CN108193148A - A kind of preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites Download PDFInfo
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- CN108193148A CN108193148A CN201711443722.4A CN201711443722A CN108193148A CN 108193148 A CN108193148 A CN 108193148A CN 201711443722 A CN201711443722 A CN 201711443722A CN 108193148 A CN108193148 A CN 108193148A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/14—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by powder metallurgy, i.e. by processing mixtures of metal powder and fibres or filaments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/08—Deposition of black chromium, e.g. hexavalent chromium, CrVI
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/54—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, are as follows：Step 1, carbon fiber surface is pre-processed；Step 2, using galvanoplastic in carbon fiber surface metal lining copper, nickel or chromium；Step 3, weigh a certain amount of metal powder with coat metal carbon fiber in fat formula batch mixer mechanical mixture；Step 4, material step 3 mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould；Step 5, the green compact of step 4 cold moudling are subjected to hot pressed sintering in three high graphite jigs；Step 6, it will be put into solid sand-blasting machine and be surface-treated through the sintered composite material of step 5, and both obtain Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites.The preparation method of the present invention solves the problems, such as that existing fibre reinforced composites are bad since boundary moisture causes reinforced phase to be combined with matrix, the problem of fiber is caused to be extracted too early, is broken, is failed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to composite material and preparation method thereof technical fields, and in particular to a kind of carbon fiber reinforced metal base composite wood
The preparation method of material.
Background technology
Composite material is made of basis material, reinforcement and interface therebetween, and performance depends on enhancing
The performance of the ratio and three component parts of body and matrix.Composite material can play the advantages of respective composition material, group
Into it is upper mutually learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses generate synergistic effect and with new characteristic, while the property for meeting actual needs can be designed
Paid much attention to more and more by countries in the world with comprehensive performance.Metal-base composites is relative to other materials, tool
There are higher specific strength, specific stiffness, excellent electric conductivity, heat resistance, high tenacity and high impact property.It is widely used in aviation
Space flight automobile shipbuilding, builds a bridge, electric machinery, the every field such as medical treatment and sport.
The reinforcement of metal-base composites mainly has fiber, whisker and particle, and wherein fiber is because with high intensity, Gao Mo
The characteristics such as amount, high temperature resistant, resistance to environment, rub resistance, chemical-resistant resistance and as the first choice of reinforcement.Particularly carbon fiber is because of density
Small, intensity is big, electricity thermal property is excellent, usually as the primary strengthening phase of composite material.However carbon fiber and metallic matrix
Compound tense, due to the nonmetal character of carbon fiber, the wetability at interface and bonding state etc. become the development of such composite material
Bottleneck.If its mechanical-physical combination interface intensity is relatively low, bear to often result in the extraction of carbon fiber, stripping or de- during load
It falls, the performance of composite material will be largely effected on.For this purpose, being modified to carbon fiber surface, it is fine with carbon just to become regulation and control metal
Tie up the certainty of bonding state.The composite material prepared with modified carbon fiber just can overcome the disadvantages that current such material there are the problem of.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, solve existing fibre
Dimension enhancing composite material is bad since boundary moisture problem causes reinforced phase to be combined with matrix, fiber is caused to be extracted too early, is broken,
The problem of failure.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, specifically
Step is as follows：
Step 1, carbon fiber surface is pre-processed；
Step 2, metallic copper, nickel or chromium are plated in carbon fiber surface using galvanoplastic；
Step 3, the carbon fiber of a certain amount of metal powder and clad copper, the nickel or chromium machine in fat formula batch mixer is weighed
Tool mixes 30~80min；
Step 4, material step 3 mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 300
~500MPa；
Step 5, the green compact of step 4 cold moudling are subjected to hot pressed sintering in three high graphite jigs；
Step 6, it will be put into solid sand-blasting machine and be surface-treated to get carbon fibre through the sintered composite material of step 5
Dimension enhancing metal-base composites.
It is of the invention to be further characterized in that,
The process that carbon fiber surface is pre-processed in step 1 is as follows：Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace 480~500
30~60min of calcination carries out thermal debinding at DEG C, then immerses and 1h is impregnated in acetone, after washing, is placed in drying box and does for 35~45 DEG C
Dry 6~8h, then dried carbon fiber is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, it is roughened 60~90min at 90 DEG C, uses deionized water
It is washed till neutrality.
It is as follows in the detailed process of carbon fiber surface metal lining copper, nickel or chromium using galvanoplastic in step 2：By step 1
Treated carbon fiber using nickel sheet, copper sheet or lead flake as anode, is placed in electroplate liquid and is electroplated as cathode, then wash 3~
5 times, it is placed in 35~45 DEG C of dry 6~8h in drying box；It need to also be using Passivation Treatment after carbon fiber surface metal lining copper.
In step 2, for being in the electroplate liquid of carbon fiber surface metal lining copper composition：30~50g/L of copper sulphate, winestone
Sour 10~25g/L of sodium, 8~12g/L of 60~90g/L of sodium citrate and potassium nitrate, electroplating technique condition are：Electroplating temperature：
25~45 DEG C, current density：1.0~3.5A/dm2, electroplating time：20~40min.
In step 2, for being in the electroplate liquid of carbon fiber surface metal lining nickel composition：200~270g/L of nickel sulfate, chlorine
Change 60~70g/L of nickel, 0.01~0.1g/L of 32~40g/L of boric acid and lauryl sodium sulfate, electroplating technique condition is：Electricity
Plate temperature：25~40 DEG C, current density：0.1~0.5A/dm2, electroplating time：4~20min.
In step 2, for being in the electroplate liquid of carbon fiber surface metal lining chromium composition：230~250g/L of chromic anhydride, dense sulphur
Acid 5~10g/L of 1.25~5mL/L and boric acid, electroplating technique condition are：Electroplating temperature：40~60 DEG C, electroplating time：10
~30min, current density：24~30A/dm2。
In step 3, the volume of the carbon fiber of clad copper, nickel or chromium accounts for the 1%~50% of mixed material total volume.
Metal powder in step 3 is copper powder, iron powder, aluminium powder or tungsten powder.
In step 5, hot pressed sintering process is：The 0.7 of melting point metal is slowly heated in high-temperature atmosphere protects hot pressing furnace
~0.8 times while the 20~30MPa of pressing pressure that pressurizes, furnace cooling after 60~90min is stopped, protective atmosphere used is argon gas
Or nitrogen, gas flow are 1~2L/h.
In step 6, sand grains grain size about 0.1~0.5mm used, impact velocity is 1~3m/s.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) hot pressed sintering is remixed by coating metal in advance in carbon fiber surface, the composite material can be greatly improved
Mechanical performance and physical property；
(2) method that the present invention prepares Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, it is easy to operate, less energy consumption, at low cost, raw
Produce it is efficient, be easy to industrialized production.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the SEM of the electro-coppering carbon fiber prepared using the method for the present invention is schemed；
Fig. 2 is that the SEM of the electronickelling carbon fiber prepared using the method for the present invention is schemed；
Fig. 3 is that the SEM of the electrodeposited chromium carbon fiber prepared using the method for the present invention is schemed；
Fig. 4 is that the volume fraction that the method for the present invention is used to prepare is low for 3% plating chromium properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite
Times tissue topography figure；
Fig. 5 is that the volume fraction that the method for the present invention is used to prepare is low for 10% plating chromium properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite
Times tissue topography figure；
Fig. 6 is that the volume fraction that the method for the present invention is used to prepare is low for 15% plating chromium properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite
Times tissue topography figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites of the present invention, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace 30~60min of calcination progress thermal debinding at 480 DEG C~500 DEG C and (purchases carbon fibre
Dimension is different, and surface organic gel ingredient is different, therefore calcination temperature, calcination time be regarding specific carbon fiber depending on, such as TC-35 of commercialization
Calcination 60min can complete thermal debinding at 480 DEG C of type carbon fiber), then immerse in acetone impregnate 1h make coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber
Surface after washing repeatedly, is placed in drying box 35~45 DEG C of dryings 6~8 hours.Dried carbon fiber is placed in 68wt% again
In concentrated nitric acid, it is roughened 60~90min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, metallic copper, nickel or chromium are plated in carbon fiber surface using galvanoplastic
By step 1, treated that carbon fiber makees cathode, and nickel sheet, copper sheet or lead flake make anode, be placed in electroplate liquid and be electroplated.Again
With deionized water washing repeatedly be placed on 35~45 DEG C of dry 6~8h in drying box, for use.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in
Table 1.It is worth mentioning that copper is oxidizable, needs to be passivated processing in time after the completion of electro-coppering and (put the carbon fiber of plated copper
15min is passivated in 15% disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid solution), then wash, dry.
1 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, dispensing
Metal-powder of the grain size for 60~80 microns (200 mesh) left and right is calculated into metal according to the ratio of made composite material
(computational methods are volume of part G reasons to carbon fiber (metal layer of cladding can be neglected) respective amount of powder and cladding metal
The ratio added by density G).By percent by volume, the density G metal-powders addition of theoretical density=metal of composite material
The volume ratio of the carbon fiber addition of the density G cladding metals of the carbon fiber of volume ratio+cladding metal.Common metal matrix is
Copper, with coated copper or the carbon fiber of nickel；Metallic matrix is iron or tungsten, it is proposed that with the carbon fiber of cladding nickel.
Step 4, it mixes
The carbon fiber of metal powder that step 3 is calculated and cladding metal in fat formula batch mixer mechanical mixture 30~
80min.The alcohol of 10~20mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerate mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust.Clad copper, nickel or chromium
The volume of carbon fiber account for the 1%~50% of mixed material total volume.
Step 5, it is molded
Size and specific component requirements according to processing part, weigh the material that step 4 mixes a certain amount of
(amount weighed depends on the ingredient of composite material and the size of green compact, and general algorithmic method is the body of quality=green compact weighed
The density of the product G ingredient composite materials) it is cold-pressed in steel compression mould (determining the size and shape of part, designed in advance)
Molding, selected pressing pressure are 300~500MPa.
Step 6, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 5 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then slow heating (heating rate is 200~300 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace is placed on to be warming up to
Sintering temperature (0.7~0.8 times that generally takes melting point metal) while the 20~30MPa of pressing pressure that pressurizes, at high temperature stop 60~
Furnace cooling after 90min.Protective atmosphere used is argon gas or nitrogen, and gas flow is 1~2L/h.
Step 7, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 6 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.1~0.5mm, impact velocity are 1~3m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, are improved simultaneously
The stress state on surface.
Carbon fiber surface metallic copper particle is more uniform as seen from Figure 1, coating covering is complete, but particle is larger；
The metal nickel layer particle of carbon fiber surface is small as seen from Figure 2, and coating is uniform, but coating surface has a small amount of micropore；
Carbon fiber surface crome metal particle is fine and close as seen from Figure 3, uniform but relative chemical chromium plating particle is larger；
It can be seen that fibre reinforced prepared by the chromium plating carbon fiber that volume fraction is 3%, 10%, 15% from Fig. 4~6
Carbon fiber is uniformly distributed in the base in Cu-base composites, no segregation phenomenon, is caused in material without apparent hole, matrix
It is close.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 60min at 480 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 35 DEG C of dryings 8 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 60min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic metallic copper is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure copper sheet is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 35 DEG C of dry 8h in drying box, for use for 3 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
2.It is worth mentioning that copper is oxidizable, needs to be passivated processing in time after the completion of electro-coppering and (be placed in the carbon fiber of plated copper
15min is passivated in 15% disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid solution), then wash, dry.
2 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
It is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer for the carbon fiber of 60 Micron Copper Powders and clad copper to weigh a certain amount of grain size
30min is mixed, the alcohol of 10mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, copper powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to copper is：85:15
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 300MPa.
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 200 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.7 times that takes metallic copper fusing point) while the pressing pressure 20MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 60min at high temperature.It is used
Protective atmosphere for argon gas or nitrogen, gas flow is 1L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.1mm, impact velocity 1m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve answering for surface
Power state.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 30min at 500 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 45 DEG C of dryings 6 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 90min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic metallic copper is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure copper sheet is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 45 DEG C of dry 8h in drying box, for use for 5 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
3.It is worth mentioning that copper is oxidizable, needs to be passivated processing in time after the completion of electro-coppering and (be placed in the carbon fiber of plated copper
15min is passivated in 15% disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid solution), then wash, dry.
3 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
It is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer for the carbon fiber of 80 Micron Copper Powders and clad copper to weigh a certain amount of grain size
80min is mixed, the alcohol of 20mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, copper powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to copper is：99:1
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 500MPa.
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 300 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.8 times that takes metallic copper fusing point) while the pressing pressure 30MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 90min at high temperature.It is used
Protective atmosphere for argon gas, gas flow is 2L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.5mm, impact velocity 3m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve answering for surface
Power state.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 40min at 490 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 40 DEG C of dryings 7 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 65min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic metallic copper is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure copper sheet is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 40 DEG C of dry 7h in drying box, for use for 4 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
4.It is worth mentioning that copper is oxidizable, needs to be passivated processing in time after the completion of electro-coppering and (be placed in the carbon fiber of plated copper
15min is passivated in 15% disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid solution), then wash, dry.
4 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
It is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer for the carbon fiber of 70 Micron Copper Powders and clad copper to weigh a certain amount of grain size
70min is mixed, the alcohol of 15mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, copper powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to copper is：95:5
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 400MPa.
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 250 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.75 times that takes metallic copper fusing point) while the pressing pressure 25MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 80min at high temperature.It is used
Protective atmosphere for argon gas or nitrogen, gas flow is 1.5L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.4mm, impact velocity 2.5m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve surface
Stress state.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced iron base composite material, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 30min at 500 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 45 DEG C of dryings 6 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 90min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, carbon fiber surface metal lining nickel
It carbon fiber will be placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode as cathode, 99.99% pure nickel piece after step 1 is handled
Plating, washing, drying.The plating solution composition and parameter of electronickelling are as shown in table 5.
The plating solution composition and parameter of 5 electronickelling of table
Step 3, it mixes
The carbon fiber that a certain amount of grain size is weighed as 60 microns of iron powders and cladding metallic nickel is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer
30min is mixed, the alcohol of 10mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, iron powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to nickel is：50：50
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 300Mpa.
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 250 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.75 times that takes iron fusing point) while the pressing pressure 25MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 80min at high temperature.Guarantor used
Shield atmosphere is argon gas, and gas flow is 1.5L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.4mm, impact velocity 2.5m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve surface
Stress state.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced tungsten-based composite material, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 60min at 480 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 35 DEG C of dryings 8 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 60min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic metallic nickel is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure nickel piece is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 35 DEG C of dry 8h in drying box, for use for 3 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
6。
6 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
The carbon fiber that a certain amount of grain size is weighed as 70 microns of tungsten powders and cladding metallic nickel is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer
50min is mixed, the alcohol of 15mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, tungsten powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to nickel is：75:25
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 400MPa.
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 300 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.8 times that takes tungsten fusing point) while the pressing pressure 20MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 90min at high temperature.Guarantor used
Shield atmosphere is argon gas, and gas flow is 1L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.1mm, impact velocity 1m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve answering for surface
Power state.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 40min at 490 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 40 DEG C of dryings 7 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 65min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic metallic nickel is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure nickel piece is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 45 DEG C of dry 8h in drying box, for use for 5 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
7。
7 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
The carbon fiber that a certain amount of grain size is weighed as 80 Micron Copper Powders and cladding metallic nickel is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer
80min is mixed, the alcohol of 20mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, copper powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to nickel is：97:3
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 500MPa.
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 200 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.7 times that takes copper fusing point) while the pressing pressure 30MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 60min at high temperature.Guarantor used
It is argon gas or nitrogen to protect atmosphere, and gas flow is 2L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.5mm, impact velocity 3m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve answering for surface
Power state.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 30min at 500 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 45 DEG C of dryings 6 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 90min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic crome metal is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure lead flake is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 35 DEG C of dry 8h in drying box, for use for 3 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in, table
8。
8 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
The carbon fiber that a certain amount of grain size is weighed as 60 microns of aluminium powders and cladding crome metal is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer
30min is mixed, the alcohol of 10mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, aluminium powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to chromium is：90:10
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 300MPa；
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 200 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.7 times that takes aluminium fusing point) while the pressing pressure 20MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 60min at high temperature.Guarantor used
It is argon gas or nitrogen to protect atmosphere, and gas flow is 1L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.1mm, impact velocity 1m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve answering for surface
Power state.
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 60min at 480 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 35 DEG C of dryings 8 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 70min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic crome metal is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure lead flake is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.Again with deionized water washing repeatedly be placed on 45 DEG C of dry 8h in drying box, for use.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
9。
9 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
The carbon fiber that a certain amount of grain size is weighed as 80 microns of aluminium powders and cladding crome metal is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer
80min is mixed, the alcohol of 20mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, aluminium powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to chromium is：80:20
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 500MPa；
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 300 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.8 times that takes aluminium fusing point) while the pressing pressure 30MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 90min at high temperature.Guarantor used
It is argon gas or nitrogen to protect atmosphere, and gas flow is 2L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.5mm, impact velocity 3m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve answering for surface
Power state.
Embodiment 9
A kind of preparation method of properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper composite, is as follows：
Step 1, the surface preparation of carbon fiber
Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 50min at 490 DEG C and carries out thermal debinding, then immerses immersion 1h in acetone to make
Coke dissolving, cleaning carbon fiber surface after washing repeatedly, are placed in drying box 40 DEG C of dryings 7 hours.Again by dried carbon fibre
Dimension is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 65min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
Step 2, using galvanoplastic crome metal is plated in carbon fiber surface
Using step 1 treated carbon fiber as cathode, 99.99% pure lead flake is placed in electroplate liquid electric as anode
Plating.It is washed again with deionized water and is placed on 40 DEG C of dry 7h in drying box, for use for 4 times.Electroplate liquid forms and technological parameter is shown in Table
10。
10 electroplate liquid of table forms and technological parameter
Step 3, it mixes
The carbon fiber that a certain amount of grain size is weighed as 70 Micron Copper Powders and cladding crome metal is mechanical in fat formula batch mixer
70min is mixed, the alcohol of 15mL/kg is added in mixing, accelerates mixing efficiency and avoids airborne dust；Wherein, copper powder and cladding gold
The volume ratio of carbon fiber for belonging to chromium is:82:18
Step 4, it is molded
The material that step 3 is mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, and selected pressing pressure is 400MPa；
Step 5, hot pressed sintering
The green compact of step 4 cold moudling are mounted in three high graphite (high-strength, highly dense, high to lead) mold (size shape and steel pressures
Mould is similar) in.Then it is placed on slow heating (heating rate is 250 DEG C/h) in high-temperature atmosphere protection hot pressing furnace and is warming up to sintering temperature
(0.75 times that takes copper fusing point) while the pressing pressure 25MPa that pressurizes are spent, stops furnace cooling after 80min at high temperature.Guarantor used
It is argon gas or nitrogen to protect atmosphere, and gas flow is 1.5L/h.
Step 6, it post-processes
The Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites that step 5 is sintered are put into solid sand-blasting machine and are surface-treated, institute
Sand grains grain size about 0.4mm, impact velocity 2.5m/s.Some attachments of surface attachment are removed, while improve surface
Stress state.
Advantages of the present invention is：
(1) hot pressed sintering is remixed by coating metal in advance in carbon fiber surface, the composite material can be greatly improved
Mechanical performance and physical property；
(2) method that the present invention prepares Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, it is easy to operate, less energy consumption, at low cost, raw
Produce it is efficient, be easy to industrialized production.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites, which is characterized in that be as follows：
Step 1, carbon fiber surface is pre-processed；
Step 2, metallic copper, nickel or chromium are plated in carbon fiber surface using galvanoplastic；
Step 3, weighing a certain amount of metal powder, the machinery in fat formula batch mixer is mixed with the carbon fiber of clad copper, nickel or chromium
Close 30~80min；
Step 4, material step 3 mixed is mounted in cold moudling in steel compression mould, selected pressing pressure for 300~
500MPa；
Step 5, the green compact of step 4 cold moudling are subjected to hot pressed sintering in three high graphite jigs；
Step 6, it will be put into solid sand-blasting machine to be surface-treated through the sintered composite material of step 5 and increase to get carbon fiber
Strong metal based composites.
A kind of 2. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
The process that carbon fiber surface is pre-processed in rapid 1 is as follows：Carbon fiber is placed in heating furnace the calcination 30 at 480~500 DEG C
~60min carries out thermal debinding, then immerses and 1h is impregnated in acetone, after washing, is placed in 35~45 DEG C of dry 6~8h in drying box, then
Dried carbon fiber is placed in 68wt% concentrated nitric acids, is roughened 60~90min at 90 DEG C, is washed with deionized water to neutrality.
A kind of 3. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
It is as follows in the detailed process of carbon fiber surface metal lining copper, nickel or chromium using galvanoplastic in rapid 2：By step 1 treated carbon
Fiber, using nickel sheet, copper sheet or lead flake as anode, is placed in electroplate liquid and is electroplated, then wash 3~5 times, be placed in dry as cathode
35~45 DEG C of dry 6~8h in dry case；It need to also be using Passivation Treatment after carbon fiber surface metal lining copper.
A kind of 4. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 2, for being in the electroplate liquid of carbon fiber surface metal lining copper composition：30~50g/L of copper sulphate, sodium tartrate 10~
8~12g/L of 25g/L, 60~90g/L of sodium citrate and potassium nitrate, electroplating technique condition are：Electroplating temperature：25~45 DEG C,
Current density：1.0~3.5A/dm2, electroplating time：20~40min.
A kind of 5. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 2, for being in the electroplate liquid of carbon fiber surface metal lining nickel composition：200~270g/L of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride 60~
0.01~0.1g/L of 70g/L, 32~40g/L of boric acid and lauryl sodium sulfate, electroplating technique condition are：Electroplating temperature：
25~40 DEG C, current density：0.1~0.5A/dm2, electroplating time：4~20min.
A kind of 6. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 2, for being in the electroplate liquid of carbon fiber surface metal lining chromium composition：230~250g/L of chromic anhydride, the concentrated sulfuric acid 1.25~
5~10g/L of 5mL/L and boric acid, electroplating technique condition are：Electroplating temperature：40~60 DEG C, electroplating time：10~30min,
Current density：24~30A/dm2。
A kind of 7. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 3, the volume of the carbon fiber of clad copper, nickel or chromium accounts for the 1%~50% of mixed material total volume.
A kind of 8. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
Metal powder in rapid 3 is copper powder, iron powder, aluminium powder or tungsten powder.
A kind of 9. preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
In rapid 5, hot pressed sintering process is：Be slowly heated in high-temperature atmosphere protects hot pressing furnace 0.7~0.8 times of melting point metal, it is same
When pressurize 20~30MPa of pressing pressure, stop 60~90min after furnace cooling, protective atmosphere used be argon gas or nitrogen, gas
Flow is 1~2L/h.
10. a kind of preparation method of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step 6, sand grains grain size about 0.1~0.5mm used, impact velocity is 1~3m/s.
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| CN112553547A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳市博迪科技开发有限公司 | Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity metal-based carbon fiber heating body material |
| CN112553547B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-01-18 | 深圳市天士力神通本草技术开发有限公司 | Preparation method of high-thermal-conductivity metal-based carbon fiber heating body material |
| CN112779481A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-05-11 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite material by solvent dispersion freeze drying |
| CN113909605A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-11 | 北京嘉洁能科技股份有限公司 | Carbon fiber wire and metal wire connecting joint and connecting method thereof |
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