CN105567365A - Modified coal and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Modified coal and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105567365A CN105567365A CN201410528044.1A CN201410528044A CN105567365A CN 105567365 A CN105567365 A CN 105567365A CN 201410528044 A CN201410528044 A CN 201410528044A CN 105567365 A CN105567365 A CN 105567365A
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- coal
- additive
- modified
- calcium
- modified coal
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 258
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 213
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 18
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Cl] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl] DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LUYGICHXYUCIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium;dimagnesium;hexaacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LUYGICHXYUCIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 as sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011944 chemoselective reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001535 kindling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Embodiments of the present invention provide modified coal and a manufacturing method thereof. The modified coal comprises a plurality of modified coal particles, wherein the modified coal particles comprise a composite additive and coal powder, the composite additive comprises a calcium-based additive and a sodium-based additive, the calcium-based additive comprises an inorganic calcium compound, an organic calcium compound, or a combination of the inorganic calcium compound and the organic calcium compound, and the sodium-based additive comprises at least one selected from baking soda powder (NaHCO3), at least soda ash (Na2CO3) and caustic soda (NaOH). According to the present invention, the calcium-based additive and the sodium-based additive are subjected to comprehensive utilization so as to effectively reduce the pollutant emission.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical industry, the energy and field of environment protection, particularly relate to a kind of modified coal and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
China is the country of main energy sources in the world with coal, since nineteen eighty, coal in Chinese primary energy source is formed proportion always more than 70%.Within 2013, national coal production completes about 3,700,000,000 tons, and wherein major part (about 80%) is directly burnt for boiler.Along with the sustainable development of economy, continuation is kept rising tendency by national coal demand.According to resource composition and the economic base of China, can predict, in future 50 years, the general layout of Chinese primary energy consumption based on coal is difficult to change.
According to statistics, in In The Atmosphere Over China more than 90% SO
2quantity discharged, the NOx discharge of more than 67%, the CO quantity discharged of more than 71%, the smoke discharge amount of more than 70%, human factor cause more than 70% mercury emission all from the direct burning of coal.As the maximum user of coal consumption, various coal firing boiler (station boiler of especially various scale and Industrial Boiler) has discharged a large amount of obnoxious flavour and flue dust in the process of fire coal, serious environment pollution, the financial loss caused reaches tens billion of unit every year.Therefore, Development of Coal clean burning, cutting down and control the discharge of Coal-smoke Air Pollution thing, is the key subjects of China's economic sustainable and stable development, energy security and environment protection.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of modified coal and manufacture method thereof.Utilizing described modified coal, effectively removing the obnoxious flavour produced when burning.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of modified coal, comprise multiple modified coal particle, described modified coal particle comprises composite additive and coal dust, described composite additive comprises calcium based additives and sodium based additive, described calcium based additives comprises inorganic calcium compound, organocalcium compound or its combination, and described sodium based additive comprises saleratus power (NaHCO
3), SODA ASH LIGHT 99.2 (Na
2cO
3) and caustic soda (NaOH) at least one.
Alternatively, the mass percent of described composite additive in described modified coal is no more than 50%.
Alternatively, be in the environment of 1000 ~ 1600 DEG C in temperature, described sodium based additive is melted or forms liquid film on the surface of described calcium based additives after vaporizing, or be in the environment of 100 ~ 1600 DEG C in temperature, the surface tissue of described calcium based additives is changed under the effect of described sodium based additive.
Alternatively, described inorganic calcium compound comprises limestone powder (CaCO
3), slaked lime powder (Ca (OH)
2), lime (CaO) and rhombspar (CaCO
3mgCO
3) at least one.
Alternatively, described organocalcium compound comprises at least one in calcium propionate and calcium magnesium acetate.
Alternatively, the ratio of calcium based additives described in described composite additive and described sodium based additive according to described coal dust in the fusing point of the lime-ash of burned rear generation and viscosity adjustment.
Alternatively, in described composite additive, the span of the stoichiometric ratio of Na and Ca is 0 to 3.
Alternatively, described composite additive comprises Ca, Na, S and Cl composition, and the span of total stoichiometric ratio is 1 to 5, and described total stoichiometric ratio is defined as (Ca+Na/2)/(S+Cl/2).
Alternatively, described composite additive also comprises amino additive, halogen additive, sial based additive, additive metal oxide, biomass fuel, strong oxidizer or its arbitrary combination.
Alternatively, the ratio range of the molar weight of NOx that the molar weight of described amino additive and described coal dust generate after burning separately is 1 to 3.
Alternatively, described amino additive comprises at least one in urea, ammoniacal liquor and sulfuration ammonia.
Alternatively, the ratio of the quality of the mercury that generates after burning separately of the quality of described halogen additive and described coal dust and micro heavy is less than 10000.
Alternatively, described halogen additive comprises at least one in Calcium Bromide, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride and sodium-chlor.
Alternatively, the span of the mass percent of described sial based additive in described composite additive is 0 to 10%.
Alternatively, described sial based additive comprises at least one in kaolin, clay and wilkinite.
Alternatively, the span of the mass percent of described additive metal oxide in described composite additive is 0 to 10%.
Alternatively, described additive metal oxide comprises at least one in magnesium oxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide, cupric oxide and barium oxide.
Alternatively, the span of the size of described modified coal particle is 0 to 10mm.
Alternatively, the span of the size of described modified coal particle is 0 to 0.1mm.
Alternatively, described modified coal is used for circulating fluidized bed pot, and the span of the size of modified coal particle more than 80% is 0.2mm to 0.8mm.
Alternatively, described modified coal is used for coal-powder boiler, and the size of modified coal particle more than 75% is less than 200 orders, and the ratio that size is less than 50 object modified coal particles is less than 0.3%.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method of as above any one modified coal further, comprising:
Described composite additive is provided
One or more coal dusts described are provided;
Described composite additive and described coal dust are mixed;
The mixture of described composite additive and described coal dust is pressed into Mixture Density Networks; And
Pulverize described Mixture Density Networks, make granular modified coal.
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides has following beneficial effect:
1, used in combination by calcium based additives and sodium based additive, avoids and easily produces sintering phenomenon during calcium based additives simple use and cause the problem that additive activity reduces; Sodium based additive is at high temperature by the surface morphology of transformation calcium based additives simultaneously, increases calcium based additives useful area, strengthens the activity of calcium based additives, effectively can remove the SO in coal
2, SO
3, avoid the pollution to air, it also avoid because oxysulfide causes the high temperature of roasting kiln and the problem of low temperature corrosion;
2, used in combination by calcium based additives and sodium based additive, avoids and uses coal ash slagging scorification that easily causing during calcium based additives burns produces simple and cause roasting kiln to be not easy the problem of rinsing;
3, used in combination by calcium based additives and sodium based additive, makes the activity of additive greatly strengthen, decreases the usage quantity of additive, inhibit the generation of NOx;
4, used in combination by calcium based additives and sodium based additive, effectively can regulate the coal-fired ratio resistance characteristic producing flying dust, overcoming fly ash resistivity when being used alone calcium based additives may increase too high, when being used alone sodium based additive, fly ash resistivity reduces too large problem, thus can effectively optimize electrostatic precipitation efficiency, reduce particulate pollutant discharge;
5, by using amino additive, effectively can reduce generation and the discharge of NOx, overcoming the problem of the NOx generation increase caused when being used alone calcium based additives and/or sodium based additive;
6, by using halogen additive simultaneously, the discharge of mercury that coal-fired process produces and other micro heavy can effectively be reduced;
7, by using sial based additive, additive metal oxide simultaneously, effectively regulate the melting characteristic of coal-fired ash, Slagging Characteristics, fouling characteristics, thus effectively improve coal-fired process;
8, by using coal-fired fine powder or/and biomass simultaneously, effectively regulating fired coal combustion characteristic, as improved coal-fired kindling temperature, Burn-out temperature, combustionvelocity, flame stability, reaching raising efficiency of fire coal, reduce the object of pollutant emission;
9, the chemical composition by changing additive reduces the quantity discharged of one or more pollutents simultaneously, and improve fired coal combustion simultaneously, slagging scorification, stain, corrosion, the characteristics such as fly ash resistivity, do not need existing roasting kiln and operating procedure or only need minimum adjustment and change, therefore effectively can improve the Environmental Protection Level of coal-fired process, reduce the cost of enterprise.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, be briefly described gathering the required accompanying drawing used to embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing described below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the graphic representation of different its calcium based additives content of coal of the ratio of alkali/sour ratio that the embodiment of the present invention provides and coal ash fusion temperature;
Fig. 2 is the graphic representation of the sulfur dioxide removal rate that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and bed temperature relation;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the producing apparatus of the modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Because coal can produce a large amount of objectionable impuritiess, in combustion as SO
2, NOx, CO, heavy metal etc., harm environment that can be serious, therefore needs to remove the objectionable impurities produced in the combustion processes of coal or after burning.De-in combustion processes (Gu) sulphur technology, because its technique is simple, with low cost, be applied in the combustion processes of various coal widely, especially calcium injection and desulfurization in circulating fluid bed boiler, is widely used in the sulfur removal technologies such as coal-fired gasification furnace.This de-(solid) sulphur technology is in the combustion processes of coal, add certain de-(solid) sulphur agent, makes coal when burning or the gaseous sulphide (SO of generation when gasifying
2or H
2s) absorbed in stove, transformed, thus generated solid product.
Concrete, when carrying out taking off (solid) sulphur in grate furnace, because coal seam temperature distribution raises gradually, when temperature reaches organic sulfur releasing temperature, Wingdale does not also start decomposition, and this part sulphur can not be caught by Wingdale and remove.When temperature continues to raise, coal takes fire, and in layer, temperature is sharply elevated to more than 1000-1200 DEG C, and now calcium-based desulfurizing agent desulfuration efficiency is very low.Domestic and international related tests shows, in grate furnace, coal-fired blending calcium-based desulfurizing agent efficiency is very low, when Ca/S=2, adopt sweetening agent and enter stove and to fall apart the mode of coal premix, desulfuration efficiency is generally 20 ~ 40%, and as adopted the mode of directly spraying calcium to furnace inner space, desulfuration efficiency is generally 30 ~ 50%.As adopted sweetening agent and enter stove and to fall apart the mode of coal premix and furnace sorbent injection desulfurization simultaneously, desulfuration efficiency likely brings up to about 70%.Simultaneously for a large amount of power plant's coal-powder boilers and industrial boilers, coal is when burning, and furnace temperature, up to 1200 ~ 1600 DEG C, substantially exceeds conventional desulphurizer product C aSO
4keep thermodynamically stable temperature range.In this temperature range, CaSO4 easily decomposes again due to shakiness, regenerates SO
2, therefore in grate furnace, desulfuration efficiency is low, and desulfuration efficiency is not generally higher than 40% ~ 60%.
In addition, a large amount of industry park plan practice shows, when utilizing circular fluid bed to carry out desulfurization, after Circulation fluidized-bed furnace sodalime stone mixes with coal, when mol ratio=2 of calcium/sulphur, desulfuration efficiency is about 70%.Meanwhile, the input amount of calcium is higher, and the efficiency of desulfurization also high (but after Ca/S ratio is greater than 3, increasing slowly), therefore for reaching higher desulfuration efficiency, has to increase Ca/S ratio.Test shows, when Ca/S=4-5, desulfuration efficiency can reach about 80%.But, testing data shows, excessive interpolation Wingdale is many-sided on the impact that the operation of fluidized-bed produces, the membership that adds of such as Wingdale affects combustion case in burner hearth, changes the grey balance-dividing of circulating fluidized bed, the burden of separator and fly-ash separator is increased, increase heat loss due to sensible heat in slag, improve the discharge of NOx, conflict mutually with selective non-catalytic reduction, make fly ash resistivity increase and reduce the efficiency etc. of electrostatic dust collection equipment.Therefore, the widespread use of this technology is subject to certain restrictions at present, there is larger drawback.
Visible, de-in combustion processes (Gu) although sulphur technology is simple, cheap, and desulfuration efficiency is low, according to current state of the art, can not meet " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " far away.De-in addition, current combustion processes (Gu) also there is following problem in dirty technology:
Large quantity research and testing data show, in the combustion processes of coal, close and complicated contact and reciprocal effect is there is between the reactive system of the elements such as the sulphur comprised in coal, nitrogen, mercury and carbon, the measure of a certain pollutent of independent reduction often causes the rising of other pollutents, or causes the negative impact to coal-fired process and system.Such as, in order to increase SO
2decreasing ratio, excessive interpolation Wingdale promotes that NOx (oxynitrides) generates, and NOx discharge increases.In fire coal, add sweetening agent, greatly can reduce SO
3discharge, be conducive to reducing corrosion to coal combustion equipment system, but flying dust resistance increased, thus cause the decline of flying dust electrostatic precipitator efficiency, increase smoke contamination.Due to adding of alkaline sweetening agent, while the HCl (hydrogen halide) reducing coal-fired generation discharges, make the trapping ability of Hg (mercury) reduce to a certain extent, increase the quantity discharged of Hg in air.Further, though utilize combustion improver or catalyzer can overheavy firing, lower the CO in flue gas and the unburned carbon contained content in ash, cause Hg ER for emission rate to raise simultaneously, the increase of N2O generating rate.In order to reduce the discharge of NOx, selective non-catalytic reduction (SelectiveNon-CatalyticReduction, or SCR (SelectiveCatalyticReduction, SCR) widespread use in various coal firing boiler SNCR).But, due to the SO that spray ammonia or urea soln very easily produce with fire coal
3reaction, generates ammonium sulfate or sulfurous acid ammonium salt.When the ammonium sulfate of thickness or sulfurous acid ammonium salt are in the condensation of system downstream air preheater, serious blockage problem can be caused.To flue gas demercuration, gac injection method widely uses, but it is while absorption demercuration, causes fly ash resistivity to decline, affects the operation of electrostatic precipitator, also affect the recycle of flying dust.Visible, in current industrial practice, although a certain item pollutent of coal generation when burning can be sloughed separately, the multiple pollutant in coal cannot be sloughed simultaneously, and the increase of other pollutant discharge amounts can be caused, or cause the negative impact to coal-fired process and system.Therefore, taking into account boiler combustion, while the normal running of fume treatment facility, needing to use a kind of additive, the discharge of coal-fired process multiple pollutant can be reduced simultaneously, coal-fired cleaning is protected with environment.
De-in addition, current combustion processes (Gu) dirty technology is very responsive to service temperature.For the calcium-based desulfurizing agent of a large amount of use usually, the operating temperature range that use calcium based additives carries out the best of desulfurization is very narrow, between 850 ± 25 DEG C.When temperature is too low, CaCO
3rate of decomposition slow, activity is lower, and desulfuration efficiency is low, and meanwhile, the generation of NOx although cold operation can effectively be drawn up, can cause burning insufficient, especially to the fire coal of low volatile.When bed temperature is higher (> 900 DEG C), desulfurization product CaSO
4play pendulum, along with the rising of temperature, CaSO
4decomposition rate increase, cause the SO be captured
2again be released, thus desulfuration efficiency declines, and simultaneously along with the raising of operating temperature, the production rate of NOx raises.
De-in further, current combustion processes (Gu) sulphur technology is very little in the selection elasticity of sweetening agent size.Research and experiment show, sweetening agent granularity is less, and sweetening effectiveness is better.On the one hand, the size reducing sorbent particle can increase the surface-area of sweetening agent entirety, thus improves reaction area and activity, is conducive to desulphurization reaction, improves the utilization ratio of calcium simultaneously.But the granularity of sweetening agent its residence time in combustion zone less reduces, and increases with the escape amount of flying dust form, sorbent utilization reduces, and result is that desulfuration efficiency declines.On the other hand, sweetening agent size increases, and its residence time in combustion zone increases, and escape amount reduces, and is conducive to the carrying out of desulphurization reaction.But, due to SO
2compactness desulfurization product (the CaSO generated is reacted with CaO
4) cover fresh unreacted CaO surface, cause sweetening agent fine voids diameter to reduce gradually.As the CaSO generated
4cover all CaO surface or space is blocked completely, desulphurization reaction just stopped.Research shows, the conversion of Wingdale is only limitted to tens microns within its surface under normal circumstances, and therefore the utilization ratio of desulfurized limestone is very low.To calcium injection and desulfurization in Circulation fluidized-bed furnace, the general limestone particle using 250-1000 micrometer range, the share that particle diameter is less than 45 microns controls at < 6%.
In sum, de-in current combustion processes (Gu) not only efficiency is low for sulphur technology, turndown ratio is little, harsh to the requirement of temperature, granularity, is difficult to control and meet in industrial practice.What is more important, due to the reciprocal effect of coal-fired process complexity, the measure reducing separately a certain pollutent often causes the rising of other pollutents, or causes the negative impact to coal-fired process and system.
In sum, de-in current combustion processes (Gu) not only efficiency is low for sulphur technology, turndown ratio is little, harsh to the requirement of temperature, granularity, is difficult to control and meet in industrial practice.What is more important, due to the reciprocal effect of coal-fired process complexity, the measure reducing separately a certain pollutent often causes the rising of other pollutents, or causes the negative impact to coal-fired process and system.
Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a kind of modified coal, and its composite additive contained can sulphur in efficient removal coal, and can suppress the composite additive that the waste gas such as NOx produce, and can also use original boiler combustion and fume treatment facility simultaneously.
Embodiment one:
Embodiments provide a kind of modified coal, comprise multiple modified coal particle, described modified coal particle comprises composite additive and coal dust, described composite additive comprises calcium based additives and sodium based additive, described calcium based additives includes but not limited to inorganic calcium compound, as limestone powder (CaCO
3), slaked lime powder (Ca (OH)
2), lime (CaO) and rhombspar (CaCO
3mgCO
3) etc., and organocalcium compound, as calcium propionate, calcium magnesium acetate etc.; Described sodium based additive includes but not limited to saleratus power (NaHCO
3), SODA ASH LIGHT 99.2 (Na
2cO
3) or caustic soda (NaOH).In the present embodiment and subsequent embodiment, described calcium based additives and described sodium based additive can also comprise all calcics or the waste containing sodium, as Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, shell, carbide slag or salkali waste etc.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the pulverous composite additive comprised in described modified coal particle and coal first mix composite additive powder and coal dust, then through the manufacture technics of briquetting, broken granulation.In some embodiments, the mass percent of described composite additive is no more than 10%.In an arrangement, the size (referring to grain size) of modified coal particle can be less than 100 microns, in another one scheme, the size of modified coal particle also can be less than 10 microns, in another one scheme, the size of modified coal particle can also be less than 5 microns, and in another one scheme, the size of modified coal particle can also be less than 3 microns.
In an embodiment of the present invention, according to it, the size of described modified coal particle can estimate that the occasion used is selected, can have close size with the coal particles of the use of routine in this special occasions.Under such a configuration, drop into burning compared to the direct mixture by composite additive and coal dust, be more conducive to playing effectiveness.Such as, under the environment using grate furnace, the particle size of composite additive is 10 to 50mm.Under the environment using fluidized-bed and circulating fluidized bed, the particle size of composite additive is 1 to 10mm, and the distribution of sizes identical or close with the coal-burning particle being usually applied in circulating fluidized bed pot should be had, if > 80% is in the scope of 0.2-0.8mm.Under the environment using coal-powder boiler, the particle size of composite additive is less than 100 microns, and should have the distribution of sizes identical or close with the coal-burning particle being usually applied to coal-powder boiler, as > 75% is less than 200 orders, < 0.3% is less than 50 orders.When this modified coal particle is used for Combustion of Mould Coal, the size of modified coal particle should in the scope of 0-10mm.
By the composite additive made by calcium based additives and the mixing of sodium based additive, after being mixed and made into modified coal particle with coal dust, being admitted to high-temp combustion region (800 ~ 1600 DEG C) and burning.At high temperature, sodium based additive can be melted or vaporize, and decompose (when temperature is more than 100 DEG C, described sodium based additive will be vaporized, decompose), a part forms liquid film or changes structure on the surface of calcium based additives on the surface of calcium based additives, and another part can participate in desulphurization reaction directly.At high temperature, calcium based additives surface can by CaSO
4covering causes the activity of calcium based additives to reduce, but due to the existence change surface of calcium based additives of sodium based additive and inner hole structure, like this by CaSO
4the calcium based additives covered can continue to react with the sulfide produced, and removes the sulfide produced in coal-fired process.
After composite additive is added into high-temp combustion region, with air current flow to low-temperature region (temperature is at about 1000 DEG C), thus its sintering phenomenon at high temperature can be reduced.At low-temperature region, the activity of sodium based additive is comparatively strong, can effectively remove the sulphur produced in combustion processes.
In the present embodiment preferred scheme, the coal fusion point of ash produced after the coal dust firing that the ratio of calcium based additives and sodium based additive mainly reaches as required adjusts.Because the temperature out of fire door is generally between 500 DEG C to 600 DEG C, coal ash can be blown away when fire door under the effect of gas blower, when cleaning roasting kiln, wash in being undertaken by water blast gun, will ensure that coal fusion point of ash can not be too high like this, it is made not solidify and easily to be dispelled, so can by the ratio needing the coal fusion point of ash realized to adjust calcium based additives and sodium based additive.
As shown in Figure 1, in embodiments of the present invention, according to coal property, the ratio of adjustment calcium based additives and sodium based additive likely makes ash fusion point reduce (as coal-fired A and C, the ratio of its alkali/sour ratio is less,) or increase (as coal-fired B, the ratio of its alkali/sour ratio is larger).The alkali of coal ash/acid than less or larger, interpolation calcium based additives and the impact of sodium based additive on its ash fusion point more remarkable.Therefore, in actual applications, to determine according to coal property and concrete service requirements (will improve ash fusion point still reduce ash fusion point one melting ash discharge formula burning boiler and vapourizing furnace requires to reduce ash fusion point usually) concrete analysis.
In the preferred scheme of another one, the viscosity of the ash of melting at heating surface temperature that makes used in combination of sodium based additive and calcium based additives is lower than 250cp, or higher than 10000cp, can ensure that coal ash is not easy to solidify at fire door like this, easily blown away by gas blower and clean.
In the preferred scheme of the present embodiment another one, the amount of calcium based additives and sodium based additive and ratio can also require according to the pollutant removing rate of coal-fired process that (as sulfur dioxide removal rate > 90%, HCl decreasing ratio > 90% etc.) determines.Total stoichiometric ratio is defined as (Ca+Na/2)/(S+Cl/2), and in the present embodiment scheme, the scope of total stoichiometric ratio is 1 to 5; In preferred scheme, the scope of total stoichiometric ratio is 1 to 3, and in more preferred scheme, the scope of total stoichiometric ratio is 1 to 2.
In the preferred scheme of the present embodiment another one, under circulating fluidized bed condition, when the scope of total stoichiometric ratio is 1 to 2, desulfuration efficiency can reach 80-95% or more, under coal-powder boiler condition, desulfuration efficiency can reach 60-80% or more, generally speaking, after total stoichiometric ratio is greater than 3, desulfuration efficiency is advanced the speed and is slowed down.
In the preferred scheme of the present embodiment another one, in composite additive, the ratio range of the mol ratio of Na/Ca is 0 to 3, in more preferred scheme, the ratio range of the mol ratio of Na/Ca is 0 to 2, the high desulfurization activity of sodium base can be make use of greatly, realize the object of high desulfurization efficiency, but prevent ash viscosity too high simultaneously, cause grey agglomerate, the operational issue that ash bonding etc. causes.
Experiment proves, uses the composite additive comprising calcium based additives and sodium based additive simultaneously, in very wide temperature range, can improve desulfuration efficiency., as shown in Figure 2, compared with single calcium based additives, composite additive increases desulfuration efficiency, expands operating temperature range, especially when temperature > 900 DEG C.
In the present embodiment preferred scheme, under the condition of total stoichiometric ratio (Ca+Na/2)/(S+Cl/2)=1.5, to circulating fluidized bed combustion coal process, in the scope of bed temperature 800-1000 degree, SO
2discharge reduces 90-99%.
In the present embodiment, the particle of calcium based additives and sodium based additive is very little, and the efficiency of desulfurization improves greatly, and the usage quantity of additive is also reduced, and reduces the katalysis of NOx, and thus the generating rate of NOx declines.
In the embodiment of the present invention and follow-up embodiment, determine that the composite additive ratio of blending in coal to be combusted can also adopt following method:
First burn the coal of Nkg, collects and the obnoxious flavour (SO produced after calculating Nkg coal burning
2, NOx, CO, heavy metal etc.) amount, determine the amount Hkg of the composite additive removed completely required for these obnoxious flavoures, the amount of the additive required for the coal that the ratio-dependent of H/N is to be combusted.
In the preferred scheme of embodiment of the present invention another one, also need to consider various composite additive activity at different temperatures, and at high temperature chemical reaction each other.
Embodiment two:
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the modified coal provided in embodiment one, amino additive is mixed into further in its composite additive, described amino additive includes but not limited to urea, ammoniacal liquor, sulfuration ammonia etc., after adding amino additive in composite additive, the nitre that coal dust produces in combustion can be removed.
In embodiments of the present invention, the addition of amino additive in composite additive, be the coal of intending mixing according to this composite additive at the NOx fluff pulp of combustion processes and remove requirement and composite additive use temperature and atmosphere (oxidizing atmosphere or reducing atmosphere) are selected and determines, in a preferred scheme, the scope of the mol ratio of the growing amount of amino additive and NOx is 1 to 3, in more preferred scheme, the scope of the mol ratio of the growing amount of amino additive and NOx is 1 to 2.
In the present embodiment preferred scheme, first carry out only having coal-fired reference test, after calculating fired coal combustion, the growing amount of NOx, determines the add-on of corresponding amino additive according to the growing amount of described NOx.In the preferred scheme of another one, considerations when determining amino additive comprises: additive adds oxidation or reducing atmosphere, the temperature etc. at place, generally, as reducing atmosphere, temperature is high, suitably can add into some additives, otherwise add some amino additives less.In coal, the principle of blending amino additive is while the discharge of at utmost control NOx, does not cause the elegant pollution of ammonia (NH3).
In embodiments of the present invention, owing to using ultrafine calcium base and sodium base desulfurizer, the raising of efficiency makes additive amount reduce, and reduces the katalysis of NOx, and thus the generating rate of NOx declines.In addition, use amino additive, fabulous make use of the fuel-rich material in combustion zone in coal firing boiler, the reducing atmosphere of oxygen deprivation, favourable to the on-catalytic Chemoselective reduction promoted between NOx and ammonia, lowers NOx emission further.Strengthen because this reaction raises with temperature, therefore according to the present invention, the common phenomenon with the increase of temperature increase NOx emission is drawn up, thus realizes in raising temperature of combustion, and promote fire coal conversion, while improving desulfurization degree, NOx emission also can effectively reduce.
Embodiment three:
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides is that on the basis of the modified coal provided in embodiment one or two, be mixed into halogen additive further in its composite additive, described halogen additive comprises Calcium Bromide, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride, sodium-chlor etc.Halogen additive can remove the heavy metal element that coal dust occurs in combustion, as mercury.Mercury can exist with air with the form of 0 valency, and 0 valency mercury is water insoluble, and the red precipitate only becoming divalence water-soluble or condensation could be adsorbed by flying dust and be removed.And halogen is a kind of stronger oxygenant, after the 0 valency mercury oxidation produced after coal dust firing can being become the red precipitate of divalence, be dissolved in water or be attached on coal ash and be removed.
In embodiments of the present invention, the addition of above-mentioned halogen additive, that the coal mercury contaminants growing amount in combustion and removing intending mixing according to this composite additive requires and selects and determine, in a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of halogen and mercury is less than 10000, in more preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of halogen and mercury is less than 5000.Few halogen radical additive is used, the simple substance element mercury (Hg that energy the efficient oxidation volatility is extremely strong in composite additive
0) be that the oxidation state mercury of very easily condensation and trapping is (as Hg
2+), therefore greatly improve the collection efficiency of mercury and other micro heavies.
The composite additive using the embodiment of the present invention to provide, decreases the phenomenon owing to removing HCL or making unburned carbon content in coal ash reduce because efficiency of combustion improves the mercury emissions increase caused, is overcome.
Embodiment four:
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the modified coal provided any one of embodiment one to three, be mixed into sial based additive further in its composite additive, described sial based additive includes but not limited to kaolin, clay, wilkinite etc.After adding sial based additive, coal fusion point of ash can be improved, reduce the boiler heat-transfer decrease in efficiency because grey melting slagging scorification causes, the problems such as heat-transfer surface corrosion.In addition, sial based additive entirety in acid, can effectively in and volatile alkaline element in coal, as potassium, phosphorus, sodium etc., thus effectively reduce boiler scaling, stain and corrode.
In the embodiment of the present invention preferred scheme, the span of the mass ratio of sial based additive is 0 to 10%, and in more preferred scheme, the span of the mass ratio of sial based additive is 0 to 5%.In embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of sial based additive refers to the mass ratio that in composite additive, sial based additive is shared in whole composite additive.
In embodiments of the present invention, in composite additive, use sial based additive, as clay or wilkinite, following effect can be reached:
One) binding agent is provided to the granulation of modified coal; Two) as dispersion agent and the carrier of other ultrafine additive particles; Three) melting characteristic of coal-fired process ash is regulated; Four) micro heavy (as caesium, arsenic, lead, cadmium etc.) of some coal-fired release is adsorbed.
Embodiment five:
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the modified coal provided any one of embodiment one to four, further tramp m. oxide addition in its composite additive, additive metal oxide includes but not limited to magnesium oxide, barium oxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide or cupric oxide etc.Additive metal oxide is added after burning in coal dust, the crystalline structure of coal ash can be changed, the viscosity of coal ash is lowered, is not easy to be bonded at heating surface, is convenient to clean.
In embodiments of the present invention, the selection of additive metal oxide is determined after considering the impact of other additives on coal-fired process.These influence factors comprise when the agglomerate generating coal ash after composite additive and coal-fired blending, caking, coking, Slagging Characteristics, and flying dust resistance characteristic etc.Such as, in some circumstances, require that the melt temperature of coal ash (softening temperature) is greater than 1100 DEG C, require that the melt temperature of coal ash (softening temperature) is greater than 1200 DEG C or be greater than 1350 DEG C in some circumstances, in some circumstances, require that the ratio resistance of flying dust is 10
8to 10
10the scope of ohm * centimetre.
To sum up, can according to the ratio requirement of coal ash characteristic being selected to additive metal oxide, in a preferred scheme, the span of the mass percent of additive metal oxide is 0 to 10%, in more preferred scheme, the span of the mass percent of additive metal oxide is 0 to 5%.In embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of additive metal oxide refers to the mass ratio that in composite additive, additive metal oxide is shared in whole composite additive.
Embodiment six:
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the modified coal provided any one of embodiment one to five, biomass fuel is mixed into further in its composite additive, described biomass fuel can be one or more, comprise all wooden, biological plant and agriculture and forestry organic waste material, as sawdust, straw powder, leaf powder etc.After adding biomass fuel, multiple composite additive can be made more fluffy, the surface-area contacted with coal dust is larger, adds the efficiency of desulfurization.Biomass fuel all belongs to inflammable composition simultaneously, when burning, more easily burns.Improve the efficiency of combustion of coal dust.
In embodiments of the present invention, be that the biomass fuel of feature as additive, can be added in composite additive with high volatile.The object that adds of this additive is, after composite additive mixes with coal, the high volatile in additive, highly active biomass energy effectively promote coal-fired conversion, promotes coal-fired burning cinder degree.According to the addition of composite additive with coal-fired mixing proportion determination biomass.In a preferred embodiment, after blending, mixed volatilization that is coal-fired and biomass divides with the ratio of the mass ratio of fixed carbon 0.6 to 1.0.Wherein, so-called fixed carbon is the quality after the moisture in coal, volatile matter and ash content being deducted.
Arbitrary composite additive that the embodiment of the present invention one to seven provides, number of chemical additive can be used, on the basis of the characteristics such as trade-off fuel chemical property, combustioncharacteristics, grey characteristic, slagging scorification, burn into wearing and tearing and application process characteristic (burning of layer stove, coal-powder boiler, circular fluid bed, burning or gasification etc.), select rational additive composition and consumption.Modified coal of the present invention, without the need under the prerequisite of scrap build, utilize existing Infrastructure, can coal-burning power plant be widely used in, heat power plant and industry/domestic heating station, cement mill, the coal-powder boiler of paper mill, chemical plant, textile mills, steelworks, Steel Mill, ceramics factory, pharmaceutical factory etc., fluidized-bed combustion boiler, circular fluid bed, chain furnace, effectively removes while the coal-fired multiple pollutant of ceramic industry kiln, spreader stoker boiler, reciprocating furnace, fluidizing furnace etc.
Embodiment seven:
The modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the modified coal provided any one of embodiment one to six, be mixed into one or more strong oxidizers further in its composite additive, described strong oxidizer comprises at least one in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), (Asia) sodium chlorate (NaCLO3, NaCLO2 or NaCLO4), potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and dioxide peroxide.
In a preferred scheme of the present embodiment, after adding strong oxidizer, the water-fast NO of major part generated in combustion processes is made to be oxidized to NO soluble in water
2, thus make its more effective absorb by alkaline matter, reach effectively out of stock object.
In the preferred scheme of the present embodiment another one, after blending, strong oxidizer is 1 to 5 with the ratio range of the molar weight of the coal-fired NO generated.
In the arbitrary described improvement coal of the embodiment of the present invention one to seven, the mass percent of coal dust and composite additive can be configured as required.In the present embodiment scheme, in improvement coal, the mass percent of composite additive is generally no more than 50%, in the preferred scheme of the present embodiment another one, in improvement coal, the span of the mass percent of composite additive is 10% to 50%, in the preferred scheme of another one, in improvement coal, the span of the mass percent of composite additive is 25% to 50%.In embodiments of the present invention, the mass percent improveing composite additive in coal refers to mass ratio shared in improvement coal in composite additive.
Embodiment eight:
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method of modified coal.Comprise composite additive and coal dust that needs are provided, both are carried out mix, suppress, carrying out fragmentation, form modified coal particle.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the producing apparatus of the modified coal that the embodiment of the present invention provides.Particularly, to comprise step as follows for described manufacture method:
S1, provides any one composite additive described in above-described embodiment.
As shown in Figure 3, the composite additive 115 that first will use is transported to corresponding additive storage tank 111 and stores.From the bottom of additive storage tank 111, by screw feeder 114, additive is pressed recipe requirements, accurate flow control meter 118 (electronic-weighing method or additive method), then deliver to next stage spiral powder handling machinery 116 (this handling machinery can be considered to be equipped with to be uniformly mixed blade) tentatively to mix with coal dust, then arrive powder mixing tank 119.
In some embodiment, the various additives in described composite additive, can be stored in hold-up vessel (scheming not shown) separately, when needed, extract, enter described additive storage tank 111 according to formula.
S2, provides any one coal dust described in above-described embodiment
Because the coal pieces footpath of general colliery vending articles coal 101 is below 50mm, first this coal by broken and screening plant 102, make the rough coal particle that size is less than 15mm.This rough coal particle, further by pulverizing mill 103, generates size and is less than 250 microns, or be less than 100 microns, in some cases, be less than the coal dust of 60 microns.In order to reach desirable coal dust size, pulverizing mill can be equipped with inside or outside powder size classifier.Blower fan 112 provides coal dust conveying wind, is utilized by the coal dust meeting particle size requirements air-flow to be carried to gas-solid separator (cyclonic separator) 104, and the pulverized coal particle be recovered arrives pulverized coal warehouse 110 through the wind rotary valve 107 that reaches a standard.From the air 105 that gas-solid separator 104 flows out, discharge after reclaiming pulverized coal particle further through sack cleaner 106, and the pulverized coal particle be recovered arrives pulverized coal warehouse 110 through the wind rotary valve 108 and 109 that reaches a standard.From the bottom of pulverized coal warehouse 110, by screw feeder 113, coal dust is pressed recipe requirements, accurate flow control meter 117 (electronic-weighing method or additive method), then deliver to next stage spiral powder handling machinery 116 (this handling machinery can be considered to be equipped with to be uniformly mixed blade).
S3, mixes described composite additive and described coal dust.
Described composite additive and described coal dust are sent to spiral powder handling machinery 116, tentatively mix, and then arrive powder mixing tank 119, fully mix.
S4, is pressed into Mixture Density Networks by the mixture of described composite additive and described coal dust.
Be transported to powder pelletizing (or compressing tablet) machine 120 through well-mixed coal dust and composite additive, be pressed into Mixture Density Networks.Described Mixture Density Networks can be spherical or sheet.
S5, pulverizes described Mixture Density Networks, makes granular modified coal.
Delivered to by the Mixture Density Networks made after powder pulverizer 121 pulverizes, through continuous screen subset 122, super thick part 124 turns back to powder pulverizer 121 and continues to pulverize, and fine particle fraction 123 is collected as object product, i.e. modified coal particle.The last size of modified coal particle now should use coal measure-alike or close with boiler.When this modified coal particle is used for Combustion of Mould Coal, the size of modified coal particle should in the scope of 0-10mm.When this modified coal is used for circulating fluidized bed pot, the particle size of this modified coal should in the scope of 0-10mm, and the distribution of sizes identical or close with the coal-burning particle being usually applied in circulating fluidized bed pot should be had, if > 80% is in the scope of 0.2-0.8mm.When this modified coal is used for coal-powder boiler, the particle size of this modified coal should in the scope of 0-0.1mm, and the distribution of sizes identical or close with the coal-burning particle being usually applied to coal-powder boiler should be had, as > 75% is less than 200 orders, < 0.3% is less than 50 orders etc.For reaching this requirement, after the pulverizer shown in Fig. 3, pulverizing mill (not being shown in figure) will be installed.
In embodiments of the present invention, modified coal particle comprises coal dust and composite additive.Described composite additive is that after calcium based additives and sodium based additive fully being mixed, the particle substantially identical with pulverized coal particle size is made in repressed/granulation.In an arrangement; the particle size of composite additive can be less than 100 microns; in another one scheme; the particle of composite additive also can be less than 10 microns; in another one scheme; the particle of composite additive can also be less than 5 microns, and in another one scheme, the particle of composite additive can also be less than 3 microns.
In the preferred scheme of the present embodiment another one, under the environment using grate furnace, the particle size of composite additive is 10 to 50mm, under the environment using fluidized-bed and circulating fluidized bed, the particle size of composite additive is 1 to 10mm, under the environment using coal-powder boiler, the particle size of composite additive is less than 100 microns.
Should be appreciated that, herein term "and/or", being only a kind of incidence relation describing affiliated partner, can there are three kinds of relations in expression, and such as, A and/or B, can represent: Individual existence A, exists A and B simultaneously, these three kinds of situations of Individual existence B.In addition, character "/" herein, general expression forward-backward correlation is to the relation liking a kind of "or".
Term comprises at least one in A, B and C herein, can be understood as: Individual existence A, Individual existence B, and Individual existence C, exists A and B simultaneously, there is A and C simultaneously, there is B and C simultaneously, and there are these seven kinds of situations of A, B and C simultaneously.
In a word, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of technical solution of the present invention, be not intended to limit the protection domain of Ben Fanming.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. a modified coal, comprise multiple modified coal particle, it is characterized in that, described modified coal particle comprises composite additive and coal dust, described composite additive comprises calcium based additives and sodium based additive, described calcium based additives comprises inorganic calcium compound, organocalcium compound or its combination, and described sodium based additive comprises saleratus power (NaHCO
3), SODA ASH LIGHT 99.2 (Na
2cO
3) and caustic soda (NaOH) at least one.
2. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mass percent of described composite additive in described modified coal is no more than 50%.
3. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be in the environment of 100 ~ 1600 DEG C in temperature, described sodium based additive is melted or forms liquid film on the surface of described calcium based additives after vaporizing, or be in the environment of 100 ~ 1600 DEG C in temperature, the surface tissue of described calcium based additives is changed under the effect of described sodium based additive.
4. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described inorganic calcium compound comprises limestone powder (CaCO
3), slaked lime powder (Ca (OH)
2), lime (CaO) and rhombspar (CaCO
3mgCO
3) at least one.
5. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organocalcium compound comprises at least one in calcium propionate and calcium magnesium acetate.
6. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the ratio of calcium based additives described in described composite additive and described sodium based additive according to described coal dust in the fusing point of the lime-ash of burned rear generation and viscosity adjustment.
7. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described composite additive, the span of the stoichiometric ratio of Na and Ca is 0 to 3.
8. modified coal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described composite additive comprises Ca, Na, S and Cl composition, and the span of total stoichiometric ratio is 1 to 5, and described total stoichiometric ratio is defined as (Ca+Na/2)/(S+Cl/2).
9. the modified coal according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, described composite additive also comprises amino additive, halogen additive, sial based additive, additive metal oxide, biomass fuel, strong oxidizer or its arbitrary combination.
10. modified coal as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the ratio range of the molar weight of the NOx generated after the molar weight of described amino additive and described coal dust burn separately is 1 to 3.
11. modified coals as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described amino additive comprises at least one in urea, ammoniacal liquor and sulfuration ammonia.
12. modified coals as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the ratio of the mercury generated after the quality of described halogen additive and described coal dust burn separately and the quality of micro heavy is less than 10000.
13. modified coals as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that, described halogen additive comprises at least one in Calcium Bromide, Sodium Bromide, calcium chloride and sodium-chlor.
14. modified coals as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, the span of the mass percent of described sial based additive in described composite additive is 0 to 10%.
15. modified coals as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, described sial based additive comprises at least one in kaolin, clay and wilkinite.
16. modified coals as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the span of the mass percent of described additive metal oxide in described composite additive is 0 to 10%.
17. modified coals as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that, described additive metal oxide comprises at least one in magnesium oxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide, cupric oxide and barium oxide.
18. modified coals according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the span of the size of described modified coal particle is 0 to 10mm.
19. modified coals according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the span of the size of described modified coal particle is 0 to 0.1mm.
20. modified coals according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, described modified coal is used for circulating fluidized bed pot, and the span of the size of modified coal particle more than 80% is 0.2mm to 0.8mm.
21. modified coals according to any one of claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, described modified coal is used for coal-powder boiler, and the size of modified coal particle more than 75% is less than 200 orders, and the ratio that size is less than 50 object modified coal particles is less than 0.3%.
The manufacture method of 22. modified coals according to any one of claim 1 to 21, is characterized in that, comprising:
Described composite additive is provided;
One or more coal dusts described are provided;
Described composite additive and described coal dust are mixed;
The mixture of described composite additive and described coal dust is pressed into Mixture Density Networks; And
Pulverize described Mixture Density Networks, make granular modified coal.
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