CN108203612B - Additive, method and device for burning eastern Junggar coal - Google Patents

Additive, method and device for burning eastern Junggar coal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108203612B
CN108203612B CN201611177908.5A CN201611177908A CN108203612B CN 108203612 B CN108203612 B CN 108203612B CN 201611177908 A CN201611177908 A CN 201611177908A CN 108203612 B CN108203612 B CN 108203612B
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coal
additive
combustion
burning
fired boiler
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CN108203612A (en
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郭增昌
张大德
彭江华
银波
李西良
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Xinte Energy Co Ltd
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Xinte Energy Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
    • C10L2200/0272—Silicon containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
    • F23K2201/50—Blending
    • F23K2201/505—Blending with additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2203/00—Feeding arrangements
    • F23K2203/10—Supply line fittings
    • F23K2203/104—Metering devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an additive, a method and a device for burning eastern Junggar coal, wherein the additive for burning eastern Junggar coal comprises the following components: the catalyst comprises silicate minerals, an acid gas absorbent, an alkali absorbent, a sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and a nucleating agent, wherein the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide. The additive for burning the eastern Junggar coal has strong coking inhibition capability and low cost. The method and the device for burning the eastern Junggar coal can better promote the additive to burn with the eastern Junggar coal, improve the coking inhibition capability, increase the retention time of the additive in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler and inhibit the pollution and corrosion of the heat exchange tube surface of the coal-fired boiler. The additive, the method and the device for burning the east China coal successfully solve the problems of pollution and corrosion of the whole flue of a large supercritical boiler unit of a coal-fired boiler burning the east China coal.

Description

Additive, method and device for burning eastern Junggar coal
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal combustion, and particularly relates to an additive, a method and a device for combusting eastern Junggar coal.
Background
Xinjiang east is an area with extremely enriched coal resource reserves, the reserves are predicted to reach 3900 hundred million tons, the coal resource reserves are cumulatively detected to be 2136 hundred million tons at present, the finished coal area of the coal field is 1.4 thousand square kilometers, and the Xinjiang east is the largest integral coal field in China at present. The Xinjiang east Junggong coal has the advantages of huge reserve, low mining cost, good reactivity, low ignition point, high burnout rate, high combustion economy and less pollutant discharge, and is excellent coal for power. However, the eastern Junggar coal has low ash melting point, high contents of calcium, sodium, potassium and iron oxide in ash, water content of 30-40 wt%, especially the total content of sodium oxide in coal is more than 3-5 wt%, and the sodium content of some mining areas is as high as more than 10-15 wt%, which is far higher than that of power coal in other areas. Sodium in coal is an important factor causing contamination of heat exchange surfaces in the combustion process of the coal in a boiler, so that the combustion utilization of high-sodium coal is greatly limited. At present, the utilization of Donghuo sodium coal is mainly solved by blending and burning coal with weak dirt-staining property, but the control method can only slow down the dirt and cannot fundamentally solve the problem. Although the additive exists in the prior art, the capability of inhibiting the contamination of the heat exchange surface is poor, the cost is too high in practical use, and the additive is unacceptable for enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, provides an additive, a method and a device for burning eastern Junggar coal, and successfully solves the problems of pollution and corrosion of the whole flue of a large supercritical boiler unit of a coal-fired boiler burning the eastern Junggar coal.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is to provide an additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, which comprises the following components: the catalyst comprises silicate minerals, an acid gas absorbent, an alkali absorbent, a sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and a nucleating agent, wherein the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide. The acid gas absorbent is used for absorbing acid gas, the alkali absorbent is used for absorbing alkali, and the nucleating agent is used for nucleating fusant generated by burning the eastern Junggar coal.
Preferably, the silicate mineral is 2-10 parts by weight, the acid gas absorbent is 0.1-0.6 part by weight, the alkali absorbent is 0.1-0.3 part by weight, the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is 0.1-0.4 part by weight, and the nucleating agent is 0.003-0.008 part by weight.
Preferably, the silicate mineral comprises one or more of montmorillonite, silica fume, andalusite, kaolinite and mullite;
the acid gas absorbent comprises one or more of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesite;
the alkali absorbent is activated alumina;
the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator comprises one or more of boron oxide, ammonium borate and zinc borate;
the nucleating agent is a vitrifying agent which is used for nucleating the melt generated by burning the eastern Junggar coal and promoting the deposition and embrittlement of the melt; preferably, the vitrification agent includes a copper salt;
more preferably, the copper salt comprises one or more of basic copper carbonate, copper sulfate, copper chloride and copper oxychloride (basic copper chloride).
The inventor researches the deposition mechanism of the coal slag in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and the single ash particle is in a molten state or a plastic state when the mineral substance decomposition products in coal pass through a flame zone. If ash particles strike the inner wall of the hearth in this state, they are adhered to the inner wall and form a solid state, and finally, a large amount of the solid state is uniformly accumulated, and the accumulated materials are solidified into hard blocks and are deposited in a glass state, so that the glass state is difficult to remove. When plastic ash particles impact the upper water-cooled wall radiant tube and the hanging tube in the hearth, hard slag accumulation is formed, so that the operation of the boiler is greatly influenced, and the generation load is inevitably reduced because the flue gas channel is not smooth due to partial accumulation. Under certain conditions, the hard slag is accumulated to a certain degree to cause damage to a low-level water vapor pipeline, and the safe and reliable operation of the boiler is seriously influenced. Another hazard of slag is a vicious circle of reduced heat transfer efficiency in the radiant section, resulting in increased furnace temperatures and consequently more severe slagging.
The inventors have found that the main causes of this phenomenon are alkali metal sulfates, ferric trisulfates and pyrosulfates produced by the combustion of coal.
Na2SO4+SO3→Na2S2O7
Na2O+SO3→Na2SO4
3Na2SO4+Fe2O3+3SO3→2Na3Fe(SO4)3
3Na2SO4+Fe2(SO4)3+3SO3→2Na3Fe(SO4)3
The stable existing temperatures of the sulfate of alkali metal, the ferric trisulphate and the pyrosulfate are respectively 750-980 ℃, 450-750 ℃ and 300-450 ℃, and due to the existence of the salts, the coking of the flue beam section in the boiler hearth is difficult to remove.
In order to change the strong adhesion and strong corrosivity of the alkali metal sulfate, especially the sodium iron trisulphate, the additive of the invention comprises an acid gas absorbent and an alkali absorbent, and the physical properties of the sodium iron trisulphate are changed by adding the acid gas absorbent and the alkali absorbent with higher reactivity when coal is burnt.
MgO+SO3→MgSO4
MgSO4+Na2SO4→Na3Mg(SO4)3
2Na3Fe(SO4)3+Al2O3→2Na3Al(SO4)2+Fe2O3
Al2O3+3SO3→Al2(SO4)3
2Na3Fe(SO4)3+Al2(SO4)3→2Na3Al(SO4)2+Fe2(SO4)3
Na produced by the above reaction3Mg(SO4)3And Na3Al(SO4)2The coal-fired boiler is soft and more brittle, is not easy to adhere to the surface of a pipeline, effectively inhibits the coking of a flue beam section in a hearth of the coal-fired boiler and prevents the corrosion of the pipeline in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
In order to prevent the water wall tubes in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler from coking, the additive comprises silicate minerals, and the problem is solved by adopting a method for adding the silicate minerals when coal is combusted. Products generated by the silicate minerals at high temperature do not generate a molten state, and the formed high-melting-point particles can be adsorbed on the surfaces of molten particles (pyrite and/or magnesite decomposition products contained in coal) generated by coal combustion products, so that the adhesion of the surfaces of the molten particles is reduced, and the coking phenomenon of water cooling wall pipes in a hearth of a coal-fired boiler is effectively prevented.
The additive in the invention comprises silicate mineral and nucleating agent, and SiO released in the high-temperature transformation process of the silicate mineral2Can promote the calcium sulfate formed by the combustion of the high-temperature sections (separating screen superheater and high-temperature superheater) at the rear part of the hearth of the coal-fired boiler to be decomposed again to form anorthite (CaO. Al)2O3·2SiO2Melting point 1553 ℃ C.) and CaSiO3(melting point, 1544 ℃) synergistic effect of silicate mineral and nucleating agent, so that these high-melting products become brittle and easy to peel off, thereby reducing coking phenomenon.
In addition, the problem of plugging of the air preheater at the back end of the flue of a coal-fired boiler is related to the formation of ammonium bisulfate. NH existing in the flue at the cold end of the flue after entering SCR (denitration technology)3、SO3And H2The O reaction generates ammonium sulfate and a certain amount of ammonium bisulfate, the ammonium sulfate is dry solid powder within the operating temperature range of the air preheater of the coal-fired boiler, the influence on the preheating of air is very small, the blockage cannot be generated, the generated ammonium bisulfate has very strong adhesion and strong corrosivity, and the pollution, the corrosion and the blockage of the air preheater are caused. The acid gas absorbent and the alkali absorbent in the additive have the function of absorbing sulfur trioxide in the flue, and the sulfur trioxide is absorbed by the acid gas absorbent and the alkali absorbent, so that the amount of ammonium bisulfate generated in the flue is greatly reduced, and the problem of gradual blockage of the air preheater is effectively prevented.
The functions of the components in the additive for burning the eastern Junggar coal are as follows:
function of silicate minerals: decompose to produce high-melting-point substance, reduce the surface adhesion of molten particles, inhibit coking of water-cooled wall tubes of a hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and produce active SiO2And the decomposition of calcium sulfate is promoted.
Effect of sulfur dioxide catalyst deactivator: under the combustion condition, the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator can be burnt with catalytic active substances (Fe) in the fly ash generated by burning eastern Junggar coal2O3、V2O5) Under the combustion condition, the catalytic active substance is converted into the inactive catalytic material borate to effectively inhibit SO2Conversion to SO3. Catalytically active substance (Fe)2O3、V2O5) Capable of catalyzing SO2Conversion to SO3The sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and the catalytically active substance (Fe) in the present invention2O3、V2O5) Reaction to deactivate the catalytic active substance and effectively inhibit SO2Conversion to SO3。
The function of the alkali absorption agent: under the combustion condition, the alkali metal is adsorbed, the generation of sodium ferric sulfate and pyrosulfate with strong adhesion and corrosion is inhibited, and the effects of desulfurizing and reducing the concentration of flue acid gas are achieved, so that the blockage of the air preheater is prevented.
Action of nucleating agent: the nucleating agent, the silicate mineral, the acid gas absorbent, the alkali absorbent and the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator have synergistic effect, on one hand, the nucleating agent serves as a melt nucleating agent to reduce the sintering and slagging speed of the deposit, and on the other hand, when the nucleating agent is a vitrification agent, the vitrification agent can initiate the formation of bubbles in the coal cinder and can also initiate the crack expansion at the cavity of the coal cinder matrix, so that the deposit product in the coal-fired boiler is crisp and easy to strip.
The invention also provides a method for burning the eastern Junggar coal, which comprises the following steps:
adding the mixed coal containing the additive and the first eastern Junggar coal into a middle-upper layer combustion area of a main combustion area of the coal-fired boiler for combustion;
and adding the second eastern Junggar coal into the lower combustion zone of the main combustion zone of the coal-fired boiler for combustion.
It is preferable that the amount of the additive added to the mixed coal of the middle-upper combustion zone is controlled such that the weight percentage of the total amount of coal of the mixed coal added to the middle-upper combustion zone and the second eastern Junggar coal of the lower combustion zone is within a preset weight percentage range.
Preferably, the amount of the additive is 3 to 10 wt% of the total amount of coal added to the coal mixture of the middle-upper combustion zone and the second eastern Junggar coal of the lower combustion zone.
Preferably, the content of the additive in the mixed coal is 15-30 wt%.
Preferably, the combustion heat value in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is detected, and when the combustion heat value is higher than a preset combustion heat value, the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is reduced; and when the combustion heat value is lower than a preset combustion heat value, increasing the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of detecting the amount of coke obtained by combustion in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and reducing the weight of an additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler when the amount of coke obtained by combustion is higher than a preset amount of coke; and when the coke quantity obtained by combustion is lower than the preset coke quantity, increasing the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising:
the first coal mill is used for receiving the additive and the first eastern Junggar coal to form mixed coal and grinding the mixed coal;
the second coal mill is used for receiving and milling second eastern Junggar coal;
the coal-fired boiler comprises a coal-fired boiler, wherein a first coal mill is connected with a burner at the middle upper layer of a main combustion zone of a hearth of the coal-fired boiler, mixed coal in the first coal mill enters the burner at the middle upper layer of the main combustion zone of the hearth to be combusted, a second coal mill is connected with a burner at the lower layer of the main combustion zone of the hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and second eastern Junggar coal in the second coal mill enters the burner at the lower layer of the main combustion zone of the hearth to be combusted.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises:
the first weigher is used for weighing the additive and conveying the weighed additive to the first coal mill;
the second scale is used for weighing the east-west coal, the east-west coal comprises first east-west coal and/or second east-west coal, the second scale conveys the weighed first east-west coal to the first coal mill, and the second scale conveys the weighed second east-west coal to the second coal mill;
and the control unit is used for controlling the additive amount added into the mixed coal in the middle and upper layer combustion area to be within a preset weight percentage range of the weight percentage of the total coal amount of the mixed coal added into the middle and upper layer combustion area and the second eastern Junggar coal in the lower layer combustion area by controlling the weight of the additive weighed by the first weighing device and conveyed to the first coal mill, the weight of the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device and conveyed to the first coal mill and the weight of the second eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device and conveyed to the second coal mill.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises: the heat value detection unit is arranged in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler and is used for detecting the combustion heat value in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler and sending the combustion heat value to the control unit, and when the combustion heat value is higher than a preset combustion heat value, the control unit controls the first weighing device to reduce the weight of the additive which is weighed and added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler; and when the combustion heat value is lower than a preset combustion heat value, the control unit controls the first weighing device to increase the weight of the additive weighed and added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises: the coke value detection unit is arranged in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler and used for detecting the coke quantity obtained by combustion in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler and sending the coke quantity to the control unit, and when the coke quantity obtained by combustion is higher than the preset coke quantity, the control unit controls the first weighing device to reduce the weight of the additive weighed and added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler; and when the coke amount obtained by combustion is lower than the preset coke amount, the control unit controls the first weighing device to increase the weight of the additive weighed and added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises: the temperature detection unit is arranged at an outlet of the first coal mill and used for detecting the temperature of the outlet of the first coal mill and sending the temperature to the control unit, and when the temperature of the outlet of the first coal mill is higher than 60-65 ℃, the control unit controls the first weighing device to increase the weight of the additive added into the first coal mill; and when the temperature of the outlet of the first coal mill is lower than 60-65 ℃, the control unit controls the first weighing device to reduce the weight of the additive added into the first coal mill.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises: a conveying and mixing belt, wherein the first scale conveys the weighed additives and/or the second scale conveys the weighed coal of eastern Junggar to the conveying and mixing belt, the conveying and mixing belt is used for conveying conveyed objects, and the conveyed objects are the additives weighed by the first scale and/or the coal of eastern Junggar weighed by the second scale,
when the conveyed material conveyed by the conveying hybrid belt is second eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device, the conveying hybrid belt conveys the conveyed material to the second coal mill;
when the conveyed material conveyed by the conveying mixing belt is the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weigher and the additive weighed by the first weigher, or the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weigher, the conveying mixing belt conveys the conveyed material to the first coal mill.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises: a bi-directional conveyor belt that conveys the conveyance to the bi-directional conveyor belt, the bi-directional conveyor belt being configured to convey the conveyance to the coal pulverizer,
when the conveyed material conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt is the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device, the bidirectional conveying mixed belt conveys the conveyed material to the first coal mill;
when the conveyed material conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt is second eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device, the bidirectional conveying mixed belt conveys the conveyed material to the second coal mill;
when the conveyed materials conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt are first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weigher and additives weighed by the first weigher, the bidirectional conveying belt conveys the conveyed materials to the first coal mill towards a first direction, the bidirectional conveying belt conveys the conveyed materials to the coal blending pile towards the direction opposite to the first direction, and the coal blending pile is used for storing blended coal;
when the conveyed material conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt is the additive weighed by the first scale, the bidirectional conveying belt conveys the conveyed material to the first coal mill.
Preferably, the coal-fired boiler is a location where the coal of the eastern Junggar is burned, further comprising: the raw coal bin is arranged between the bidirectional conveying belt and the second coal mill, the raw coal bin is connected with the second coal mill, and the bidirectional conveying belt conveys second eastern Junggar coal to the raw coal bin and then to the second coal mill;
the coal mixing device is characterized in that a coal mixing bin is arranged between the two-way conveying belt and the first coal mill and connected with the first coal mill, and the two-way conveying belt conveys an additive, or first eastern Junggar coal or mixed coal to the coal mixing bin and then to the first coal mill.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises a coal conveying belt, wherein the coal conveying belt is arranged between the bidirectional conveying belt and the raw coal bin or the coal mixing bin, and the bidirectional conveying belt conveys conveyed materials on the bidirectional conveying belt to the coal conveying belt and then conveys the conveyed materials to the raw coal bin or the coal mixing bin.
Preferably, the device for burning eastern Junggar coal of the coal-fired boiler further comprises a guide plate, two ends of the guide plate are respectively connected with the coal conveying belt and the raw coal bin or the coal mixing bin, and conveyed materials on the coal conveying belt enter the raw coal bin or the coal mixing bin through the guide plate in a guide mode.
Preferably, the particle size of the additive entering the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is less than 5 cm.
The method of burning eastern Junggar coal in the present invention is carried out using the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal in the present invention.
The additive for burning the eastern Junggar coal has strong coking inhibition capability and low cost. The method and the device for burning the eastern Junggar coal can better promote the additive to burn with the eastern Junggar coal, improve the coking inhibition capability, increase the retention time of the additive in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler and inhibit the pollution and corrosion of the heat exchange tube surface of the coal-fired boiler. The additive, the method and the device for burning the east China coal successfully solve the problems of pollution and corrosion of the whole flue of a large supercritical boiler unit of a coal-fired boiler burning the east China coal.
After the quasi-east coal combustion additive, the method and the device are used for combusting the quasi-east coal, ash coal with high coking rate in a hearth, a superheater tube bundle and a horizontal flue of a coal-fired boiler is reduced, no large hard coking blocks fall off, slag discharging of the boiler is uniform, the smoke temperature is averagely reduced by 20-80 ℃ under the condition of the same load, and the load is easy to stabilize. In the continuous test process, the boiler slag discharge amount is stable, the hard coke falling condition of large blocks is rare, the impact of the hard coke on a cold ash bucket is reduced, and the black hard blocks which are not fully combusted in the boiler slag discharge are fewer, mostly discharged grey slag and loose in texture. In the boiler maintenance process, the coking part is observed by entering the boiler, the coking on the superheater tube bundle of the boiler is found to be cohered or weakly cohered, and the ash layer is cohered into hard slag which is easy to clean and peel. The combustible substance of the fly ash is reduced, and the novel additive can not cause the blockage of SCR (denitration system) in the using process. In the trial process of the novel additive, NO influence on denitration, desulfuration and dust removal or reduction of NO is avoidedxAnd (4) discharging.
In addition, compared with the use of high-ash coal, the device for burning the eastern Junggar coal in the embodiment can reduce the coal consumption by 11 g/kW.h, save 264 tons of burning coal for each unit every day, and is converted into 3.0756 ten thousand yuan; the material cost can be saved by 2.2625 ten thousand for each unit; the power consumption of a single unit plant is reduced by 0.5% every day, and the saved cost is reduced by 0.215 ten thousand per day. The 350MW unit saves 5.5531 ten thousand yuan per day on average.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal in example 10 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. 2, 3, 4-first coal mill; 5. 6-a second coal mill; 7-a coal-fired boiler; 8-a first scale; 9-a second scale; 10-a control unit; 11-a calorific value detection unit; 12-a focal value detection unit; 13-a temperature detection unit; 14-conveying a hybrid belt; 15-a bidirectional conveyor belt; 16-mixed coal pile; 21. 22-raw coal bunker; 17. 18, 19, 20-coal mixing bunker; 23-a coal conveying belt; 24-a baffle; 25-flue heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising: the sulfur dioxide catalyst deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and the nucleating agent is used for nucleating a melt generated by burning Jundong coal and promoting melt deposition embrittlement.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising: 2 parts of silicate mineral, 0.6 part of acid gas absorbent, 0.2 part of alkali absorbent, 0.25 part of sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and 0.003 part of nucleating agent. The sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and the nucleating agent is used for nucleating a melt generated by burning eastern Junggar coal and promoting melt deposition embrittlement. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the silicate mineral is montmorillonite and silica fume;
the acid gas absorbent is magnesium oxide;
the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is boron oxide;
the nucleating agent is copper salt, and the copper salt is basic copper carbonate, copper oxychloride and copper sulfate (the weight ratio is 1:1: 1).
The silicate mineral which enters the hearth of the coal-fired boiler together with coal comprises Al2O3·nSiO2(n is 0.5 to 3), the main chemical changes that occur: firstly, dehydration is carried out at about 500 ℃ to form modified silicate mineral (2 Al)2O3·3SiO2Melting point 1590 ℃); when the temperature reaches 925 ℃, the silicon spinel is converted into silicon spinel; when the temperature is raised to 1100 ℃, the mullite is converted into mullite (Al)2O3·SiO2Melting point 1810 ℃); when the temperature is increased to 1400 ℃, the mullite is converted into mullite (3 Al)2O3·2SiO2Melting point 1850 ℃ C. Because the temperature of the hearth does not exceed 1600 ℃, the high-temperature change product of the silicate mineral can not be in a molten state, and the formed high-melting-point particles can be adsorbed on the surfaces of the molten particles (pyrite and/or magnesite decomposition products contained in coal) generated by the coal combustion product, so that the adhesion of the surfaces of the molten particles is reduced, and the coking phenomenon of the water cooling wall pipe in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is effectively prevented. Furthermore, SiO liberated during the high-temperature transformation of silicate minerals2Can promote the decomposition of calcium sulfate formed by the combustion of high-temperature sections (separating screen superheater and high-temperature superheater) at the rear part of the hearth to form anorthite (CaO. Al)2O3·2SiO2Melting point 1553 ℃ C.) and CaSiO3The synergistic effect of the mixture (melting point, 1544 ℃) and the nucleating agent (copper salt) makes these high-melting products brittle and easy to flake off.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides an additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising: 10 parts of silicate mineral, 0.1 part of acid gas absorbent, 0.1 part of alkali absorbent, 0.1 part of sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and 0.005 part of nucleating agent. The sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and the nucleating agent is used for nucleating a melt generated by burning eastern Junggar coal and promoting melt deposition embrittlement. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the silicate mineral is mullite;
the acid gas absorbent is magnesite;
the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is ammonium borate;
the nucleating agent is copper salt, and the copper salt is a vitrifying agent.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides an additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising: 8 parts of silicate mineral, 0.4 part of acid gas absorbent, 0.3 part of alkali absorbent, 0.4 part of sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and 0.008 part of nucleating agent. The sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and the nucleating agent is used for nucleating a melt generated by burning eastern Junggar coal and promoting melt deposition embrittlement. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the silicate mineral is kaolinite;
the acid gas absorbent is magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide (the weight ratio is 2: 1);
the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is zinc borate;
the nucleating agent is copper salt, and the copper salt is copper chloride.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides an additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising: 6 parts of silicate mineral, 0.2 part of acid gas absorbent, 0.2 part of alkali absorbent, 0.3 part of sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and 0.007 part of nucleating agent. The sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and the nucleating agent is used for nucleating a melt generated by burning eastern Junggar coal and promoting melt deposition embrittlement. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the silicate mineral is andalusite and kaolinite (the weight ratio is 1: 2);
the acid gas absorbent is magnesite;
the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is boron oxide;
the nucleating agent is a vitrifying agent, the vitrifying agent is copper salt, and the copper salt is copper sulfate.
The inventor researches the deposition mechanism of the coal slag in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and the single ash particle is in a molten state or a plastic state when the mineral substance decomposition products in coal pass through a flame zone. If ash particles strike the inner wall of the hearth in this state, they are adhered to the inner wall and form a solid state, and finally, a large amount of the solid state is uniformly accumulated, and the accumulated materials are solidified into hard blocks and are deposited in a glass state, so that the glass state is difficult to remove. When plastic ash particles impact the upper water-cooled wall radiant tube and the hanging tube in the hearth, hard slag accumulation is formed, so that the operation of the boiler is greatly influenced, and the generation load is inevitably reduced because the flue gas channel is not smooth due to partial accumulation. Under certain conditions, the hard slag is accumulated to a certain degree to cause damage to a low-level water vapor pipeline, and the safe and reliable operation of the boiler is seriously influenced. Another hazard of slag is a vicious circle of reduced heat transfer efficiency in the radiant section, resulting in increased furnace temperatures and consequently more severe slagging.
The inventors have found that the main causes of this phenomenon are alkali metal sulfates, ferric trisulfates and pyrosulfates produced by the combustion of coal.
Na2SO4+SO3→Na2S2O7
Na2O+SO3→Na2SO4
3Na2SO4+Fe2O3+3SO3→2Na3Fe(SO4)3
Al2O3+3SO3→Al2(SO4)3
3Na2SO4+Fe2(SO4)3+3SO3→2Na3Fe(SO4)3
The stable existing temperatures of the sulfate of alkali metal, the ferric trisulphate and the pyrosulfate are respectively 750-980 ℃, 450-750 ℃ and 300-450 ℃, and due to the existence of the salts, the coking of the flue beam section in the boiler hearth is difficult to remove.
In order to change the strong adhesion and strong corrosivity of the alkali metal sulfate, especially the sodium iron trisulphate, the additive of the invention comprises an acid gas absorbent and an alkali absorbent, and the physical properties of the sodium iron trisulphate are changed by adding the acid gas absorbent and the alkali absorbent with higher reactivity when coal is burnt.
MgO+SO3→MgSO4
MgSO4+Na2SO4→Na3Mg(SO4)3
2Na3Fe(SO4)3+Al2O3→2Na3Al(SO4)2+Fe2O3
2Na3Fe(SO4)3+Al2(SO4)3→2Na3Al(SO4)2+Fe2(SO4)3(Al2(SO4)3
Na produced by the above reaction3Mg(SO4)3And Na3Al(SO4)2The coal-fired boiler is soft and more brittle, is not easy to adhere to the surface of a pipeline, effectively inhibits the coking of a flue beam section in a hearth of the coal-fired boiler and prevents the corrosion of the pipeline in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
In order to prevent the water wall tubes in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler from coking, the additive comprises silicate minerals, and the problem is solved by adopting a method for adding the silicate minerals when coal is combusted. Products generated by the silicate minerals at high temperature do not generate a molten state, and the formed high-melting-point particles can be adsorbed on the surfaces of molten particles (pyrite and/or magnesite decomposition products contained in coal) generated by coal combustion products, so that the adhesion of the surfaces of the molten particles is reduced, and the coking phenomenon of water cooling wall pipes in a hearth of a coal-fired boiler is effectively prevented.
The additive in the invention comprises silicate mineral and nucleating agent, and SiO released in the high-temperature transformation process of the silicate mineral2Can promote the combustion of high-temperature sections (separating screen superheater and high-temperature superheater) at the rear part of the hearth of the coal-fired boilerThe formed calcium sulfate is decomposed again to form anorthite (CaO. Al)2O3·2SiO2Melting point 1553 ℃ C.) and CaSiO3(melting point, 1544 ℃) synergistic effect of silicate mineral and nucleating agent, so that these high-melting products become brittle and easy to peel off, thereby reducing coking phenomenon.
In addition, the problem of plugging of the air preheater at the back end of the flue of a coal-fired boiler is related to the formation of ammonium bisulfate. NH existing in the flue at the cold end of the flue after entering SCR (denitration technology)3、SO3And H2The O reaction generates ammonium sulfate and a certain amount of ammonium bisulfate, the ammonium sulfate is dry solid powder within the operating temperature range of the air preheater of the coal-fired boiler, the influence on the preheating of air is very small, the blockage cannot be generated, the generated ammonium bisulfate has very strong adhesion and strong corrosivity, and the pollution, the corrosion and the blockage of the air preheater are caused. The acid gas absorbent and the alkali absorbent in the additive have the function of absorbing sulfur trioxide in the flue, and the sulfur trioxide is absorbed by the acid gas absorbent and the alkali absorbent, so that the amount of ammonium bisulfate generated in the flue is greatly reduced, and the problem of gradual blockage of the air preheater is effectively prevented.
The functions of the components in the additive for burning the eastern Junggar coal are as follows:
function of silicate minerals: decompose to produce high-melting-point substance, reduce the surface adhesion of molten particles, inhibit coking of water-cooled wall tubes of a hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and produce active SiO2And the decomposition of calcium sulfate is promoted.
The acid gas absorbent is magnesite which contains magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, the magnesite is decomposed to generate active CaO and active MgO, the active MgO and the active CaO in the coal have a synergistic effect, the generation of sodium ferric sulfate and pyrosulfate with strong adhesiveness and corrosivity is inhibited, and the generated sodium ferric sulfate and pyrosulfate and the nucleating agent have a synergistic effect, so that a deposition product is more crisp. And due to the desulfurization effect of the acid gas absorbent, the concentration of sulfur-containing oxides at the tail end of the flue is obviously reduced, the generation of ammonium bisulfate is inhibited, and the blockage of an air preheater of the coal-fired boiler is prevented.
Sulfur dioxide catalysisAction of the inactivating agent: under the combustion condition, the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator can be burnt with catalytic active substances (Fe) in the fly ash generated by burning eastern Junggar coal2O3、V2O5) Under the combustion condition, the catalytic active substance is converted into the inactive catalytic material borate to effectively inhibit SO2Conversion to SO3. Catalytically active substance (Fe)2O3、V2O5) Capable of catalyzing SO2Conversion to SO3The sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and the catalytically active substance (Fe) in the present invention2O3、V2O5) Reaction to deactivate the catalytic active substance and effectively inhibit SO2Conversion to SO3。
The function of the alkali absorption agent: under the combustion condition, the alkali metal is adsorbed, the generation of sodium ferric sulfate and pyrosulfate with strong adhesion and corrosion is inhibited, and the effects of desulfurizing and reducing the concentration of flue acid gas are achieved, so that the blockage of the air preheater is prevented.
Action of nucleating agent: the nucleating agent, the silicate mineral, the acid gas absorbent, the alkali absorbent and the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator have synergistic effect, on one hand, the nucleating agent serves as a melt nucleating agent to reduce the sintering and slagging speed of the deposit, and on the other hand, when the nucleating agent is a vitrification agent, the vitrification agent can initiate the formation of bubbles in the coal cinder and can also initiate the crack expansion at the cavity of the coal cinder matrix, so that the deposit product in the coal-fired boiler is crisp and easy to strip.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a method for burning eastern Junggar coal, which comprises the following steps:
adding the mixed coal containing the additive of any one of embodiments 1-5 and the first eastern Junggar coal into a middle-upper layer combustion area of a main combustion area of a coal-fired boiler for combustion;
and adding the second eastern Junggar coal into the lower combustion zone of the main combustion zone of the coal-fired boiler for combustion.
It is preferable that the amount of the additive added to the mixed coal of the middle-upper combustion zone is controlled such that the weight percentage of the total amount of coal of the mixed coal added to the middle-upper combustion zone and the second eastern Junggar coal of the lower combustion zone is within a preset weight percentage range.
It is to be noted that the amount of the additive in this example is 3 wt% of the total coal amount of the mixed coal added to the middle-upper combustion zone and the second eastern Junggar coal in the lower combustion zone.
In this example, the content of the additive in the coal blend was 22 wt%.
Preferably, the combustion heat value in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is detected, and when the combustion heat value is higher than a preset combustion heat value, the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler is reduced; and when the combustion heat value is lower than a preset combustion heat value, increasing the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of detecting the amount of coke obtained by combustion in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and reducing the weight of an additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler when the amount of coke obtained by combustion is higher than a preset amount of coke; and when the coke quantity obtained by combustion is lower than the preset coke quantity, increasing the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
Example 7
This example provides a method of burning eastern Junggar coal, and differs from example 6 in that: the amount of the additive in this embodiment is 7 wt% of the total coal amount of the mixed coal added to the middle-upper combustion zone and the east-west coal of the lower combustion zone, and the content of the additive in the mixed coal is 15 wt%.
Example 8
This example provides a method of burning eastern Junggar coal, and differs from example 6 in that: the amount of the additive in this embodiment is 10 wt% of the total coal amount of the mixed coal added to the middle-upper combustion zone and the east-west coal of the lower combustion zone, and the content of the additive in the mixed coal is 30 wt%.
Example 9
The present embodiment provides an apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising:
the first coal mill is used for receiving the additive in any one of the embodiments 1-5 and the first eastern Junggar coal to form mixed coal and grinding the mixed coal;
the second coal mill is used for receiving and milling second eastern Junggar coal;
the coal-fired boiler, the first coal pulverizer is connected with the burner of upper strata in the main combustion area of furnace of coal-fired boiler's furnace, and the coal mixture in the first coal pulverizer gets into the burner of upper strata in the main combustion area of furnace and burns, and the second coal pulverizer is connected with the burner of the main combustion area of furnace lower floor of coal-fired boiler's furnace, and the coal of east of the accurate of second coal pulverizer gets into the burner of the main combustion area of furnace lower floor and burns.
The device for burning eastern Junggar coal in this example was used to burn eastern Junggar coal by any of the methods for burning eastern Junggar coal in examples 6 to 8.
Example 10
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising:
a first weighing device 8 for weighing the additive according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5 and feeding the weighed additive to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4;
a second scale 9 for weighing the eastern Junggar coal, the eastern Junggar coal including a first eastern Junggar coal and/or a second eastern Junggar coal, the second scale 9 conveying the weighed first eastern Junggar coal to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4, the second scale 9 conveying the weighed second eastern Junggar coal to the second coal mill 5/6;
a first coal mill 1/2/3/4 for receiving the additive weighed by the first scale 8 and the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second scale 9 to form mixed coal and grinding the mixed coal;
a second coal mill 5/6 for receiving and grinding the second eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device 9;
coal-fired boiler 7, wherein the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 is connected with the burner at the upper layer in the main combustion zone of the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7, the mixed coal in the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 enters the burner at the upper layer in the main combustion zone of the furnace for combustion, the second coal mill 5/6 is connected with the burner at the lower layer in the main combustion zone of the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7, and the second coal in the second coal mill 5/6 enters the burner at the lower layer in the main combustion zone of the furnace for combustion;
and a control unit 10 for controlling the amount of the additive added to the coal mixture in the middle-upper combustion zone to be within a preset weight percentage range of the weight percentage of the total amount of the coal mixture added to the middle-upper combustion zone and the second coal mixture in the lower combustion zone by controlling the weight of the additive weighed by the first scale 8 and fed to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4, the weight of the first coal in the first east, weighed by the second scale 9 and fed to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4, and the weight of the second coal in the second east, weighed by the second scale 9 and fed to the second coal mill 5/6. The additive in this embodiment is milled simultaneously with the first east Junggar coal in the coal blend at the first mill 1/2/3/4, thus avoiding separate milling of the additive and increasing production efficiency.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: a heat value detection unit 11 arranged in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler 7, wherein the heat value detection unit 11 is used for detecting the combustion heat value in the hearth of the coal-fired boiler 7 and sending the combustion heat value to the control unit 10, and when the combustion heat value is higher than a preset combustion heat value, the control unit 10 controls the first weighing device 8 to reduce the weight of the additive weighed and added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler 7; when the combustion calorific value is lower than a preset combustion calorific value, the control unit 10 controls the first scale 8 to increase the weight of the additive weighed into the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7. Because the amount of the base ash received by the eastern Junggar coal is 3-4.5 wt.%, the base ash received by the fire coal specified by the national standard is generally controlled to be 13-16 wt.%, the ash content in the eastern Junggar coal after combustion is too small, the scouring action disappears, and the small amount of ash is easy to cause coking, the addition of the additive needs to consider the original base ash content (from the coal quality report detection result) of the eastern Junggar coal on one hand and the total ash content to meet the national standard requirement on the other hand.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: a coke value detection unit 12 arranged in the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7, wherein the coke value detection unit 12 is used for detecting the amount of coke obtained by combustion in the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7 and sending the detected coke amount to the control unit 10, and when the amount of coke obtained by combustion is higher than a preset coke amount, the control unit 10 controls the first weighing device 8 to reduce the weight of the additive weighed and added into the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7; when the amount of coke obtained by the combustion is less than a preset amount of coke, the control unit 10 controls the first scale 8 to increase the weight of the additive weighed into the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: the temperature detection unit 13 is arranged at the outlet of the first coal mill 1/2/3/4, the temperature detection unit 13 is used for detecting the temperature at the outlet of the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 and sending the temperature to the control unit 10, and when the temperature at the outlet of the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 is higher than 60-65 ℃, the control unit 10 controls the first scale 8 to increase the weight of the additive added to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4; when the temperature at the outlet of the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 is lower than 60-65 ℃, the control unit 10 controls the first scale 8 to reduce the weight of the additive weighed into the first coal mill 1/2/3/4.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: a conveying and mixing belt 14, wherein the first scale 8 sends the weighed additives and/or the second scale 9 sends the weighed coal of eastern coal to the conveying and mixing belt 14, the conveying and mixing belt 14 is used for conveying objects, the conveying objects are the additives weighed by the first scale 8 and/or the coal of eastern eas,
when the transported substance transported by the transporting and mixing belt 14 is the second eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device 9, the transporting and mixing belt 14 transports the transported substance to the second coal mill 5/6;
when the transported substance transported by the transporting and mixing belt 14 is the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weigher 9 and the additive weighed by the first weigher 8, or the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weigher 9, the transporting and mixing belt 14 transports the transported substance to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: a bidirectional conveying belt 15, the conveying mixing belt 14 conveys the conveyed objects to the bidirectional conveying belt 15, the bidirectional conveying belt 15 is used for conveying the conveyed objects to the coal mill,
when the conveyed material conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt 15 is the first eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weigher 9, the bidirectional conveying mixing belt 14 conveys the conveyed material to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4;
when the conveyed material conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt 15 is second eastern Junggar coal weighed by the second weighing device 9, the bidirectional conveying mixing belt 14 conveys the conveyed material to the second coal mill 5/6;
when the conveyed materials conveyed by the bidirectional conveying belt 15 are first quandong coal weighed by the second weighing device 9 and additive weighed by the first weighing device 8, the bidirectional conveying belt 15 conveys the conveyed materials to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 in a first direction, the bidirectional conveying belt 15 conveys the conveyed materials to the coal blending pile 16 in a direction opposite to the first direction, and the coal blending pile 16 is used for storing blended coal;
when the conveyed material conveyed by the bi-directional conveyor belt 15 is additive weighed by the first scale 8, the bi-directional conveyor belt 15 conveys the conveyed material to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: a raw coal bunker 21/22 and a coal blending bunker 17/18/19/20, a raw coal bunker 21/22 is arranged between the bidirectional conveying belt 15 and the second coal mill 5/6, the raw coal bunker 21/22 is connected with the second coal mill 5/6, and the bidirectional conveying belt 15 conveys second quandong coal to a raw coal bunker 21/22 and then to the second coal mill 5/6;
a coal blending bunker 17/18/19/20 is provided between the bidirectional conveyor belt 15 and the first coal mill 1/2/3/4, the coal blending bunker 17/18/19/20 is connected to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4, and the bidirectional conveyor belt 15 conveys additive, or first eastern Juniper coal, or blended coal to the coal blending bunker 17/18/19/20 and then to the first coal mill 1/2/3/4. Wherein, the raw coal bin 21/22 and the coal blending bin 17/18/19/20 can be respectively added with eastern Junggar coal or coal blending according to production conditions.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: the coal conveying belt 23 is arranged between the bidirectional conveying belt 15 and the raw coal bin 21/22 or the coal blending bin 17/18/19/20, and the conveyed materials on the bidirectional conveying belt 15 are conveyed to the coal conveying belt 23 and then conveyed to the raw coal bin 21/22 or the coal blending bin 17/18/19/20 through the coal conveying belt 23.
It should be noted that the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal of coal-fired boiler 7 in this embodiment further includes: and two ends of the guide plate 24 are respectively connected with the coal conveying belt 23 and the raw coal bin 21/22 or the coal blending bin 17/18/19/20, and conveyed materials on the coal conveying belt 23 are guided by the guide plate 24 to enter the raw coal bin 21/22 or the coal blending bin 17/18/19/20.
In this example, the particle size of the mixed coal after being ground by the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 is 5cm or less, and the particle size of the additive in the mixed coal is 5cm or less.
Specifically, the number of first scales 8 in this embodiment is 5, and first scales 8 include: the second weighing bin is used for containing eastern Junggar coal, is provided with a second weighing bin inlet and a second weighing bin outlet, the second weighing bin inlet is provided with a first valve, and the second weighing bin outlet is provided with a second valve. The control unit 10 firstly controls the second valve to be closed and the first valve to be opened, the control unit 10 sends the preset weighed weight of the eastern Junggar coal to the weight detection unit, the eastern Junggar coal enters the second weighing bin from the inlet of the second weighing bin, the weight detection unit detects that the weight of the eastern Junggar coal is the preset weighed weight of the eastern Junggar coal and sends the preset weighed weight of the eastern Junggar coal to the control unit 10, the control unit 10 controls the first valve to be closed, the second valve is opened, and then the first weighing device 8 conveys the weighed eastern Junggar coal to the conveying mixing belt 14. Specifically, the number of second scales 9 in this embodiment is 1, and the principle of controlling the second scale 9 to weigh by the controller is the same as the principle of controlling the first scale 8 to weigh by the controller described above.
5 parts of the additives in the embodiments 2 to 6 are respectively added into a hearth of a coal-fired boiler 7 through 5 first weighing devices 8, and only one additive is added in each conveying process.
First, 5 parts of the additives of examples 2 to 6 were weighed by 5 first weighing machines 8 and fed to the conveying mixing belt 14. The tonggot coal is weighed by the second weighing device 9 and then synchronously conveyed to the conveying mixing belt 14, the tonggot coal and the additive raw materials are mixed on the conveying mixing belt 14 and conveyed to the bidirectional conveying belt 15, the bidirectional conveying belt 15 is bidirectional adjustable and can directly convey coal to the coal conveying belt 23 or convey coal to the coal mixing pile 16 to store the coal mixing, when a metering device (the first weighing device 8 or the second weighing device 9) fails or other emergencies, the coal mixing stored in the coal mixing pile 16 can be put into production for use, the production stable operation is guaranteed, the tonggot coal or the coal mixing is conveyed through the coal conveying belt 23 and respectively enters the raw coal or coal mixing bin 17/18/19/20 through the guide plate 24, the raw coal or the coal mixing bin 17/18/19/20 respectively corresponds to coal mills for powder preparation, and qualified coal powder enters the furnace of the boiler 7 to be combusted at different heights.
The number of layers of the burner of the main combustion area of the hearth of the coal-fired boiler 7 is sequentially an A layer, a B layer, a C layer, a D layer, an E layer and an F layer from bottom to top, the burner of the middle upper layer of the main combustion area is the C layer, the D layer, the E layer and the F layer, and the burner of the lower layer of the main combustion area is the A layer and the B layer. The east Junggar coal enters any layer of the A layer or the B layer, and the mixed coal enters any layer or layers of the F layer or the E, D, C layer so as to adjust the residence time of the novel additive in the boiler hearth. Meanwhile, the mixture ratio of the additive can be adjusted by adjusting the coal feeding amount of the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 and the second coal mill 5/6, so that the flexibility and the timeliness of the mixture ratio adjustment are realized.
Specifically, the raw coal bunker in this embodiment includes a raw coal bunker 21 and a raw coal bunker 22.
The coal blending bin comprises a coal blending bin 17, a coal blending bin 18, a coal blending bin 19 and a coal blending bin 20.
The first coal mill comprises a first coal mill 1, a first coal mill 2, a first coal mill 3 and a first coal mill 4.
The second coal mill comprises a second coal mill 5 and a second coal mill 6.
The raw coal bin 22 is connected with the A-layer burner through a second coal mill 6, and the eastern Junggar coal in the raw coal bin 22 enters the A-layer burner through the second coal mill 6.
The raw coal bin 21 is connected with the B-layer burner through a second coal mill 5, and the eastern Junggar coal in the raw coal bin 21 enters the B-layer burner through the second coal mill 5.
The coal mixing bin 20 is connected with the C-layer burner through a first coal mill 4, and the mixed coal in the coal mixing bin 20 enters the C-layer burner through the first coal mill 4.
The coal mixing bin 19 is connected with the D-layer burner through a first coal mill 3, and the coal mixture in the coal mixing bin 19 enters the D-layer burner through the first coal mill 3.
The coal mixing bin 18 is connected with the E-layer burner through a first coal mill 2, and the coal mixture in the coal mixing bin 18 enters the E-layer burner through the first coal mill 2.
The coal mixing bin 17 is connected with the F-layer burner through a first coal mill 1, and the coal mixture in the coal mixing bin 17 enters the F-layer burner through the first coal mill 1.
As the east Junggar coal has the characteristics of high water content, easy combustion and difficult combustion, the east Junggar coal is added into the burner at the lower layer of the main combustion area of the hearth so as to improve the combustion time of the east Junggar coal in the hearth and ensure that the fire coal is fully combusted. The mixed coal containing the additive is added into the burner at the upper layer of the main combustion area of the hearth, the burner at the upper layer of the main combustion area of the hearth can flexibly adjust and control the additive at any time, the additive reaches the separating screen superheater after reacting for 2-3 seconds in the hearth during the reaction time of combustion in the hearth, then enters the horizontal flue along with high-temperature flue gas to continue reacting, the additive reacts with the fire coal to generate loose and small broken ash, so that the coking and blockage of the flue heat exchanger 25 are reduced, and the safe and stable operation of a unit is ensured.
Taking a medium-speed coal mill used in a 350MW supercritical boiler as an example, the medium-speed coal mill comprises a first coal mill 1/2/3/4 and a second coal mill 5/6, and to ensure that the east-west coal is sufficiently dried, the outlet temperature of the coal mill is continuously and stably over 60-65 ℃ to sufficiently dry the coal powder, so that the coal mill is ensured to achieve the rated output.
Because the volume weight of the novel additive raw material is greater than that of the eastern Junggar coal and no heat value exists, the content of the novel additive in the mixed coal is increased, the total moisture content of the mixed coal is reduced, and the outlet temperature of the coal mill is increased under the condition of the same primary air volume. The test finds that: the coal feeding and mixing amount of the coal mill is controlled to be 75-85% of the rated coal grinding amount of the coal mill, the first coal mill 1/2/3/4 is controlled to be 10-20 ℃ higher than the outlet temperature of the second coal mill 5/6, on one hand, whether the ratio of the novel additive is reasonable can be indirectly monitored, on the other hand, the outlet temperature of a hearth is guaranteed to fluctuate near a design value, coking is restrained, and safe and stable operation of a boiler is guaranteed.
The results of the 350MW supercritical boiler additive experiments are shown in tables 1 and 2 below (which have been run for three months). Table 1 shows experimental data relating to each combustion measured by burning eastern Junggar coal without any additives in a 350MW supercritical boiler. Table 2 shows experimental data on each combustion measured in a 350MW supercritical boiler using the eastern Junggar coal-burning apparatus of this example, with the additive of example 2 added, and with eastern Junggar coal burned.
TABLE 1 statistics of operating data before addition of novel additives
Figure BDA0001184324380000221
Figure BDA0001184324380000231
Table 2 run data statistics after addition of the additives of example 2
Figure BDA0001184324380000232
Figure BDA0001184324380000241
As can be seen from the comparison of the data in tables 1 and 2 and the observation of the experimental phenomena of combustion in tables 1 and 2, referring to table 2, the additive in example 2 was added in a 350MW supercritical boiler using the device for burning eastern Junggar coal in this example, and the beneficial effects of burning eastern Junggar coal are as follows:
after the device in the embodiment is used for burning the eastern Junggar coal, the coking of a hearth, a superheater tube bundle and a horizontal flue of the coal-fired boiler is reduced, no large hard coking falls, slag discharging of the boiler is uniform, the smoke temperature is averagely reduced by 20-80 ℃ under the condition of the same load, and the load is easily stabilized.
In the continuous test process, the boiler slag discharge amount is stable, the hard coke falling condition of large blocks is rare, the impact of the hard coke on a cold ash bucket is reduced, and the black hard blocks which are not fully combusted in the boiler slag discharge are fewer, mostly discharged grey slag and loose in texture.
In the boiler maintenance process, the coking part is observed by entering the boiler, the coking on the superheater tube bundle of the boiler is found to be cohered or weakly cohered, and the ash layer is cohered into hard slag which is easy to clean and peel.
The combustible material of the fly ash is reduced by 3.7 wt%.
The novel additive can not cause SCR (denitration system) blockage in the using process.
In addition, compared with the use of high-ash coal, the device for burning the eastern Junggar coal in the embodiment can reduce the coal consumption by 11 g/kW.h, save 264 tons of burning coal for each unit every day, and is converted into 3.0756 ten thousand yuan; the material cost can be saved by 2.2625 ten thousand for each unit; the power consumption of a single unit plant is reduced by 0.5% every day, and the saved cost is reduced by 0.215 ten thousand per day. The 350MW unit saves 5.5531 ten thousand yuan per day on average.
In the trial process of the novel additive, NO influence on denitration, desulfuration and dust removal or reduction of NO is avoidedxAnd (4) discharging.
The methods for burning eastern Junggar coal in examples 6 to 8 were carried out using the apparatus for burning eastern Junggar coal in this example.
Experiment 1
The raw coal bunker 21 and the raw coal bunker 22 are put into the eastern Junggar coal, the coal blending bunker 17, the coal blending bunker 18, the coal blending bunker 19 and the coal blending bunker 20 are put into the mixed coal (the weight ratio of the eastern Junggar coal/the additive in the mixed coal is 5/1), wherein the additive in the mixed coal is the additive in the embodiment 3, the coal feeding amounts of the second coal mill 6, the second coal mill 5, the first coal mill 4, the first coal mill 3, the first coal mill 2 and the first coal mill 1 are respectively 32t/h, 30t/h and 0t/h in sequence, the additive blending proportion is 6.85 wt% (additive/eastern Junggar coal), and the retention time of the additive in the hearth of the coal fired boiler 7 is short.
Comparative experiment 1
The raw coal bunker 21, the raw coal bunker 22, the coal blending bunker 20, the coal blending bunker 19, the coal blending bunker 17, the coal blending bunker 18, the coal blending bunker (the weight ratio of the raw coal to the coal blending bunker is 2/1), wherein the coal feeding amount of the coal blending bunker is the additive in the embodiment 3, the coal feeding amount of the second coal mill 6, the second coal mill 5, the first coal mill 4, the first coal mill 3, the first coal mill 2, and the first coal mill 1 is adjusted to 35t/h, 0t/h, and 30t/h in sequence, the additive blending ratio is 9.68%, and at this time, the retention time of the additive in the hearth of the coal fired boiler 7 is the shortest.
Comparative experiment 2
The raw coal bunker 21, the raw coal bunker 22, the coal blending bunker 20, the coal blending bunker 19, the coal blending bunker 17, and the coal blending bunker 18 are put into a bunker and blended (the weight ratio of the coal blending is east coal/additive is 20/1), wherein the additive in the coal blending bunker is the additive in example 3, the coal feeding amounts of the second coal mill 6, the second coal mill 5, the first coal mill 4, the first coal mill 3, the first coal mill 2, and the first coal mill 1 are sequentially adjusted to 32t/h, and 0t/h, and the additive blending ratio is 5.00%. At this time, the residence time of the additive in the furnace of the coal-fired boiler 7 is longest.
As can be seen from the comparison results of the experiment 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 in the embodiment, the additive in the experiment 1 has a shorter residence time in the boiler furnace 30, the additive in the comparative experiment 1 has a shortest residence time in the boiler furnace 30, and the additive in the comparative experiment 2 has a longest residence time in the boiler furnace.
The device for burning eastern Junggar coal in this example was used to burn eastern Junggar coal by any of the methods for burning eastern Junggar coal in examples 6 to 8.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An additive for burning eastern Junggar coal, comprising: the catalyst comprises silicate minerals, an acid gas absorbent, an alkali absorbent, a sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and a nucleating agent, wherein the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator is used for deactivating a catalyst for catalyzing the reaction of converting sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide; 2-10 parts of silicate mineral, 0.1-0.6 part of acid gas absorbent, 0.1-0.3 part of alkali absorbent, 0.1-0.4 part of sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator and 0.003-0.008 part of nucleating agent.
2. The east China coal fired additive according to claim 1, wherein the silicate minerals comprise one or more of montmorillonite, silica fume, andalusite, kaolinite, and mullite;
the acid gas absorbent comprises one or more of magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesite;
the alkali absorbent is activated alumina;
the sulfur dioxide catalytic deactivator comprises one or more of boron oxide, ammonium borate and zinc borate;
the nucleating agent is a vitrification agent.
3. The eastern Juniper coal-burning additive of claim 2, wherein the vitrification agent includes a copper salt.
4. The east China coal fired additive of claim 3, wherein the copper salt comprises one or more of basic copper carbonate, copper sulfate, copper chloride, copper oxychloride.
5. A method of combusting eastern Junggar coal, comprising the steps of:
adding mixed coal containing the additive and the first east Jun coal in any one of claims 1-4 into a middle-upper layer combustion area of a main combustion area of a coal-fired boiler for combustion;
and adding the second eastern Junggar coal into the lower combustion zone of the main combustion zone of the coal-fired boiler for combustion.
6. The method of burning eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 5, wherein the amount of the additive added to the mixed coal of the middle and upper combustion zone is controlled so that the weight percentage of the total amount of coal of the mixed coal of the middle and upper combustion zone and the second eastern Junggar coal of the lower combustion zone is within a predetermined weight percentage range.
7. The method of burning eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 6, wherein the amount of the additive is 3 to 10 wt% of the total amount of coal added to the coal mixture of the middle-upper combustion zone and the second eastern Junggar coal of the lower combustion zone.
8. The method for burning eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 6, wherein the additive is contained in the blended coal in an amount of 15 to 30 wt%.
9. The method for burning eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 6, wherein a combustion heat amount value in a furnace of the coal-fired boiler is detected, and when the combustion heat amount value is higher than a preset combustion heat amount value, the weight of the additive added to the furnace of the coal-fired boiler is reduced; and when the combustion heat value is lower than a preset combustion heat value, increasing the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
10. The method of burning eastern Junggar coal as claimed in claim 6, wherein an amount of coke resulting from combustion in a furnace of the coal-fired boiler is detected, and when the amount of coke resulting from combustion is higher than a preset amount of coke, a weight of the additive added to the furnace of the coal-fired boiler is reduced; and when the coke quantity obtained by combustion is lower than the preset coke quantity, increasing the weight of the additive added into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler.
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