CN108199112A - It is a kind of for thermal management module of rectangular cell and preparation method thereof and battery pack - Google Patents
It is a kind of for thermal management module of rectangular cell and preparation method thereof and battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN108199112A CN108199112A CN201611127465.9A CN201611127465A CN108199112A CN 108199112 A CN108199112 A CN 108199112A CN 201611127465 A CN201611127465 A CN 201611127465A CN 108199112 A CN108199112 A CN 108199112A
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- Prior art keywords
- thermal management
- management module
- chopped
- phase
- management materials
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of for thermal management module of rectangular cell and preparation method thereof and battery pack, the thermal management module includes thermal management materials formed body, and the thermal management materials formed body is made by thermal management materials by forming method；The thermal management materials include the component of following mass percent：Phase-change material, 55~90%；Heat filling, 4~20%；Fire retardant, 4~20%；Chopped strand, 2~10%.The thermal management module of the present invention can play effective humidification by adding chopped strand, can largely improve the content of phase-change material in thermal management materials, and then improve the heat storage capacity of thermal management module, make its adjusting control to temperature more stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery thermal management technical field more particularly to a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell and its
Preparation method and battery pack.
Background technology
Battery such as secondary cell has been widely used as the energy source for portable radio device, such as can conduct
Power supply for electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle etc., so as to solve by using petroleum fuel
Vehicle caused by such as air pollution the problems such as.Small-sized portable radio device may use one or more battery list
Member, and medium-sized or large-scale wireless device such as vehicle may use the medium-sized of the multiple battery units for including being electrically connected to each other
Either large-sized battery module is such medium-sized or large-sized battery module is generally manufactured to have size as small as possible and again
Amount, thus can be often used as with high integration stacking and the square battery with small gravimetric ratio medium-sized or big
The battery unit of type battery module.On the contrary, for cylindrical battery, there is Iinvalid volume it is big the problem of, cylindric electricity
The diameter in pond is restricted due to the thickness of battery accommodating section, therefore, often using rectangular cell.
The charge characteristic of battery changes at elevated temperature, and if charged at an excessive temperature, enables to battery
Cycle life significantly shortens.If for example, charging at about 50 DEG C repeatedly, the cycle life of some lithium-base batteries reduces by more than
50%.Since cycle life can be largely reduced, if so charging temperature is not controlled in appropriate limitation, the use of battery
Life Cost can be greatly increased.If moreover, at too low temperature charge or work, such as less than about -30 DEG C, one
A little heavy-duty batteries can show reduced performance and be likely to be broken.In addition, battery and array may be undergone forever
The safety-related thing such as fire, explosion is resulted even in when destroying or damage long the incident heat of battery, and being more than temperature condition
Part.For rectangular cell, if operating ambient temperature is excessively high, the side of the battery case of rectangular cell is inevitable
The problems such as ground will expand, this can not only generate difficult to install on the machine for using battery of battery, and it is pre- due to reserve
Expansion space, thus the problems such as can also bring idle space increase.Therefore, it is typically necessary and heat management is carried out to battery, with control
The operating ambient temperature of battery processed.
At present, battery thermal management system is generally divided into air-cooled and water-cooled.Wherein, it is air-cooled and including nature air swept type
With it is forced air-cooled, the former using the free convection type of cooling carry out battery heat dissipation, the latter generally using electric fan force pair
The mode of stream cooling radiates.The scheme of air-cooled heat management device is also more single, more consideration is given to the heat dissipation for battery,
And it is a blank in terms of pre-add hot function during to battery cold start-up.Moreover, there is problems with for the prior art：(1) it is strong
The mode of convection current cooling processed, it is more aobvious to the power battery cooling and heat dissipation effect close to electric fan due to not designing ventilation shaft
It writes, but effective cooling and heat dissipation will be difficult to the power battery far from electric fan, each battery list inside battery case will be caused in this way
Body internal temperature is uneven, and the mode of free convection cooling, can not efficiently radiate to power battery；(2) without pre-
Heating function by force by after battery cold start-up, can cause power battery service life more serious influence；(3) enter electricity
The air quantity of pond module has bigger difference, and the heat and dissipating-heat environment of each module are different, lead to each battery module in varying environment temperature
Degree is lower to work, and so as to which the temperature difference for making intermodule but will be increased drastically, the temperature difference of this intermodule causes the inconsistent of battery performance
Property finally influences performance and the service life of entire battery module.Water-cooled method is rarely employed to realize heat management in current battery, because
Often more complicated for water-cooling structure, cost is higher, also deposits the danger for going back condensed water leakage.
Phase-change material (PCMs) refer to substance can be absorbed when undergoing phase transition or release heat and the substance self-temperature not
Become or change a kind of little intellectual material.Due to functions such as its unique adaptive environment temperature regulation and control, thus it is widely used in
The energy such as Solar use, industrial exhaust heat Waste Heat Recovery, building energy conservation, constant temperature dress ornament, cold-storage and thermal storage air-conditioning and electrical part constant temperature
The fields such as source, material, aerospace, weaving, electric power, medical instrument, building.
According to the phase-state change process of phase-change material, solid-solid phase transition material, solid-liquid phase change material can be broadly divided into
Material, solid-gas phase-change material, liquid-gas phase-change material.Volume change is very big when solid-gas phase transformation, liquid-gas phase transformation, and device is answered during use
It is miscellaneous, it is unfavorable for practical application, studies at present less.Solid-liquid phase change volume change is small, and latent heat is larger, and energy storage is good, phase transition temperature model
It encloses extensively, is widely used in practice.But there are the serious of melt-flow and infiltration migration to ask for solid-liquid phase change material
Topic, therefore have to use container package when in use, the cost of system is thus not only increased, while it is suitable also to greatly limit it
Use occasion.From the perspective of practical application, solid-solid phase-change does not need to complicated use device, and it is good not need to closure
Packing container, applicable situation is more extensive and system cost is relatively low.It is thus proposed that it is realized using phase-change material
Battery thermal management.
Once it has been proposed that a kind of phase change composite material in this field, comprising：A) the phase-change material of 30-65% is fusing point
For 25-45 DEG C of low melt point paraffin and/or dodecanol；B) the carrier material of 25-45%, be high density polyethylene (HDPE) and/or
Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer；C) the inorganic filler of 5-15% is porous mass and is selected from expanded perlite and expansion stone
One or more of ink；D) the enhanced thermal conduction agent of 1-10%；And E) 1-10% fire retardant, wherein the phase-change material,
Inorganic filler, enhanced thermal conduction agent and fire retardant are scattered in the space net structure that carrier material is formed.But the patent
Phase change composite material is due to containing porous inorganic filling materials, and carrier material content is high, causes phase-change material content relatively low,
Heat storage capacity is poor, is only suitable for using as construction material such as wall heat insulation material.
In addition, somebody proposes a kind of battery pack and the diaphragm for battery pack, for the thermal runaway risk of lithium battery, adopt
Increase the measure of composite material diaphragm between single battery core in battery pack, it is intended to pass through the thermal expansion to heat in battery pack
Scattered process is controlled the safety to promote battery system.The composite material diaphragm can be by heat-barrier material (such as asbestos or PP
Plastics) and high heat capacity/phase-change material (such as paraffin) composition.But the material composition used in the diaphragm is more single, easily
Occurs the problem of phase-change material exudation after phase-change material melt phase change.
Therefore, although having the scheme that phase-change material is used as battery thermal management, these battery thermal managements in the prior art
Material thermal conductivity is low, and poor thermal conductivity be easy to cause problems with：
1) when some single battery overheats, heat can not be removed effectively, be easy to cause in battery pack each single battery it
Between non-uniform temperature；
2) when battery pack temperature persistently increases, it is more than tolerable temperature that will also lead to entire battery pack temperature, makes battery mould
Block accelerated deterioration, thereby reduces service life, and some battery packs even catch fire or explode, bring great potential safety hazard；
If 3) battery pack long-term work is in the case of a high temperature, the output power of battery pack with the raising of temperature and substantially under
Drop, causes battery component that cannot give full play to maximum performance.
In addition, these thermal management materials are also there are poor flame retardant properties, easily burning, manufactured element shapes stability and follow
The problems such as it is poor that ring is stablized, and assembly surface easily oozes out.Therefore, rectangular cell is highly desirable to the battery heat that can be solved the above problems
Managed Solution.
Invention content
In order to solve one or more above problems, the present invention provides a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell and
Preparation method and battery pack.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
1st, a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell, including thermal management materials formed body, the thermal management materials into
Type body is made by thermal management materials by forming method, and the thermal management materials include the component of following mass percent：
2nd, thermal management module according to technical solution 1, wherein：
The phase-change material be selected from be 18 to 26 by carbon atom number higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, carbon atom number be 12 to 18 it is advanced
One in the group of polyethylene glycol composition that alkane type paraffin that fatty alcohol, fusing point are 25 to 55 DEG C, molecular weight are 800 to 20000
Kind material；Preferably, the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon and fusing point that it is 18 to 26 by carbon atom number that the phase-change material, which is selected from, are 30 to 55
DEG C alkane type paraffin composition group；It is further preferred that the phase-change material is the alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 30 to 55 DEG C；
And/or
The content of the phase-change material is 66~90%, more preferably 70~90%；And/or
The heat filling is selected from by aluminium powder, copper powder, graphite powder, nano aluminum nitride, heat conduction carbon fiber, graphene, expansion
The group of graphite composition；Preferably, the heat filling is selected from the group being made of heat conduction carbon fiber, graphene, expanded graphite；More
Preferably, the heat filling is selected from the group being made of graphene and expanded graphite；And/or
The content of the heat filling is 5~10%；And/or
The fire retardant is selected from multiple by deca-BDE, ammonium polyphosphate, silicone flame retardant, ammonium polyphosphate/montmorillonite-based nano
Close the group of object, pentaerythrite, zinc borate, terpene resin, antimony oxide, melamine composition；Preferably, the fire retardant
It is made of deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin；And/or
The content of the fire retardant is 5~20%, more preferably 10~15%；And/or
The chopped strand is selected from fine by chopped carbon fiber, short glass fiber, the quartz fibre that is chopped, the mullite that is chopped
The group of the compositions such as dimension, the aramid fiber that is chopped, the nylon fiber that is chopped, chopped polyester fiber；Preferably, the chopped strand is selected from
The group being made of short glass fiber and chopped quartz fibre；And/or
The content of the chopped strand is 2~5%；And/or the length of the chopped strand be 2~10mm, more preferably 3
~5mm；And/or a diameter of 2~50 μm of the chopped strand.
3rd, thermal management module according to technical solution 1, wherein, the thermal management materials are also comprising mass percent
0~20% oil absorbent.
4th, thermal management module according to technical solution 3, wherein, the oil absorbent is hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-benzene
Ethylene elastomer and/or high density polyethylene (HDPE)；And/or the content of the oil absorbent is 5~15%.
5th, the thermal management module according to any one of technical solution 1-4, wherein, the thermal management module further includes position
In the graphite encapsulation layer of the upper and lower surface of the thermal management materials formed body.
6th, the thermal management module according to technical solution 5, wherein, the graphite encapsulation layer is existed by vermicular expanded graphite
Thermal management materials formed body mold process is directly molded.
7th, the thermal management module according to technical solution 5, wherein, the outer surface of the thermal management module is also covered with absolutely
Edge layer.
8th, the thermal management module according to technical solution 5, wherein, the thickness of the thermal management materials formed body for 1~
10mm；And/or the thickness of the graphite encapsulation layer is 20~100 μm.
9th, the preparation method of the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to any one of technical solution 1-8, packet
Include following steps：
(1) thermal management materials are coated in dies cavity；Optionally, when setting graphite encapsulation layer, first in mold
Bottom of chamber portion is coated with one layer of graphite powder, is then coated with the thermal management materials, then one layer of stone is coated on the thermal management materials
Ink powder material；
(2) mold clamping is placed in baking oven and preheated；
(3) compression moulding；
(4) mold is dismantled after cooling down, takes out prefabricated section, optionally in outer surface package insulating film up to for rectangular cell
Thermal management module.
10th, a kind of battery pack, including multiple rectangular cells and be arranged between the rectangular cell such as technical solution
The thermal management module for rectangular cell described in any one of 1-8.
Implement the present invention for thermal management module of rectangular cell and preparation method thereof and battery pack, with beneficial below
Effect：
(1) thermal management module for rectangular cell of the invention has good heat conductivility and function of temperature control, can use
In the battery pack heat management of power battery, communication base station battery and other rectangular cells, when single battery overheats in battery pack
When, thermal management materials can effectively absorb heat and rapidly conduction diffusion, ensure the temperature between each single battery in battery pack
Spend uniformity.
(2) when battery pack bulk temperature is excessively high, thermal management module of the invention can absorb excessive heat and play
Prevent the effect of overtemperature；When battery pack temperature is too low, thermal management module can discharge stored thermal energy itself, prevent battery
Group reduces battery efficiency due to temperature is too low.Therefore, thermal management module of the invention can ensure the running temperature of battery pack not
More than tolerable temperature, prolong the service life, and improve the safety of battery pack.
(3) present invention can make battery pack operate in rated temperature by regulation and control of the thermal management module to battery pack temperature
In the range of, improve the overall efficiency of battery pack.
(4) present invention is sealed in the upper and lower surface of thermal management materials formed body using expanded graphite, a side
Face can promote rectangular cell on the other hand can prevent the phase transformation in thermal management materials to the heat transfer between thermal management materials
Occurs the problem of phase-change material exudation after material molten phase transformation.
(5) contain chopped strand in the thermal management materials component that the present invention uses, effective humidification can be played, it can
Module is resisted to melt repeatedly, solidify the destruction caused by volume expansion, contraction during phase transformation；It therefore can be largely
The content of phase-change material in thermal management materials is improved, and then improves the heat storage capacity of thermal management materials, makes its adjusting to temperature
It controls more stable.
(6) contain efficient flame-retarding agent in the thermal management materials component that the present invention uses, battery pack can be effectively prevent because of thing
Therefore caused combustion problem, greatly improve the security performance of battery pack；
(7) it can be added in the thermal management materials component that the present invention uses or not add oil absorbent, when using hydrogenation of benzene
Ethylene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and/or high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), can be right when high oil absorptions resinoid
Phase-change material plays styling, serious flowing and exudation problem occurs after avoiding its melt phase change.
(8) High Efficiency Thermal management material of the invention and High Efficiency Thermal management module, belong to passive type heat management, without additional energy
Consumption has energy saving advantage；And its superior performance, preparation process is simple, is easy to mass production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of battery pack provided according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional structure chart of the thermal management module for rectangular cell provided according to first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the sectional structure chart of battery pack provided according to first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the sectional structure chart of the thermal management module for rectangular cell provided according to second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the sectional structure chart of battery pack provided according to second embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the sectional structure chart of the thermal management module for rectangular cell provided according to third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the sectional structure chart of battery pack provided according to third embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the shooting picture in kind according to the thermal management module produced by the present invention for rectangular cell.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment be the present invention part of the embodiment rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before creative work is made
All other embodiments obtained are put, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, for the three-dimensional structure diagram of the battery pack provided according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.The battery pack includes
Multiple rectangular cells 2 and the thermal management module 1 for rectangular cell being arranged between rectangular cell 2.It is as shown in Figure 1, hot
Management module 1 in the form of sheets, can use as the interlayer between each rectangular cell 2 of battery pack, realize the battery of high integration
Group.Should, although shown in the drawings of the particular number of rectangular cell 2, be understood not to square shaped electricity
The restriction of 2 quantity of pond, battery pack of the invention can assemble several rectangular cells 2 as needed, to form high integration stacking
Array.The content of phase-change material is higher in the thermal management materials that the present invention uses, can when battery pack temperature is excessively high,
It farthest absorbs excessive heat and plays the role of preventing overtemperature；When battery pack temperature is too low, itself can be discharged
Stored thermal energy, playing prevents battery pack from reducing battery efficiency due to temperature is too low.Therefore, High Efficiency Thermal of the invention management mould
Block has higher thermal conductivity, can effectively control the temperature difference between single battery each in battery pack in a certain range,
Improve battery pack overall efficiency.
As described above, the present invention provides a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell in first aspect.The present invention exists
The third aspect provides the battery pack using the thermal management module.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are please referred to, it is respectively real according to the present invention first
Apply example offer for the thermal management module of rectangular cell and the sectional structure chart of battery pack.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, heat management
Module 1 is made of thermal management materials formed body 11.The thermal management materials formed body 11 passes through forming method system by thermal management materials
.The thermal management materials include phase-change material, heat filling, fire retardant and chopped strand.
In some preferred embodiments, the shape of the thermal management materials formed body 11 is cuboid.The heat pipe
The size of reason material molded compact 11 can be dimensioned to different size according to rectangular cell, it is only necessary to length and width and side
Shape battery is consistent.The rectangular cell that the present invention is applicable in includes but not limited to following specification (long * wide * thickness)：173mm*
85mm*21mm、148mm*103mm*92mm、275mm*116mm*21mm、140mm*65mm*18mm、140mm*100mm*20mm、
248mm*173mm*7mm、190mm*88mm*7.6mm.The thickness of the thermal management materials formed body 11 for 1~10mm (such as 1,
3rd, 5,8 or 10mm), more preferably 3~6mm (such as 3,4,5 or 6mm).
In some preferred embodiments, thermal management materials formed body 11 is being made a reservation for by the thermal management materials powder used
It is molded in mold, which includes the component of following mass percent：
Phase-change material, 55~90% (such as 55%, 66%, 70%, 80%, 85% or 90%)；
Heat filling, 4~20% (such as 4%, 10%, 15% or 20%)；
Fire retardant, 4~20% (such as 4%, 10%, 15% or 20%)；
Chopped strand, 2~10% (such as 2%, 5%, 8% or 10%).
In some preferred embodiments, the melt phase change temperature of the phase-change material that uses of the present invention is 25 to 55
DEG C (such as：25th, 30,35,40,45,50 or 55 DEG C) and/or the phase-change material latent heat of phase change be 160 to 270kJ/kg
(such as 160,180,200,240 or 270kJ/kg).
In some preferred embodiments, the phase-change material be selected from by carbon atom number be 18 to 26 higher aliphatic
(such as carbon atom number is for hydrocarbon (such as carbon atom number is 18,20,22,24 or 26), the higher aliphatic that carbon atom number is 12 to 18
12nd, 14,16,17 or 18), (such as fusing point is 25,30,35,40,45,50 or 55 for alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 25 to 55 DEG C
DEG C), polyethylene glycol that molecular weight is 800 to 20000 (such as molecular weight is 800,1000,5000,15000 or 20000) composition
Group in a kind of material.Preferably, the phase-change material be selected from by carbon atom number be 18 to 26 higher aliphatic hydrocarbon (such as
Carbon atom number be 18,20,22,24 or 26) and fusing point be 30 to 55 DEG C alkane type paraffin (such as fusing point is 30,35,40,45,
50 or 55 DEG C) composition group；It is further preferred that the phase-change material is that alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 30 to 55 DEG C is (such as molten
Point is 30,35,40,45,50 or 55 DEG C).
In some preferred embodiments, mass percent of the phase-change material in thermal management materials is 66~90%
(such as 66%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%).Preferably, the mass percent of the phase-change material for 70~
90% (such as 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%), more preferably 75~85% (such as 75%, 80% or 85%).
In some preferred embodiments, the heat filling be selected from by aluminium powder, copper powder, graphite powder, nano aluminum nitride,
The group that heat conduction carbon fiber, graphene, expanded graphite form；Preferably, the heat filling is selected from by heat conduction carbon fiber, graphite
The group of alkene, expanded graphite composition；It is further preferred that the heat filling is selected from the group being made of graphene and expanded graphite.More
Preferably, the mass percent of the heat filling is 5~10% (such as 5%, 8% or 10%).
In some preferred embodiments, the fire retardant is selected from by deca-BDE (DBDPO), ammonium polyphosphate
(APP), silicone flame retardant, ammonium polyphosphate/montmorillonite (APP/MMT) nano-complex, pentaerythrite (PER), zinc borate, terpenes
Resin, antimony oxide (Sb2O3), melamine (MA) composition group.Fire retardant can be a kind of substance in the present invention, also may be used
Think the flame-retardant system of many kinds of substance composition.For example, individually using deca-BDE (DBDPO), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), silicone
It is a kind of as fire retardant in fire retardant and ammonium polyphosphate/montmorillonite (APP/MMT) nano-complex.In another example use ten bromines
Main component of the diphenyl ether (DBDPO) as fire retardant, addition antimony oxide (Sb2O3) as synergist, improve decabrominated dipheny
The flame retarding efficiency of ether (DBDPO), wherein deca-BDE (DBDPO) and antimony oxide (Sb2O3) mass ratio be 3:1.Example again
Such as, it using Intumescent Retardant System, is generally made of air source, acid source and carbon forming agent, such as with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) for acid source,
It can play the role of air source, and be aided with pentaerythrite (PER) for carbon forming agent.Wherein carbon forming agent can also be by zinc borate or terpenes tree
Fat substitutes, and air source can also be provided by melamine (MA).It is highly preferred that the fire retardant in the present invention is by deca-BDE, three
It aoxidizes two antimony and terpene resin is made, wherein by deca-BDE (DBDPO), antimony oxide (Sb2O3) and terpene resin matter
Amount is than being preferably (2-3):1:1, more preferably 3:1:1.Experiment proves to obtain more preferably using the fire retardant of the quality proportioning
Flame retardant effect.
In some preferred embodiments, mass percent of the fire retardant in thermal management materials for 5~20% (such as
5%th, 10%, 12%, 15% or 20%), more preferably 10~15% (such as 10%, 12% or 15%).Above-mentioned material component
The efficient flame-retarding agent of middle addition can effectively prevent battery pack combustion problem caused by accident, greatly improve the peace of battery pack
Full performance.
In some preferred embodiments, the chopped strand is selected from by chopped carbon fiber, short glass fiber, is chopped
Quartz fibre, the mullite that is chopped is fine, the group of the aramid fiber that is chopped, the nylon fiber that is chopped, the compositions such as polyester fiber that are chopped.Preferably
It is that the chopped strand is selected from the group being made of chopped carbon fiber, short glass fiber, the quartz fibre that is chopped；Wherein be chopped carbon
Heat conduction carbon fiber or non-conductive carbon fiber may be used in fiber, more preferably using non-conductive carbon fiber.With using heat conduction
Carbon fiber is compared, and the present invention makes chopped strand using non-conductive carbon fiber, can effectively reduce the raw material of thermal management materials
Cost, and due to being added to the heat filling that mass percent is 4~20% in thermal management materials, using non-conductive carbon
Fiber can also meet the heat conductivility requirement of overall thermal management material.It is further preferred that the chopped strand is selected from by the glass that is chopped
The group of glass fiber and chopped quartz fibre composition.
In some preferred embodiments, mass percent of the chopped strand in thermal management materials is 2~5%
(such as 2%, 4% or 5%)；The length of the chopped strand used is 2~10mm (such as 2,4,6,8 or 10mm), and more preferably 3
~5mm；A diameter of 2~50 μm (such as 2,10,20,30,40 or 50 μm) of chopped strand.Contain in the thermal management materials of the present invention
Some chopped strands can play effective humidification, resist thermal management materials and melt repeatedly when in use, solidify phase transformation
The destruction caused by volume expansion, contraction in journey.
In some preferred embodiments, the present invention also includes quality percentage for the thermal management materials of rectangular cell
Than the oil absorbent for 0~20% (such as 0,1%, 5%, 10%, 15% or 20%), more preferably 5~15% (such as 5%,
10% or 15%).Preferably, which is hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and/or high density
Polyethylene (HDPE).The present invention is gathered by adding hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and/or high density
The high oil absorptions resinoids such as ethylene (HDPE) can play styling to phase-change material, occur seriously after avoiding its melt phase change
Flowing and exudation problem.In addition, inventor has found to lead when the substance that selection expanded graphite etc. has stronger electric conductivity is used as
During hot filler, thermal management materials are easy to cause the short circuit between battery core in application process.Therefore, the present invention is using expansion stone
A certain amount of oil absorbent is added on the basis of the heat fillings such as ink, can also play and insulation is further wrapped up to expanded graphite etc.
Effect makes the resistivity of manufactured thermal management materials be improved by several ohm to 107Ohm rank, meets application requirement.
It is highly preferred that the oil absorbent is by hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and high density polyethylene (HDPE)
(HDPE) according to 1:2 to 1:3 mass ratio is made, and can realize best material property.On the one hand, since phase-change material melts
Become liquid after phase transformation, lose intensity and shape.For this problem, the present invention is highly dense using being added in phase-change material such as paraffin
The method of polyethylene (HDPE) is spent, high polymer alloy is formed using its similar compatibility principle with paraffin.In concrete application process
In, phase-change material melt phase change at 40~50 DEG C, and high-melting-point HDPE (170 DEG C of fusing point or more) does not melt, to the paraffin of liquid
Phase-change material plays the role of support frame, so as to play sizing to paraffin phase change material and maintain intensity.It is another
Aspect becomes liquid after phase-change material melt phase change, is easily oozed out from component surface, seriously affects properties of product and reliable in quality
Property.For this problem, the present invention utilizes the height of SEBS using the method that oil-absorbing resin SEBS is added in phase-change material such as paraffin
Oil absorption carries out suction encapsulation to the phase-change material of liquid, so as to solve the problems, such as the exudation of phase-change material component surface, meets
Application requirement.
In some preferred embodiments, it is made for the thermal management materials of rectangular cell of following raw material：75~
85% phase-change material, 5~10% heat filling, 5~15% fire retardant, 2~5% chopped strand and 3~13%
Oil absorbent.The thermal conductivity of the thermal management materials of the quality proportioning is high, has good battery pack uniform temperature, flame retardant property is good, shape
Shape stability is high and is not easy to ooze out.
The present invention can effectively prevent material shape caused by volume expansion or contraction by adding appropriate chopped strand
Become, therefore can largely improve the content of phase-change material in thermal management materials, and then improve the heat accumulation energy of thermal management materials
Power makes its adjusting control to temperature more stable.On the other hand, oil absorbent or a small amount of suction of addition can not be added in the present invention
Finish, and the function of carrier is realized by chopped strand, material volume can be effectively reduced, and improve heat conductivility and product capability
Learn intensity.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are please referred to, the heat management mould for rectangular cell respectively provided according to a second embodiment of the present invention
The sectional structure chart of block and battery pack.As shown in Fig. 2, the second embodiment is essentially identical with first embodiment, difference lies in heat
Management module 1 includes thermal management materials formed body 11 and the stone of the upper and lower surface positioned at thermal management materials formed body 11
Black sealant 12.
Graphite encapsulation layer 12 be directly molded in thermal management materials formed body mold process preferably by vermicular expanded graphite and
Into.The hole of expanded graphite is good sealing material through a diameter of 10~100nm.The thickness of the graphite encapsulation layer 12 is preferably
20~100 μm (such as 20,40,60,80 or 100 μm).Graphite encapsulation layer 12 is made using expanded graphite in the present invention can be to heat
Management material formed body 11 is sealed well, prevents phase-change material from generating leakage in endothermic process, can also the side of promotion
Shape battery 2 improves thermal conductivity to the heat transfer between thermal management materials.And phase transformation material in the thermal management materials that the present invention uses
The content of material is higher so that thermal management module 1 has higher thermal conductivity, can effectively will be between single battery each in battery pack
Temperature difference control in a certain range, improve battery pack overall efficiency.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are please referred to, the heat pipe for rectangular cell respectively provided according to a third embodiment of the present invention
Manage the sectional structure chart of module and battery pack.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the thermal management module 1 for rectangular cell of the battery pack
It is essentially identical with second embodiment, it differs only in, insulating film 13 has been wrapped up in the outside of entire thermal management module 1.Preferably,
The insulating film 13 is wrapped up by the stickup of the film with insulation performance of one-side band glue.The thickness of the insulating film is 25~100 μ
M (such as 25,40,50,65,80 or 100 μm).Insulating film 13 is selected by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride
(PVC), the group that polyimides (PI), polyethylene (PE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) are formed.More
Preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).The insulating film 13 can play effective insulation and make
With to prevent battery pack generation of leaking electricity during storage and use dangerous.
The present invention provides a kind of system of the thermal management module for rectangular cell described in first aspect in second aspect
Preparation Method includes the following steps：
(1) thermal management materials are coated in dies cavity；
(2) mold clamping is placed in baking oven and preheated；Preferably, when not adding oil absorbent in thermal management materials,
It is preheated to higher than 10 DEG C of fusing point of the phase-change material or more, preferably higher than 10 to 20 DEG C of phase-change material fusing point.When heat management material
When oil absorbent is added in material, it is preheated to higher than 10 DEG C of fusing point of oil absorbent or more, preferably higher than 10 to 20 DEG C of oil absorbent fusing point.
(3) compression moulding；
(4) mold is dismantled after cooling down, takes out prefabricated section, optionally in outer surface package insulating film up to for rectangular cell
Thermal management module.10 to 20 DEG C are cooled under the fusing point of phase-change material in the step.
Optionally, when setting graphite encapsulation layer, one layer of graphite is first uniformly coated in dies cavity bottom in step (1)
Powder；Then, uniformly it is coated with the powder of the thermal management materials；Finally, it is uniformly coated with one layer of graphite powder again.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned thermal management materials, specifically comprise the following steps：
(1) phase-change material is heated and melted, be optionally added into oil absorbent and stir evenly；
(2) heat filling and chopped strand are added in into the material of step (1) and is uniformly mixed；
(3) fire retardant is added in into the material of step (2) and is stirred evenly；
(4) it discharges, cool down, sieving, so as to which the thermal management materials be made.Such as material is cooled to often after discharging
Temperature, then shine larger caking using the sieve of 10~20 mesh, obtain the thermal management materials.
Preferably, when not adding oil absorbent in step (1), the phase-change material is heated to height when heating and melting
In 10 DEG C of fusing point of the phase-change material or more, preferably higher than 10 to 20 DEG C of phase-change material fusing point.When addition oil suction in step (1)
During agent, the phase-change material is heated above 10 DEG C of fusing point of oil absorbent or more, preferably higher than oil absorbent when heating and melting
10 to 20 DEG C of fusing point.
Hereafter the present invention will be further detailed by way of example, but since the present inventor can not possibly not have yet
It is necessary to exhaustively show all technical solutions obtained based on present inventive concept, protection scope of the present invention should not necessarily be limited by as
Lower example, and all technical solutions obtained based on present inventive concept should be included.
Example 1
(1) one layer of thermal management materials are coated in dies cavity；Wherein the component of thermal management materials is as illustrated in table 1；
(2) mold clamping is placed in baking oven and preheated；
(3) compression moulding；
(4) mold is dismantled after cooling down, takes out prefabricated section to get the thermal management module for rectangular cell；
(5) according to Fig. 1 assembling rectangular cells and the thermal management module, it can obtain battery pack.
Example 2 to 30
Other than the content shown in lower table 1, example 2 to 30 is carried out in a manner of identical with example 1.And detect heat pipe
Enthalpy, phase transition temperature and the thermal conductivity of material are managed, testing result is as illustrated in table 1.
In table 1：A1 represents the alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 45 DEG C, and A 2 represents the alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 55 DEG C, A3
Represent the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon that carbon atom number is 18, A4 represents the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon that carbon atom number is 22, and A5 represents that carbon atom number is
26 higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, A6 represent the higher aliphatic that carbon atom number is 12, and A7 represents the higher aliphatic that carbon atom number is 18,
A8 represents the polyethylene glycol that molecular weight is 10000, and A9 represents the polyethylene glycol that molecular weight is 20000, and A10 represents that carbon atom number is
14 higher fatty acids；B1 represents graphene, and B2 represents copper powder, and B3 represents graphite powder, and B4 represents nano aluminum nitride, and B5 expressions are led
Hot carbon fiber, B6 represent aluminium powder, and B7 represents expanded graphite；C1 represent deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin according to
3:1:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C 2 represent deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin according to 2.5:1:1
The fire retardant that mass ratio is prepared, C3 represent deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin according to 2:1:1 mass ratio is prepared
Fire retardant, C4 represents deca-BDE and antimony oxide according to 3:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C5 represent polyphosphoric acid
Ammonium (APP) and pentaerythrite (PER) are according to 3:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C6 represent ammonium polyphosphate (APP), Ji Wusi
Alcohol (PER) and melamine (MA) are according to 3:2:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C7 represent ammonium polyphosphate (APP), zinc borate
With melamine (MA) according to 3:2:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C8 expression silicone flame retardants, C9 expressions ammonium polyphosphate/
Montmorillonite (APP/MMT) nano-complex；D1 represents short glass fiber, and D2 represents chopped carbon fiber, and D3 represents the quartz that is chopped
Fiber, D4 represent the mullite fiber that is chopped, and D5 represents the aramid fiber that is chopped, and D6 represents the nylon fiber that is chopped, and D7 represents to be chopped poly-
Ester fiber；E1 represents hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS), and E2 represents high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), E3
By SEBS and HDPE according to 1:2 mass ratio is made, and E4 is by SEBS and HDPE according to 1:3 mass ratio is made, E5 by SEBS and
HDPE is according to 1:5 mass ratio is made.
During the experiment, inventor has found, in example 29 when using carbon atom number for 14 higher fatty acids, heat pipe
The easy moisture absorption of material is managed, and the aliphatic acid has corrosivity, stability and average temperature performance to material produce great shadow
It rings.In contrast, select higher aliphatic that higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, carbon atom number that carbon atom number is 18 to 26 are 12 to 18, molten
It is obtained when the polyethylene glycol that the alkane type paraffin or molecular weight that point is 25 to 55 DEG C are 800 to 20000 is as phase-change material
Thermal management materials are more stable in the environment, and overall performance is more preferably.
Example 31
Example 31 and example 1 are essentially identical, differ only in, and are first uniformly coated in dies cavity bottom in step (1)
One layer of expanded graphite powder；Then, uniformly it is coated with the powder of the thermal management materials；Finally, it is uniformly coated with one layer of expansion again
Graphite powder.Thus graphite encapsulation layer 12 is made in the upper and lower surface of thermal management materials formed body 11.
Example 32
Example 32 and example 1 are essentially identical, differ only in, in thermal management materials formed body 11 and graphite encapsulation layer 12
It is external all to superscribe the insulating film 13 made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), obtain thermal management module, such as Fig. 8
Shown in material object shooting picture.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 and example 1 are essentially identical, and difference lies in thermal management materials used by the thermal management module of battery pack
It is different.For the thermal management materials used in the comparative example 1 for phase change composite material, specific preparation process is as follows：It it is 44 DEG C by fusing point
Paraffin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer that Vinyl Acetate Monomer unit content is 14 weight % and fusing point is 90 DEG C
Grain, the heap density as inorganic filler are 45kg/m3And average grain diameter is the expanded pearlite in honeycomb structure inside 3.0mm
Rock, the graphite as enhanced thermal conduction agent, average grain diameter be 200nm magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide compound flame retardant (wherein
Magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide account for 45 weight % and 55 weight % respectively) according to 50%, 32%, 10%, 5% and 3% ratio
It weighs.Controllable temperature heating furnace is adjusted into temperature at 48 ± 1 DEG C, paraffin is added thereto and is melted for liquid, removal paraffin a to mixing
It in device, is added in into paraffin immediately in EVA particles at room temperature, 1- is stirred with 100 revs/min of stir speed (S.S.) with blender
2min is cooled to room temperature, and obtains the EVA particles coated by paraffin.Then, by gained coated particle and expanded perlite, graphite,
The compound flame retardant of nanometric magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide adds in double screw extruder and carries out melt blending extrusion, extruder
Screw speed is 180 revs/min, and temperature is controlled at 120 DEG C, is granulated and obtains the phase change composite material particle that average grain diameter is 1mm.Inspection
The enthalpy for surveying the phase change composite material is 90J/g, and phase transition temperature is 44 DEG C, thermal conductivity 0.5W/mK.It can be seen that according to this
The material enthalpy and thermal conductivity of thermal management module prepared by invention example 1-20 are substantially better than the phase transformation composite wood of the preparation of comparative example 1
Material.In addition, the compressive strength of thermal management materials prepared by 1-20 of the embodiment of the present invention can reach more than 1MPa, hence it is evident that better than pair
Phase change composite material prepared by ratio 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 and example 1 are essentially identical, and difference lies in thermal management materials are different.The heat management material of the thermal management module
Material formed body 11 is substituted by paraffin.The enthalpy for detecting material in the thermal management module of the comparative example 2 is 230J/g, and phase transition temperature is
45 DEG C, thermal conductivity 0.2W/mK.It can be seen that according to present example 1-20 prepare thermal management module material enthalpy and
The comprehensive performance of thermal conductivity is better than phase change composite material prepared by comparative example 1.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell, which is characterized in that the thermal management module include thermal management materials into
Type body, the thermal management materials formed body are made by thermal management materials by forming method；The thermal management materials include following
The component of mass percent：
2. thermal management module according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The phase-change material be selected from be 18 to 26 by carbon atom number higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, carbon atom number be 12 to 18 higher aliphatic
A kind of material in the group of polyethylene glycol composition that alkane type paraffin that alcohol, fusing point are 25 to 55 DEG C, molecular weight are 800 to 20000
Material；Preferably, the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon and fusing point that it is 18 to 26 by carbon atom number that the phase-change material, which is selected from, are 30 to 55 DEG C
The group of alkane type paraffin composition；It is further preferred that the phase-change material is the alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 30 to 55 DEG C；And/or
The content of the phase-change material is 66~90%, more preferably 70~90%；And/or
The heat filling is selected from by aluminium powder, copper powder, graphite powder, nano aluminum nitride, heat conduction carbon fiber, graphene, expanded graphite
The group of composition；Preferably, the heat filling is selected from the group being made of heat conduction carbon fiber, graphene, expanded graphite；More preferably
, the heat filling is selected from the group being made of graphene and expanded graphite；And/or
The content of the heat filling is 5~10%；And/or
The fire retardant be selected from by deca-BDE, ammonium polyphosphate, silicone flame retardant, ammonium polyphosphate/montmorillonite nano complex,
The group that pentaerythrite, zinc borate, terpene resin, antimony oxide, melamine form；Preferably, the fire retardant is by ten
Dibromodiphenyl ether, antimony oxide and terpene resin are made；And/or
The content of the fire retardant is 5~20%, more preferably 10~15%；And/or
The chopped strand is selected from by chopped carbon fiber, short glass fiber, the quartz fibre that is chopped, be chopped mullite fiber, short
Cut the group of aramid fiber, the nylon fiber that is chopped, the compositions such as polyester fiber that are chopped；Preferably, the chopped strand is selected from by short
Cut the group of carbon fiber, short glass fiber, the quartz fibre composition that is chopped；It is further preferred that the chopped strand is selected from by being chopped
The group of glass fibre and chopped quartz fibre composition；And/or
The content of the chopped strand is 2~5%；And/or the length of the chopped strand be 2~10mm, more preferably 3~
5mm；And/or a diameter of 2~50 μm of the chopped strand.
3. thermal management module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermal management materials also include mass percent
For 0~20% oil absorbent.
4. thermal management module according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The oil absorbent is hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer and/or high density polyethylene (HDPE)；And/or
The content of the oil absorbent is 5~15%.
5. according to the thermal management module described in any one of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the thermal management module further includes
Positioned at the graphite encapsulation layer of the upper and lower surface of the thermal management materials formed body.
6. the thermal management module according to claim 5 for rectangular cell, which is characterized in that the graphite encapsulation layer by
Vermicular expanded graphite is directly molded in thermal management materials formed body mold process.
7. thermal management module according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the outer surface of the thermal management module is also covered with
Insulating layer.
8. thermal management module according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the thickness of the thermal management materials formed body is 1
~10mm；And/or the thickness of the graphite encapsulation layer is 20~100 μm.
9. the preparation method of the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to any one of claim 1-8, feature
It is, includes the following steps：
(1) thermal management materials are coated in dies cavity；Optionally, when setting graphite encapsulation layer, first at dies cavity bottom
Portion is coated with one layer of graphite powder, is then coated with the thermal management materials, then one layer of graphite powder is coated on the thermal management materials
Material；
(2) mold clamping is placed in baking oven and preheated；
(3) compression moulding；
(4) mold is dismantled after cooling down, takes out prefabricated section, optionally in outer surface package insulating film up to the heat for rectangular cell
Management module.
10. a kind of battery pack, which is characterized in that including multiple rectangular cells and be arranged between the rectangular cell as
The thermal management module for rectangular cell described in any one of claim 1-8.
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| PCT/CN2017/089976 WO2018103306A1 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2017-06-26 | Thermal management module for use in square battery, manufacturing method for module, and applications thereof |
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| CN109244596A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-18 | 温州玖源锂电池科技发展有限公司 | A kind of lithium battery of rapid cooling |
| CN109251528A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-22 | 合肥巧织纺织科技有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection flame retardant automatic foot-mat |
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| CN111261974A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-09 | 广东工业大学 | Phase change material module for battery thermal management system and preparation method and application thereof |
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| WO2021035648A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | 张立强 | Phase-change thermal storage material-based die casting method for battery temperature control suite |
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| CN109473580A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-15 | 郑学明 | A kind of lithium battery temperature adjusts shell and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2021035648A1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-04 | 张立强 | Phase-change thermal storage material-based die casting method for battery temperature control suite |
| CN111261974A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-09 | 广东工业大学 | Phase change material module for battery thermal management system and preparation method and application thereof |
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