CN206878135U - A kind of thermal management module and battery pack for rectangular cell - Google Patents
A kind of thermal management module and battery pack for rectangular cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN206878135U CN206878135U CN201621354242.1U CN201621354242U CN206878135U CN 206878135 U CN206878135 U CN 206878135U CN 201621354242 U CN201621354242 U CN 201621354242U CN 206878135 U CN206878135 U CN 206878135U
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- thermal management
- management module
- rectangular cell
- battery pack
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of thermal management module and battery pack for rectangular cell is the utility model is related to, the thermal management module includes thermal management materials formed body, and it is made by thermal management materials by forming method；With the graphite encapsulation layer of the upper and lower surface positioned at the thermal management materials formed body.The utility model is sealed in the upper and lower surface of thermal management materials formed body using graphite, on the one hand rectangular cell can be promoted the problem of a small amount of phase-change material oozes out occur after on the other hand can preventing the phase-change material melt phase change in thermal management materials to the heat transfer between thermal management materials.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to battery thermal management technical field, more particularly to a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell
And battery pack.
Background technology
Battery such as secondary cell has been widely used as the energy source for portable radio device, such as can conduct
Power supply for electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle etc., so as to solve by using petroleum fuel
Vehicle caused by such as air pollution the problems such as.Small-sized portable radio device may use one or more battery list
Member, and medium-sized or large-scale wireless device such as vehicle may use the medium-sized of the multiple battery units for including being electrically connected to each other
Or large-sized battery module, such medium-sized or large-sized battery module are generally manufactured to as small as possible size and again
Amount, thus can be often used as with high integration stacking and the square battery with small gravimetric ratio medium-sized or big
The battery unit of type battery module.On the contrary, for cylindrical battery, there is Iinvalid volume it is big the problem of, cylindric electricity
The diameter in pond is restricted because of the thickness of battery accommodating section, therefore, often using rectangular cell.
The charge characteristic of battery changes at elevated temperature, and if charged at an excessive temperature, enables to battery
Cycle life significantly shortens.If for example, being charged repeatedly at about 50 DEG C, the cycle life of some lithium-base batteries reduces by more than
50%.Because cycle life can be reduced largely, if so charging temperature is not controlled in appropriate limitation, the use of battery
Life Cost can be greatly increased.If moreover, at too low temperature charge or work, such as less than about -30 DEG C, one
A little heavy-duty batteries can show reduced performance and be likely to be broken.In addition, battery and array may undergo forever
The safety-related thing such as fire, blast is resulted even in when destroying or damage long the incident heat of battery, and exceeding temperature conditionss
Part.For rectangular cell, if operating ambient temperature is too high, the side of the battery case of rectangular cell is inevitable
The problems such as ground will expand, and this can not only produce installation difficulty of the battery on using the machine of battery, and it is pre- due to reserve
Expansion space, thus the problems such as can also bring idle space increase.Therefore, it is typically necessary and heat management is carried out to battery, with control
The operating ambient temperature of battery processed.
At present, battery thermal management system is generally divided into air-cooled and water-cooled.Wherein, it is air-cooled and including nature air swept type
With it is forced air-cooled, the former using the free convection type of cooling carry out battery radiating, the latter typically using electric fan force pair
The mode of stream cooling is radiated.The scheme of air-cooled heat management device is also more single, is more thought of as the radiating of battery,
And it is a blank in terms of pre-add hot function during to battery cold start-up.Moreover, there is problems with for prior art：(1) it is strong
The mode of convection current cooling processed, it is more aobvious to the electrokinetic cell cooling effect close to electric fan due to not designing ventilation shaft
Write, but effective cooling will be difficult to the electrokinetic cell away from electric fan, will so cause each battery list inside battery case
Body internal temperature is uneven, and the mode of free convection cooling, and efficiently electrokinetic cell can not be radiated；(2) without pre-
Heating function, by force by after battery cold start-up, more serious influence can be caused to electrokinetic cell service life；(3) electricity is entered
The air quantity of pond module has bigger difference, and the heat and heat dissipation environment of each module are different, cause each battery module in varying environment temperature
Degree is lower to work, so that the temperature difference of intermodule more can be increased drastically, the temperature difference of this intermodule causes the inconsistent of battery performance
Property, finally influence performance and the life-span of whole battery module.Water-cooled method is rarely employed to realize heat management in current battery, because
Often more complicated for water-cooling structure, cost is higher, also deposits the danger for going back condensed water leakage.
Phase-change material (PCMs) refer to material can be absorbed when undergoing phase transition or release heat and the material self-temperature not
Become or change a kind of little intellectual material.Due to functions such as its unique adaptive environment temperature adjustings, thus it is widely used in
The energy such as Solar use, industrial exhaust heat Waste Heat Recovery, building energy conservation, constant temperature dress ornament, cold-storage and thermal storage air-conditioning and electrical part constant temperature
The fields such as source, material, Aero-Space, weaving, electric power, medical instrument, building.
According to the phase-state change process of phase-change material, solid-solid phase transition material, solid-liquid phase change material can be broadly divided into
Material, solid-gas phase-change material, liquid-gas phase-change material.Volume Changes are very big when solid-gas phase transformation, liquid-gas phase transformation, and device is answered during use
It is miscellaneous, it is unfavorable for practical application, studies at present less.Solid-liquid phase change Volume Changes are small, and latent heat is larger, and energy storage is good, phase transition temperature model
Enclose extensively, be widely used in practice.But there is melt-flow in solid-liquid phase change material and the serious of infiltration migration is asked
Topic, therefore have to use container package when in use, the cost of system is thus not only added, while it is suitable also to greatly limit it
Use occasion.From the perspective of practical application, use device that solid-solid phase-change need not be complicated, it is not necessary to which closure is good
Packing container, applicable situation is more extensive and system cost is relatively low.It is thus proposed that realized using phase-change material
Battery thermal management.
Once it has been proposed that a kind of phase change composite material in this area, comprising：A) 30-65% phase-change material, it is fusing point
For 25-45 DEG C of low melt point paraffin and/or dodecanol；B) 25-45% carrier material, its be high density polyethylene (HDPE) and/or
Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer；C) 5-15% inorganic filler, it is porous mass and is selected from expanded perlite and expansion stone
One or more in ink；D) 1-10% enhanced thermal conduction agent；And E) 1-10% fire retardant, wherein the phase-change material,
Inorganic filler, enhanced thermal conduction agent and fire retardant are scattered in the space net structure that carrier material is formed.But the patent
Phase change composite material is due to containing porous inorganic filling materials, and carrier material content is high, causes phase-change material content relatively low,
Heat storage capacity is poor, is only suitable for using as construction material such as wall heat insulation material.
In addition, somebody proposes a kind of battery pack and the barrier film for battery pack, for the thermal runaway risk of lithium battery, adopt
Increase the measure of composite barrier film between single battery core in battery pack, it is intended to pass through the thermal expansion to heat in battery pack
Scattered process is controlled to lift the security of battery system.The composite barrier film can be by heat-barrier material (such as asbestos or PP
Plastics) and high heat capacity/phase-change material (such as paraffin) composition.But the material composition used in the barrier film is more single, easily
There is the problem of phase-change material oozes out after phase-change material melt phase change.
Therefore, although having the scheme that phase-change material is used as battery thermal management, these battery thermal managements in the prior art
Material thermal conductivity is low, poor thermal conductivity, easily causes problems with：
1) when some cell overheats, heat can not be removed effectively, easily cause in battery pack each cell it
Between non-uniform temperature；
2) when battery pack temperature persistently raises, it will also cause whole battery pack temperature to exceed tolerable temperature, and make battery mould
Block accelerated deterioration, and then service life is reduced, some battery packs are even caught fire or exploded, and bring larger potential safety hazard；
If 3) battery pack long-term work is in the case of a high temperature, the power output of battery pack with the rise of temperature and significantly under
Drop, causes battery component to give full play to maximum performance.
In addition, these thermal management materials also have poor flame retardant properties, easily burning, manufactured element shapes stability and follow
The problems such as it is poor that ring is stablized, and assembly surface easily oozes out.Therefore, rectangular cell is highly desirable to the battery heat that can solve the problem that above mentioned problem
Managed Solution.
Utility model content
In order to solve one or more above mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of heat management mould for rectangular cell
Block and battery pack.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：
1st, a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell, including：
(1) thermal management materials formed body, it is made by thermal management materials by forming method；With
(2) it is located at the graphite encapsulation layer of the upper and lower surface of the thermal management materials formed body.
2nd, the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to technical scheme 1, wherein, the graphite encapsulation layer is by swollen
Swollen graphite is made.
3rd, the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to technical scheme 1 or 2, wherein, the thermal management module
Outer surface be also covered with insulating barrier.
4th, the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to technical scheme 3, wherein, the insulating barrier is selected from by gathering
The group that ethylene glycol terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyimides, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) are formed.
5th, the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to technical scheme 4, wherein, the thickness of the insulating barrier is
25~100 μm.
6th, the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to technical scheme 1, wherein, the thermal management materials shaping
The thickness of body is 1~10mm.
7th, the thermal management module for rectangular cell according to technical scheme 1, wherein, the thickness of the graphite encapsulation layer
Spend for 20~100 μm.
8th, a kind of battery pack, wherein, including multiple rectangular cells, and be arranged between the rectangular cell such as technical side
The thermal management module for rectangular cell any one of case 1-7.
9th, the battery pack according to technical scheme 8, wherein, the thickness D of the rectangular cell and the thickness of thermal management module
Degree d meets following relation：
D=D/ η；
Wherein η is coefficient, and no unit dimension, η value is 5-20.
10th, the battery pack according to technical scheme 8, wherein, the thermal management module is pasted onto described square in the form of sheets
Between battery.
Implement the thermal management module and battery pack of the present utility model for rectangular cell, have the advantages that：
(1) thermal management module of the present utility model for rectangular cell has good heat conductivility and function of temperature control,
Available for the battery pack heat management of electrokinetic cell, communication base station battery and other rectangular cells, when cell in battery pack
During overheat, thermal management materials can effectively absorb heat and rapidly conduction diffusion, ensure in battery pack between each cell
Temperature homogeneity.
(2) when battery pack bulk temperature is too high, thermal management module of the present utility model can absorb excessive heat and
Play a part of preventing overtemperature；When battery pack temperature is too low, thermal management module can discharge stored heat energy itself, prevent
Battery pack reduces battery efficiency because temperature is too low.Therefore, thermal management module of the present utility model can ensure the fortune of battery pack
Trip temperature is no more than tolerable temperature, increases the service life, and improves the security of battery pack.
(3) the utility model can operate in battery pack specified by regulation and control of the thermal management module to battery pack temperature
In temperature range, the overall efficiency of battery pack is improved.
(4) the utility model is sealed in the upper and lower surface of thermal management materials formed body using expanded graphite,
On the one hand rectangular cell can be promoted on the other hand can be prevented to the heat transfer between thermal management materials in thermal management materials
There is the problem of phase-change material oozes out after phase-change material melt phase change.
(5) contain chopped strand in the thermal management materials component that the utility model uses, effective enhancing can be played and made
With, can resist module melt, solidify during phase transformation because of volumetric expansion repeatedly, shrink caused by destruction；Therefore can be larger
The content of phase-change material in thermal management materials is improved to degree, and then improves the heat storage capacity of thermal management materials, makes it to temperature
Adjustment control it is more stable.
(6) contain efficient flame-retarding agent in the thermal management materials component that the utility model uses, can effectively prevent battery pack
The combustion problem caused by accident, greatly improve the security performance of battery pack；
(7) it can be added in the thermal management materials component that the utility model uses or not add oil absorbent, when using hydrogen
When changing the high oil absorption resinoids such as SBS elastomer (SEBS) and/or high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), energy
It is enough that styling is played to phase-change material, there is serious flowing after avoiding its melt phase change and ooze out problem.
(8) High Efficiency Thermal management material and High Efficiency Thermal management module of the present utility model, belong to passive type heat management, without volume
Outer energy consumption, there is the advantage for saving the energy；And its superior performance, preparation technology is simple, is easy to mass production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the battery pack provided according to the utility model preferred embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the cross-section structure of the thermal management module for rectangular cell provided according to the utility model first embodiment
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the sectional structure chart of the battery pack provided according to the utility model first embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the cross-section structure of the thermal management module for rectangular cell provided according to the utility model second embodiment
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the sectional structure chart of the battery pack provided according to the utility model second embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the cross-section structure of the thermal management module for rectangular cell provided according to the utility model 3rd embodiment
Figure；
Fig. 7 is the sectional structure chart of the battery pack provided according to the utility model 3rd embodiment.
Embodiment
It is real to the utility model below to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the utility model embodiment clearer
The technical scheme applied in example is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is that a part of the present utility model is real
Apply example, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
The every other embodiment obtained on the premise of creative work, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Referring to Fig. 1, it is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the battery pack provided according to the utility model preferred embodiment.The battery pack
Including multiple rectangular cells 2, and the thermal management module 1 for rectangular cell being arranged between rectangular cell 2.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, thermal management module 1 in the form of sheets, can use as the interlayer between each rectangular cell 2 of battery pack, realize high integration
Battery pack.Should, although shown in the drawings of the particular number of rectangular cell 2, be understood not to other side
The restriction of the quantity of shape battery 2, battery pack of the present utility model can assemble some rectangular cells 2 as needed, to form high collection
The array stacked into degree.The content of phase-change material is higher in the thermal management materials that the utility model uses, can be in battery
When group temperature is too high, farthest absorbs excessive heat and play a part of preventing overtemperature；When battery pack temperature is too low,
Stored heat energy itself can be discharged, playing prevents battery pack from reducing battery efficiency because temperature is too low.Therefore, this practicality is new
The High Efficiency Thermal management module of type has higher thermal conductivity, can be effectively by the temperature difference control between each cell in battery pack
System within the specific limits, improves battery pack overall efficiency.
As described above, the utility model provides a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell in first aspect.This reality
With the new battery pack provided in the third aspect using the thermal management module.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are referred to, respectively according to this reality
With the offer of new first embodiment for the thermal management module of rectangular cell and the sectional structure chart of battery pack.Such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
Shown, thermal management module 1 is made up of thermal management materials formed body 11.The thermal management materials formed body 11 is passed through by thermal management materials
Forming method is made.The thermal management materials include phase-change material, heat filling, fire retardant and chopped strand.
In some preferred embodiments, the thermal management materials formed body 11 is shaped as cuboid.The heat pipe
The size of reason material molded compact 11 can be dimensioned to different size according to rectangular cell, it is only necessary to length and width and side
Shape battery is consistent.The rectangular cell that the present invention is applicable includes but is not limited to following specification (the long wide * thickness of *)：173mm*
85mm*21mm、148mm*103mm*92mm、275mm*116mm*21mm、140mm*65mm*18mm、140mm*100mm*20mm、
248mm*173mm*7mm、190mm*88mm*7.6mm.The thickness of the thermal management materials formed body 11 be 1~10mm (such as 1,
3rd, 5,8 or 10mm), more preferably 3~6mm (such as 3,4,5 or 6mm).
In some preferred embodiments, the thickness D of rectangular cell and the thickness d of thermal management module meet with ShiShimonoseki
System：
D=D/ η；
Wherein η is coefficient, and no unit dimension, η value is 5-20.The thickness of above-mentioned thermal management module sets for optimal size
Meter, good samming effect can be played to the rectangular cell of installation.
In some preferred embodiments, thermal management materials formed body 11 is being made a reservation for by the thermal management materials powder used
Molding forms in mould, and the thermal management materials include the component of following mass percent：
Phase-change material, 55~90% (such as 55%, 66%, 70%, 80%, 85% or 90%)；
Heat filling, 4~20% (such as 4%, 10%, 15% or 20%)；
Fire retardant, 4~20% (such as 4%, 10%, 15% or 20%)；
Chopped strand, 2~10% (such as 2%, 5%, 8% or 10%).
In some preferred embodiments, the melt phase change temperature for the phase-change material that the utility model uses is 25
To 55 DEG C (such as：25th, 30,35,40,45,50 or 55 DEG C), and/or the latent heat of phase change of the phase-change material is 160 to 270kJ/
Kg (such as 160,180,200,240 or 270kJ/kg).
In some preferred embodiments, the phase-change material be selected from by carbon number be 18 to 26 higher aliphatic
(such as carbon number is for hydrocarbon (such as carbon number is 18,20,22,24 or 26), the higher aliphatic that carbon number is 12 to 18
12nd, 14,16,17 or 18), (such as fusing point is 25,30,35,40,45,50 or 55 for alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 25 to 55 DEG C
DEG C), polyethylene glycol that molecular weight is 800 to 20000 (such as molecular weight is 800,1000,5000,15000 or 20000) composition
Group in a kind of material.Preferably, the phase-change material be selected from by carbon number be 18 to 26 higher aliphatic hydrocarbon (such as
Carbon number be 18,20,22,24 or 26) and fusing point be 30 to 55 DEG C alkane type paraffin (such as fusing point is 30,35,40,45,
50 or 55 DEG C) composition group；It is further preferred that the phase-change material is that alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 30 to 55 DEG C is (such as molten
Point is 30,35,40,45,50 or 55 DEG C).
In some preferred embodiments, mass percent of the phase-change material in thermal management materials is 66~90%
(such as 66%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%).Preferably, the mass percent of the phase-change material be 70~
90% (such as 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%), more preferably 75~85% (such as 75%, 80% or 85%).
In some preferred embodiments, the heat filling be selected from by aluminium powder, copper powder, graphite powder, nano aluminum nitride,
Heat conduction carbon fiber, graphene, the group of expanded graphite composition；Preferably, the heat filling is selected from by heat conduction carbon fiber, graphite
The group of alkene, expanded graphite composition；It is further preferred that the heat filling is selected from the group being made up of graphene and expanded graphite.More
Preferably, the mass percent of the heat filling is 5~10% (such as 5%, 8% or 10%).
In some preferred embodiments, the fire retardant is selected from by deca-BDE (DBDPO), APP
(APP), silicone flame retardant, APP/montmorillonite (APP/MMT) nano-complex, pentaerythrite (PER), Firebrake ZB, terpenes
Resin, antimony oxide (Sb2O3), melamine (MA) composition group.Fire retardant can be a kind of material in the utility model,
It can also be the flame-retardant system of many kinds of substance composition.For example, individually using deca-BDE (DBDPO), APP (APP),
One kind in silicone flame retardant and APP/montmorillonite (APP/MMT) nano-complex is as fire retardant.In another example use
Main component of the deca-BDE (DBDPO) as fire retardant, addition antimony oxide (Sb2O3) synergist is used as, improve ten bromines
The flame retarding efficiency of diphenyl ether (DBDPO), wherein deca-BDE (DBDPO) and antimony oxide (Sb2O3) mass ratio be 3:1.
In another example using Intumescent Retardant System, be typically made up of source of the gas, acid source and carbon forming agent, for example, with APP (APP) for acid
Source, may also function as the effect of source of the gas, and it is carbon forming agent to be aided with pentaerythrite (PER).Wherein carbon forming agent can also by Firebrake ZB or
Terpene resin is substituted, and source of the gas can also be provided by melamine (MA).It is highly preferred that the fire retardant in the utility model is by ten bromines
Diphenyl ether, antimony oxide and terpene resin are made, wherein by deca-BDE (DBDPO), antimony oxide (Sb2O3) and terpene
The mass ratio of olefine resin is preferably (2-3):1:1, more preferably 3:1:1.Experiment proves can using the fire retardant of the quality proportioning
To obtain more preferable flame retardant effect.
In some preferred embodiments, mass percent of the fire retardant in thermal management materials be 5~20% (such as
5%th, 10%, 12%, 15% or 20%), more preferably 10~15% (such as 10%, 12% or 15%).Above-mentioned material component
The efficient flame-retarding agent of middle addition, battery pack combustion problem caused by accident can be effectively prevented, greatly improve the peace of battery pack
Full performance.
In some preferred embodiments, the chopped strand is selected from by chopped carbon fiber, short glass fiber, is chopped
Quartz fibre, the mullite that is chopped is fine, the aramid fiber that is chopped, the nylon fiber that is chopped, the group for the compositions such as polyester fiber that are chopped.Preferably
It is that the chopped strand is selected from the group being made up of chopped carbon fiber, short glass fiber, the quartz fibre that is chopped；Wherein be chopped carbon
Fiber can use heat conduction carbon fiber or non-conductive carbon fiber, more preferably using non-conductive carbon fiber.With using heat conduction
Carbon fiber is compared, and the utility model makes chopped strand using non-conductive carbon fiber, can effectively reduce thermal management materials
Cost of material, and it is non-conductive for 4~20% heat filling, use due to the addition of mass percent in thermal management materials
Carbon fiber can also meet the heat conductivility requirement of overall thermal management material.It is further preferred that the chopped strand is selected from by short
Cut the group of glass fibre and chopped quartz fibre composition.
In some preferred embodiments, mass percent of the chopped strand in thermal management materials is 2~5%
(such as 2%, 4% or 5%)；The length of the chopped strand used is 2~10mm (such as 2,4,6,8 or 10mm), and more preferably 3
~5mm；A diameter of 2~50 μm (such as 2,10,20,30,40 or 50 μm) of chopped strand.Thermal management materials of the present utility model
In the chopped strand that contains can play effective humidification, resistance thermal management materials melting, solidifying phase repeatedly when in use
The destruction caused by volumetric expansion, contraction during change.
In some preferred embodiments, the thermal management materials that the utility model is used for rectangular cell also include quality
Percentage be 0~20% (such as 0,1%, 5%, 10%, 15% or 20%) oil absorbent, more preferably 5~15% (such as
5%th, 10% or 15%).Preferably, the oil absorbent is hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and/or height
Density polyethylene (HDPE).The utility model by add hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and/or
The high oil absorption resinoids such as high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), styling can be played to phase-change material, after avoiding its melt phase change
There is serious flowing and ooze out problem.In addition, utility model people has found that elected expanded graphite etc. has stronger electric conductivity
Material as heat filling when, thermal management materials easily cause the short circuit between battery core in application process.Therefore, this practicality
It is new to add a certain amount of oil absorbent on the basis of using heat fillings such as expanded graphites, it can also play to expanded graphite etc.
The further effect of parcel insulation, the resistivity of manufactured thermal management materials is set to be improved by several ohm to 107Ohm rank, meets
Application requirement.
It is highly preferred that the oil absorbent is by hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS) and high density polyethylene (HDPE)
(HDPE) according to 1:2 to 1:3 mass ratio is made, and can realize optimal material property.On the one hand, because phase-change material melts
Become liquid after phase transformation, lose intensity and shape.For this problem, the utility model is used and added in phase-change material such as paraffin
The method of high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), high polymer alloy is formed using the similar compatibility principle of itself and paraffin.In concrete application
During, phase-change material melt phase change at 40~50 DEG C, and high-melting-point HDPE (more than 170 DEG C of fusing point) does not melt, to liquid
Paraffin phase change material plays a part of support frame, so as to serve sizing to paraffin phase change material and maintain the effect of intensity.
On the other hand, become liquid after phase-change material melt phase change, easily oozed out from component surface, have a strong impact on properties of product and quality
Reliability.For this problem, the utility model is utilized using the method that oil-absorbing resin SEBS is added in phase-change material such as paraffin
SEBS high oil absorption characteristic, suction encapsulation is carried out to the phase-change material of liquid, oozed out so as to solving phase-change material component surface
Problem, meet application requirement.
In some preferred embodiments, the thermal management materials for rectangular cell are made up of following raw material：75~
85% phase-change material, 5~10% heat filling, 5~15% fire retardant, 2~5% chopped strand and 3~13%
Oil absorbent.The thermal conductivity of the thermal management materials of the quality proportioning is high, has good battery pack uniform temperature, fire resistance is good, shape
Shape stability is high and is not easy to ooze out.
The utility model can effectively prevent material caused by volumetric expansion or contraction by adding appropriate chopped strand
Deformation, therefore the content of phase-change material in thermal management materials can be largely improved, and then improve the heat accumulation of thermal management materials
Ability, make its adjustment control to temperature more stable.On the other hand, oil absorbent or addition can not be added in the utility model
A small amount of oil absorbent, and the function of carrier is realized by chopped strand, can effectively reduce material volume, and improve heat conductivility and
Product mechanical strength.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the heat pipe for rectangular cell respectively provided according to the utility model second embodiment are provided
Manage the sectional structure chart of module and battery pack.As shown in Fig. 2 the second embodiment is essentially identical with first embodiment, distinguish
Include thermal management materials formed body 11 and the upper and lower surface positioned at thermal management materials formed body 11 in thermal management module 1
Graphite encapsulation layer 12.
Graphite encapsulation layer 12 be directly molded in thermal management materials formed body mold process preferably by vermicular expanded graphite and
Into.The hole of expanded graphite is good encapsulant through a diameter of 10~100nm.The thickness of the graphite encapsulation layer 12 is preferably
20~100 μm (such as 20,40,60,80 or 100 μm).The utility model uses expanded graphite that graphite encapsulation layer 12 is made can be with
Opposite heat tube reason material molded compact 11 is sealed well, is prevented phase-change material from producing seepage in endothermic process, can also be promoted
Enter rectangular cell 2 to the heat transfer between thermal management materials, improve thermal conductivity.And the thermal management materials that the utility model uses
The content of middle phase-change material is higher so that thermal management module 1 has higher thermal conductivity, can be effectively by each monomer in battery pack
Temperature difference control between battery improves battery pack overall efficiency within the specific limits.
Please refer to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, be respectively used for rectangular cell according to what the utility model 3rd embodiment provided
The sectional structure chart of thermal management module and battery pack.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the heat management for rectangular cell of the battery pack
Module 1 is essentially identical with second embodiment, differs only in, in the outer wrap dielectric film 13 of whole thermal management module 1.It is excellent
Selection of land, the dielectric film 13 are pasted parcel by the film with insulating properties of one-side band glue and formed.The thickness of the dielectric film is 25
~100 μm (such as 25,40,50,65,80 or 100 μm).Dielectric film 13 is selected by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), gathered
Vinyl chloride (PVC), polyimides (PI), polyethylene (PE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) are formed
Group.More preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).The dielectric film 13 can play effectively
Insulating effect, to prevent battery pack generation of being leaked electricity during storage and use dangerous.
The utility model provides the thermal management module for rectangular cell described in a kind of first aspect in second aspect
Preparation method, it comprises the following steps：
(1) thermal management materials are coated with dies cavity；
(2) it will be placed in baking oven and preheat after mould matched moulds；Preferably, when not adding oil absorbent in thermal management materials,
It is preheated to more than 10 DEG C of the fusing point higher than the phase-change material, preferably above 10 to 20 DEG C of phase-change material fusing point.When heat management material
When oil absorbent is added in material, more than 10 DEG C of the fusing point higher than oil absorbent, preferably above 10 to 20 DEG C of oil absorbent fusing point are preheated to.
(3) it is compressing；
(4) take mould after cooling apart, take out prefabricated section, alternatively parcel dielectric film is produced for rectangular cell in outer surface
Thermal management module.10 to 20 DEG C are cooled under the fusing point of phase-change material in the step.
Alternatively, when setting graphite encapsulation layer, first one layer of graphite is coated with dies cavity bottom even in step (1)
Powder；Then, uniformly it is coated with the powder of the thermal management materials；Finally, one layer of graphite powder is uniformly coated with again.
The utility model additionally provides the preparation method of above-mentioned thermal management materials, specifically comprises the following steps：
(1) phase-change material is heated and melted, be optionally added into oil absorbent and stir；
(2) heat filling and chopped strand are added into the material of step (1) and is uniformly mixed；
(3) fire retardant is added into the material of step (2) and is stirred；
(4) discharge, cool down, sieving, so as to which the thermal management materials be made.Such as material is cooled to often after discharging
Temperature, then shine larger caking using the screen cloth of 10~20 mesh, obtain the thermal management materials.
Preferably, when not adding oil absorbent in step (1), the phase-change material is heated paramount when heating and melting
In more than 10 DEG C of the fusing point of the phase-change material, preferably above 10 to 20 DEG C of phase-change material fusing point.When addition oil suction in step (1)
During agent, the phase-change material is heated above more than 10 DEG C of the fusing point of oil absorbent, preferably above oil absorbent when heating and melting
10 to 20 DEG C of fusing point.
Hereafter the utility model will be further detailed by way of example, but due to the utility model people not
May be also It is not necessary to exhaustively show all technical schemes obtained based on the utility model design, guarantor of the present utility model
Shield scope should not necessarily be limited by following example, and should include all technical schemes obtained based on the utility model design.
Example 1
(1) one layer of thermal management materials are coated with dies cavity；Wherein the component of thermal management materials is as illustrated in table 1；
(2) it will be placed in baking oven and preheat after mould matched moulds；
(3) it is compressing；
(4) take mould after cooling apart, take out prefabricated section, produce the thermal management module for rectangular cell；
(5) rectangular cell and the thermal management module are assembled according to Fig. 1, can obtain battery pack.
Example 2 to 30
In addition to the content shown in lower form 1, example 2 to 30 is carried out in a manner of with the identical of example 1.And detect heat pipe
Enthalpy, phase transition temperature and the thermal conductivity of material are managed, its testing result is as illustrated in table 1.
In form 1：A1 represents the alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 45 DEG C, and A 2 represents the alkane type paraffin that fusing point is 55 DEG C, A
3 represent the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon that carbon number is 18, and A4 represents the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon that carbon number is 22, and A5 represents that carbon number is
26 higher aliphatic hydrocarbon, A6 represent the higher aliphatic that carbon number is 12, and A7 represents the higher aliphatic that carbon number is 18,
A8 represents the polyethylene glycol that molecular weight is 10000, and A9 represents the polyethylene glycol that molecular weight is 20000, and A10 represents that carbon number is
14 higher fatty acids；B1 represents graphene, and B2 represents copper powder, and B3 represents graphite powder, and B4 represents nano aluminum nitride, and B5 represents to lead
Hot carbon fiber, B6 represent aluminium powder, and B7 represents expanded graphite；C1 represent deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin according to
3:1:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C 2 represent deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin according to 2.5:1:1
The fire retardant that mass ratio is prepared, C3 represent deca-BDE, antimony oxide and terpene resin according to 2:1:1 mass ratio is prepared
Fire retardant, C4 represents deca-BDE and antimony oxide according to 3:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C5 represent polyphosphoric acid
Ammonium (APP) and pentaerythrite (PER) are according to 3:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C6 represent APP (APP), Ji Wusi
Alcohol (PER) and melamine (MA) are according to 3:2:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C7 represent APP (APP), Firebrake ZB
With melamine (MA) according to 3:2:The fire retardant that 1 mass ratio is prepared, C8 expression silicone flame retardants, C9 expressions APP/
Montmorillonite (APP/MMT) nano-complex；D1 represents short glass fiber, and D2 represents chopped carbon fiber, and D3 represents the quartz that is chopped
Fiber, D4 represent the mullite fiber that is chopped, and D5 represents chopped aramid fiber, and D6 represents the nylon fiber that is chopped, and D7, which represents to be chopped, to be gathered
Ester fiber；E1 represents hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene elastomer (SEBS), and E2 represents high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), E3
By SEBS and HDPE according to 1:2 mass ratio is made, and E4 is by SEBS and HDPE according to 1:3 mass ratio is made, E5 by SEBS and
HDPE is according to 1:5 mass ratio is made.
In experimentation, utility model people has found, in example 29 when using carbon number for 14 higher fatty acids,
The easy moisture absorption of thermal management materials, and the aliphatic acid has corrosivity, and the stability and average temperature performance to material generate greatly
Influence.By comparison, the higher aliphatic that the higher aliphatic hydrocarbon for being 18 to 26 from carbon number, carbon number are 12 to 18
When the polyethylene glycol that the alkane type paraffin or molecular weight that alcohol, fusing point are 25 to 55 DEG C are 800 to 20000 is as phase-change material,
Obtained thermal management materials are more stable in the environment, and overall performance is more preferably.
Example 31
Example 31 and example 1 are essentially identical, differ only in, and are first coated with step (1) in dies cavity bottom even
One layer of expanded graphite powder；Then, uniformly it is coated with the powder of the thermal management materials；Finally, one layer of expansion is uniformly coated with again
Graphite powder.Thus graphite encapsulation layer 12 is made in the upper and lower surface of thermal management materials formed body 11.
Example 32
Example 32 and example 1 are essentially identical, differ only in, in thermal management materials formed body 11 and graphite encapsulation layer 12
It is outside all to superscribe the dielectric film 13 made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 and example 1 are essentially identical, and difference is, thermal management materials used by the thermal management module of battery pack
It is different.For the thermal management materials used in the comparative example 1 for phase change composite material, specific preparation process is as follows：It it is 44 DEG C by fusing point
Paraffin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer that Vinyl Acetate Monomer unit content is 14 weight % and fusing point is 90 DEG C
Grain, as the heap density of inorganic filler it is 45kg/m3And the expanded pearlite that it is in alveolate texture inside 3.0mm that average grain diameter, which is,
Rock, the graphite as enhanced thermal conduction agent, average grain diameter be 200nm magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide compound flame retardant (wherein
Magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide account for 45 weight % and 55 weight % respectively) according to 50%, 32%, 10%, 5% and 3% ratio
Weigh.Controllable temperature heating furnace is adjusted into temperature at 48 ± 1 DEG C, paraffin is added thereto and melted for liquid, removal paraffin a to mixing
In device, added immediately into paraffin in EVA particles at room temperature, 1- is stirred with 100 revs/min of stir speed (S.S.) with agitator
2min, room temperature is cooled to, obtains the EVA particles coated by paraffin.Then, by gained coated particle and expanded perlite, graphite,
The compound flame retardant of nanometric magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide adds double screw extruder and carries out melt blending extrusion, extruder
Screw speed is 180 revs/min, and temperature control is granulated at 120 DEG C and obtains the phase change composite material particle that average grain diameter is 1mm.Inspection
The enthalpy for surveying the phase change composite material is 90J/g, and phase transition temperature is 44 DEG C, thermal conductivity 0.5W/mK.As can be seen here, according to this
The material enthalpy and thermal conductivity of thermal management module prepared by invention example 1-20 are substantially better than the phase transformation composite wood of the preparation of comparative example 1
Material.In addition, the compressive strength of thermal management materials prepared by 1-20 of the embodiment of the present invention can reach more than 1MPa, hence it is evident that better than pair
Phase change composite material prepared by ratio 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 and example 1 are essentially identical, and difference is, thermal management materials are different.The heat management material of the thermal management module
Material formed body 11 is substituted by paraffin.The enthalpy for detecting material in the thermal management module of the comparative example 2 is 230J/g, and phase transition temperature is
45 DEG C, thermal conductivity 0.2W/mK.As can be seen here, according to the material enthalpy of the example of the utility model 1-20 thermal management modules prepared
The combination property of value and thermal conductivity is better than phase change composite material prepared by comparative example 1.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of thermal management module for rectangular cell, it is characterised in that the thermal management module includes：
(1) thermal management materials formed body, it is made by thermal management materials by forming method；With
(2) it is located at the graphite encapsulation layer of the upper and lower surface of the thermal management materials formed body；The graphite encapsulation layer by
Expanded graphite is made.
2. the thermal management module according to claim 1 for rectangular cell, it is characterised in that the thermal management module
Outer surface is also covered with insulating barrier.
3. the thermal management module according to claim 2 for rectangular cell, it is characterised in that the insulating barrier be selected from by
What polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyimides, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were formed
Group.
4. the thermal management module according to claim 3 for rectangular cell, it is characterised in that the thickness of the insulating barrier
For 25~100 μm.
5. the thermal management module according to claim 1 for rectangular cell, it is characterised in that the thermal management materials into
The thickness of type body is 1~10mm.
6. the thermal management module according to claim 1 for rectangular cell, it is characterised in that the graphite encapsulation layer
Thickness is 20~100 μm.
7. a kind of battery pack, it is characterised in that including multiple rectangular cells, and be arranged between the rectangular cell such as right
It is required that the thermal management module for rectangular cell any one of 1-6.
8. battery pack according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the thickness D of the rectangular cell and thermal management module
Thickness d meets following relation：
D=D/ η；
Wherein η is coefficient, and no unit dimension, η value is 5-20.
9. battery pack according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the thermal management module is pasted onto described square in the form of sheets
Between battery.
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| CN201621354242.1U CN206878135U (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | A kind of thermal management module and battery pack for rectangular cell |
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| CN201621354242.1U CN206878135U (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | A kind of thermal management module and battery pack for rectangular cell |
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| US20210384567A1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-09 | Wisk Aero Llc | Battery with selective phase change features |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20210384567A1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-09 | Wisk Aero Llc | Battery with selective phase change features |
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