CN108222057B - A kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base - Google Patents
A kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base Download PDFInfo
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- CN108222057B CN108222057B CN201810008848.7A CN201810008848A CN108222057B CN 108222057 B CN108222057 B CN 108222057B CN 201810008848 A CN201810008848 A CN 201810008848A CN 108222057 B CN108222057 B CN 108222057B
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- bucket base
- type bucket
- offshore type
- suction tube
- offshore
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/06—Placing concrete under water
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of digging-free construction methods of offshore type bucket base, offshore type bucket base is installed using suction tube technology, without excavating installation offshore type bucket base, offshore type bucket base is formed directly in sea bed or riverbed, the fast and safe construction of offshore type bucket base is realized, and the surrounding enviroment of offshore type bucket base construction site are influenced small；The soil body in the present invention in offshore type bucket base directly carries out the improved treatment of the soil body in bucket base without excavating by throwing the methods of block stone, slip casting, is conducive to the construction period for shortening basis.The block stone of throwing has the function of the self weight for being compacted offshore type bucket base blade foot, increasing offshore type bucket base, is conducive to the globality and stability that improve offshore type bucket base.Offshore type bucket base is open type bucket base in the present invention, and the batch production and installation of Yi Shixian large scale bucket base can be applied to the oceans such as major port, breakwater, cofferdam and island construction project.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the offshore type basic technology field of ocean geotechnical engineering more particularly to a kind of offshore type bucket bases
Digging-free construction method.
Background technique
With the strategic plan of China construction ocean power and Development of Marine economy, for the ability for improving marine resources development
The paces developed with quickening ocean regional economy, China has pushed coastline protection, harbour to build energetically, important island is built,
The progress of all kinds of ocean engineerings such as offshore engineering and marine engineering, offshore type bucket base have all played important in these engineerings
Effect.
Currently, offshore type bucket base be widely used in Offshore Oil Industry production platform basis, wind tower basis,
The engineerings such as breakwater basis, harbour or harbour shore protection, man-made island island wall and shore protection, cofferdam, the structure shape of offshore type bucket base
Formula is broadly divided into suction type barrel shape structure and open type barrel shape structure.
Offshore suction type bucket base mainly uses steel drum with cover, it is desirable that staving itself has good air-tightness, leads to
The mode for crossing the application negative pressure into bucket completes the installation on basis, inhales in the production platform of Offshore Oil Industry and wind tower engineering
The construction technology of power formula bucket base is highly developed.The bucket base conduct of offshore suction type is made using airtightness concrete
The extension of traditional suction type bucket base engineering technology is gradually applied in the engineerings such as breakwater, harbour or harbour shore protection, ginseng
See [Gao Zhiwei, Li Ya, Gao Shufei, prosperous Xu's country fair breakwater engineering barrel type basic constructional design [J] the marine traffic engineering of tribute, 2015
(02): 224-229.] and [Chen Haoqun, Li Wu new structure in the port engineering of Lianyun Harbour application [J] marine traffic engineering,
2013(10):83-88.].Offshore suction type bucket base is convenient and quick with installation, saves the duration, utilizes sea bed or river
Bed soil effectively reduces the advantages that backfill earth volume.But the suction bucket main body air-tightness requirement of offshore suction type bucket base
Height, bucket base restricted diameter system, batch production difficulty are big.
Open type barrel shape structure mainly uses open steel drum, it is general using the method sinking steel drum for excavating or not excavating into
The installation of row bucket base.Wherein, the construction method for excavating sinking is mainly used in offshore type barrel shape coffered foundation, general to use
Water jetting sinking barrel shape cofferdam；The construction method for not excavating sinking is mainly used in offshore type barrel shape man-made island island wall and shore protection,
General use rushes vibration method sinking barrel shape man-made island island wall and shore protection.Open type bucket base has basis compared with suction type bucket base
The advantages that diameter is big, and manufacture craft is simple, can be mass-produced.But the sinking installation of traditional open type bucket base is generally deposited
The problems such as longer in construction period, construction technical requirement is high, the inclination of offshore type bucket base or difficult sinking, using under water jetting
Heavy bucket base is also faced with the risk that quicksand occurs in sinking watching.
Therefore, the mass production of large scale offshore type bucket base how is realized, and fast and safe construction is to need to solve
Important Problems certainly.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of constructions of the digging-free of offshore type bucket base
Method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of digging-free construction of offshore type bucket base
Method, method includes the following steps:
(1) offshore type bucket base bottom be arranged offshore type bucket base blade foot, by offshore type bucket base lift to
Installation region, suction tube is installed into offshore type bucket base, and suction tube is placed in above offshore type bucket base blade foot；
(2) offshore type bucket base and suction tube uniformly sink under Gravitative Loads, complete to offshore type bucket base blade foot
Enter after sea bed or riverbed entirely, is vacuumized from suction tube top vent hole, soil of the suction tube offshore type bucket base bottom
Body sucks in cylinder, and offshore type bucket base and suction tube will uniformly sink；
(3) until offshore type bucket base is sunk down at designed elevation, stop vacuumizing to suction tube top vent hole；
(4) block stone is uniformly thrown to the gap between offshore type bucket base and suction tube, and by logical at the top of suction tube
Stomata high-pressure gas injection into suction tube, joint loop wheel machine slowly lift by crane suction tube upwards；By in the slow lifting process of suction tube, continue
Block stone is uniformly thrown to the gap between offshore type bucket base and suction tube；
(5) when suction tube bottom surface and the surface layer of sea bed or riverbed are apart from certain altitude, stop the high pressure injection into suction tube
Gas, and air pressure in slow release suction tube；When air pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure in suction tube, continues through loop wheel machine and slowly lift by crane upwards
Suction tube, and continue the gap between offshore type bucket base and suction tube and uniformly throw block stone；Throw the final height of block stone
Spend the bottom surface absolute altitude equal to the steel lid top plate of offshore type bucket base or the concrete roof of offshore type bucket base；By suction tube
Completely after lifting, it is spare to hang construction site；
(6) the steel lid top plate of offshore type bucket base or the concrete roof of offshore type bucket base are performed, to offshore type
After the completion of bucket base top plate, the construction of offshore type bucket base is finished, and carries out superstructure installation.
Further, in the step (1), setting horizontal annular steel plate above the offshore type bucket base blade foot, one
On the other hand offshore type bucket base main body and offshore type bucket base blade foot junction can be improved for supporting suction tube in aspect
Strength and stiffness.
Further, in the cavity that the horizontal annular steel plate that the offshore type bucket base blade foot and its top are arranged is constituted
Slip casting forms injecting cement paste, for improving the self weight of offshore type bucket base, and increases the stability of offshore type bucket base.
Further, in the step (1), the internal diameter of the suction tube is greater than setting above offshore type bucket base blade foot
Horizontal annular steel plate internal diameter；Rubber ring is installed in suction tube bottom and horizontal annular steel plate junction, guarantee suction tube with from
It is tightly connected between bank formula bucket base, prevents suction tube leak gas leakage in sinking watching.
Further, in the step (5), the suction tube bottom surface is with sea bed or riverbed surface layer distance a by suction tube
The soil body is determined with suction medial wall of the tube unit height frictional resistance f, suction float buoyancy F in interior atmospheric pressure value P and suction tube, usually
A=n (P-F)/f, wherein n is safety coefficient.
Further, the volume of the suction tube is greater than the soil discharge quantity that offshore type bucket base sinks down into designed elevation.
Further, the suction tube inner tube wall smears mould oil, convenient for its sinking and removal, and guarantees sinking and removal
Air-tightness in the process.
Further, when basis of the offshore type bucket base as important building, structures or equipment, to improve
The rigidity and stability on basis can transfer Grouting Pipe along suction tube outer cylinder, carry out between the soil body to suction tube bottom and block stone
Slip casting, to reinforce the soil body in offshore type bucket base.
Further, the offshore type bucket base is applied to breakwater, the island wall of man-made island, harbour shore protection or cofferdam
When, without offshore type bucket base top plate is performed, offshore type bucket base main body is connect into the up to water surface or more, while returning into bucket
It bankets or slip casting.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, offshore type bucket base is installed using suction tube technology in the present invention, without excavating installation offshore type barrel shape
Basis forms offshore type bucket base directly in sea bed or riverbed, realizes the fast and safe construction of offshore type bucket base,
Construction cost and duration have been saved, traditional offshore open type bucket base common engineering of sinker technique when excavating has been avoided and asks
Topic (such as inclination of offshore type bucket base, offset, the super excavation in offshore type bucket base bottom, quicksand), and to offshore type barrel shape
The surrounding enviroment in foundation construction place influence small；The digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base provided by the invention safely may be used
It leans on, is convenient and efficient, there is wide future in engineering applications.
2, the soil body in the present invention in offshore type bucket base is without excavating, directly by throwing the methods of block stone, slip casting
The improved treatment for carrying out the soil body in bucket base is conducive to shorten the construction period on basis, saves construction cost.
3, in the present invention block stone thrown have compacting offshore type bucket base blade foot, increase offshore type bucket base from
The effect of weight is conducive to the globality and stability that improve offshore type bucket base.
4, offshore type bucket base is open type bucket base in the present invention, and the batch of Yi Shixian large scale bucket base is raw
It produces and installs, can be applied to the oceans such as major port, breakwater, cofferdam and island construction project.
5, in the present invention suction tube as offshore type bucket base install machinery can Reusability, when there is the identical offshore of multiple groups
When formula bucket base needs to install, the construction of offshore type bucket base can be carried out in batches；When offshore type bucket base base circle
Internal diameter be less than suction tube, and offshore type bucket base sink soil discharge quantity be less than suction tube volume when, can be repeated for such phase
Like the offshore type bucket base engineering of structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is top view when a kind of offshore type bucket base of the present invention uses steel lid top plate；
Fig. 2 is side view when a kind of offshore type bucket base of the present invention uses steel lid top plate；
Fig. 3 is top view when a kind of offshore type bucket base of the present invention uses concrete roof；
Fig. 4 is side view when a kind of offshore type bucket base of the present invention uses concrete roof；
Fig. 5 (a) is offshore type bucket base, the interior suction tube and rubber ring schematic diagram installed of offshore type bucket base；
Fig. 5 (b) is that suction tube venthole vacuumizes and suction tube sucks offshore type bucket base bottom soil body in cylinder and shows
It is intended to；
Offshore type bucket base is sunk down into designed elevation for suction tube by Fig. 5 (c)；
Fig. 5 (d) be by venthole into suction tube high-pressure gas injection, lift by crane suction tube upwards, to offshore type bucket base
Uniformly throw block stone schematic diagram in gap between suction tube；
Fig. 5 (e) is the steel lid top plate schematic diagram for performing offshore type bucket base；
Fig. 5 (f) is the concrete roof schematic diagram for performing offshore type bucket base；
In figure, offshore type bucket base 1, offshore type bucket base main body 1-1, offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2, slip casting
Body 1-3, steel lid top plate 2, steel deck-plate 2-1, bolt 2-2, suction tube 3, top vent hole 3-1, rubber ring 4, the soil body 5, block stone 6,
Concrete roof 7.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Picture 1-4, shown in Fig. 5 (a), the offshore type bucket base 1 in the present embodiment includes offshore type bucket base main body
1-1 and offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2；In 1 bottom of offshore type bucket base, offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2, institute are set
It states and horizontal annular steel plate is set above offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2, on the one hand for supporting suction tube 3, on the other hand may be used
Improve the strength and stiffness of offshore type bucket base main body 1-1 and the junction offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2；The offshore type
Slip casting in the cavity that the horizontal annular steel plate that bucket base blade foot 1-2 and its top are arranged is constituted, forms injecting cement paste 1-3, is used for
The self weight of offshore type bucket base 1 is improved, and increases the stability of offshore type bucket base 1；Offshore type bucket base 1 is lifted
To installation region, suction tube 3 is installed into offshore type bucket base 1, suction tube 3 is placed on offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2
Side；The internal diameter of suction tube 3 is greater than the internal diameter for the horizontal annular steel plate being arranged above offshore type bucket base blade foot 1-2；Suction tube 3
Rubber ring 4 is installed in bottom and horizontal annular steel plate junction, guarantees to be tightly connected between suction tube 3 and offshore type bucket base 1,
Prevent 3 leak gas leakage of suction tube in sinking watching；The volume of suction tube 3 is greater than offshore type bucket base 1 and sinks down into designed elevation
Soil discharge quantity；3 inner tube wall of suction tube smears mould oil, convenient for its sinking and removal, and guarantees to sink and the gas during removal
Close property.
As shown in Fig. 5 (b), offshore type bucket base 1 and suction tube 3 uniformly sink under Gravitative Loads, to offshore type bucket
After type basis blade foot 1-2 is completely into sea bed or riverbed, vacuumized from 3 top vent hole 3-1 of suction tube, suction tube 3 from
The soil body 5 of 1 bottom of bank formula bucket base sucks in cylinder, and offshore type bucket base 1 and suction tube 3 will uniformly sink.
As shown in Fig. 5 (c), until offshore type bucket base 1 is sunk down at designed elevation, stop to 3 top of suction tube
Venthole 3-1 is vacuumized.
As shown in Fig. 5 (d), block stone 6 is uniformly thrown to the gap between offshore type bucket base 1 and suction tube 3, and pass through
3 top vent hole 3-1 high-pressure gas injection into suction tube 3 of suction tube, joint loop wheel machine slowly lift by crane suction tube 3 upwards；By suction tube 3
In slow lifting process, block stone 6 is uniformly thrown in the gap continued between offshore type bucket base 1 and suction tube 3；Work as suction tube
When 3 bottom surfaces and the surface layer of sea bed or riverbed are apart from certain altitude, stop the high-pressure gas injection into suction tube 3, and slow release suction
Air pressure in cylinder 3；3 bottom surface of suction tube is with sea bed or riverbed surface layer distance a by atmospheric pressure value P and suction tube 3 in suction tube 3
The soil body 5 determines with 3 inner sidewall unit height frictional resistance f of suction tube, suction float buoyancy F, usually a=n (P-F)/f, wherein n
For safety coefficient.When air pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure in suction tube 3, continues through loop wheel machine and slowly lift by crane suction tube 3 upwards, and continue
Block stone 6 is uniformly thrown to the gap between offshore type bucket base 1 and suction tube 3；The final height for throwing block stone 6 is equal to offshore
The bottom surface absolute altitude of the concrete roof 7 of the steel lid top plate 2 or offshore type bucket base 1 of formula bucket base 1；Suction tube 3 is complete
After lifting, it is spare to hang construction site；
As shown in Fig. 5 (e), the steel lid top plate 2 of offshore type bucket base 1 is performed, steel lid top plate 2 is by steel deck-plate 2-1 and spiral shell
Bolt 2-2 composition, or as shown in Fig. 5 (f), the concrete roof 7 of offshore type bucket base 1 is performed, to offshore type bucket base
After top plate completion, the construction of offshore type bucket base is finished, and carries out superstructure installation.
When basis of the offshore type bucket base 1 as important building, structures or equipment, to improve the rigid of basis
Degree and stability can transfer Grouting Pipe along 3 outer cylinder of suction tube, carry out slip casting between the soil body 5 and block stone 6 of 3 bottom of suction tube,
To reinforce the soil body in offshore type bucket base 1.
When the offshore type bucket base 1 is applied to breakwater, the island wall of man-made island, harbour shore protection or cofferdam, Wu Xushi
Do offshore type bucket base top plate, offshore type bucket base main body 1-1 connect into the up to water surface or more, at the same into bucket backfill or
Slip casting.
The technical principle of the invention is described above in combination with a specific embodiment.These descriptions are intended merely to explain of the invention
Principle, and shall not be construed in any way as a limitation of the scope of protection of the invention.Based on the explanation herein, the technology of this field
Personnel can associate with other specific embodiments of the invention without creative labor, these modes are fallen within
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
(1) offshore type bucket base blade foot (1-2) is set in offshore type bucket base (1) bottom, by offshore type bucket base (1)
Lifting installs suction tube (3) into offshore type bucket base (1), suction tube (3) is placed in offshore type bucket base to installation region
Above blade foot (1-2)；
(2) offshore type bucket base (1) and suction tube (3) uniformly sink under Gravitative Loads, to offshore type bucket base blade foot
It after (1-2) is completely into sea bed or riverbed, is vacuumized from suction tube (3) top vent hole (3-1), suction tube (3) is offshore
In the soil body (5) the sucking cylinder of formula bucket base (1) bottom, offshore type bucket base (1) and suction tube (3) will uniformly sink；
(3) until offshore type bucket base (1) is sunk down at designed elevation, stop to suction tube (3) top vent hole (3-1)
It vacuumizes；
(4) block stone (6) are uniformly thrown to the gap between offshore type bucket base (1) and suction tube (3), and passes through suction tube
(3) top vent hole (3-1) combines loop wheel machine and slowly lifts by crane suction tube (3) upwards to suction tube (3) interior high-pressure gas injection；By suction
For cylinder (3) slowly in lifting process, block stone is uniformly thrown in the gap continued between offshore type bucket base (1) and suction tube (3)
(6)；
(5) when suction tube (3) bottom surface and the surface layer of sea bed or riverbed are apart from certain altitude, stop to suction tube (3) interior high pressure
Gas injection, and slow release suction tube (3) interior air pressure；When being equal to atmospheric pressure to suction tube (3) interior air pressure, it is slow to continue through loop wheel machine
Lifting suction tube (3) upwards, and continue the gap between offshore type bucket base (1) and suction tube (3) and uniformly throw block stone
(6)；The final height for throwing block stone (6) is equal to the steel lid top plate (2) or offshore type bucket base of offshore type bucket base (1)
(1) the bottom surface absolute altitude of concrete roof (7)；After suction tube (3) completely lifting, it is spare to hang construction site；
(6) the steel lid top plate (2) of offshore type bucket base (1) or the concrete roof (7) of offshore type bucket base (1) are performed,
After the completion of offshore type bucket base top plate, the construction of offshore type bucket base is finished, and carries out superstructure installation.
2. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly in (1), the offshore type bucket base (1) includes offshore type bucket base main body (1-1) and offshore type bucket base blade foot
(1-2)；Horizontal annular steel plate is set above the offshore type bucket base blade foot (1-2), on the one hand for supporting suction tube
(3), the strong of offshore type bucket base main body (1-1) and the junction offshore type bucket base blade foot (1-2) on the other hand can be improved
Degree and rigidity.
3. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: it is described from
Slip casting in the cavity that the horizontal annular steel plate that bank formula bucket base blade foot (1-2) and its top are arranged is constituted, forms injecting cement paste (1-
3), for improving the self weight of offshore type bucket base (1), and increase the stability of offshore type bucket base (1).
4. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly in (1), the internal diameter of the suction tube (3) is greater than the horizontal annular steel plate being arranged above offshore type bucket base blade foot (1-2)
Internal diameter；Suction tube (3) bottom and horizontal annular steel plate junction installation rubber ring (4), guarantee suction tube (3) and offshore type bucket
It is tightly connected between type basis (1), prevents suction tube in sinking watching (3) leak gas leakage.
5. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
Suddenly in (5), suction tube (3) bottom surface is with sea bed or riverbed surface layer distance a by the interior atmospheric pressure value P of suction tube (3) and suction tube
(3) the interior soil body (5) determines with suction tube (3) inner sidewall unit height frictional resistance f, suction float buoyancy F.
6. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the suction
The volume of power cylinder (3) is greater than the soil discharge quantity that offshore type bucket base (1) sinks down into designed elevation.
7. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the suction
Power cylinder (3) inner tube wall smears mould oil, convenient for its sinking and removal, and guarantees to sink and the air-tightness during removal.
8. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is described from
When basis of the bank formula bucket base (1) as important building, structures or equipment, for the rigidity and stability for improving basis,
Grouting Pipe is transferred along suction tube (3) outer cylinder, carries out slip casting between the soil body (5) and block stone (6) of suction tube (3) bottom, to
Reinforce offshore type bucket base (1) interior soil body.
9. a kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is described from
Bank formula bucket base (1) is applied to breakwater, the island wall of man-made island, harbour shore protection or when cofferdam, without performing offshore type barrel shape
Offshore type bucket base (1) is connect the up to water surface or more by base roof plate, while backfill or slip casting into bucket.
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| CN201810008848.7A CN108222057B (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2018-01-04 | A kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base |
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| CN201810008848.7A CN108222057B (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2018-01-04 | A kind of digging-free construction method of offshore type bucket base |
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| US20220316170A1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-10-06 | Subsea 7 Norway As | Subsea Foundations |
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| CN111042120A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-21 | 浙江大学城市学院 | High-sensitivity anti-skid bored pile foundation for soft soil area and construction method of high-sensitivity anti-skid bored pile foundation |
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| CN205314125U (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-06-15 | 山东科技大学 | Can strengthen novel suction anchor of withdrawal resistance |
| CN107119709A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-01 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of oblique skirt-type suction basis suitable for soft soil foundation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20220316170A1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2022-10-06 | Subsea 7 Norway As | Subsea Foundations |
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