CN108217226B

CN108217226B - Machinery is used in warehouse feeding

Info

Publication number: CN108217226B
Application number: CN201711470277.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宏伟; 刘丹
Original assignee: Rizhao Xuan Mdt Infotech Ltd
Current assignee: Rizhao Xuan Mdt Infotech Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-29
Filing date: 2017-12-29
Publication date: 2020-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-29
Also published as: CN111099395B; CN111099396A; CN108217226A; CN111099396B; CN111099395A

Abstract

The invention discloses a machine for feeding a warehouse, which belongs to the field of warehouse machines and is characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding conveyer belt, a rope roller, a hopper frame and a first motor; the rope roller is arranged at the top of the warehouse and comprises a winding drum, a rope, a base and a gear box; the winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope is wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope hangs down from the winding drum and is used for connecting a hopper; the gear box is positioned at one end of the winding drum. Compared with the prior art have the characteristics of avoiding goods to break and dust pollution.

Description

Machinery is used in warehouse feeding

Technical Field

The invention relates to a storage machine, in particular to a machine suitable for feeding a warehouse.

Background

When a warehouse is fed, especially a large warehouse (such as a granary, a mine, a port, a pharmaceutical factory, etc.) storing powdery or granular goods, it is common that the goods are fed by a belt, the end of which is located at the top of the warehouse, and then the goods fall freely from the end of the belt. The efficiency and the automation degree of the feeding mode are higher, for a large warehouse, the position of the conveyor belt is higher in order to increase the stacking height of the goods, and for some goods which are afraid of falling, the goods falling from the too high position are easy to break; in addition, some goods, particularly mineral goods, easily generate dust when falling from a high place, and the falling height of the goods can be properly reduced, so that the damage to the goods or the generation of the dust can be effectively reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical task of the invention is to provide a machine for feeding a cargo bin, aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: the utility model provides a machinery is used in storehouse feeding which characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding conveyer belt, a rope roller, a hopper frame and a first motor; the rope roller is arranged at the top of the warehouse and comprises a winding drum, a rope, a base and a gear box; the winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope is wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope hangs down from the winding drum and is used for connecting a hopper; the gearbox is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a shell and an internal structure of the shell, the shell comprises a hollow cylindrical structure which is defined by a box cover and one side plate of the winding drum, and the box cover is a cylindrical shell structure which is coaxial with the winding drum and has an opening at the inner end; the spindle is arranged at the axes of the winding drum and the gear box, the spindle is fixedly connected with the box cover, and the winding drum can rotate around the spindle; the base is fixedly connected with the main shaft or the box cover; the gear box is internally provided with a gear, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a box body; an inner gear is arranged at the edge of the outer side face of the side plate where the gear box is located, the fixing plate is located in the cavity of the inner gear and close to the inner side, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; a first gear meshed with the internal gear is also arranged in the cavity of the internal gear; a second gear coaxial with the first gear is arranged on the outer side of the first gear, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than that of the first gear; the wheel shaft where the first gear and the second gear are located is fixedly connected with the first gear and is rotationally connected with the second gear, namely the second gear can freely rotate around the shaft where the second gear is located, a circular cavity is formed in the second gear, an internal meshing ratchet mechanism is arranged in the circular cavity, ratchets are arranged on the side wall of the circular cavity, a disc is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft where the second gear is located, and the disc is connected with the ratchets; a third gear meshed with the second gear is arranged beside the second gear, wherein the diameter of the third gear is smaller than that of the second gear; the outer side of the third gear is fixedly connected with a fourth gear which is coaxial with the third gear, wherein the diameter of the fourth gear is larger than that of the third gear; a fifth gear meshed with the fourth gear is arranged beside the fourth gear, wherein the diameter of the fifth gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear; the two ends of the wheel axle where the first gear, the second gear and the third gear and the fourth gear are located are respectively connected with the fixed plate and the box cover, wherein the wheel axle where the first gear and the second gear are located is in a rotatable connection mode; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the fifth gear is located is fixedly connected with a box cover, the inner side of the wheel shaft is fixedly provided with a flat cylindrical hollow box body coaxial with the fifth gear, a rotating block is arranged in the box body, a shaft where the fifth gear is located is a secondary shaft, the secondary shaft penetrates through a hole in the middle of the rotating block, the rotating block can rotate around the secondary shaft, the rotating block is connected with the side wall of the box body through a first spring, a connection point between the first spring and the box body is located in front of the rotating direction of the rotating block, and the box body pulls the rotating block to rotate under the action of the first spring during rotation; a bar-shaped cavity is arranged in the middle of the rotating block along the radial direction of the box body, a first sliding block is arranged in the cavity, and the first sliding block can slide along the radial direction; the inner wall of the box body is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole is positioned at a corresponding position on the inner side of the first sliding block, a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first sliding block in the direction, and the cylindrical structure penetrates through the inner wall of the box body from the strip-shaped hole and is exposed out of the box body; the strip-shaped hole is in an Archimedes spiral shape, wherein one end close to the first spring is closer to the minor axis, and the other end far away from the first spring is farther from the minor axis; the extending end of the cylindrical structure is hinged with one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a sliding groove rod; the sliding chute rod is matched and connected with the rocker, one side of the rocker is provided with teeth to form a rack structure, one side of the rocker opposite to the teeth is provided with a protruding structure extending towards the inner side and the outer side respectively, so that the rocker forms a T-shaped section, and the sliding chute rod is provided with a sliding chute adaptive to the T-shaped section, so that the rocker can freely slide along the length direction of the sliding chute rod; the rack structure of the rocker is meshed with the sixth gear, the chute rod is hinged with a wheel shaft where the sixth gear is located, a balance weight is arranged at one end, far away from the sixth gear, of the rocker, and the sixth gear is meshed with the seventh gear; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the seventh gear is located extends out of the box cover, a hand wheel is arranged at the extending end, a second spring is arranged between the hand wheel and the box cover, and the hand wheel and the seventh gear are ejected outwards under the action of the second spring; a fixture block capable of being inserted into the seventh gear is arranged on the inner side of the box cover, the seventh gear is outwards ejected in a natural state, and the fixture block is clamped into the seventh gear, so that the seventh gear cannot rotate; a reel gear is fixedly arranged on the reel side plate, a motor gear meshed with the reel gear is arranged on the first motor, and the reel is driven to rotate reversely under the action of the first motor, so that the rope can be quickly retracted; the lower end of the rope is divided into a plurality of strands which are respectively fixedly connected with the periphery of the hopper; the periphery of the hopper is provided with a horizontal hopper edge extending outwards; the bottom of the hopper is provided with a vertical supporting rod, the upper end of the supporting rod is hinged with the hopper, wherein the hinged position is positioned at the edge position of the bottom of the hopper, and the lower end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a horizontal seat; a first switch is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and at a position corresponding to the support rod, and the first motor can be started after the first switch is triggered; the tail end of the feeding conveying belt is positioned below the rope roller, and the hopper frame is positioned below the tail end of the feeding conveying belt; the hopper frame comprises a frame body, a balance weight rod, a T-shaped frame, an L-shaped frame and a linkage rod, the frame body is fixed on a wall or other structures of a warehouse, the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame are respectively positioned at two sides of a path through which the hopper passes when the hopper vertically moves, the middle parts of the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame are respectively hinged with the frame body, and the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame respectively comprise a horizontal plate and a vertical rod; on the T-shaped frame, the lower end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the middle position of the horizontal plate to form an inverted T-shaped structure; the upper end of a vertical rod on the L-shaped frame is hinged with the outer end of the upper end of the horizontal plate to form an L-shaped structure, the upper end of a vertical rod on the T-shaped frame is connected with the lower end of the vertical rod on the L-shaped frame through a linkage rod, two ends of the linkage rod are respectively hinged with the two vertical rods, and the two vertical rods and the linkage rod are positioned at one side of the motion track of the hopper to prevent the hopper from colliding with the linkage rod; the hinging part of the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame is provided with a torsion spring, and the two horizontal plates can keep a horizontal state in a natural state under the elastic action of the torsion spring; the outer end of the counterweight rod is hinged with the frame body, the inner end of the counterweight rod is positioned on the outer end of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped frame, the counterweight block is arranged on the counterweight rod, and the counterweight block falls on the frame body in a natural state and can be lifted up when the inner end of the T-shaped frame deflects upwards; the T-shaped frame horizontal plate is characterized in that a second switch and a third switch are respectively arranged below the outer end and the inner end of the T-shaped frame horizontal plate, the second switch or the third switch can be triggered when the T-shaped frame horizontal plate deflects up and down respectively, the second switch is used for controlling the closing of a first motor and the starting of a feeding conveying belt, and the third switch is used for controlling the closing of the feeding conveying belt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. the device can slowly fall, so that the goods are prevented from being broken or excessive dust is prevented from being generated;

2. the slow descending speed can be adjusted to adapt to different cargos;

3. the automation degree is high, and the manpower is saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the rope roll.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the rope roll.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the gear box of the rope roll.

Fig. 5 is a developed view of the respective structures in the rope roller gear box.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the rope roll of fig. 6 taken along the direction a-a.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of example 3.

Fig. 9 is a top view of the lever in embodiment 3.

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of example 4.

Fig. 11 is a front view of the second slider and the third slider in embodiment 4.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a second slider and a fourth slider in embodiment 4.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of example 5.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of example 6.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

Example 1 is suitable for the case where the entrance aperture is relatively small, particularly for pit storage, and includes a feed conveyor belt 37, a rope roller 33, a hopper 38, a hopper frame, and a first motor 36, as shown in fig. 1 to 5.

The rope roller 33 is installed on the top of the warehouse and has a structure as shown in fig. 2 to 5, and the rope roller 33 comprises a winding drum, a rope 4, a base 7 and a gear box. For convenience of description, the direction toward the spool in the gear box is set as the inner side, and the opposite direction is set as the outer side.

The winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates 5 fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope 4 is wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope 4 hangs down from the winding drum and is used for being connected with the hopper 38. The gearbox is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a shell and an internal structure of the shell, the shell comprises a hollow cylindrical structure which is surrounded by a box cover 3 and one side plate 5 of the winding drum, and the box cover 3 is a cylindrical shell structure which is coaxial with the winding drum and has an opening at the inner end. The reel and the gear box are provided with a spindle 6 at the axis, the spindle 6 is fixedly connected with the box cover 3, and the reel can rotate around the spindle 6. The base 7 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 6 or the box cover 3.

The gear box is internally provided with gears, a connecting rod 25, a rocker 29, a fixed plate 9 and a box body 17.

An inner gear 8 is arranged at the edge of the outer side face of the side plate 5 where the gear box is located, the fixing plate 9 is located in the position close to the inner side in the cavity of the inner gear 8, and the fixing plate 9 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 6. A first gear 14 meshed with the internal gear 8 is further arranged in the cavity of the internal gear 8. The second gear 10 which is coaxial with the first gear 14 is arranged on the outer side of the first gear 14, and the diameter of the second gear 10 is larger than that of the first gear 14. The wheel shafts of the first gear 14 and the second gear 10 are fixedly connected with the first gear 14 and are rotatably connected with the second gear 10, namely the second gear 10 can freely rotate around the shaft where the second gear is located, a circular cavity is formed in the second gear 10, an internal meshing ratchet mechanism is arranged in the circular cavity, ratchets 12 are arranged on the side wall of the circular cavity, a disc 13 is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft where the second gear 10 is located, and the disc 13 is connected with a pawl 11. And a third gear 16 meshed with the second gear 10 is arranged beside the second gear 10, wherein the diameter of the third gear 16 is smaller than that of the second gear 10. The outer side of the third gear 16 is fixedly connected with a fourth gear 15 which is coaxial with the third gear 16, wherein the diameter of the fourth gear 15 is larger than that of the third gear 16. And a fifth gear 18 meshed with the fourth gear 15 is arranged beside the fourth gear 15, wherein the diameter of the fifth gear 18 is smaller than that of the fourth gear 15. The first gear 14, the second gear 10, the third gear 16 and the fourth gear 15 are respectively connected with the fixing plate 9 and the case cover 3 at two ends of a wheel shaft, wherein the wheel shaft of the first gear 14 and the second gear 10 is in a rotatable connection mode, and the connecting modes of the shafts of the third gear 16 and the fourth gear 15 can be in a rotatable connection mode or a fixed connection mode. The outer side end of the wheel shaft where the fifth gear 18 is located is fixedly connected with the box cover 3, the inner side of the wheel shaft is fixedly provided with a flat cylindrical hollow box body 17 coaxial with the fifth gear 18, a rotating block 20 is arranged in the box body 17, the shaft where the fifth gear 18 is located is a secondary shaft 19, the secondary shaft 19 penetrates through a hole in the middle of the rotating block 20, the rotating block 20 can rotate around the secondary shaft 19, the side wall of the rotating block 20 is connected with the side wall of the box body 17 through a first spring 24, and a connection point between the first spring 24 and the box body 17 is located in front of the rotating direction of the rotating block 20, namely the box body 17 pulls the rotating block 20 to rotate under the action of the first spring 24 during rotation. The middle of the rotating block 20 is provided with a bar-shaped cavity along the radial direction of the box body 17, a first sliding block 23 is arranged in the cavity, and the first sliding block 23 can slide along the radial direction. Be equipped with bar hole 21 on the box body 17 inner wall, bar hole 21 is located the inboard corresponding position of a

slider

23, 23 inboard side direction on fixed connection cylindrical structure 22 of a slider, cylindrical structure 22 pass box body 17 inner wall from bar hole 21, expose in the box body 17. The strip-shaped hole 21 is in an Archimedes spiral shape, wherein one end close to the first spring 24 is closer to the minor axis 19, and the other end far away from the first spring 24 is farther from the minor axis 19. Through the effect of bar hole 21 and cylindrical structure 22, when No. one spring 24 shortens, No. one slider 23 is close to secondary shaft 19, and when No. one spring 24 extends, No. one slider 23 keeps away from secondary shaft 19.

The extending end of the cylindrical structure 22 exposed out of the box body 17 is hinged with one end of a connecting rod 25, and the other end of the connecting rod 25 is hinged with a chute rod 26. The chute rod 26 is matched and connected with the rocker 29, one side of the rocker 29 is provided with teeth to form a rack structure, one side of the rocker 29 opposite to the teeth is provided with a protruding structure extending towards the inner side and the outer side respectively to enable the rocker 29 to form a T-shaped section, and the chute rod 26 is provided with a chute matched with the T-shaped section, so that the rocker 29 can freely slide along the length direction of the chute rod 26. The rack structure of the rocker 29 is meshed with the sixth gear 28, the chute rod 26 is hinged with the wheel shaft where the sixth gear 28 is located, a counterweight 27 is arranged at one end of the rocker 29, which is far away from the sixth gear 28, and the sixth gear 28 is meshed with the seventh gear 30. The outer side end of the wheel shaft where the seventh gear 30 is located extends out of the box cover 3, the extending end is provided with a hand wheel 1, a second spring 2 is arranged between the hand wheel 1 and the box cover 3, and the hand wheel 1 and the seventh gear 30 are ejected outwards under the action of the second spring 2. A fixture block 31 capable of being inserted into the seventh gear 30 is arranged on the inner side of the box cover 3, the seventh gear 30 is outwards ejected in a natural state, and the fixture block 31 is clamped into the seventh gear 30, so that the seventh gear 30 cannot rotate; when the hand wheel is used, the hand wheel 1 is pushed inwards to separate the seventh gear 30 from the clamping block 31, so that the seventh gear 30 can be rotated by rotating the hand wheel 1.

The rope roller 33 works on the following principle: when the hopper 38 connected with one end of the rope 4 falls, the winding drum is driven to rotate, the winding drum sequentially drives the first to fifth gears 18 and the box body 17 to rotate through the inner gear 8 on the outer side surface of the winding drum, the box body 17 drives the chute rod 26 and the rocker 29 to swing through the connecting rod 25, the gravity of an object is transmitted by the gears and then acts on the chute rod 26 through the connecting rod 25, the rocker 29 is driven to swing through the chute rod 26, when a certain acting force acts on the chute rod 26 and the rocker 29 through the connecting rod 25, the rocker 29 swings at a constant period, the gears also rotate at a stable speed, and therefore the hopper 38 on the rope 4 can slowly fall at a constant speed without free falling motion.

In the present invention, the speed at which the rocker 29 oscillates is proportional to the power of one half of its force, so that the relationship between the speed v at which the hopper 38 falls and its weight G is:

it can be seen that the weight of the hopper 38 has less influence on the falling speed of the hopper 38, i.e. the falling speeds of two hoppers 38 with different weights do not differ too much when they fall through the present invention, and the difference is further reduced by the action of the box 17. When the weight of the hopper 38 is larger, the falling speed of the hopper is correspondingly increased, meanwhile, the stretching amount of the first spring 24 is larger, the rotating block 20 drives the first sliding block 23 to move towards the direction away from the first spring 24, the first sliding block 23 is pushed towards the direction away from the secondary shaft 19 under the action of the strip-shaped hole 21, the first sliding block 23 rotates around the secondary shaft 19, the rotating radius of the first sliding block 23 is increased after the first sliding block 23 is away from the secondary shaft 19, the acting force of the first sliding block 23 on the connecting rod 25 is relatively reduced due to the unchanged moment, and the swinging amplitude of the rocker 29 is increased after the radius of the first sliding block 23 is increasedLarge, and because the acting force of the connecting rod 25 on the chute rod 26 and the rocker 29 is reduced, the swing period of the chute rod 26 and the rocker 29 is increased, so that the falling speed of the hopper 38 is reduced, and the part of the hopper 38 with the increased falling speed caused by the increased weight is offset; similarly, when the weight of the hopper 38 is smaller, the falling speed is correspondingly reduced, the stretching amount of the first spring 24 is smaller, the rotating radius of the first slider 23 is increased, the acting force on the connecting rod 25 is also reduced, the swinging period of the rocker 29 can be reduced, the falling speed of the hopper 38 is increased, and the part with the small falling speed caused by the weight reduction of the hopper 38 is offset. The hopper 38 can therefore maintain a substantially equal drop velocity regardless of the weight by the action of the box 17 and its internal structure.

In the invention, the function of the hand wheel 1 and the first spring 24 is to adjust the falling speed of the hopper 38, the hand wheel 1 is rotated to drive the seventh gear 30 to rotate, the rocker 29 is driven to move along the length direction by the sixth gear 28 and the rack on the rocker 29, when the rocker 29 and the counterweight 27 move, the position of the gravity center of the rocker 29 can be changed, mainly the distance between the gravity center of the rocker 29 and the axis of the sixth gear 28, the change of the distance between the gravity center of the rocker 29 and the axis of the sixth gear 28 can change the swing period of the rocker 29, specifically, the distance is increased, the change period is increased, the distance is reduced, and the swing period is reduced, so that the falling speed of the hopper 38 can be. Different drop rates may be provided depending on the nature of the load in the hopper 38, for example, the drop rate may be reduced when the load is afraid of falling, and the drop rate may be increased when the load is afraid of falling.

Can make two to No. five gears only can unidirectional rotation through the effect of ratchet 12 and pawl 11, when the reel forward rotation, when the rope 4 falls under the drive of hopper 38 promptly, pawl 11 forward rotation, pawl 11 blocks ratchet 12 and drives the ratchet (No. two gears 10) rotatory, when the reel is reverse rotation under motor 36's effect, the reel is withdrawed rope 4 and is lifted hopper 38, pawl 11 reversal, pawl 11 breaks away from with ratchet 12 mutually, gear 14 rotates and No. two gears 10 irrotations, thereby can make the reel fast revolution, thereby reach the effect of fast receipts of falling slowly.

The reel side plate is fixedly provided with a reel gear 34, the first motor 36 is provided with a motor gear 35 meshed with the reel gear 34, and the reel is driven to rotate reversely under the action of the first motor 36, so that the rope 4 can be quickly retracted.

The lower end of the rope 4 is divided into a plurality of strands which are respectively fixedly connected with the periphery of the hopper 38.

The periphery of the hopper 38 is provided with an outwardly extending horizontal hopper rim 39. The bottom of the hopper 38 is provided with a vertical support rod 40, the upper end of the support rod 40 is hinged with the hopper 38, wherein the hinged position is located at the edge position of the bottom of the hopper 38, and the lower end of the support rod 40 is fixedly connected with a horizontal seat 41. A first switch 42 is arranged at the bottom of the hopper 38 and at a position corresponding to the supporting rod 40, wherein the first switch 42 can contact and trigger the first switch 42 when the first switch 42 rotates with the hopper 38 around the upper end of the supporting rod 40 by a certain angle. The first switch 42 can start the first motor 36 after being triggered, and the first switch 42 can be connected with a control circuit of the first motor 36 in a wired or wireless mode, and the specific connection mode can adopt a conventional mode well known by those skilled in the art, and the specific technical characteristics are not described in detail. When the hopper 38 slowly falls down, firstly, the horizontal seat 41 is landed, the hopper 38 is supported by the support rod 40, then the hopper 38 rotates around the upper end of the support rod 40, then the hopper 38 is tilted to turn on one side, and the materials in the hopper 38 are scattered out, thereby completing a round of feeding process. During the process, the included angle between the bottom of the hopper 38 and the support rod 40 gradually decreases until the side wall of the support rod 40 contacts the first switch 42 at the bottom of the hopper 38, and the first switch 42 can start the first motor 36 after being triggered. In the present invention, the first motor 36 is a non-band-type brake motor, i.e., the first motor can be driven to rotate by the action of external force when the power is off.

The tail end of the feeding conveyer belt 37 is positioned below the rope roller 33, and the hopper frame is positioned below the tail end of the feeding conveyer belt 37. For ease of description, the hopper shelf is configured such that the location near one end of the hopper 38 is the inner end and the location away from the end of the hopper 38 is the outer end. The hopper frame comprises a frame body 43, a balance weight rod 44, a T-shaped frame 45, an L-shaped frame 46 and a linkage rod 47, wherein the frame body 43 is fixed on a wall or other structures of a warehouse, the T-shaped frame 45 and the L-shaped frame 46 are respectively positioned on two sides of a path which the hopper 38 passes through when moving vertically, the middle of the T-shaped frame 45 and the middle of the L-shaped frame 46 are respectively hinged with the frame body 43, and the T-shaped frame 45 and the L-shaped frame 46 respectively comprise a horizontal plate and a vertical rod. On the T-shaped frame 45, the lower end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the middle position of the horizontal plate to form an inverted T-shaped structure; the upper end of a vertical rod on the L-shaped frame 46 is hinged with the upper outer end of a horizontal plate to form an L-shaped structure, the upper end of a vertical rod of the T-shaped frame 45 is connected with the lower end of the vertical rod of the L-shaped frame 46 through a linkage rod 47, two ends of the linkage rod 47 are respectively hinged with the two vertical rods, and the two vertical rods and the linkage rod 47 are located at the position on one side of the motion track of the hopper 38 to prevent the hopper 38 from colliding with the linkage rod 47. The hinged joint of the T-shaped frame 45 and the L-shaped frame 46 is provided with a torsion spring (not shown in the figure), and the two horizontal plates can keep a horizontal state in a natural state through the elastic force of the torsion spring. The outer end of the counterweight rod 44 is hinged with the frame body 43, the inner end of the counterweight rod 44 is positioned at the outer end of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped frame 45, the counterweight block 48 is arranged on the counterweight rod 44, and in a natural state, the counterweight block 48 falls on the frame body 43, and when the inner end of the T-shaped frame 45 deflects downwards, the counterweight block 48 can be lifted. A second switch 49 and a third switch 50 are respectively arranged below the outer end and the inner end of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped frame 45, the second switch 49 or the third switch 50 can be triggered when the horizontal plate of the T-shaped frame 45 deflects up and down respectively, the second switch 49 is used for controlling the first motor 36 to be closed and the feeding conveyer belt 37 to be started, and the third switch 50 is used for controlling the feeding conveyer belt 37 to be closed.

The operation flow is as follows: when the feeding device is used, the empty hopper 38 is quickly lifted upwards under the action of the first motor 36, when the hopper 38 moves upwards to the position of the hopper frame, the inner ends of the two horizontal plates of the T-shaped frame 45 and the L-shaped frame 46 are jacked upwards to be in an inclined state under the action of the hopper edge 39 until the hopper 38 is positioned above the two horizontal plates, meanwhile, the horizontal plate of the T-shaped frame 45 triggers the second switch 49, the first motor 36 is turned off under the action of the second switch 49, the feeding conveyer belt 37 is started, the hopper 38 stops moving upwards, the feeding conveyer belt 37 starts feeding materials into the hopper 38, the hopper 38 slowly falls under the action of gravity, the hopper edge 39 falls on the upper surfaces of the inner ends of the two horizontal plates, and the hopper 38 is supported under the action of the two horizontal plates. When the material in the hopper 38 reaches the set weight, the inner ends of the horizontal plates of the T-shaped frame 45 are pressed downwards under the action of the gravity of the hopper 38, meanwhile, the outer ends of the horizontal plates push the balance weight rods 44 upwards, the vertical rods of the T-shaped frame 45 incline inwards along with the downward inclination of the inner ends of the horizontal plates, the vertical rods of the L-shaped frame 46 are pushed outwards under the action of the linkage rods 47, so that the inner ends of the horizontal plates of the L-shaped frame 46 incline downwards, the inner ends of the two horizontal plates incline downwards, the hopper 38 falls down, meanwhile, the third switch 50 is triggered by the front ends of the horizontal plates of the T-shaped frame 45, and the feeding conveyer belt 37 is closed under the action of the third switch 50. The hopper 38 is slowly dropped by the action of the rope roller 33, when the hopper 38 falls on the material pile, the hopper 38 is inclined and discharged by the action of the supporting rod 40, then the first switch 42 is triggered, the first motor 36 is started, the hopper 38 is lifted, and therefore a new round of feeding process is started.

In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the lifting process of the hopper 38 is realized by using a clockwork spring, and the main structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, and only the different technical features between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 will be described below, and the same technical features will not be described again.

In the present embodiment, the main shaft 6 and the barrel structure 51 are connected through a spring 52, two ends of the spring 52 are respectively fixed on the main shaft 6 and the barrel structure 51, and the spring 52 is installed in a direction such that the spring 52 can be wound when the rope 4 is pulled out. The structure below the rope roller 33 for installing the rope roller 33 is provided with a strip-shaped hole 54 for passing through the rope 4. Rope 4 on be close to the position of lower extreme and be equipped with fixed block 53, the diameter of fixed block 53 is greater than the width of bar hole 54 to when upwards drawing rope 4, can keep off on bar hole 54 through fixed block 53, prevent that rope 4 from continuing upward movement. The fixed block 53 satisfies the upper position of the rope 4: when the fixed block 53 is stopped at the strip hole 54, the hopper 38 is positioned higher than the hopper frame and lower than the end of the feed conveyor 37.

In the present embodiment, because the spring 52 is used as power, the structure of the first motor 36, the first switch 42, the reel gear 34 and the motor gear 35 is eliminated. The second switch 49 is used only to control the activation of the infeed conveyor belt 37.

When the hopper 38 is full, the hopper 38 falls against the elastic force of the spring 52 by gravity, and when the hopper 38 falls to the bottom end to complete discharging, the weight of the hopper 38 becomes smaller, so that the hopper 38 is pulled upward by the spring 52 until the fixing block 53 is clamped at the strip-shaped hole 54.

Compared with embodiment 1, the present embodiment does not need to use a motor, and saves more energy. In addition, because the length of the clockwork spring 52 is limited, the clockwork spring is only suitable for being used in a warehouse with not very high height, and is suitable for cellar-type storage of small wells with small entrance calibers and shallow cellar wells.

Example 3 is shown in fig. 8 and 9. The present embodiment includes a feeding conveyer belt 37, a rope roller 33, a hopper 38, a hopper frame and a first motor 36, wherein the feeding conveyer belt 37, the rope roller 33, the hopper 38, the first motor 36 and their attached structures are the same as those of embodiment 1, the same technical features are not repeated in the present embodiment, and the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 mainly in the change of the hopper frame.

The hopper frame comprises a frame body 43 and a lever 55. For convenience of description, one end of the hopper frame facing the rope 4 is set to be a front end, and the opposite end thereof is set to be a rear end.

The support body 43 is located below the rope roller 33, above the end of the feeding conveying belt 37 and on one side of the rope 4, the support body 43 is fixed on a wall or other structures of the warehouse, the middle position of the lever 55 is hinged to the support body 43, the rear end of the lever 55 is fixedly connected with the balancing weight 48, and in a natural state, the balancing weight 48 falls on the support body 43. The front end of the lever 55 is bent upward, the bent portion is divided into two parts from the rear to the front in the horizontal direction to form a Y-shaped branch, and a space between the two branches forms a slit which is wide in the front and narrow in the rear. A third switch 50 fixed on the frame body 43 is arranged below the rear half part of the lever 55, the third switch 50 controls the closing of the feeding conveyer belt 37, the third switch 50 is pressed down under the action of the lever 55 in a natural state, and when the rear end of the lever 55 is lifted, the third switch 50 is released, so that the feeding conveyer belt 37 can stop running. A fixed block 53 is arranged on the rope 4 near the lower end. A control rod 57 is arranged below the rope roller 33, one end of the control rod 57 is hinged with a fixing structure where the rope roller 33 is located, a hole 56 is formed in the other end of the control rod 57, the rope 4 penetrates through the hole 56, the diameter of the hole 56 is smaller than that of the fixing block 53, a second switch 49 is arranged above the control rod 57, when the control rod 57 deflects upwards, the control rod 57 can trigger the second switch 49, and the second switch 49 controls the first motor 36 to stop and the feeding conveyer belt 37 to start.

When the rope 4 is driven by the first motor 36 to move upwards, firstly the rope passes through the lever 55, because the front end of the lever 55 inclines upwards, the fixing block 53 can slide upwards along the lever 55 until the rope moves to the upper part of the lever 55, then the fixing block 53 moves to the control rod 57, the control rod 57 is pushed upwards under the action of the fixing block 53, the second switch 49 is triggered through the control rod 57, the first motor 36 is closed through the second switch 49, the feeding conveyer belt 37 is started, so that the first motor 36 stops running, the fixing block 53 slowly falls down along with the hopper 38 and the rope 4 under the action of the gravity of the hopper 38, and when the rope falls to the lever 55, the fixing block 53 is blocked through the action of the lever 55. Meanwhile, the feeding conveyer belt 37 feeds materials into the hopper 38, the weight in the hopper 38 is gradually increased, after the set weight is reached, the front end of the lever 55 is pressed down under the action of gravity, the front end of the lever 55 is inclined downwards, then the fixed block 53 slides downwards forwards from the front end of the lever 55, meanwhile, the third switch 50 is released, and the feeding conveyer belt 37 is closed under the action of the third switch 50. The hopper 38 is slowly dropped under the action of the rope roller 33, when the hopper 38 falls to the lowest position, the hopper 38 automatically unloads, the first switch 42 is triggered, the first motor 36 is switched on through the first switch 42, and the hopper 38 is lifted upwards under the action of the first motor 36, so that a round of feeding process is completed.

Example 3 is also applicable to the loading of trucks under an overhead besides the storage of warehouses, prevents the materials directly poured into an overhead hopper and loaded on the truck from splashing and falling to be damaged, and is more suitable for the transfer loading and unloading of ports or large goods yards.

The shape of the bottom surface of the warehouse is generally circular, square and rectangular, for circular and square warehouses, the warehouse can be filled by feeding from the center and sliding down to the periphery under the action of gravity, and for rectangular warehouses, the warehouse is fed along the center line of the length trend of the rectangle. The following embodiments are specifically designed for rectangular warehouses.

In embodiment 4, as shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, this embodiment includes a feeding conveyer belt 37, a rope roller 33, a hopper 38, a sliding rod 61 and a first motor 36, wherein the feeding conveyer belt 37, the rope roller 33, the hopper 38, the first motor 36 and their accessories are the same as those in embodiment 1, and will not be described again in this embodiment, and this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 mainly in the structure of the sliding rod 61 and its accessories.

The sliding rod 61 moves along the length direction of the warehouse, and one end of the sliding rod 61 is high and the other end is low. For convenience of description, the slide rod 61 and its attached structure are set to be rearward in the direction of the higher end of the slide rod 61 and forward in the direction of the lower end.

The rear end of the slide rod 61 is fixed to a position offset below the rope roller 33. The slide bar 61 is provided with a second slide block 62 and a third slide block 60 respectively, the second slide block 62 and the third slide block 60 are provided with holes with the same section shapes as the slide bar 61 respectively, and the slide bar 61 sequentially penetrates through the holes on the two slide blocks 60 and 62, so that the two slide blocks can freely slide on the slide bar 61. With second slide 62 forward and third slide 60 rearward.

The two ends of the sliding rod 61 are respectively provided with a sliding block chain wheel 58 and a sliding block chain wheel 63, a sliding block chain 64 is arranged between the two sliding

block chain wheels

58 and 63, the sliding block chain 64 is fixedly connected with the second sliding block 62, and the second sliding block 62 is driven to move along the sliding rod 61 under the action of the sliding block chain 64. The slide

block chain wheels

58 and 63 can be driven by a motor, or can be driven by hand cranking by being provided with a handle. The band-type brake motor can be selected for use when the motor drive, the handle that can fix the position can be selected for use when hand drive, and its purpose is all when stopping to move the back through motor or handle with the position fixation of

slider sprocket

58, 63, makes it no longer rotatory because of other external forces to fix the position of No. two sliders 62.

A fixed block 53 is arranged on the rope 4 near the lower end. The third slider 60 is provided with a vertical groove 59, the vertical groove 59 is divided into an upper section and a lower section, the upper section is narrow, the lower section is wide, the width of the upper section is larger than the diameter of the rope 4 and smaller than the width of the fixed block 53, the width of the lower section is larger than the width of the fixed block 53, and the lower section of the vertical groove 59 is used for accommodating the fixed block 53. The third sliding block 60 is also provided with a horizontal rod 65, the rear end of the horizontal rod 65 is hinged with the third sliding block 60, wherein, the hinged part is provided with a torsion spring, the horizontal rod 65 can keep a horizontal state under a natural state under the action of the torsion spring, the middle position of the horizontal rod 65 is positioned at the upper position of the lower section of the vertical groove 59, and the upper end of the fixed block 53 can be supported on the horizontal rod 65 when the fixed block 53 is positioned at the lower section of the vertical groove 59, the hook 66 is arranged below the front end of the horizontal rod 65, the second sliding block 62 is provided with a block-shaped structure 68 protruding outwards, the back upper part of the block-shaped structure 68 and the front lower part of the horizontal rod 65 hook are respectively provided with an inclined surface, and the block-like structure 68 is sized and positioned such that when the No. three slide 60 is adjacent to the No. two slide 62, the hook 66 of the horizontal rod 65 can be hooked on the block-shaped structure 68 of the second slider 62, so that the third slider 60 and the second slider 62 can be fixed in position. The rear of the lower section of the vertical groove 59 is provided with a horizontal blind hole 73, the opening of the horizontal blind hole 73 is positioned on the side wall of the vertical groove 59, a horizontal stop lever 69 is arranged in the horizontal blind hole 73, a third spring 72 is arranged behind the horizontal stop lever 69, the horizontal stop lever 69 is pushed forwards under the action of the third spring 72, the fixing block 53 is provided with a horizontal hole 77 matched with the horizontal stop lever 69, when the fixing block 53 is positioned in the vertical groove 59, the horizontal stop lever 69 can be inserted into the horizontal hole 77, and therefore the position of the fixing block 53 is fixed. The height of the horizontal hole 77 is greater than that of the horizontal blocking rod 69, so that when the horizontal blocking rod 69 is inserted into the horizontal hole 77, the fixing block 53 can perform a certain range of vertical movement, the horizontal rod 65 can be jacked up when the fixing block 53 moves upwards, and the horizontal rod 65 can fall down to be horizontal when the fixing block 53 moves downwards. The horizontal hole 77 is provided with a horizontal opening 70 at the outer side, the horizontal hole 77 is communicated with the outside through the horizontal opening 70, a stop 71 is arranged on the horizontal stop rod 69 at the position close to the horizontal opening 70, and the stop 71 passes through the horizontal opening 70 and is exposed from the horizontal opening 70. The second slider 62 is provided with a horizontal push rod 67 which is matched with the stop dog 71, the position size of the horizontal push rod 67 is satisfied, when the third slider 60 gradually approaches the second slider 62, the stop dog 71 is pushed from the back under the action of the horizontal push rod 67, and the horizontal stop rod 69 is further pushed backwards, so that the front end of the horizontal stop rod 69 leaves from the horizontal hole 77 of the fixed block 53, and the fixed block 53 can freely move downwards.

The rear end of the third slider 60 is provided with a spring piece 75 above the slide bar 61, a trapezoidal block 74 is arranged below the rear end of the spring piece 75, the front edge of the trapezoidal block 74 is a bevel edge inclined from front to back, a trapezoidal groove 76 matched with the trapezoidal block 74 is arranged at the position of the upper edge of the slide bar 61 below the rope roller 33, and the front edge of the trapezoidal groove 76 is inclined from front to back. When the trapezoidal block 74 of the spring piece 75 on the third slider 60 moves to the position of the trapezoidal groove 76 on the slide rod 61, the trapezoidal block 74 can be clamped into the trapezoidal groove 76, so that the position of the third slider 60 can be fixed. A fourth switch 78 is arranged at the lower edge of the sliding rod 61 below the trapezoidal groove 76, and when the trapezoidal block 74 of the spring piece 75 on the third sliding block 60 is clamped into the trapezoidal groove 76, the third sliding block 60 can trigger the fourth switch 78. The first motor 36 can be deactivated and the feed conveyor 37 can be started when the fourth switch 78 is triggered, and the feed conveyor 37 can be deactivated when the fourth switch 78 is reset.

When the device is used, the sliding

block chain wheels

58 and 63 are firstly rotated, the second sliding block 62 is driven to slide along the sliding rod 61 under the action of the sliding block chain 64, and the second sliding block 62 slides to the position right above the discharging position in the warehouse. The rope 4 is pulled through the action of the first motor 36, the third slider 60 moves towards the rear end direction of the sliding rod 61 along the sliding rod 61 under the pulling action of the rope 4, when the third slider 60 slides to the lower part of the rope roller 33, the trapezoidal block 74 of the spring piece 75 of the third slider 60 is clamped into the trapezoidal groove 76 of the sliding rod 61, so that the position of the third slider 60 is fixed, the fourth switch 78 is triggered, and the first motor 36 stops running. At this point, the horizontal stop 69 is within the horizontal bore 77 of the fixed block 53. At the same time, the feed conveyor 37 is activated to begin feeding into the hopper 38. The leading edge of the trapezoidal channel 76 catches the leading edge of the trapezoidal block 74, since both leading edges are at an oblique angle, when the third slider 60 pulls the spring plate 75 forward, the trapezoidal groove 76 will generate a force perpendicular to the oblique direction to the trapezoidal block 74, this force can be decomposed into a force parallel to the slide rod 61 and a force perpendicular to the slide rod 61, wherein the acting force parallel to the sliding rod 61 is used for offsetting the pulling force of the third slider 60 on the spring piece 75, the acting force perpendicular to the sliding rod 61 is used for offsetting the elastic force of the spring piece 75, and the force is proportional to the weight of the hopper 38, and as the weight of the hopper 38 increases, the force perpendicular to the slide rod 61 increases, until the force is greater than the spring force of the spring plate 75, the spring plate 75 is then ejected upward and the trapezoidal blocks 74 leave the trapezoidal grooves 76 so that the No. three slider 60 can slide forward along the slide bars 61 while the feed conveyor belt 37 stops. When the third slider 60 slides to the second slider 62, the horizontal rod 65 is lifted upwards by the inclined surfaces of the block-shaped structure 68 and the hook of the horizontal rod 65, until the hook at the front end of the horizontal rod 65 moves to the front of the block-shaped structure 68, so as to hook the block-shaped structure 68, the position of the third slider 60 is fixed, meanwhile, the horizontal blocking rod 69 is pushed backwards by the block 71 by the action of the horizontal push rod 67 until the front end of the horizontal block 71 leaves the horizontal hole 77 of the fixed block 53, then the fixed block 53 slowly falls along with the rope 4, when the hopper 38 enters the lowest position to complete automatic unloading, the first motor 36 is started by the first switch 42, the rope 4 is pulled upwards by the driving of the first motor 36, when the fixed block 53 is pulled to the position of the vertical groove 59, the horizontal rod 65 is lifted upwards by the action of the fixed block 53, so that the third slider 60 is separated from the second slider 62, the third slider 60 is pulled backwards along the sliding rod 61 by the action of the first motor 36, and meanwhile, the horizontal stop rod 69 moves forwards to be inserted into the horizontal hole 77 of the fixed block 53, so that the fixed block 53 is fixed on the third slider 60. Thereby completing the process of one round of automatic discharging.

In embodiment 5, as shown in fig. 13, this embodiment includes a feeding conveyer belt 37, a rope roller 33, a hopper 38, a slide rod 61 and a motor 36, wherein the structure of the main body portion in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 4, and only the technical features which are different between this embodiment and embodiment 4 will be described hereinafter, and the technical features which are not mentioned are the same as those in embodiment 4.

The rear end of the sliding rod 61 is hinged with a fixing structure where the rope roller 33 is located, the front end of the sliding rod 61 is connected with a second rope 79, the upper end of the second rope 79 is wound on a second winding drum 80, the second winding drum 80 can be driven by a motor or can be provided with a handle, and the handle is driven by hand cranking. The band-type brake motor can be selected for use when the motor drive, the handle that can fix the position can be selected for use when hand drive, and its purpose is all when stopping to live the position of No. two reel 80 through motor or handle behind the motion, makes it no longer rotatory because of other external forces. The position of the front end of the sliding rod 61 can be adjusted by winding and unwinding the second rope 79 through the second winding drum 80, so that the front end rotates around the hinged position of the rear end. The second slider 62 is fixed to the front end of the slide bar 61. In addition, the chain sprocket structure of embodiment 4 is eliminated in this embodiment.

When the device is used, the position of the front end of the sliding rod 61 is adjusted through the second winding drum 80, the front end of the sliding rod 61 is placed above the unloading position in the warehouse, then the feeding operation can be started, and the specific process is the same as that of the embodiment 4. Because the power is reliable, the device is more suitable for large rectangular warehouses.

Embodiment 6, as shown in fig. 14, this embodiment includes a feeding conveyor belt 37, a rope roller 33, a hopper 38, a hopper holder, a slide rail 81 and a motor, wherein the structure of the main body portion in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 3, and only the technical features that are different between this embodiment and embodiment 3 will be described hereinafter, and the technical features that are not mentioned are the same as those in embodiment 3. The embodiment is more suitable for a single-layer warehouse structure, and can be installed and transformed by utilizing the frame beams, so that the cost is reduced.

The slide rail 81 is located in the warehouse and above, and moves along the length direction of the warehouse. The rope roller 33 and the first motor 36 are installed on the same base 1, and the base 1 is matched with the slide rail 81, that is, the base can slide on the slide rail 81 along the slide rail 81. Base chain wheels 83 are respectively installed at two ends of the sliding rail 81, the two base chain wheels 83 are connected through a base chain 84, the base chain 84 is fixedly connected with the base, and one of the base chain wheels 83 is driven by a second motor 86.

The slide rail 81 is provided with two travel switches, and the positions of the two travel switches can be triggered when the two travel switches move to the position of a certain travel switch. One of the travel switches is a fixed switch 82 fixed at a position above the feeding and conveying belt 37 on the sliding rail 81, the other travel switch is a sliding switch 85, and the sliding switch 85 is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail 81, so that the sliding switch 85 can slide along the sliding rail 81 through the sliding groove. Be equipped with the sprocket chain structure that is used for driving slide switch 85 on the slide rail 81, including two switch sprocket 87 that are located the slide rail 81 both ends and the switch chain 88 of connecting two switch sprocket 87, switch sprocket 87 can be motor drive, also can install the handle, through hand drive. The contracting brake motor can be selected for use when the motor is driven, the handle capable of fixing the position can be selected for use when the hand-cranking drive is carried out, the purpose is that the position of the switch chain wheel 87 is fixed through the motor or the handle after the movement is stopped, so that the switch chain wheel can not rotate due to other external forces, and the position of the sliding switch 85 is fixed. The two travel switches are simultaneously connected to the control circuit of the second motor 86, and the second motor 86 can be stopped by activating either travel switch.

In this embodiment, the lever 57 and the second switch 49 are positioned below the feeding conveyor belt 37, one end of the lever 57 is a hinged end which is hinged to a fixing device, the other end of the lever 57 is a free end which is located on the path traveled by the hopper 38 when moving upward, and the second switch 49 is positioned above the lever 57. The size and position relationship of the control rod 57 and the second switch 49 are satisfied, when the hopper 38 moves upwards, the edge of the hopper 38 can jack the free end of the control rod 57, and when the fixed block 53 moves upwards to the upper part of the lever 55, the control rod 57 can trigger the second switch 49 through the action of the edge of the hopper 38, so that the first motor 36 is switched off.

In this embodiment, the first switch 42 controls the start of the first motor 36 and the forward rotation of the second motor 86, and the third switch 50 controls the stop of the feeding conveyor belt 37 and the reverse rotation of the second motor 86, wherein the forward rotation refers to the turning of the second motor 86 when the base slides in the direction of the fixed switch 82, and the reverse rotation refers to the turning of the second motor 86 when the base moves in the direction of the slide switch 85.

When in use, the slide switch 85 is driven to slide along the slide rail 81 under the action of the switch chain wheel 87 and the switch chain 88, and slides to the position right above the discharging position in the warehouse. Then the hopper 38 is driven to rise by the action of the first motor 36, the second switch 49 is triggered by the control rod 57 after the hopper rises to a certain position, the first motor 36 stops running, and the feeding conveyer belt 37 is started to feed the hopper 38, the hopper 38 falls off from the lever 55 after being filled, the conveyer belt is closed by the action of the third switch 50, and the second motor 86 is started, the rope roller 33 is driven to move to the sliding switch 85 by the action of the second motor 86, and at the same time, through the action of the rope roller 33, the hopper 38 slowly falls down to the lowest position to complete the automatic discharging process, the first switch 42 is then activated, simultaneously activating the first motor 36 and the second motor 86, the rope roller 33 is moved to the position of the fixed switch 82 by the action of the second motor 86, and the hopper 38 is lifted upward by the action of the first motor 36. Thereby completing one round of the feeding process.

Features not mentioned herein, such as the control circuitry for the motor, the manner in which the switches are connected to the circuitry, etc., are well within the skill of the art, and those skilled in the art will be able to make appropriate selections within the skill of the art based on the description herein.

It should be noted that while the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various obvious changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a machinery is used in storehouse feeding which characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding conveyer belt, a rope roller, a hopper frame and a first motor; the rope roller is arranged at the top of the warehouse and comprises a winding drum, a rope, a base and a gear box; the winding drum comprises a drum body structure and circular side plates fixed at two ends of the drum body structure, one end of the rope is wound on the winding drum, and the other end of the rope hangs down from the winding drum and is used for connecting a hopper; the gearbox is positioned at one end of the winding drum and comprises a shell and an internal structure of the shell, the shell comprises a hollow cylindrical structure which is defined by a box cover and one side plate of the winding drum, and the box cover is a cylindrical shell structure which is coaxial with the winding drum and has an opening at the inner end; the spindle is arranged at the axes of the winding drum and the gear box, the spindle is fixedly connected with the box cover, and the winding drum can rotate around the spindle; the base is fixedly connected with the main shaft or the box cover; the gear box is internally provided with a gear, a connecting rod, a rocker, a fixed plate and a box body; an inner gear is arranged at the edge of the outer side face of the side plate where the gear box is located, the fixing plate is located in the cavity of the inner gear and close to the inner side, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the main shaft; a first gear meshed with the internal gear is also arranged in the cavity of the internal gear; a second gear coaxial with the first gear is arranged on the outer side of the first gear, and the diameter of the second gear is larger than that of the first gear; the wheel shaft where the first gear and the second gear are located is fixedly connected with the first gear and is rotationally connected with the second gear, namely the second gear can freely rotate around the shaft where the second gear is located, a circular cavity is formed in the second gear, an internal meshing ratchet mechanism is arranged in the circular cavity, ratchets are arranged on the side wall of the circular cavity, a disc is fixedly arranged on the wheel shaft where the second gear is located, and the disc is connected with the ratchets; a third gear meshed with the second gear is arranged beside the second gear, wherein the diameter of the third gear is smaller than that of the second gear; the outer side of the third gear is fixedly connected with a fourth gear which is coaxial with the third gear, wherein the diameter of the fourth gear is larger than that of the third gear; a fifth gear meshed with the fourth gear is arranged beside the fourth gear, wherein the diameter of the fifth gear is smaller than that of the fourth gear; the two ends of the axle where the first gear and the second gear are located and the two ends of the axle where the third gear and the fourth gear are located are respectively connected with the fixed plate and the box cover, wherein the axle where the first gear and the second gear are located is in a rotatable connection mode, and the axle where the third gear and the fourth gear are located is in a rotatable connection mode or a fixed connection mode; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the fifth gear is located is fixedly connected with a box cover, the inner side of the wheel shaft is fixedly provided with a flat cylindrical hollow box body coaxial with the fifth gear, a rotating block is arranged in the box body, a shaft where the fifth gear is located is a secondary shaft, the secondary shaft penetrates through a hole in the middle of the rotating block, the rotating block can rotate around the secondary shaft, the rotating block is connected with the side wall of the box body through a first spring, a connection point between the first spring and the box body is located in front of the rotating direction of the rotating block, and the box body pulls the rotating block to rotate under the action of the first spring during rotation; a bar-shaped cavity is arranged in the middle of the rotating block along the radial direction of the box body, a first sliding block is arranged in the cavity, and the first sliding block can slide along the radial direction; the inner wall of the box body is provided with a strip-shaped hole, the strip-shaped hole is positioned at a corresponding position on the inner side of the first sliding block, a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first sliding block in the direction, and the cylindrical structure penetrates through the inner wall of the box body from the strip-shaped hole and is exposed out of the box body; the strip-shaped hole is in an Archimedes spiral shape, wherein one end close to the first spring is closer to the minor axis, and the other end far away from the first spring is farther from the minor axis; the extending end of the cylindrical structure is hinged with one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with a sliding groove rod; the sliding chute rod is matched and connected with the rocker, one side of the rocker is provided with teeth to form a rack structure, one side of the rocker opposite to the teeth is provided with a protruding structure extending towards the inner side and the outer side respectively, so that the rocker forms a T-shaped section, and the sliding chute rod is provided with a sliding chute adaptive to the T-shaped section, so that the rocker can freely slide along the length direction of the sliding chute rod; the rack structure of the rocker is meshed with the sixth gear, the chute rod is hinged with a wheel shaft where the sixth gear is located, a balance weight is arranged at one end, far away from the sixth gear, of the rocker, and the sixth gear is meshed with the seventh gear; the outer side end of a wheel shaft where the seventh gear is located extends out of the box cover, a hand wheel is arranged at the extending end, a second spring is arranged between the hand wheel and the box cover, and the hand wheel and the seventh gear are ejected outwards under the action of the second spring; a fixture block capable of being inserted into the seventh gear is arranged on the inner side of the box cover, the seventh gear is outwards ejected in a natural state, and the fixture block is clamped into the seventh gear, so that the seventh gear cannot rotate; a reel gear is fixedly arranged on the reel side plate, a motor gear meshed with the reel gear is arranged on the first motor, and the reel is driven to rotate reversely under the action of the first motor, so that the rope can be quickly retracted; the lower end of the rope is divided into a plurality of strands which are respectively fixedly connected with the periphery of the hopper; the periphery of the hopper is provided with a horizontal hopper edge extending outwards; the bottom of the hopper is provided with a vertical supporting rod, the upper end of the supporting rod is hinged with the hopper, wherein the hinged position is positioned at the edge position of the bottom of the hopper, and the lower end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a horizontal seat; a first switch is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and at a position corresponding to the support rod, and the first motor can be started after the first switch is triggered; the tail end of the feeding conveying belt is positioned below the rope roller, and the hopper frame is positioned below the tail end of the feeding conveying belt; the hopper frame comprises a frame body, a balance weight rod, a T-shaped frame, an L-shaped frame and a linkage rod, the frame body is fixed on a wall or other structures of a warehouse, the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame are respectively positioned at two sides of a path through which the hopper passes when the hopper vertically moves, the middle parts of the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame are respectively hinged with the frame body, and the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame respectively comprise a horizontal plate and a vertical rod; on the T-shaped frame, the lower end of the vertical rod is fixedly connected with the middle position of the horizontal plate to form an inverted T-shaped structure; the upper end of a vertical rod on the L-shaped frame is hinged with the outer end of the upper end of the horizontal plate to form an L-shaped structure, the upper end of a vertical rod on the T-shaped frame is connected with the lower end of the vertical rod on the L-shaped frame through a linkage rod, two ends of the linkage rod are respectively hinged with the two vertical rods, and the two vertical rods and the linkage rod are positioned at one side of the motion track of the hopper to prevent the hopper from colliding with the linkage rod; the hinging part of the T-shaped frame and the L-shaped frame is provided with a torsion spring, and the two horizontal plates can keep a horizontal state in a natural state under the elastic action of the torsion spring; the outer end of the counterweight rod is hinged with the frame body, the inner end of the counterweight rod is positioned on the outer end of the horizontal plate of the T-shaped frame, the counterweight block is arranged on the counterweight rod, and the counterweight block falls on the frame body in a natural state and can be lifted up when the inner end of the T-shaped frame deflects upwards; the T-shaped frame horizontal plate is characterized in that a second switch and a third switch are respectively arranged below the outer end and the inner end of the T-shaped frame horizontal plate, the second switch or the third switch can be triggered when the T-shaped frame horizontal plate deflects up and down respectively, the second switch is used for controlling the closing of a first motor and the starting of a feeding conveying belt, and the third switch is used for controlling the closing of the feeding conveying belt.