other, realize four kinds of operating modes of antenna.
Pattern one：When switch 5A is connected, and switchs 5B, 5C, 5D disconnection, the first operating mode is realized；Pattern two：When
When switching 5B to connect, and switching 5A, 5C, 5D disconnection, second of operating mode is realized；Pattern three：When switch 5C connections, and switch
When 5A, 5B, 5D are disconnected, the third operating mode is realized；Pattern four：It is real when switch 5D is connected, and switchs 5A, 5B, 5C disconnection
Existing 4th kind of operating mode；
As shown in Figure 6, in the present embodiment restructural microstrip slot antenna in pattern one, pattern two, pattern three, pattern four
Reflectance factor is almost consistent, has good impedance matching, can thus not have to replace communication system setting adaptation antenna
Working band.Under a Frequency point of system, the restructural directional diagram microstrip slot antenna is equal under different operating modes
It can work, the four kinds of patterns and the situation of change of directional diagram which realizes are as follows：
Pattern one：Antenna is in end-fire state, and greatest irradiation is appeared at (phi=0 °, theta=90 °), in 5.8GHz
When S11=-30dB.The horizontal plane radiation pattern of antenna in this mode is as shown in Figure 7.
Pattern two：Antenna is in end-fire state, and greatest irradiation is appeared at (phi=90 °, theta=90 °),
S11=-23dB during 5.8GHz.The horizontal plane radiation pattern of antenna in this mode is as shown in Figure 8.
Pattern three：Antenna is in end-fire state, and greatest irradiation is appeared at (phi=180 °, theta=90 °),
S11=-18dB during 5.8GHz.The horizontal plane radiation pattern of antenna in this mode is as shown in Figure 9.
Pattern four：Antenna is in end-fire state, and greatest irradiation is appeared at (phi=270 °, theta=90 °),
S11=-20dB during 5.8GHz.The horizontal plane radiation pattern of antenna in this mode is as shown in Figure 10.
In the present embodiment, by adjusting the square length of side of microband paste and the length of the microstrip coupled minor matters of " L " type
And width so that antenna has preferable impedance matching, and minimum reflectance factor reaches -25dB, can realize that antenna is more effective
Radiation.Using coupling feed way, the bandwidth of antenna is expanded in certain degree so that the bandwidth of antenna can cover
The frequency band of required work；The working frequency of the microstrip slot antenna of the present embodiment is 5.6GHz-5.9GHz, and bandwidth is covered for 300MHz
5.725-5.875 frequency range in ISM band is covered, in working frequency range, antenna can realize the front and rear four direction than more than 8dB
Directional diagram reconstructable, and antenna average gain is about 4dBi.Therefore the microstrip antenna of the present embodiment meets small size, structure letter
Single directional diagram reconstructable requirement compact, impedance bandwidth is wide and directional diagram controllable degrees of freedom is big.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable, which is characterized in that including medium substrate (13), feeding network
(15) and earth plate (14) three-decker；The top layer of the medium substrate (13) is feeding network (15), and bottom is earth plate
(14)；The earth plate (14) includes radiating slot unit and the rectangular slot for being arranged on radiating slot cell end, the spoke
It penetrates slot element and rectangular slot is used to implement the directed radiation of antenna；The feeding network (15) includes square microband paste
(8), switch, the microstrip coupled minor matters of four " L " types and low-pass filter, the microstrip coupled minor matters of described four " L " types pass through
Switch is connected to square microband paste, and a low-pass filter, the low pass are set in each microstrip coupled minor matters end of " L " type
Wave filter changes the operating mode of antenna for controlling the conducting and disconnection of switch.
2. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radiating slot list
Member for four rotational symmetry and spaced radiating slot unit (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D), radiating slot unit (1A, 1B,
1C, 1D) end sets rectangular slot (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) respectively；The square microband paste (8) is positioned at center of antenna；Institute
Four microstrip coupled minor matters of " L " type are stated as microstrip line (4A, 4B, 4C, 4D), are attached to respectively by switching (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D)
Four sides of square microband paste, the switch are diode switch.
3. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the microstrip line
(4A, 4B, 4C, 4D) end is respectively arranged with the identical low-pass filter of structure, and the low-pass filter is switch bias circuits,
In the switch bias circuits of the first microstrip line (4A) end comprising inductor (9A), capacitor (10A), conductive minor matters (6A),
And metallic vias (7A)；The conduction minor matters (6A) include the first conductive minor matters and the second conductive minor matters, and described first is conductive
Minor matters and the second conductive minor matters are connected by capacitor (10A)；Described first conductive minor matters are connected to first by inductor (9A)
Microstrip line (4A) end, and draw the first metal column (11A) in the first conductive minor matters end；Described second conductive minor matters pass through electricity
Container (10A) is connect with the middle part of the first conductive minor matters, and opens up metallic vias (7A), the metal in the second conductive minor matters
Via (7A) is across medium substrate (13) and earth plate (14)；Switch bias circuits in the first microstrip line (4A) end
In, high-frequency current is kept off in microstrip coupled minor matters, can not flow into conductive minor matters by the choke coil of inductor (9A) as high-frequency current
In (6A)；The capacitor (10A) is for by by the high-frequency current of inductance (9A), by the capacitor through metallic vias (7A)
Antenna ground plate is flowed to, so as to which high-frequency current and low-frequency current thoroughly be separated.
4. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that identical in four structures
Switch bias circuits in draw the identical metal column of four root architectures (11A, 11B, 11C, 11D), the metal column both passes through Jie
Matter substrate (13) and earth plate (14), and connect with DC power supply；For four metal columns is made not contacted with earth plate (14),
Four circular troughs (3A, 3B, 3C, 3D) are opened up on earth plate (14), the diameter of four circular troughs is all higher than passed through gold
Belong to the diameter of column.
5. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the medium substrate
(13) dielectric constant is 3.5, and the feeding network (15) and earth plate (14) are by the upper and lower part of medium substrate
Etching obtains.
6. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that pros' shaped microstrip
The length of side of patch is 4mm；The width of the microstrip coupled minor matters of described four " L " types is 2mm, and length is 17.96mm.
7. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that four radiating slots
Gap unit (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D) structure is identical, is rectangular-shaped, the length of 0.15 λ0, width is 0.029 λ0, wherein λ0For in
The wavelength of free space corresponding to frequency of heart 5.8GHz.
8. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that four rectangles
Slot (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) structure is identical, the length of 8.4mm, width 4mm；And one end and the radiation of rectangular slot narrow side
The narrow side of slot element is close, and distance is 2mm；The other end narrow side of rectangular slot is directly connected to the edge of antenna, and presentation is opened
Mouth state.
9. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that by adjusting rectangle
The distance between the length and width and rectangular slot of slot and radiating slot unit, so as to fulfill the directed radiation of antenna.
10. the microstrip slot antenna of directional diagram reconstructable according to claim 2, which is characterized in that pass through digital and electronic
Technical controlling DC offset voltage controls the conducting and disconnection of four diode switches；Four diode switches (5A, 5B,
5C, 5D) in, one of diode switch is controlled to be connected and three when disconnecting other, realize four kinds of Working moulds of antenna
Formula.
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