CN108232064A - A kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system - Google Patents

A kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108232064A
CN108232064A CN201711409337.8A CN201711409337A CN108232064A CN 108232064 A CN108232064 A CN 108232064A CN 201711409337 A CN201711409337 A CN 201711409337A CN 108232064 A CN108232064 A CN 108232064A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
temperature control
safeguard structure
lithium battery
battery system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711409337.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐铭
张彦辉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tianjin Lishen Special Power Supply Technology Co Ltd
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Tianjin Lishen Special Power Supply Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tianjin Lishen Special Power Supply Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Tianjin Lishen Special Power Supply Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201711409337.8A priority Critical patent/CN108232064A/en
Publication of CN108232064A publication Critical patent/CN108232064A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/654Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system provided by the invention, including:The closing battery babinet of upper cover and housing composition, it is arranged on the battery bleed outlet of upper cover, the internally disposed one or more single batteries of the Battery case, the pole of the single battery is drawn by upper cover, the single battery surrounding gap forms filling space, the filling space is used for filled composite heat-absorbing material, wherein, the filling space is divided into two or more cavitys in the length direction of the single battery, wherein at least it is located at battery bleed outlet and/or the cavity at battery electrode column position is arranged to enclosed construction, for preventing compound heat-absorbing material from being moved around after being fused into liquid.When thermal runaway occurs for individual monomers battery in battery pack, the rising of battery temperature can be effectively controlled, reduces energy of releasing, the sprawling of lithium ion battery thermal runaway can be effectively prevented, the influence of lithium ion battery thermal runaway is decreased to minimum, greatly improves the safety of Li-ion batteries piles.

Description

A kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology field, lithium ion battery thermal runaway and chain reaction are prevented more particularly to a kind of Structure.
Background technology
With worldwide energy crisis and global warming, the mankind there is an urgent need to a kind of completely new energy, and lithium from Sub- battery is paid close attention to and is paid attention to by the mankind since its is environmentally protective, has the characteristics that higher output energy.
Lithium ion battery is a kind of high-energy battery grown rapidly over nearly twenties years.With other secondary cell phases It is excellent to have that voltage is high, higher than energy, power is high, have extended cycle life, working range is wide, environmental pollution is small etc. than, lithium ion battery Gesture.The not only extensive use on movement, communication equipment, but also gradually it is applied to electric vehicle, electric bicycle and electronic work In the Large Electrics equipment such as tool.
But since the energy density of lithium battery is high, especially as electrical source of power or the large-scale lithium battery group of energy storage device When using or storing, individual monomers cell malfunctions cause thermal runaway to be easy to generation chain reaction later and cause whole group Battery catches fire burns, and electrical equipment and surrounding enviroment is caused greatly to damage, there are larger hidden danger in safety.To making User and periphery personnel bring serious economic loss and life threat.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome drawbacks described above existing for known technology, and provides a kind of lithium battery The temperature control safeguard structure of system solves in the battery pack individual monomers battery because thermal runaway occurs for situations such as overcurrent, short circuit, open circuit When, the rising of battery temperature can be effectively controlled, reduces energy of releasing, the sprawling of lithium ion battery thermal runaway can be effectively prevented, it will The influence of lithium ion battery thermal runaway is decreased to minimum, greatly improves the safety of Li-ion batteries piles.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and the temperature control of a kind of lithium battery system provided according to the present invention is prevented Protection structure, including:The closing battery babinet of upper cover and housing composition is arranged on the battery bleed outlet of upper cover, the Battery case Internally disposed one or more single battery, the pole of the single battery is drawn by upper cover, between the single battery surrounding Gap forms filling space, and the filling space is used for filled composite heat-absorbing material, wherein, the filling space is in monomer electricity The length direction in pond is divided into two or more cavitys, wherein at least positioned at battery bleed outlet and/or battery electrode column portion The cavity of position is arranged to enclosed construction, for preventing compound heat-absorbing material from being moved around after being fused into liquid.
Using more than structure, compound heat-absorbing material can be cured, ensure battery and graininess or powdered met While heat-absorbing material comprehensive engagement, ensure contact position after liquefaction, while particle or powdered compound heat absorption material can be prevented Material or material move around after being fused into liquid, and influencing battery pack insulation performance and compound heat-absorbing material and other may contact Component, the relevant Chemical Physics of component generation arrived is reacted.
The present invention can also take following technical scheme further to realize:
The temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the enclosed construction is by box body, panel construction part or branch Support structure part is formed.
The temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the enclosed construction by with sealing performance can be into The material of the type or film forming package compound heat-absorbing material is formed.
The temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, described plastic or film forming material is glue, paint, oil Lipid, plasticity capsule class or mixed hardening class material.
Preferably, the temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the enclosed construction is by porous spongy material Material has the function of that the material package of the waterproof and breathable cotton compound heat-absorbing material is formed.When compound heat-absorbing material becomes in high temperature It can be adsorbed onto inside sponge during for liquid, prevent fluid loss.Sponge can be penetrated when compound heat-absorbing material becomes gaseous state It is discharged into the external world.
The temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the compound heat-absorbing material includes weight percent 90%~100% phase-change material and 0~10% Heat Conduction Material.
Preferably, the temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the phase change material exists for phase transition temperature 70 DEG C~100 DEG C of inorganic hydrated salt class material.
Further, the temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the phase change material is 12 hydrations Alum or Monoaluminum monoammonium disulfate Dodecahydrate barium hydroxide octahydrate;The Heat Conduction Material is boron nitride, aluminium nitride, fluorocarbons Or carbon nanotube.
In conclusion the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system provided by the invention, solves when individual monomers in battery pack When thermal runaway occurs for situations such as battery is because of overcurrent, short circuit, open circuit, the rising of battery temperature can be effectively controlled, reduces energy of releasing, The sprawling of lithium ion battery thermal runaway can be effectively prevented, the influence of lithium ion battery thermal runaway is decreased to minimum, is greatly improved The safeties of Li-ion batteries piles.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and preferred embodiment, structure, feature and its effect of the present invention are described in further detail. It should be noted that embodiment is only the explanation to present inventive concept, and the limitation to protection scope of the present invention is not it.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system provided by the invention, including:Upper cover 1 and housing 2 The closing battery babinet of composition, is arranged on the battery bleed outlet 3 of upper cover 1, and the Battery case is internally disposed one or more single Body battery 4, the pole 5 of the single battery are drawn by upper cover, and the single battery surrounding gap forms filling space, described Space is filled for filled composite heat-absorbing material 6, as shown in FIG., compound heat-absorbing material be filled in close to battery bleed outlet and/ Or the position of battery electrode column, and the compound composition of heat-absorbing material 6 enclosed construction 7 is wrapped up by breaking fluid sealant, prevent compound heat absorption material Material moves around after being fused into liquid.
Above-mentioned enclosed construction can also be answered by other plastic or film forming material packages with sealing performance are described It closes heat-absorbing material to form, such as paint, grease type, plasticity capsule class or mixed hardening class material.
Above-mentioned enclosed construction can also be made of box body, panel construction part or supporting structure.
Preferably, above-mentioned enclosed construction can also be wrapped up by porous spongy material or the material with waterproof and breathable cotton The compound heat-absorbing material is formed.When compound heat-absorbing material can be adsorbed onto in spongy material when high temperature becomes liquid Portion prevents fluid loss.The external world can be discharged into when compound heat-absorbing material becomes gaseous state through the spongy material.
Using more than structure, compound heat-absorbing material can be cured, ensure battery and graininess or powdered met While heat-absorbing material comprehensive engagement, ensure contact position after liquefaction, while particle or powdered compound heat absorption material can be prevented Material or material move around after being fused into liquid, and influencing battery pack insulation performance and compound heat-absorbing material and other may contact Component, the relevant Chemical Physics of component generation arrived is reacted.
Present embodiment can be realized further by following structure:
The temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, Wherein, the compound heat-absorbing material includes the phase-change material and 0~10% Heat Conduction Material of weight percent 90%~100%. When thermal runaway occurs for Individual cells, particle or powdered compound heat-absorbing material absorb the cell heat to break down, and absorb heat material Material own temperature can change, and when the solid-liquid phase change temperature for reaching heat-absorbing material, compound heat-absorbing material is changed stepwise by solid-state as liquid State, the compound heat-absorbing material of solid-liquid transformation process can maintain a fixed temperature, while can largely absorb fail battery Heat.When the liquid-gas phase transition temperature for reaching heat-absorbing material, compound heat-absorbing material is changed stepwise by liquid as gaseous state, liquid-gas turn The compound heat-absorbing material of change process can maintain a fixed temperature, while can largely absorb the heat of fail battery.Therefore Thermal runaway will delay or terminate after barrier cell heat is absorbed.So as to be controlled battery thermal runaway and chain reaction.
Preferably, the temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the phase change material exists for phase transition temperature 70 DEG C~100 DEG C of inorganic hydrated salt class material.For example, the phase change material is 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium or 12 hydrations Alum barium hydroxide octahydrate.When thermal runaway occurs for Individual cells, particle or powdered compound heat-absorbing material absorb hair The cell heat of raw failure, the crystallization water in inorganic hydrated salt class phase transformation material abjection molecule in compound heat-absorbing material form water Solution.The aqueous solution can extinguish battery thermal runaway it is more violent when cells burst flame.The gas for preventing inside battery from erupting The secondary heat release that volumetric combustion generates.So as to avoid the chain reaction generated to surrounding other battery high-temperatures burning.
The temperature control safeguard structure of aforementioned lithium battery system, wherein, the Heat Conduction Material is boron nitride, aluminium nitride, fluorine Change carbon or carbon nanotube.
By taking above-described embodiment as an example, the course of work of the present invention is illustrated:
When thermal runaway occurs for Individual cells, the heat that battery generates can increase the battery temperature, and electrolyte inside is steamed Hair, diaphragm decompose, the gradually aerogenesis such as positive and negative polar decomghtion.Inside battery high temperature and high pressure gas can directly flow to oral area of releasing Position is transmitted to the compound heat-absorbing material of battery ambient by single battery housing.Liquid is formed after compound heat-absorbing material heat absorption very To gas, the heat of inside battery can be largely shifted.After inside battery heat scatters and disappears, internal temperature rising eases up or declines, Thermal runaway, which will be alleviated, even to be terminated.Once thermal runaway is more violent, corresponding compound heat-absorbing material is unable to control heating rate, electricity Pond, which is released, even burns.Compound heat-absorbing material can avoid burning heat production with the flame in the range of extinguishing after heat-absorbing liquefaction.By Compound heat-absorbing material is fixed near battery bleed outlet, prevents by the mobility after the fusing of compound heat-absorbing material, the present embodiment It is lost in after liquefaction, it is impossible to play the role of fire extinguishing.
It should be noted that since inside battery heat is unevenly distributed weighing apparatus, it can be on demand by compound heat-absorbing material packet Each position of battery is rolled in, such as can be cured by above mentioned porous spongy material to meeting heat-absorbing material, While ensureing battery and graininess or powdered compound heat-absorbing material comprehensive engagement, ensure contact position after liquefaction, in battery It can make fray-out of flame when burning.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, every technical solution according to the present invention to above example into Capable any simple modification and equivalents, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system, including:The closing battery babinet of upper cover and housing composition, is arranged on The battery bleed outlet of lid, the internally disposed one or more single batteries of the Battery case, the pole of the single battery pass through Upper cover is drawn, and the single battery surrounding gap forms filling space, and the filling space is used for filled composite heat-absorbing material, It being characterized in that, the filling space is divided into two or more cavitys in the length direction of the single battery, wherein The cavity for being located at least in battery bleed outlet and/or battery electrode column position is arranged to enclosed construction, for preventing compound heat absorption material Material moves around after being fused into liquid.
2. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the enclosed construction is by box Body, panel construction part or supporting structure are formed.
3. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the enclosed construction is by having There are the plastic of sealing performance or the material of film forming to wrap up the compound heat-absorbing material and form.
4. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described plastic or film forming Material be glue, paint, grease type, plasticity capsule class or mixed hardening class material.
5. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the enclosed construction is by more Hole spongy material has the function of that the material package of the waterproof and breathable cotton compound heat-absorbing material is formed.
6. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that institute State phase-change material and 0~10% Heat Conduction Material that compound heat-absorbing material includes weight percent 90%~100%.
7. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the phase change material is Inorganic hydrated salt class material of the phase transition temperature at 70 DEG C~100 DEG C.
8. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the phase change material is 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium or Monoaluminum monoammonium disulfate Dodecahydrate barium hydroxide octahydrate.
9. the temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the Heat Conduction Material is Boron nitride, aluminium nitride, fluorocarbons or carbon nanotube.
CN201711409337.8A 2017-12-22 2017-12-22 A kind of temperature control safeguard structure of lithium battery system Pending CN108232064A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109216628A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-15 固德电材系统(苏州)股份有限公司 A kind of battery pack isolating device and battery pack
CN110433419A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-11-12 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Lithium electric heating uncontrolled fire inhibits capsule and lithium ion battery
CN112421177A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-02-26 澳大利亚国家电力储能控股有限公司 Honeycomb battery box with adsorbent layer
CN113196550A (en) * 2018-07-30 2021-07-30 凯尊创新有限公司 Housing for rechargeable battery
US11127996B2 (en) 2019-01-04 2021-09-21 Industrial Technology Research Institute Fireproof battery module and fireproof layer
CN113646960A (en) * 2020-06-18 2021-11-12 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Battery pack and electric vehicle
CN113825790A (en) * 2019-05-15 2021-12-21 3M创新有限公司 (Co) polymer matrix composite comprising thermally conductive particles and heat sink particles and method for preparing same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103642364A (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-03-19 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Heat-insulation phase-change coating and preparation method thereof
CN105552446A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-05-04 苏州安靠电源有限公司 Battery fixture having temperature control protection function and high-capacity battery pack
CN106329027A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-01-11 天津力神特种电源科技股份公司 High-safety lithium ion battery pack
CN106839849A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-13 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 A kind of thermal storage device based on phase-change material and the mobile heat-storing device including the thermal storage device
CN206695657U (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-12-01 平湖阿莱德实业有限公司 A kind of long-distance transmissions with heat bridge effect store heat radiation structure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103642364A (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-03-19 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Heat-insulation phase-change coating and preparation method thereof
CN105552446A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-05-04 苏州安靠电源有限公司 Battery fixture having temperature control protection function and high-capacity battery pack
CN106329027A (en) * 2016-11-07 2017-01-11 天津力神特种电源科技股份公司 High-safety lithium ion battery pack
CN106839849A (en) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-13 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 A kind of thermal storage device based on phase-change material and the mobile heat-storing device including the thermal storage device
CN206695657U (en) * 2017-05-18 2017-12-01 平湖阿莱德实业有限公司 A kind of long-distance transmissions with heat bridge effect store heat radiation structure

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113196550A (en) * 2018-07-30 2021-07-30 凯尊创新有限公司 Housing for rechargeable battery
CN109216628A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-15 固德电材系统(苏州)股份有限公司 A kind of battery pack isolating device and battery pack
US11127996B2 (en) 2019-01-04 2021-09-21 Industrial Technology Research Institute Fireproof battery module and fireproof layer
CN113825790A (en) * 2019-05-15 2021-12-21 3M创新有限公司 (Co) polymer matrix composite comprising thermally conductive particles and heat sink particles and method for preparing same
CN110433419A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-11-12 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Lithium electric heating uncontrolled fire inhibits capsule and lithium ion battery
CN113646960A (en) * 2020-06-18 2021-11-12 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Battery pack and electric vehicle
WO2021253330A1 (en) * 2020-06-18 2021-12-23 东莞新能安科技有限公司 Battery pack and electric vehicle
US12009542B2 (en) 2020-06-18 2024-06-11 Dongguan Poweramp Technology Limited Battery pack and electric vehicle
CN112421177A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-02-26 澳大利亚国家电力储能控股有限公司 Honeycomb battery box with adsorbent layer
CN112421177B (en) * 2020-12-04 2023-08-22 澳大利亚国家电力储能控股有限公司 Honeycomb body battery box with adsorbent layer

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Application publication date: 20180629