CN108215699B - 能够调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置 - Google Patents

能够调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置 Download PDF

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CN108215699B
CN108215699B CN201710600280.3A CN201710600280A CN108215699B CN 108215699 B CN108215699 B CN 108215699B CN 201710600280 A CN201710600280 A CN 201710600280A CN 108215699 B CN108215699 B CN 108215699B
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cylinder
vehicle
height
outer cylinder
adjusting
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CN108215699A (zh
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李相勋
李昌信
赵玧衡
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Kia Motors Corp
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    • B60G15/04Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and mechanical damper or dynamic damper
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    • B60G17/016Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
    • B60G17/0165Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input to an external condition, e.g. rough road surface, side wind
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    • B60G17/018Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the use of a specific signal treatment or control method
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    • B60G2204/4304Bracket for lower cylinder mount of McPherson strut
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
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    • B60G2204/83Type of interconnection
    • B60G2204/8302Mechanical
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种能够调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,所述悬架装置可以包括:具有固定槽的内部圆筒;具有连接孔的中间圆筒,其绕所述内部圆筒可旋转地设置以使减振器向上移动和向下移动;外部圆筒,其绕所述中间圆筒可旋转地设置,并且具有穿过所述连接孔插入到所述固定槽的锁定销,以致所述锁定销脱离所述固定槽,但仍保持插入到所述连接孔;以及驱动装置,其连接至所述外部圆筒来旋转所述中间圆筒从而使所述减振器向上移动和向下移动,来调节车身的高度。

Description

能够调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据行驶条件和周围环境能够调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置。
背景技术
近来,为了改善汽车的平稳性和汽车内噪声环境,开发了多种悬架装置。
这样的悬架装置是汽车的主要构件之一,由下臂、上臂、转向节、阶梯连杆、弹簧、减振器、球节等组成,以用于将轮轴连接至车架或底盘来吸收从道路传递来的振动或冲击,从而改善汽车的乘坐舒适性和汽车的安全性。
悬架装置由弹簧、减振器等支撑,以适当机械地协调车身和车轮之间的相对运动。此外,悬挂装置使轮胎牢固地附着在地面,以便在高速行驶时使汽车向地面下沉。
然而,其中存在如下的问题,当沿路面减速装置或未铺路面的路行驶时,如果车辆高度较低,则车辆很可能与路面相撞,而当发生如侧倾、纵倾等行驶状态时,车辆可能倾斜到一侧使车辆的乘坐舒适性和车辆的转向性能变差。
因此,开发了一种电子悬架装置,其用于对减振器进行电气控制,以自动控制车辆的位置。此外,采用具有优良响应性的液压系统的主动悬架单元也已经用于控制车身的振动以适应车辆的行驶条件,从而获得车辆行驶和转向的稳定性。
然而,常规的液压主动悬架装置也有问题,其中液压泵、贮液器、液压管路、气缸体等是基本需要,主动悬架单元的实现是复杂的,悬架单元的燃油效率在性质上很低,并且二氧化碳的排放增加。
公开于本发明的背景部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的一般背景技术的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供一种车辆悬架装置,其配置为根据行驶条件和周围环境调节车辆高度,以改善车辆的行驶性能。
本发明的各个方面旨在提供一种配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,所述悬架装置包括:内部圆筒,其布置在车轮侧并且在周向上具有多个固定槽;中间圆筒,其绕所述内部圆筒可旋转地设置以使减振器在旋转过程中向上移动和向下移动,所述中间圆筒在周向上具有与所述固定槽相对应的多个连接孔;外部圆筒,其绕所述中间圆筒可旋转地设置,并且具有穿过所述中间圆筒的所述连接孔插入到所述内部圆筒的所述固定槽的多个锁定销,以致穿过所述连接孔插入到所述固定槽的所述锁定销在所述外部圆筒的旋转过程中脱离所述固定槽,但继续插入到所述连接孔;以及驱动装置,其连接至所述外部圆筒,在所述驱动装置的运行过程中,旋转所述中间圆筒以使所述减振器向上移动和向下移动,调节车身的高度。
所述固定槽可以绕所述内部圆筒以预定间隔在周向上设置,并且所述连接孔可以绕所述中间圆筒以与这些所述固定槽相同的间隔和相同的数量相对应地设置。
可以设有减振器,以致所述减振器的上端部接合至车身,所述减振器的下端部设置成插入到所述中间圆筒,并且所述中间圆筒在其内部圆周表面可以具有内螺纹部,所述减振器的下端部在其外部圆周表面可以具有相应的外螺纹部,以使所述减振器在所述中间圆筒的旋转过程中向上移动和向下移动。
所述驱动装置可以包括固定至所述内部圆筒的电动机和连接在所述电动机与所述外部圆筒之间的动力传输装置,以致在所述电动机的运行过程中所述外部圆筒旋转。
所述外部圆筒在其内部圆周表面在与这些所述固定槽和所述连接孔的位置对应的位置处可以设有工作凹槽,所述锁定销可以分别布置在所述工作凹槽中,以致所述锁定销由弹性弹簧弹性地支撑。
所述工作凹槽可以凹进所述外部圆筒的内部圆周表面,以致所述工作凹槽的宽度向所述工作凹槽的底部表面以喇叭口形状增加,所述锁定销可以具有基部和从所述基部延伸的锁定部,以使所述锁定部穿过所述连接孔插入到所述固定槽,所述基部为插入到所述工作凹槽的部分,并且所述基部的宽度向所述工作凹槽的底部表面以喇叭口形状增加。
可以设有所述锁定销,以致所述基部的底部表面的宽度大于所述工作凹槽的开口表面的宽度而小于所述工作凹槽的底部表面的宽度。
所述弹性弹簧可以布置在所述工作凹槽的底部表面与所述锁定销的所述基部之间。
根据具有上述配置的用于车辆的车辆悬架装置,可以通过响应车辆的行驶条件来调节车辆的高度而改善车辆的行驶性能。
此外,在车辆进入倾斜的道路或经过凸起的地点的情况下,可以防止车辆与道路表面碰撞以及被道路表面损坏。
在纳入本文的附图以及随后与附图一起用于说明本发明某些原理的具体实施方案中,本发明的方法和装置所具有的其它特征和优点将变得清楚或得以更为具体地阐明。
附图说明
图1为示出了根据本发明的示例性实施方案的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置的视图;
图2为示出了图1所示的车辆悬架装置的截面图;
图3为示出了图1所示的车辆悬架装置的立体分解图;
图4和图5为示出了图1所示的车辆悬架装置的操作的视图。
应理解的是,附图呈现了描述本发明基本原理的各个特征的一定程度的简化表示,从而不一定是按比例绘制的。本文所公开的本发明的特定设计特征,包括例如特定尺寸、定向、位置以及形状,将部分地由具体意图的应用以及使用环境所确定。
在这些图中,对于附图的多幅图,附图标记指代本发明的相同或等同的部分。
具体实施方式
现在将具体参考本发明的各个实施方案,这些实施方案的示例被显示在附图中并描述如下。尽管本发明与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述,但是应当理解,本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。而是相反,本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案,而且覆盖可以被包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明精神和范围之内的各种选择形式、修改形式、等同形式及其它实施方案中。
图1为示出了根据本发明的示例性实施方案的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置的视图,图2为示出了图1所示的车辆悬架装置的截面图,图3为示出了图1所示的车辆悬架装置的立体分解图,图4和图5为示出了图1所示的车辆悬架装置的操作的视图。
如图1和图2所示,根据本发明的示例性实施方案的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置可以包括:内部圆筒100、中间圆筒200、外部圆筒300和驱动装置400;内部圆筒100布置在车轮10侧并在周向上具有多个固定槽120;中间圆筒200绕内部圆筒100可旋转地设置以使减振器30在旋转过程中向上移动和向下移动,中间圆筒在周向上具有与固定槽120对应的多个连接孔220;外部圆筒300绕中间圆筒200可旋转地设置并具有多个锁定销320,以穿过中间圆筒200的连接孔220插入到内部圆筒100的固定槽120,从而在外部圆筒的旋转过程中,穿过连接孔插入到固定槽的锁定销从固定槽120脱离,但保持插入到连接孔220;驱动装置400连接至外部圆筒300,在驱动装置的运行过程中,旋转中间圆筒200以使减振器30向上移动和向下移动,来调节车身的高度。
内部圆筒100可以是接合至车轮10侧的圆柱形构件,并且中间圆筒200绕内部圆筒100可旋转地设置。在这里,接合至车身20的减振器30可以整体地连接至中间圆筒200,其中减振器30可以具有弹簧连接结构。也就是说,中间圆筒200配置成通过减振器30吸收从车轮10传递的振动。由于减振器30在内部圆筒100中竖直移动,因此可以控制车身的高度。
为此,设有用于动力传输的驱动装置400和外部圆筒300,外部圆筒300利用从驱动装置400传输的动力而旋转以使中间圆筒200旋转。也就是说,当驱动装置400运行时,外部圆筒300利用来自于驱动装置的动力而旋转,并且中间圆筒200也与外部圆筒300一起旋转,从而使减振器30向上移动和向下移动。
如图3所示,设有减振器30,使其上端部连接至车身20,并且将其下端部插入并紧固到中间圆筒200。此外,中间圆筒200在其内部圆周表面具有内螺纹部240,并且减振器30的下端部在其外圆周表面具有相应的外螺纹部35,从而使减振器30在中间圆筒200的旋转过程中可以向上移动和向下移动。
也就是说,由于中间圆筒200与减振器30相互螺纹联接,因此在中间圆筒200的旋转过程中,减振器30的下端部可以沿中间圆筒200的内螺纹部240向上移动和向下移动。中间圆筒200与减振器30之间的连接是滚珠丝杠式连接结构,在该连接结构中中间圆筒200作为螺母,而减振器30作为螺杆轴,在中间圆筒200的旋转过程中,使减振器向上移动和向下移动。
这里,驱动装置400被设置成根据车辆的行驶条件和车辆的周围环境来旋转中间圆筒200。驱动装置400通过包围中间圆筒200的外部圆筒300来传输动力。另外,外部圆筒300可以通过锁定销320连接至中间圆筒200,或者连接至中间圆筒200和内部圆筒100。
同时,绕内部圆筒100以预定间隔设有固定槽120,并绕中间圆筒200以与这些固定槽120相同的间隔和相同的数量相对应地设有连接孔220。以这种方式,固定槽120和连接孔220分别绕内部圆筒100和中间圆筒200设置,以使旋转的中间圆筒200可以通过插入到中间圆筒200的锁定销320在各个位置固定。
穿过连接孔220插入到固定槽120的锁定销320插入到外部圆筒300。当锁定销320穿过中间圆筒200的连接孔220插入到内部圆筒100的固定槽120时,防止了中间圆筒200的旋转。然而,当外部圆筒300响应从驱动装置400传输的动力而旋转时,锁定销320从固定槽120脱离,但保持插入到中间圆筒200的连接孔220,以使中间圆筒200与外部圆筒300一起旋转。
以这样的方式,当外部圆筒300响应从驱动装置400传输的动力而旋转时,插入到外部圆筒300的锁定销320通过中间圆筒200而锁定,从而使外部圆筒300与中间圆筒200在相同方向一起旋转,然后连接至中间圆筒200的减振器30根据中间圆筒200的旋转而向上旋转和向下旋转,来调节车身高度。
同时,如图1所示,驱动装置400可以包括固定至内部圆筒100的电动机420和动力传输装置440,动力传输装置440连接在电动机420与外部圆筒300之间,以使外部圆筒300在电动机420运行的过程中旋转。
这里,驱动装置400的电动机420可以在车辆的电子控制单元(ECU)的控制下运行,并且动力传输装置440可以通过齿轮连接机构或链条连接机构从电动机420传输动力。电动机420具有工作转子齿轮部,并且动力传输装置440具有与外部圆筒300的圆周啮合的齿轮部,从而使电动机420与动力传输装置440彼此相互啮合,外部圆筒在电动机420的运行过程中与动力传送装置440一起旋转。
同时,如图2和图3所示,外部圆筒300可以在其内部圆周表面与固定槽120和连接孔220位置相对应的位置设有工作凹槽340。锁定销320可以分别布置在工作凹槽340,以使锁定销可以通过弹性弹簧360弹性地支撑。在这里,弹性弹簧360可以布置在后面将要描述的工作凹槽340的底部表面340b与锁定销320的基部322之间。
也就是说,外部圆筒300在内部圆周表面设置有工作凹槽340,锁定销320分别布置在工作凹槽340中,并且弹性弹簧360介于锁定销320与工作凹槽340之间,从而使锁定销320向中间圆筒200和内部圆筒100突出。因此,当设在外部圆筒300的锁定销320穿过中间圆筒200的连接孔220插入到内部圆筒100的固定槽120时,中间圆筒200和外部圆筒300由锁定销320连接至固定到车轮10侧的内部圆筒100,这样防止了它们旋转。此外,由于锁定销320由弹性弹簧360弹性地支撑,当外部圆筒300旋转到与内部圆筒100的固定槽120位置相对应的位置时,锁定销320可以自然地插入到固定槽120。
具体地,如图4所示,工作凹槽340可以凹进外部圆筒300的内部圆周表面,从而使其宽度向工作凹槽的底部表面以喇叭口形状增加。此外,锁定销320可以具有基部322和锁定部324,使锁定部324从基部322延伸从而使其穿过连接孔220插入到固定槽120,其中基部322是插入到工作凹槽340的部分,并且基部322具有向工作凹槽340的底部表面以喇叭口形状增加的宽度。
以这种方式,工作凹槽340具有在外部圆筒300的内部圆周表面的喇叭口形状,并且锁定销320的基部322也具有插入到工作凹槽340的喇叭口形状。因此,锁定销320的喇叭口基部322插入到喇叭口工作凹槽340,以使锁定销不能从工作凹槽340完全脱离。此外,锁定部324从基部322延伸穿过连接孔220插入到固定槽120,以使中间圆筒200响应插入或脱离内部圆筒100的固定槽120的锁定部324而可以或不可以与外部圆筒300一起旋转。
锁定销320可以设置为基部322的底部表面320a所具有的宽度大于工作凹槽340的开口表面340a的宽度而小于工作凹槽340的底部表面340b的宽度。也就是说,由于锁定销320的基部322为喇叭口,使其底部表面320a的宽度大于喇叭口工作凹槽340的开口表面340a的宽度,因此基部322锁定在工作凹槽340中并且不会从工作凹槽340中脱离。
然而,由于锁定销320在外部圆筒300的旋转过程中需要从内部圆筒100的固定槽120脱离,因此锁定销320的基部322需要配置成底部表面320a的宽度小于喇叭口工作凹槽340的底部表面340b的宽度。也就是,锁定销320的基部322和工作凹槽340具有喇叭口形状,其中基部322的底部表面320a的宽度小于喇叭口工作凹槽340的底部表面340b的宽度,以使工作凹槽340的底部表面宽于基部322的底部表面。因此,锁定销320的基部322可以在工作凹槽340中移动而不完全脱离工作凹槽340。
然后,当外部圆筒在锁定销320的锁定部324锁定在内部圆筒100的固定槽20中的状态下旋转时,工作凹槽340的喇叭口形状向下推基部322的喇叭口形状,从而使锁定销320向工作凹槽340移动而使锁定部分324从固定槽120脱离。此外,由于基部322与工作凹槽340的底部表面340b接触,因此从内部圆筒100的固定槽120脱离的锁定销320脱离了固定槽120但保持插入到中间圆筒200的连接孔220。因此,在外部圆筒300的旋转过程中,中间圆筒200也由锁定销320旋转,使螺纹联接到中间圆筒200的减振器30可以向上移动和向下移动。
现在,将描述根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于车辆的悬架装置的操作。
如图4所示,在车辆的高度固定的情况下,设在外部圆筒300的锁定销320穿过中间圆筒200的连接孔220插入到内部圆筒100的固定槽120的位置,防止中间圆筒200的旋转。也就是说,由于通过锁定销320防止了中间圆筒200转动,因此也防止了接合至车身20侧的减振器30向上移动和向下移动,从而使车身的高度不能被改变。
在这里,如图5所示,可以通过利用驱动装置400的运行来旋转外部圆筒300而调节车身的高度。在这里,由于在锁定销320的基部322正插入到工作凹槽340并且锁定部324正连接进固定槽120的状态下,设在外部圆筒300的锁定销320与外部圆筒300一起旋转,因此外部圆筒300的工作凹槽340向下推锁定销320的基部322。也就是说,在锁定销320的锁定部324锁定在内部圆筒100的固定槽120的状态下,外部圆筒300的旋转过程中,工作凹槽340喇叭口形状向下推基部322的喇叭口形状,使锁定销320向工作凹槽340的底部表面移动以使锁定部324脱离固定槽120。因此,由于锁定销320处在基部322与工作凹槽324的底部表面340b接触并且锁定部324脱离固定槽120但仍保持插入到中间圆筒200的连接孔220的状态,因此中间圆筒200与外部圆筒300在相同方向一起旋转。
因此,插入到中间圆筒200的减振器30与中间圆筒200的内螺纹部240向上旋转和向下旋转,这样可允许对调节车身20的高度进行调节。例如,可以根据驱动装置400的正旋转操作或负旋转操作分别地升高或降低车身的高度。
根据具有上述构造的车辆悬架装置,可以通过响应车辆的行驶条件来调节车身的高度而提高车辆的行驶性能。此外,在车辆进入倾斜的道路或经过凸起的地点的情况下,可以防止车辆与道路表面碰撞以及被道路表面损坏。
为了方便解释和精确限定所附权利要求,术语“上方”、“下方”、“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”、“上部”、“下部”、“向上”、“向下”、“前”、“后”、“后方”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“向内”、“向外”、“内部”、“外部”、“内”、“外”、“向前”和“向后”被用于参考附图中所显示的这些特征的位置来描述示例性实施方案的特征。
前面对本发明具体示例性实施方案所呈现的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。前面的描述并非意欲穷尽,或者将本发明严格限制为所公开的具体形式,显然,根据上述教导可能进行很多改变和变化。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的其他技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其不同选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围意在由所附权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (8)

1.一种配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,所述悬架装置包括:
内部圆筒,其布置在车轮侧并且在周向上具有多个固定槽;
中间圆筒,其绕所述内部圆筒可旋转地设置以使减振器在旋转过程中向上移动和向下移动,所述中间圆筒在周向上具有与所述固定槽相对应的多个连接孔;
外部圆筒,其绕所述中间圆筒可旋转地设置并且具有穿过所述中间圆筒的所述连接孔插入到所述内部圆筒的所述固定槽的多个锁定销,其中穿过所述连接孔插入到所述固定槽的所述锁定销在所述外部圆筒的旋转过程中脱离所述固定槽,但继续插入到所述连接孔;以及
驱动装置,其连接至所述外部圆筒,在所述驱动装置的运行过程中,旋转所述中间圆筒以使所述减振器向上移动和向下移动,调节车身的高度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,所述固定槽绕所述内部圆筒以预定间隔在周向上设置,所述连接孔绕所述中间圆筒以与这些所述固定槽相同的间隔和相同的数量相对应地设置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,设有减振器,所述减振器的上端部接合至车身,所述减振器的下端部配置成插入到所述中间圆筒,所述中间圆筒在其内部圆周表面具有内螺纹部,所述减振器的下端部在其外部圆周表面具有相应的外螺纹部,所述减振器配置成在所述中间圆筒的旋转过程中向上移动和向下移动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,所述驱动装置包括固定至所述内部圆筒的电动机和连接在所述电动机与所述外部圆筒之间的动力传输装置,在所述电动机的运行过程中所述外部圆筒旋转。
5.根据权利要求1所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,所述外部圆筒在其内部圆周表面在与这些所述固定槽和所述连接孔的位置对应的位置处设有工作凹槽,所述锁定销分别布置在所述工作凹槽中,并且所述锁定销由弹性构件弹性地支撑。
6.根据权利要求5所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,所述工作凹槽凹进所述外部圆筒的内部圆周表面,所述工作凹槽的宽度向所述工作凹槽的底部表面以喇叭口形状增加,所述锁定销具有基部和从所述基部延伸的锁定部,所述锁定部配置成穿过所述连接孔插入到所述固定槽,所述基部为配置成插入到所述工作凹槽的部分,并且所述基部的宽度向所述工作凹槽的底部表面以喇叭口形状增加。
7.根据权利要求6所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,设有所述锁定销,并且所述基部的底部表面的宽度大于所述工作凹槽的开口表面的宽度而小于所述工作凹槽的底部表面的宽度。
8.根据权利要求6所述的配置为用于调节车辆高度的车辆悬架装置,其中,所述弹性构件布置在所述工作凹槽的底部表面与所述锁定销的所述基部之间。
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US10328763B2 (en) 2019-06-25
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