CN108217954B

CN108217954B - Method for preventing wetland sewage system from being silted up by utilizing animal movement dredging matrix

Info

Publication number: CN108217954B
Application number: CN201711394377.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王旭; 李梓钰; 李滨; 李建涛; 李达毅; 苏娇
Original assignee: Hainan University
Current assignee: Hainan University
Priority date: 2017-12-21
Filing date: 2017-12-21
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-21
Also published as: CN108217954A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preventing a wetland sewage system from being clogged by dredging a substrate through animal activities, which utilizes the characteristics of wide ingestion range, high growth speed, strong adaptability and strong tolerance to polluted environment of Procambarus clarkii, likes the habit of holing in underwater sludge for survival and life, and is used for dredging the substrate to achieve the purpose of preventing the wetland sewage system from being clogged through the life activities.

Description

Method for preventing wetland sewage system from being silted up by utilizing animal movement dredging matrix

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of constructed wetland dredging and aquaculture, in particular to a method for preventing a wetland sewage system from being blocked by dredging a substrate through animal activities.

Background

The artificial wetland sewage treatment system is a technology for treating sewage and sludge by using the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic action of soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms in the process of flowing along a certain direction by using sewage and sludge which are controllably delivered to the artificially constructed wetland from the artificially constructed and controlled-operation ground similar to the marshland. The constructed wetland sewage treatment system can generate the phenomenon of filler clogging in the using process, and the efficacy of the constructed wetland is greatly limited. At present, for the clogging problem of the artificial wetland filler, a method for pretreating inflow water is mostly adopted. After the wetland is blocked, a better treatment method is not provided except for a method for replacing the filler. The method has the advantages of large workload, high cost and destructive effect on a stable microorganism system formed in the wetland.

The crayfish grow generally between 7-13 cm (distance from eye to tail fan), and are thick and strong with a deep red shell. The shrimp body is divided into a head part and a chest part and a belly part, wherein the head part is provided with 5 pairs of appendages, 2 pairs of tentacles are developed, the chest part is provided with 8 pairs of appendages, the last 5 pairs of tentacles are footings, the first 3 pairs of footings are all chela, the No. 1 pair is developed specially and is similar to the chela of crabs, and particularly, the shrimp is more prominent with male shrimps. The abdomen is shorter, 6 pairs of appendages, the first 5 pairs of swim limbs and underdeveloped limbs, the last pair of tail limbs and the tail joint are combined into a tail fan, and the tail fan is developed. The female shrimps of the same age are larger than the male shrimp individuals. The male shrimp has 1 pair of slender stick-shaped male appendages on the inner side of the 2 nd ventral leg, and the female shrimp does not have the appendages. The procambarus clarkii has the characteristics of wide ingestion range, high growth speed and strong adaptability, can be well adapted to the environment of the artificial wetland, and is liked to survive and live in the underwater silt by digging a hole.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for preventing the wetland sewage system from being clogged by dredging the substrate through animal activities.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a method for preventing the fouling of sewage system in wet land features that the animal (Procambarus clarkii) is used to dredge the substrate.

A method for preventing a wetland sewage system from being silted up by utilizing animal activity dredging substrates comprises the following implementation steps:

step 1: arranging anti-escape walls around a sewage treatment system such as a wetland to be set, and arranging isolation nets at a water inlet and a water outlet;

step 2: putting Procambrus clarkii fries which are strong in vitality and have no damage to the appearance and appendages in the middle ten days of 4 months after the plants in the wet land grow stably;

and step 3: within three days of putting the shrimp larvae, adding bait which is 1.67-2.67 percent of the weight of the shrimps; and keeping the water level to rise by 5 cm to 10 cm within 7 days of putting the shrimp larvae.

And 4, step 4: after the procambarus clarkii is mature, the procambarus clarkii is caught by the oyster, so that the density of the shrimps in the wetland is reduced.

Further, in the step 1, the escape-proof wall is a polyethylene net, the isolation net is a polyethylene mesh cloth, and meshes of the polyethylene mesh cloth are less than 10 meshes.

Furthermore, in the step 1, the escape-proof wall is supported and fixed above the enclosing wall at the periphery of the wetland through the timber piles, the spacing between the supporting timber piles is 0.5-1.5 m, the water depth in the wetland needs to be kept at 20-30 cm, and the water depth needs to be kept at 30-40 cm after the air temperature is reduced to below 10 ℃.

Further, in the step 2, the stocking density of the Procambarus clarkii fry is 3000-.

Further, in the step 4, the capture period of the procambarus clarkii is three to four months.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) according to the invention, the procambarus clarkia is introduced, so that a wetland ecosystem is perfected, the biological composition in the artificial wetland is expanded, and the wetland operation effect is enhanced;

2) according to the invention, through the life activities of the procambarus clarkii, the wetland substrate is dredged, the effective porosity is increased, the service life of the substrate is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the artificial wetland is reduced;

3) according to the invention, the economic output of the constructed wetland is increased by breeding Procambarus clarkii;

4) the invention also reduces the disturbance and damage of the dredging substrate to the constructed wetland after the clogging.

Detailed Description

For clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the present invention, it is obvious that the inventor combines the embodiments to describe, but the following embodiments describe only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

step 1: arranging anti-escape walls around a sewage treatment system such as a wetland, wherein the anti-escape walls are arranged at a water inlet and a water outlet, the anti-escape walls are polyethylene nets, the isolation nets are polyethylene net cloths, meshes of the net cloths are less than 10 meshes, and the setting method of the anti-escape walls comprises the following steps: inserting wood piles with the height of 45 cm around the artificial wetland, wherein the interval between the wood piles is about 0.5-1.5 m, sewing polyethylene mesh cloth on the outer side of each wood pile, and the corners of the wetland are arc-shaped; the method for arranging the separation net of the water inlet and the water outlet comprises the following steps: covering the water inlet and outlet with polyethylene mesh cloth, and pressing four sides around to prevent crayfish from escaping;

step 2: after the plants in the wet land in the wetland grow stably, putting the Procambrus clarkii fries which are strong in activity and have no damage to the appearance and the appendages in the middle ten days of 4 months, wherein the stocking density of the fries is 3000 plus 5000 tails/mu, the stocking specification is 180 plus 220 tails/Kg, and the stocking ratio of the fries to the male and female parts is 1.5-2: 1;

And 4, step 4: after the Procambarus clarkii is mature, the Procambarus clarkii is caught by the oyster, the density in the wetland is reduced, and the catching period of the Procambarus clarkii is three to four months.

Furthermore, in the step 1, the water depth in the wetland needs to be kept at 20-30 cm, and the water depth needs to be kept at 30-40 cm after the air temperature is reduced to below 10 ℃.

Examples 1-4, comparative examples 1-4 were designed according to the parameters in table 1:

examples 1 to 4, comparative examples 1 to 4:

table 1:

in the same place and under the same hydrothermal condition, an artificial wetland is averagely divided into 8 test areas with equal area, the artificial wetland is managed for 1 year according to examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4, and the test results are shown in tables 2 and 3:

table 2 crayfish harvest:

table 3, wetland water quality conditions:

	unit of	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Comparative example 3	Comparative example 4
										COD	mg/L	40.2	39.9	39.4	40.1	41.3	42.0	41.1	40.9
BOD₅	mg/L	4.7	4.9	4.6	5.2	5.4	5.8	5.3	5.8
										SS	mg/L	11.8	11.3	10.9	12.4	12.6	12.5	12.8	12.6
TN	mg/L	7.3	7.5	7.0	7.5	7.9	8.2	7.8	7.9
										TP	mg/L	0.70	0.68	0.65	0.72	0.75	0.74	0.78	0.77

Besides the monitoring of the yield and the water quality of the prawns, a tracing experiment method is adopted for testing in order to solve the matrix condition and the sewage retention time in the artificial wetland. Tracer substances such as sodium chloride and dye (cationic red) are added into the sewage, the hydraulic retention time and the internal condition of the matrix can be known through monitoring the effluent of eight artificial wetlands under different conditions, and the blocking degree of the matrix is estimated. Compared with the comparative example, the experimental example has the advantages that the hydraulic retention time is closer to the preset value, the blockage degree of the matrix is smaller, the purpose of the invention design can be met, and the service life of the matrix is prolonged.

Through the experiments, the relevant parameters disclosed in the method for preventing the fouling of the wetland sewage system by utilizing the animal activity dredging matrix can obtain about 74kg of Procambarus clarkii grown prawns with the average gram weight of more than 27.6g after 1 year, and the wetland sewage treatment system can operate well and has excellent wetland water quality after one year. Wherein, in the wetland water body, the chemical oxygen demand is below 40.2mg/L, the biochemical oxygen demand is below 5.2mg/L, the suspended matters in the water are below 12.4mg/L, the total nitrogen content in the water body is below 7.5mg/L, and the total phosphorus content is below 0.72 mg/L.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A method for preventing the fouling of a wetland sewage system by utilizing an animal activity dredging matrix is characterized in that the animal is Procambarus clarkii; the method comprises the following implementation steps:

step 1: arranging anti-escape walls around a wetland to be provided with a sewage treatment system, and arranging isolation nets at a water inlet and a water outlet; the anti-escape wall is supported and fixed above the enclosing wall at the periphery of the wetland through the timber piles, the spacing between the supporting timber piles is 0.5 to 1.5 meters, the water depth in the wetland needs to be kept at 20 to 30 centimeters, and the water depth needs to be kept at 30 to 40 centimeters after the air temperature is reduced to below 10 ℃;

step 2: putting the Procambrus clarkii fries which are strong in vitality and have no damage to the appearance and appendages in the middle ten days of 4 months after the plants in the wet land grow stably; the stocking density of the procambarus clarkii fry is 3000 plus 5000 tails/mu, the stocking specification is 180 plus 220 tails/kg, and the male-female ratio of the stocking shrimp fry is 1.5-2: 1;

and step 3: feeding for 1 time every day after 1-3 days of putting the shrimp seeds, adding bait which is 1.67-2.67% of the weight of the shrimp every time, and keeping the water level to rise by 5 cm-10 cm within 7 days of putting the shrimp seeds;

and 4, step 4: after the Procambarus clarkii are mature, the Procambarus clarkii are fished, and the density of the shrimps in the wetland is reduced.

2. The method for preventing the fouling of the wetland sewage system by utilizing the animal activity dredging substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the escape-preventing wall is a polyethylene net, the separation net is a polyethylene net cloth, and the mesh of the polyethylene net cloth is less than 10 meshes.

3. The method for preventing the fouling of wetland sewage systems by using the animal activity dredging substrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the capture period of Procambarus clarkii is three to four months.