CN108213400A - Equipped with the stopper of the temperature measuring equipment of one - Google Patents
Equipped with the stopper of the temperature measuring equipment of one Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108213400A CN108213400A CN201711307125.9A CN201711307125A CN108213400A CN 108213400 A CN108213400 A CN 108213400A CN 201711307125 A CN201711307125 A CN 201711307125A CN 108213400 A CN108213400 A CN 108213400A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- slender body
- hole
- fire resisting
- inner region
- stopper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/001—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the slag appearance in a molten metal stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/003—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the level of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
- B22D41/18—Stopper-rods therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
- B22D41/18—Stopper-rods therefor
- B22D41/186—Stopper-rods therefor with means for injecting a fluid into the melt
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for controlling the fire resisting stopper (1) of molten metal outflow metallurgical tank, the fire resisting stopper includes：(a) slender body,Its block (1b) that includes being made of refractory material and be limited by peripheral wall (1w),Slender body along longitudinal direction axis X 1 from distal end (1d) development length L to caput tip (1n),(b) device (5) of the temperature for measurement at the inner region (3i) in the block of slender body,Material bands of the inner region by minimum thickness t are separated with the outskirt (3o) outside the block positioned at slender body,The wherein transient temperature of the temperature representative outskirt of inner region,It is characterized in that,Slender body includes through-hole (2),Through-hole passes through slender bodies along transverse axis X2 transverse extents D,Transverse axis X2 is preferably perpendicular to longitudinal axis X1,And the through-hole wall on periphery by extending to the second opening from the periphery of the first opening limits,First opening (2a) and second opening (2a) are at peripheral wall,And,It is characterized in that,Outskirt belong to through-hole wall and with caput tip separation distance M,Distance M is less than 2/3rds of the length L of slender body,M≤2/3L,Preferably smaller than 1/3rd of length L,M≤1/3L.
Description
Technical field
The present invention generally relates to control molten metal mold or casting tool are flowed to from the outlet of metallurgical tank
Stopper.Particularly, the present invention relates to the stoppers of the temperature measuring equipment equipped with one, allow to measure the metal of near exit
The transient temperature of melt.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, in continuous metal casting technique, ladle (21) is centrally positioned above packet (22) at several meters,
And by ladle long nozzle by delivery of molten metal to tundish, the ladle long nozzle is the length for leading to tundish from ladle
Tube shaped.Tundish is arranged between ladle and casting tool (23) or crystallizer, and casting tool (23) or crystallizer pass through
The outlet of filling pipe end (22d) form inside tundish, from tundish supplying melting metal, filling pipe end connects with collector nozzle
Logical, collector nozzle is located at the outside of tundish and lower part and supplies molten metal to be formed.Flow through the molten metal of filling pipe end
Flow velocity can be controlled by stopper (1), and the stopper (1) is vertically located above filling pipe end and including entering with filling pipe end
The caput tip that the geometry of mouth matches.By moving up and down stopper, thus it is possible to vary stopper caput tip enters to filling pipe end
Mouthful vertical range, so as to coordinate and contact in caput tip and filling pipe end in the case of the flow velocity of molten metal is started from scratch control
System, until the maximum flow rate when caput tip is sufficiently apart from filling pipe end no longer to influence flow velocity.In some embodiments, stopper
The only position of control stopper between open and closed positions, and the change in flow between the two positions is by other hands
Section control.
Continuous temperature measurement in tundish is not enforceable feature, and scene temperature measurement is used in many factories
(2 to 3 measurements per hour).But continuously the temperature of molten metal is advantageous in monitoring tundish.In the equipment of early stage
In, temperature sensor immerses in the molten metal.However, the temperature of molten metal is not, also without being in tundish
Uniformly.The most valuable temperature of molten metal obtains near filling pipe end, because molten metal is cast straight to therefrom
In crystallizer or tool.Thus, it has been suggested that include the temperature being located in stopper inner cavity in all regions at caput tip and pass
Sensor with obtain close to filling pipe end molten metal temperature.DE2912311 and WO2015104241 describe leucoscope,
It measures the temperature of the inner surface at the blind end of the inner cavity of elongated refractory ontology, and elongated refractory ontology can be stopper.
One end of closing is adjacent to the end of stopper.It is this to be used to measure temperature although the equipment for early stage is significantly improved
Device there are one it is very big the shortcomings that, as shown in Fig. 7 (a), the response time that this device changes molten metal temperature is too long.
In a series of tests (result that these tests are shown in Fig. 7) being discussed in detail in next part, this existing skill
The stopper of art immerses 958mm in the molten metal, detect 10 DEG C of the temperature change (in ± 2 DEG C) of molten metal time too
It is long.The detection time of the stopper (a) of the prior art is 390s (=6.5 minutes), this is attached for satisfactorily monitoring filling pipe end
The time is too long for the temperature of near molten metal.Another kind is to reach commonly used in the method for the assessment response time of automation
To 63% and/or 95% time of target temperature variation (such as 10 DEG C of variations).How no matter is measured the response time,
As a result all it is similar.
Since the temperature change occurred in outer surface is mainly by the biography along the band for separating inner surface and outer surface
It leads and is transmitted to inner surface, therefore by reducing the thickness of band and/or can be used in band with more high conductivity
Material, to reduce the response time for measuring the device of inner region temperature and changing to the molten metal temperature for contacting outskirt.In such as Fig. 7
(a) shown in and in the stopper described in DE2912311 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2-1,2-2,2-3), including positioned at the stopper longitudinal axis
Thermocouple at the blind end of inner cavity centered on line, the thickness for the refractory material that inner surface and outer surface are separated is very big,
And it cannot significantly reduce.In fact, increasing the diameter of inner cavity, to lead to the problem of stopper mechanical resistance insufficient.
US5361825 is proposed deviates inner cavity relative to longitudinal axis X1, as being schematically shown in Fig. 7 (b).This solution
Certainly scheme causes the thickness t that inside is separated with outer surface being substantially reduced, but the reduction of the response time of the device is made us losing
It hopes, the 344s (comparing Fig. 7 (a) and (b)) of offset bore is reduced to from the 390s of central lumen, it is only 12% that the time, which is reduced,.This
Outside, the offset design proposed in US5361825 causes larger stopper, is more difficult to make due to heavier and not being axisymmetric
It makes, and more refractory materials is needed to be produced for it.
Still need a kind of device, be suitable for attached in the filling pipe end than detecting tundish in the shorter time possible so far
The temperature change of near molten metal.The present invention proposes a solution to meet this needs：I.e. a kind of stopper, with showing
The stopper for having technology is compared, and this stopper has geometry in particular, can substantially reduce to the temperature change of molten metal
Response time.These and other advantages of the present invention are introduced later.
Invention content
The present invention is defined by the enclosed independent claim.Dependent claims limit preferred embodiment.Particularly, it is of the invention
It is related to a kind of fire resisting stopper for molten metal to be controlled to flow out metallurgical tank, the fire resisting stopper includes：
(a) slender body, including the block for being made of refractory material and being limited by peripheral wall, slender bodies axis X 1 along longitudinal direction
From distal end development length L to caput tip and
(b) for measuring the device of the temperature of the inner region in the block of slender body, the inner region passes through minimum thickness
It spends the material bands of t to distinguish with outer outside the block of slender body, wherein the temperature representative outskirt of inner region is instantaneous
Temperature,
The stopper of the present invention is characterized in that slender body includes through-hole, which is laterally extended along transverse axis X2
Length D passes through slender bodies, and transverse axis X2 is preferably perpendicular to longitudinal axis X1, and by being extended to from the periphery of the first opening
The through-hole wall on the periphery of the second opening limits, and first opening and the second opening are located at peripheral wall, and be characterized in that, outskirt
Belong to through-hole wall and be less than 2/3rds, M≤2/3L of the length L of slender body with caput tip separation distance M, distance M,
Preferably smaller than 1/3rd, the M of length L≤1/3L.Preferably, transverse axis X2 is vertical with X1.
In a preferred embodiment, through-hole is symmetrical about the following terms：(a) plane (X1, X2) and/or (b) hang down
Directly in X2 and plane including X1 and/or (c) perpendicular to X1 and including the plane of X2 and/or (d) axis X 2.It is such symmetrical
Property reduce the inaccurate failure risk being orientated of during stopper is installed stopper relative to (rotation) longitudinal axis.
The molten metal for flowing or stagnating in through-holes must not solidify.Through-hole is therefore with size requirement.For example, through-hole is excellent
Selection of land meets one or more of following size requirement.
Through-hole has perpendicular to the cross section of X2, and the area along whole length D is at least 900mm2And/or
Through-hole has height H, and longitudinal axis X1 is parallel between outskirt and the opposite segments of through-hole wall and is measured,
It is included between the 1% and 12% of the length L of slender body, 0.01L≤H≤0.12L；And/or
Through-hole has width W, is measured along the direction of both X1 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis and transverse axis X2, including
Between 1/2wx and 3wx, preferably between wx and 2wx, wherein wx is the width of the inner region measured along the direction identical with W.
First opening and the second opening can have the horizontal stroke selected from rectangle, ellipse or rectangle part with the combination of oval part
Section.Such cross-sectional geometry is maintained preferably along the whole length D of through-hole, although not necessarily having constant ruler
It is very little.Each in inner region and outskirt preferably includes part parallel to each other, the part be preferably plane or including list
Curved surface or hyperboloid.
In the especially preferred embodiments, the protrusion that outskirt formation is protruded from the surface of through-hole wall.For example, protrusion can be
Inverted hollow mitriform has the opening towards the distal end of slender body and the protrusion of the surface from through-hole and is parallel to longitudinal direction
The opposite blind end that axis X 1 extends.Particularly, protrusion can have：
Width d, be included in through-hole width W 50% and 100% between, 1/2W≤d≤W, preferable width W's
Between 60% and 90%, 0.6W≤d≤0.9W, wherein d and W along both X1 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis and transverse axis X2 phase
It is equidirectional measure and/or
Height h is included between 10% and 75% of the height H between outskirt and the opposite segments of through-hole wall,
0.1H≤h≤0.75H, preferably between the 25% of height H and 60%, 0.25H≤h≤0.6H, wherein h and H are along being parallel to
The same direction of longitudinal axis X1 measures.
Device for measuring inner region temperature can be any device, can be leucoscope or thermocouple.Elongated
Body preferably includes inner cavity, and inner cavity extends to the blind end to form inner region from unlatching in the openend of slender body far-end.Light
The adjacent open end that pyrometer is preferably located in inner cavity is learned, with the inner region optical communication formed by blind end.Form the interior of inner region
Projection of the blind end of chamber in the plane of X1 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis has area A3i, is preferably incorporated in area A1w's
Between 4% and 75%, 0.04A1w≤A3i≤0.75A1w, area A1w are the peripheral wall of the slender body of X1 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis
Cross section area, between inner region and longitudinal axis X1 on the horizontal plane of intersection.Area A3i is more preferably in area A1w
4% to 50% between, 0.04A1w≤A3i≤0.5A1w.
In a preferred embodiment, inner region and outskirt are one of the insertion piece being adhered in the block of refractory body
Point.
For the response time of shortening device, by inner region and the material bands that distinguish outside can by with the first fire proofed wood
Expect that second different of refractory materials is made, the first refractory material forms at least the 70% of slender bodies volume.Second of fire resisting
Material has the thermal conductivity higher than the first refractory material.
In order to mechanically strengthen stopper at the horizontal plane of through-hole, refractory can form convex at the horizontal plane of through-hole
Rise so that perpendicular to the cross section of central axis X 1 on the horizontal plane of through-hole than elongated in the distance apart from caput 2/3L
There is the perimeter of bigger on any other horizontal plane of ontology.
In a preferred embodiment, stopper further includes channel, which includes the entrance that may be connected to inert gas source, inertia
Gas is preferably argon gas, and the channel source extends along a part for slender body and including outlet, and the outlet is located at thin
At the peripheral wall of long ontology, adjacent through-holes rather than distance at through-hole wall and between caput tip 100mm and L/2 it
Between.Stopper is suitable for being recorded in perseverance equipped with for measuring the device for pressure measurement of the pressure in gas line and controller
The pressure measured in gas line changed over time under fixed gas flow rate, and for being dipped into metal bath when stopper
It is when middle that the pressure is associated with the immersion depth G exported.
The invention further relates to a kind of for controlling the fire resisting stopper of molten metal outflow metallurgical tank, the fire resisting stopper packet
It includes：
Slender body, including the outer surface made of refractory material, axis X 1 extends from distal end along longitudinal direction for outer surface
Length L to caput,
Gas line, the entrance including may be connected to inert gas source, the preferred argon gas of inert gas source, the gas
A part for pipeline along slender body extends and is included in the outlet of the outer surface of slender body, and outlet is located at away from caput point
It holds at least 30mm, preferably at least 100mm, and is no more than L/2, preferably more than L/3 away from caput tip, more preferably no more than
300mm and
For measure the device for pressure measurement of the pressure in gas line and
Controller is configured to maintain the constant gas flow rate in gas line, is recorded in what is measured in gas line
Pressure, and when fire resisting stopper is immersed in metal bath, the pressure measured is related to the immersion depth G exported
Connection.Controller is additionally configured to identify depositing for the slag at saliva plane based on the pressure measured in gas line
.This is particularly useful in the discharge process of metallurgical tank.
Description of the drawings
Various embodiments the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1：Show the metallurgical plant for including ladle, tundish and casting tool, the gold that stopper control passes through filling pipe end
The flow of category.
Fig. 2-1,2-2,2-3：Show several embodiments of stopper according to the present invention.
Fig. 3：Show the sectional view of stopper according to embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4：Show the sectional view of the stopper of alternate embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 5：Schematically show the various sizes for limiting stopper according to the present invention.
Fig. 6：It schematically shows to limit the various sizes according to the present invention for substituting stopper.
Fig. 7：Depict the stopper for different geometries, the detection time of 10 DEG C of temperature changes of molten metal, (a)
(b) it is the stopper of the prior art, (c) to (e) is the stopper according to the present invention.
Fig. 8：Show the stopper of the inert gas pipeline of the fill level including being used to measure tundish.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2-1,2-2,2-3, the refractory stoppers according to the present invention for molten metal to be controlled to flow out metallurgical tank
Stick (1) includes：
(a) slender body, the slender body include the block (1b) for being made of refractory material and being limited by peripheral wall (1w), carefully
Long ontology along longitudinal axis X1 from distal end (1d) development length L to caput tip (1n) and
(b) for measuring the device (5) of the temperature at the inner region (3i) in the block of slender body, inner region passes through most
The material bands of low thickness t are separated with the outskirt (3o) outside the block of slender body；The temperature of inner region must represent outer
The transient temperature in area.
Idea of the invention is that reduce the band of separation surfaces externally and internally by including through-hole (2) in slender body
Thickness, through-hole (2) pass through slender body along transverse axis X2 transverse extents D, and the transverse axis X2 is preferably perpendicular to
Longitudinal axis X1.As shown in Figures 2 to 6, through-hole is extended to the through-hole wall on the periphery of the second opening by the periphery being open from first
It limits.
Peripheral wall herein is defined as limiting the wall of the exterior contour of stopper.It (is not wrapped in the major part of the length L of stopper
Include caput tip, and optionally, include to the part containing through-hole rise booster action projection portion) on usually substantially
It is cylindrical.
Through-hole wall is the wall of the limited hole on its length D.Through-hole wall is limited by the periphery of the first opening and the second opening
In every one end of through-hole.By that will have sectional view weight of the sectional view of the stopper of through-hole with the identical stopper without through-hole
It is folded, it can readily determine that periphery.The periphery of opening is simply limited by multiple points, and two of which sectional view is from different from each other
Direction starts.
Because when immersing in molten metal, the peripheral wall and through-hole wall of stopper are all contacted with molten metal, thus they one
Act the outer surface for forming the mouth of a river.On the contrary, inner surface, inner wall or inner cavity are defined as such surface, wall or chamber：They are designed
Never to be contacted with molten metal.It is particularly the case for inner region (3i), and inner region (3i) is formed by inner surface.
Outskirt (3o) belongs to through-hole wall.Therefore it forms a part for outer surface, and is melted metal profit in use
Wet, as shown in the point shadow region in Fig. 3, described shadow region represents molten metal (10).As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, outskirt
The distance M separated with caput tip is less than the three of 2/3rds, the M≤2/3L, preferably smaller than length L of the length L of slender body
/ mono-, M≤1/3L.There are two reasons for this restrictive condition.First, it is ensured that measure melt to relatively close filling pipe end (22d)
Temperature.Secondly, through-hole reduces the resistance (being particularly bent) of stopper.Stopper is upper and lower due to its repetition around filling pipe end
Move and flow through its outer surface and the flowing of the molten metal at caput tip and by power.In standard stopper, on stopper top
Portion measures highest moment of flexure.In stopper according to the present invention, the distance M of position and caput tip where through-hole is more remote, including
The bending moment on the stopper part of through-hole the big just to become important, so as to increase the risk of failure.
The geometry of through-hole is not particularly limited, as long as it assures that (a) molten metal can be flowed through or be stopped
It is stagnant wherein without solidifying, and (b) can establish good heat conduction with inner region (3i) and exchange.In a preferred embodiment
In, the transverse axis X2 that preferably through-hole extends along is perpendicular to X1.It is also preferred that through-hole is symmetrical about the following terms
's：(a) plane (X1, X2) and/or (b) are perpendicular to X2 and the plane including X1 and/or (c) are flat perpendicular to X1 and including X2
Face and/or (d) axis X 2.The reason of these geometry in particular is the flowing rail it is difficult to predict the molten metal by through-hole
Mark.It is especially true in the case where the orientation (being rotated around longitudinal axis X1) of opening is uncontrolled.In this case, through-hole
Asymmetrical design may result in the non-uniform flowing of molten metal, this depends on its installation orientation and metal bath
Transient conditions.
First opening (2a) and the second opening (2a) can have selected from rectangle, ellipse or rectangle part and oval part
Combination cross section.Preferably, through-hole has one in above-mentioned cross section along the whole length D of through-hole.Inner region and outer
Area preferably includes part parallel to each other.For example, parallel portion may, for example, be as shown in Fig. 2-1,2-2,2-3 and Fig. 7 (f)
Plane either it can include single curved surface as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 or the hyperbolic as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 (g)
Face.Which ensure that by the way that the conduction of outskirt and the interior band distinguished being realized to, uniform heat is transmitted.
Fig. 7 makes ratio for the different geometries of identical test condition stopper similar with material with identical size
Compared with the comparison is related to：Measurement formed the leucoscope of the temperature of the blind end of the inner cavity (4) of inner region (3i) relative to it is outer
The response time of 10 DEG C of variations of the molten metal temperature of area's contact.It is newly warm to molten metal that the time of record corresponds to pyrometer
Measured value within ± 2 DEG C of degree.Stopper (a) and (b) are the prior art designs of above-mentioned background technology part discussion.The prior art
The most short response time that stopper is recorded is 344s.Stopper (c) is stopper according to the present invention.Through-hole is cylindrical, and
Inner region forms hemispherical.For stopper (c) record response time for 203 seconds, slightly above for the response of stopper (a) record when
Between half.Stopper (d) obtains 170 seconds similar response times with (e).In stopper (d), outskirt is flat surfaces, inner region
It is semispherical surface.In stopper (e), outskirt is semi-cylindrical, and inner region is flat surfaces.Stopper (f) includes outskirt in formation
The parallel flat surfaces in domain obtain the response time of 126 seconds.Finally, stopper (g) includes an inverted bell protrusion, and half
Spherical inner region is nested in substantially hemispheric outskirt.Stopper (g) obtains the response time of 53 seconds, about prior art stopper
(a) the 14% of the time of record.As can be seen that the response time with band area increase and reduce, wherein inner region and outskirt that
This is extended parallel to.Protrusion provides the 3D section with parallel inner region and outskirt.When flat surfaces are towards curved surface,
As in stopper (d) and (e), the response time increases.And when the curved surface that the inner surface and the outer surface formation deviates from, such as fill in
In stick (c) like that, the longer response time is recorded.It should be noted that it although is obtained among stopper according to the present invention
The worst response time of 203 seconds, but stopper (c) is than any one of the stopper (a) of the prior art and (b) stoppers substantially more
Has response, the response time of rear the two is respectively 390 seconds and 344 seconds.
The solidification for the metal being present in through-hole must be avoided, in case the temperature measured at inner region (3i) cannot represent
The temperature of molten metal near inner nozzle.For this purpose, through-hole must have sufficiently large size to prevent this solidification.It is special
Not, through-hole can have perpendicular to the cross section of X2, which has at least area of 900mm2 along whole length D.
Optionally or concomitantly, through-hole can have height H, be parallel to longitudinal axis X1 and measure, in the phase of outskirt and through-hole wall
Between part, height H is between the 1% and 12% of the length L of slender body, 0.01L≤H≤0.12L.Similarly, lead to
Hole can have width W, measured along the direction for being each perpendicular to longitudinal axis X1 and transverse axis X2, be included in 1/2wx and
Between 3wx, preferably between wx and 2wx, wherein wx is along the width of inner region measured with the W same directions.
In a preferred embodiment, outskirt formation protrudes from the protrusion on the surface of through-hole wall.For being transversely to the machine direction axis
The constant cross-sectional area of line X1, the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 (b)-(e), Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 (g) increase outer
Area and the area of inner region.Metal is melted by the fixed outskirt of the exposing lateral spacing of protrusion in all sides to surround and contact melting gold
Belong to.Therefore, it is enhanced by heat transfer of the refractory material band to inner region.
Protrusion can be in inverted hollow bell shape, have towards the opening of the distal end of slender body and from through-hole wall
Surface it is prominent and be parallel to the opposite closed end of longitudinal axis X1 extensions.Show in Fig. 2 (b)-(e), Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 (g)
The embodiment is gone out.Its advantage is that inner surface can be the blind end to form the inner cavity for being inverted bell inside, and be melted gold
Belong to 360 ° of ground to surround.Using during this design it has to be taken care that so as to there is enough gaps between protrusion and the side wall of through-hole wall, with
Prevent any metal from being solidified in the dead zone surrounded by refractory material.
Alternatively, as shown in figure 5, protrusion can extend on the entire width W of through-hole as wave.This design reduces
Form the risk in dead zone that molten metal may solidify.As shown in figure 5, protrusion can form a semicylinder, just as religion
(inverted) the Roman Catholic Church nave of hall is the same, so as to define parallel inner region with concentric semicircles column geometry and outer
Area.
Other geometries other than being inverted bell or waveform as described above are also possible.It must although not being
It needs, but a degree of symmetry is typically preferred, particularly if opening takes relative to the rotation of longitudinal axis X1
To not controlled clearly.Following size instruction avoids the problem that the molten metal solidification in through-hole.They can individually use
Or it combines in any desired manner.
The width d of protrusion can for entire widths W 50% to 100% between, 1/2W≤d≤W.The width preferably exists
Between the 60% of entire widths W and 90%, 0.6W≤d≤0.9W, wherein d and W are along being each perpendicular to longitudinal axis X1 and transverse direction
The same direction of axis X 2 measures.Alternatively or concomitantly, protrusion can have height h, in the phase of outskirt and through-hole wall
Between 10% and 75% of height H between part, 0.1H≤h≤0.75H, it is preferable that the 25% of height H and 60% it
Between, 0.25H≤h≤0.6H, wherein h and H are measured along the same direction for being parallel to longitudinal axis X1.
Apparatus for measuring temperature (5) is preferably chosen from leucoscope or thermocouple.Leucoscope, and in heat
In the case of galvanic couple, the controller of thermocouple is located at the outside of tundish, preferably at or near the distal end of stopper, Huo Zhe
Vertically upward and at or near the mechanical system that moves downward of control stopper.In the case of leucoscope, inner region is necessary
Optical communication is carried out with pyrometer.Must there are unobstructed straight line or circular cone between pyrometer and inner region whole region.Such as figure
2-1, Fig. 2-2, Fig. 2-3, Fig. 5 (a) and 6 (a) are shown, this can be realized by slender body of the offer with inner cavity (4), should
Inner cavity extends to the blind end to form inner region (3i) from the openend of the far-end opening in slender body.Leucoscope is therefore
The adjacent open end of inner cavity (4) can be located at, with inner region (3i) optical communication formed by blind end.
Two different conductors that thermocouple is connected to each other to form circuit by one end are formed, and each wire is in different temperature
Lower formation electric connection.Due to pyroelectric effect, thermocouple generates the voltage based on pyroelectric effect, and the voltage can be used by explaining
To measure temperature.In one embodiment, conducting wire can be embedded in the block of slender body, and is connected each other in the position of neighbouring outskirt
It connects.From anywhere in voltage-temperature converter may be mounted at other than tundish.Then inner region will be formed by refractory material, institute
State refractory material (in the junction of two conducting wires) and two conductive contacts.The shortcomings that this solution, is, if conducting wire breaks
It splits (for any reason) or two conducting wires disengages, then can not solve the problems, such as and obtain the letter about melted melt temperature
Breath.In addition, thermocouple is embedded in refractory material block so that thermocouple is exposed to the harsh pressure for manufacturing slender body
With at a temperature of, this is likely to damage thermocouple.
For this reason, it is preferred that even if when using thermocouple, slender body also includes as discussed above concerning optics
The described inner cavity of pyrometer (4).In this way, after the manufacture for completing slender body, thermocouple can be introduced into inner cavity,
The electric wire wherein engaged is located against in the blind end for the inner cavity for forming inner region.If thermocouple breaks due to any
It splits, then can easily replace thermocouple in the case where not interrupting metal casting operation.Since conductor cable is flexible, institute
With inner cavity not necessarily along linear extension.In practice it is preferred to inner cavity is along linear extension, preferably axis X 1 along longitudinal direction
Extension, because (a) manufacture is simpler, and conducting wire can be by being couple on the bar of relative stiffness so that thermocouple holds by (b)
Inner region is resisted against easily and rapidly, which is easily inserted into inner cavity, forces the conductive contact inner region of engagement.
The temperature of the necessary sufficiently large molten metal with representative contact outskirt of inner region.The full-size of inner region is by including inner cavity
Slender body mechanical property limitation, with inner cavity cross section increase and therefore inner region cross section increase, it is described
Mechanical property reduces.Face can be had by forming projection of the blind end of the inner cavity of inner region in the plane of X1 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis
Product A3i, is included between the 4% and 75% of area A1w, 0.04A1w≤A3i≤0.75A1w, area A1w be in inner region and
On the horizontal plane intersected between longitudinal axis X1, the area of the cross section of the peripheral wall of the slender body of X1 perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis
(referring to Fig. 5 (e) and Fig. 6 (e)).Ratio A 3i/A1w is preferably included between 4% and 50%：0.04A1w≤A3i≤0.5A1w.
As shown in Fig. 2-1,2-2,2-3, inner region (3i) and outskirt (3o) can be a parts of insertion piece (3c), the insertion
Part is adhered on the block of refractory body.As shown in Fig. 2 (b) to (e), insertion piece can form protrusion, have above with reference to prominent
Act all advantages discussed.In addition, as shown in Fig. 2-1 (a), insertion piece can be concordant with through-hole and form protrusion.Due to
Several reasons, are advantageous using insertion piece.It is possible, firstly, to inner region and outer is preferably controlled during including the following steps
The geometry in area：
(a) insertion piece is individually produced, very big degree of freedom is geometrically provided in inner region and exterior domain；
(b) slender body is manufactured, the slender body includes through-hole (2) and is parallel to the cavity of longitudinal axis X1 extensions simultaneously
And distal end and through-hole wall at opening and
(c) insertion piece is adhered to the opening of the cavity at through-hole wall, to form the inner cavity (4) for including inner region.
Second advantage is made of that insertion piece can be had by refractory material, the refractory material than forming slender body
The higher thermal conductivity of refractory material of block.
Using certainly the process needs several molds and step the shortcomings that insertion piece, including number of assembling steps.According to this hair
Bright stopper can also manufacture in a single step, generate the inner region and outskirt of the integral part for forming slender body.By
The inside stick core extended along longitudinal axis X1 is inserted into tool, is formed inner cavity (4), there is the closing end for forming inner region,
And by forming through-hole transverse to longitudinal axis X1 and with the liftoff insertion stick core of one end short distance of internal stick core, so as to limit
The band distinguished by inner region and outside.Different refractory materials can partly be used.This process is fairly simple, but inside
The design aspect of area and outskirt and through-hole provides less degree of freedom.
Insertion piece whether or not using, for by inner region and the band with high thermal conductivity outside distinguished, using fire resisting
Material is advantageous.Forming the rest part of at least 70% slender body of the volume of slender body can want for stopper
The mechanical property and physicochemical properties asked are chosen, but regardless of thermal conductivity how, and the refractory material of insertion piece can be directed to
Thermal conductivity optimizes.Band with high thermal conductivity rings the temperature change of the molten metal around outskirt with faster
It should.
As previously discussed, through-hole may mechanically weaken slender body.Specifically, due to the presence of through-hole, carefully
The compression strength of long ontology reduces.As shown in Fig. 2-3 (e), in order to compensate for the relatively low compression performance of stopper according to the present invention,
Refractory can be formed raised (1bw) at the level of through-hole so that perpendicular to the horizontal stroke of central axis X 1 at through-hole horizontal plane
Section has the perimeter of bigger than the cross section at any other horizontal plane of the slender body in caput 2/3L distances.This
The simple solution of kind allows through-hole on either side by other material side joint, so as to local strengthening slender body.
As shown in Fig. 2 (c) to (e) and Fig. 8, many stoppers are configured with the protective gas pipe extended from the distal end of slender body
Line (7n), the protective gas pipeline are couple to pressurized inert gas (being usually argon gas) source, and along the block of slender body
Extension, until being located at the outlet at or near caput tip.Therefore, argon gas can inject molten metal from caput tip, should
Molten metal flows out into casting tool by filling pipe end (22d).This prevent arrived since molten metal flows into caput point
The air of locations of low pressure enters caused by Venturi effect caused by the gap formed between end and the entrance of inner nozzle.
Molten metal in tundish includes the upper strata covering slag for floating on its surface.Slag is beneficial to carry out molten metal
It is heat-insulated, itself and atmosphere are prevented, and be beneficial to draw any impurity from molten metal.When molten metal is flowed by inner nozzle
When going out into casting tool, the liquid level of molten metal declines.If all molten metals all go out from intermediate packet stream, slag will
It reaches inner nozzle and is cast in casting tool, so as to scrap monoblock strand.The liquid level of molten metal is prevented to be less than certain depth
It is important, and most importantly prevents slag from flowing into casting tool by inner port.
WO2005042183 suggests providing a kind of gas line (7n), under stress by inert gas injection to having
The caput tip of constriction is monitored the pressure in constriction downstream with establishing certain pressure.The density of slag with
The density of molten metal is very different.When the close emptying of tundish, slag inflow filling pipe end, pressure suddenly change, and can
Filling pipe end is closed to start stopper.This system there are one it is main the shortcomings that, exactly when slag is had arrived at caput tip
Argon gas pipeline outlet when, it is too late because slag has had passed through inner nozzle and has entered casting tool.In addition,
In the gap formed between caput tip and inner nozzle due to molten metal inflow, great variety, the pressure occur for pressure
Variation constantly change with the movement of stopper and the flow of molten metal.The system suggested in WO2005042183 can only
For detecting very big pressure change, as described in the literature, caput tip is reached by slag and is caused.This system is not prevented
Possibility.
In the present invention shown in Fig. 8, it is proposed that a kind of stopper, including：
Slender body, including the outer surface made of refractory material, axis X 1 extends from distal end along longitudinal direction for outer surface
Length L to caput,
Gas line (7w), the entrance including may be connected to inert gas source (7), inert gas source (7) is preferably
For argon gas, inert gas source (7) extends and is included in going out for the outer surface of slender body along a part for slender body
Mouthful, outlet is located at at least 30mm of caput tip, preferably at least 100mm, and is no more than L/2 apart from caput tip, excellent
Choosing be no more than L/3, more preferably no more than 300mm and
For measure the device for pressure measurement of gas line pressure and
Controller (7c), such as programmable logic controller (PLC) (PLC) are configured for keeping the perseverance in gas line
Determine gas flow rate, be recorded in the pressure measured in gas line, and be used for when fire resisting stopper is immersed in metal bath,
Measured pressure is associated with the immersion depth G exported, optionally for by the pressure measured and in outlet level
The presence of slag is associated at face.
By being located in the outlet of gas line from at least 100mm of caput tip, the melting at horizontal plane is being exported
Change to the moderate pressure of metal, because it by the gap between the entrance of caput tip and caput tip filling pipe end far from being formed
Venturi passage.This has the following advantages：Controller (for example, PLC) ensures the constant flow rate of gas, and can will be in gas
Function association of the pressure measured in fluid line as hydrostatic pressure (sometimes referred to as fluid pressure), itself depends on outlet
Immersion depth.Therefore controller can determine that the immersion that gas line exports is deep according to the pressure change recorded in gas line
G is spent, and due to the distance and the outlet of certain gas line of caput tip and the entrance of filling pipe end and the entrance of filling pipe end
Distance is controlled by controller, and controller can determine the fill level of molten metal in tundish immediately.In this way, may be used
Tundish is supplemented or if ladle is unavailable, makes a reservation for ginseng when fill level is less than to provide instruction to ladle
When examining value, inner nozzle is closed with stopper.
As described in WO2005042183, when slag reaches the outlet of gas line, due to molten metal and slag it
Between density variation, significant pressure change is recorded.The system of WO2005042183 only relies on arrival and is located at caput tip
Gas line outlet slag, slag reach outlet when it is too late.This system determines the instant fill level of tundish, and
Time enough, which is left, for operating personnel or computer is not disrupted to take adequate measures with ensuring to cast.However,
In the case of the system failure, such as due to the prior pressure oscillation coped with than system, when slag reaches gas line
During outlet, system will detect main pressure change, as described in WO2005042183.However, advantage here is that, by
In the outlet of gas line apart from caput tip at least 100mm, so when slag reaches gas line outlet, reached in slag
There is the time of reaction before the internal mouth of a river.
In a preferred embodiment, the stopper setting including above-mentioned through-hole is just like Fig. 2 (d) and (e) and gas shown in Fig. 8
Fluid line (7w) for determine tundish liquid level.Therefore, stopper of the invention preferably includes channel (7w), the channel packet
The entrance that may be connected to inert gas source (7) (preferably argon gas) is included, which extends and wrap along a part for slender body
Include mouth, the outlet is at the peripheral wall of slender bodies, near through-hole, but not at through-hole wall and with caput tip it
Between distance between 100mm and L/2.In this embodiment, fire resisting stopper further includes：For measuring pressure in gas line
Device for pressure measurement (7p)；And controller (7c) (such as PLC or equivalent calculator), maintain the constant gas in gas line
Body flow, and be configured to when refractory material stopper is dipped into metal bath, by the pressure and the immersion depth G of outlet
It is associated.Same controller can also be run about the real time algorithm for measuring pressure, so as to work as slag and molten steel before outlet
Side by when, the interface between slag and molten steel is detected according to the density variation between metal bath and slag.This feature
It is particularly useful when metallurgical tank discharges.
Stopper according to the present invention can also include such as Fig. 2 (c) to (e) and protective gas pipeline (7n) shown in Fig. 8,
Entrance including may be connected to inert gas (preferably argon gas) source (7), the gas line along slender body extend and
Include outlet at caput tip.Protective gas pipeline (7n) in the molten metal flowed out by inner nozzle for forming indifferent gas
Body layer.
| Number | Feature |
| 1 b | Block |
| 1 bw | Projection portion |
| 1 d | Distally |
| 1 n | Caput tip |
| 1 w | Peripheral wall |
| 1 | Elongated stopper |
| 2 a | Via openings |
| 2 | Through-hole |
| 3 c | Insertion piece |
| 3 i | Inner region |
| 3 o | Outskirt |
| 3 p | Protrusion |
| 4 | Inner cavity |
| 5 | Inner region temperature measuring equipment |
| 7 c | Controller (such as PLC) |
| 7 n | Argon gas pipeline at caput tip |
| 7 p | Device for pressure measurement |
| 7 w | Argon gas pipeline at peripheral wall (far from caput tip) |
| 7 | Inert gas source |
| 10 | Molten metal |
| 21 | Ladle |
| 22 d | Filling pipe end |
| 22 | Tundish |
| 23 | Crystallizer |
Claims (17)
1. a kind of for controlling the fire resisting stopper (1) of molten metal outflow metallurgical tank, the fire resisting stopper includes：
(a) slender body, including the block (1b) for being made of refractory material and being limited by peripheral wall (1w), the slender body edge
Longitudinal axis X1 from distal end (1d) development length L to caput tip (1n) and
(b) it is described interior for measuring the device (5) of the temperature at the inner region (3i) in the block of the slender body
Material bands of the area by minimum thickness t are separated with the outskirt (3o) outside the block positioned at the slender body, wherein
The transient temperature of outskirt described in the temperature representative of the inner region,
It is characterized in that, the slender body includes through-hole (2), the through-hole (2) is along transverse axis X2 transverse extents D
Across the slender body, the transverse axis X2 is preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X1, and by from the first opening
The through-hole wall that periphery extends to the periphery of the second opening limits, and first opening (2a) and second opening (2a) are positioned at institute
State at peripheral wall, and, which is characterized in that the outskirt belong to the through-hole wall and with the caput tip separation distance M, it is described
Distance M is less than 2/3rds, the M≤2/3L, 1/3rd, the M of preferably smaller than described length L of the length L of the slender body
≤1/3L。
2. fire resisting stopper according to claim 1, wherein, X2 is perpendicular to X1, and wherein described through-hole is about following
Symmetrically：(a) plane (X1, X2) and/or (b) is perpendicular to X2 and the plane including X1 and/or (c) are perpendicular to X1 and including X2
Plane and/or (d) described axis X 2.
3. fire resisting stopper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein：
The through-hole has perpendicular to the cross section of X2, and the cross section is at least along the area of the entire length D
900mm2And/or
The through-hole has height H, and the longitudinal direction is parallel between the opposite segments of the outskirt and the through-hole wall
Axis X 1 measures, and the height H is between the 1% and 12% of the length L of the slender body, 0.01L≤H≤0.12L；
And/or
The through-hole has width W, along the orientation measurement perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X1 and the transverse axis X2, institute
Width W is stated between 1/2wx and 3wx, preferably between wx and 2wx, wherein wx be measure along the direction identical with W described in
The width of inner region.
4. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein first opening and the described second opening have
There are the cross section selected from rectangle, ellipse or rectangle part with the combination of oval part, and wherein described inner region and the outskirt
In each preferably include part parallel to each other, the part be preferably plane or including single-curved surface or hyperbolic
Face.
5. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the outskirt is formed from the through-hole wall
The protrusion (3p) that surface protrudes.
6. fire resisting stopper according to claim 5, wherein, the protrusion is inverted hollow mitriform, is had towards institute
State the opening of the distal end of slender body and phase that is prominent from the surface of the through-hole and being parallel to the longitudinal axis X1 extensions
To blind end.
7. fire resisting stopper according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the protrusion has：
Width d, between the 50% and 100% of the width W of the through-hole, 1/2W≤d≤W, preferably in the width
It spends between the 60% and 90% of W, 0.6W≤d≤0.9W, wherein d and W are along perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X1 and the transverse direction
The same direction of axis X 2 measure and/or
10% and the 75% of height h, the height H between the opposite segments of the outskirt and the through-hole wall it
Between, 0.1H≤h≤0.75H, preferably between the 25% and 60% of the height H, 0.25H≤h≤0.6H, wherein h and H along
The same direction for being parallel to the longitudinal axis X1 measures.
8. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the apparatus for measuring temperature (5) is
Leucoscope or thermocouple.
9. fire resisting stopper according to claim 8, wherein, the slender bodies includes inner cavity (4), and the inner cavity (4) is from opening
Mouth extends to the blind end to form the inner region (3i) in the openend of the slender body far-end, and wherein, the light
The adjacent open end that pyrometer is located at the inner cavity is learned, with the inner region optical communication formed by the blind end.
10. fire resisting stopper according to claim 9, wherein the blind end for forming the inner cavity of the inner region is hanging down
Directly in the projection in the plane of the longitudinal axis X1 have area A3i, the area A3i the 4% of area A1w and 75% it
Between, 0.04A1w≤A3i≤0.75A1w, the area A1w are the peripheral wall of the slender body in the inner region and described
Perpendicular to the area of the cross section of the longitudinal axis X1, the area A3i at the horizontal plane of cross-shaped portion between longitudinal axis X1
It is preferred that between the 4% to 50% of the area A1w, 0.04A1w≤A3i≤0.5A1w.
11. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the inner region (3i) and the outskirt (30)
It is the part for insertion piece (3c) being adhered in the block of the slender body.
12. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the first refractory material forms described elongated
At least the 70% of bulk volume, and wherein, by the inner region and the outer material bands distinguished by with described the
Second different of refractory material of a kind of refractory material is made, and second of refractory material has than the first described fire proofed wood
Expect higher thermal conductivity.
13. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, the slender body is in the water of the through-hole
It is formed at plane raised (1bw) so that compare institute perpendicular to the cross section of the longitudinal axis X1 on the horizontal plane of the through-hole
Stating cross section of the slender body on any other horizontal plane in the distance apart from the caput 2/3L has the perimeter of bigger.
14. fire resisting stopper according to any one of the preceding claims, including channel (7w), the channel (7w) is including can
The entrance of inert gas source is connected to, the inert gas is preferably argon gas, and the channel is along one of the slender body
Point extend and including outlet, the outlet at the peripheral wall of the slender body, adjacent to the through-hole but be not described
At through-hole wall, and with the distance between the caput tip between 100mm and L/2, the fire resisting stopper, which further includes, to be used for
The device for pressure measurement (7p) of pressure and controller (7c) in gas line are measured, is suitable for being recorded in constant gas
The pressure measured in gas line changed over time under flow velocity, and for being dipped into the metal when the fire resisting stopper
It is when in melt that the pressure is associated with the immersion depth G of the outlet.
15. a kind of for controlling the fire resisting stopper of molten metal outflow metallurgical tank, the fire resisting stopper includes：
Slender body, including the outer surface made of refractory material, the slender body along longitudinal direction axis X 1 from distally prolonging
Elongation L to caput,
Gas line (7w), the entrance including may be connected to inert gas source (7), the inert gas is preferably argon gas,
A part for the gas line along the slender body extends and is included in the outlet of the outer surface of the slender bodies, institute
It states outlet to be located at away from the caput tip at least 30mm, preferably at least 100mm, and is no more than L/2 away from caput tip, preferably
No more than L/3, more preferably no more than 300mm and
For measure the device for pressure measurement of the pressure in gas line (7p) and
Controller (7c) is configured to maintain the constant gas flow rate in the gas line, is recorded in the gas line
In the pressure that measures, and for when the fire resisting stopper is immersed in metal bath, by the pressure measured and institute
The immersion depth G for stating outlet is associated, and optionally, for by the pressure measured with it is described outlet horizontal plane at melt
The presence of slag is associated.
16. a kind of fire resisting stopper includes the arbitrary combination of any one technical characteristic or technical characteristic described in claim 1-14.
17. a kind of fire resisting stopper includes the arbitrary combination of any one technical characteristic or technical characteristic described in claim 15.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16203570.3 | 2016-12-12 | ||
| EP16203570 | 2016-12-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108213400A true CN108213400A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
Family
ID=57544306
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711307125.9A Pending CN108213400A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2017-12-11 | Equipped with the stopper of the temperature measuring equipment of one |
| CN201721710628.6U Expired - Fee Related CN208322095U (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2017-12-11 | Fire resisting stopper |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721710628.6U Expired - Fee Related CN208322095U (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2017-12-11 | Fire resisting stopper |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN108213400A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201829094A (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2018108789A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108817369A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-16 | 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 | A kind of multi-functional stopper |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109590456B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-09-15 | 沈阳泰合冶金测控技术有限公司 | Breathable stopper rod with temperature measurement function |
| WO2024007045A1 (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2024-01-11 | Fill Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Melt transport device, melt transport device provided with a lance, and method for producing a lance for the melt transport device |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2912311A1 (en) | 1979-03-28 | 1980-10-09 | Annawerk Gmbh | Casting vessel fitted with stopper rod contg. thermocouple - for measuring temp. of molten metal just above bottom pour outlet nozzle |
| GB8411596D0 (en) * | 1984-05-05 | 1984-06-13 | Thor Ceramics Ltd | Stopper |
| DE4142773A1 (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-24 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | PLUG FOR METALLURGICAL VESSELS |
| DE19752548A1 (en) * | 1997-11-27 | 1999-06-10 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Adjusting and maintaining the temperature of a steel melt during continuous casting |
| SE527477C2 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2006-03-21 | Mefos Metallurg Res I Ab | Ways to detect slag blend |
| WO2005059185A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-30 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Temperature sensing stopper rod |
| JP2009090323A (en) | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-30 | Furukawa Sky Kk | Continuous casting machine and continuous casting method |
| KR101063466B1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-09-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | Stopper and Stopper Assembly |
| DE502009000331D1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2011-03-03 | Refractory Intellectual Prop | Fireproof ceramic plug |
| EP2338621A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-29 | SMS Concast AG | Stopper rod in a metallurgical container |
| CA2934583C (en) | 2014-01-08 | 2022-08-30 | Vesuvius Group, Sa | Optical pyrometer. |
| AT517130A1 (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-15 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Slag detection in a distributor of a continuous casting plant |
-
2017
- 2017-12-11 CN CN201711307125.9A patent/CN108213400A/en active Pending
- 2017-12-11 CN CN201721710628.6U patent/CN208322095U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2017-12-11 WO PCT/EP2017/082179 patent/WO2018108789A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-12-11 WO PCT/EP2017/082178 patent/WO2018108788A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-12-11 TW TW106143376A patent/TW201829094A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108817369A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-16 | 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 | A kind of multi-functional stopper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018108788A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
| TW201829094A (en) | 2018-08-16 |
| CN208322095U (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| WO2018108789A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |