CN102952962B

CN102952962B - Cu-Fe composite material and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN102952962B
Application number: CN201210366802.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚再起; 李志华; 王春斌; 李莉; 刘强; 马芳武; 赵福全
Original assignee: Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd; Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd; Zhejiang Geely Automobile Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-02-10
Filing date: 2012-09-28
Publication date: 2014-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-28
Also published as: CN102952962A

Abstract

The invention relates to a Cu-Fe composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-15% of iron, 0.1-0.4% of zirconium, 0.5-5% of chromium carbide, 0.5-3% of cerium dioxide, 0.1-1.5% of aluminium and the balance of copper and impurities. The composite material is formed by smelting each component and carrying out mechanical treatment including ingot casting and drawing and corresponding thermal treatment. According to the preparation method of the Cu-Fe composite material provided by the invention, zirconium is added when iron is added into copper base for reinforcing, and a formed dispersion strengthening phase ensures overall strength and electrical conductivity of the composite material and further reduces the cost. The composite material provided by the invention can be taken as high-strength and high conductivity material to be applied to various electric conduction fields.

Description

Cu-Fe matrix material and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of composite materials, be specifically related to a kind of Cu-Fe matrix material and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Copper is one of most widely used metal, and especially most widely used general as electro-conductive material, because the intensity of copper is very low, in use need to occur with the form of alloy.The intensity of electro-conductive material is in improving, and often electroconductibility can reduce.For copper is gained in strength electroconductibility is not affected simultaneously, by add alloyed metal in copper base, prepare composite fiber-reinforced copper alloy through certain technique, can reach novel high-strength highly-conductive material.The height of the premium properties of having developed is at present led material Cu-Ag etc., but expensive due to precious metal, and resource scarcity, the application of these materials is restricted.Can effectively improve the intensity of copper by add cheap iron in copper base, but reach a certain amount of excellent intensity that just can obtain at the addition of iron, meanwhile, the electroconductibility of copper has been subjected to impact, and Cu-Fe material how to prepare high-strength highly-conductive in the electroconductibility of not damaging copper becomes a current difficult problem.

Publication number is CN 1687479A, open day is on October 26th, 2005, name is called the patent of " high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Fe-Ag nanometer was the preparation method of matrix material originally ", matrix material and the preparation method of a kind of high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Fe-Ag are disclosed, although reaching effective height, this material leads high-strength performance, but owing to being subject to, Ag is expensive, the impact of shortage of resources, and its application will inevitably be restricted.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Cu-Fe alloy material of high-strength highly-conductive with low cost, affect the problem of its development to solve current copper conductive material owing to being subject to the restriction of precious metal.Cu-Fe matrix material of the present invention has that intensity is high, good conductivity and the relatively cheap advantage of cost, thereby can better expand the application of copper, the premium properties of performance copper.

The present invention carries out by following scheme:

A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material, is prepared from by each component of following weight percentage meter: 6 ~ 15% iron, and 0.1 ~ 0.4% zirconium, 0.5 ~ 5% chromium carbide, 0.05 ~ 0.3% cerium dioxide, 0.1 ~ 1.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.After iron adds in copper, can effectively increase the intensity of copper, but the electric conductivity of copper-iron alloy can reduce.Adding of zirconium can make zirconium in copper-iron alloy, generate zirconium white, and zirconium white distributes in interface disperse, reaches the effect of dispersion-strengthened.Chromium carbide be added in the wear resisting property that has improved to a certain extent alloy.Adding of cerium dioxide can be put forward heavy alloyed erosion resistance, also can put forward heavy alloyed hardness and intensity simultaneously.Aluminium can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of copper, and the aluminum oxide that aluminium generates has also played the effect of dispersion-strengthened.

As preferred version, the weight percentage of iron is 7 ~ 10%.The iron level of this scope, can balance strength and specific conductivity, thereby reaches producing effect most of alloy.

As preferred version, the median size of cerium dioxide is 20 ~ 50nm.Cerium dioxide particle diameter, after nano level, can increase specific surface area, it is well dispersed in copper base, thereby better plays a role.

As preferred version, the median size of chromium carbide is 20 ~ 50nm.Chromium carbide particle diameter, after nano level, can increase specific surface area, it is well dispersed in copper base, thereby better plays a role.

A method of preparing Cu-Fe matrix material, comprises the following steps:

(1) melting: be fusing at 1400 ~ 1600 DEG C by copper, iron in nitrogen pressure 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, temperature, and stir, obtain copper fusant; Be that 0.005 ~ 0.01MPa, temperature are fusing at 1500 ~ 1700 DEG C by zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with copper fusant, stir, adopt water-cooled to pour into ingot casting;

(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated in hydrogen atmosphere process furnace to 900 ~ 1000 DEG C of insulation 1 ~ 2h after annealings;

(3) drawing, thermal treatment: by the at room temperature repeatedly drawing of step (2) hot-roll annealing ingot casting after treatment, after each drawing, in the hydrogen atmosphere of 350 ~ 400 DEG C, be incubated 2 ~ 4h, total deflection η >=10 of last ingot casting.

Can play the deformability that suppresses work hardening, increase material to the hot-roll annealing processing of ingot casting, promote to be solid-solubilized in separating out of Fe in Cu, reduce the super saturated solid solution degree of Fe in Cu, thereby improve monolithic conductive performance.Drawing can improve the mechanical properties such as yield strength.

As preferred version, in drawing process, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 20 ~ 30%.

As preferred version, hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated heating rate are 15 ~ 40 DEG C/min.

As preferred version, hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated rate of temperature fall are 20 ~ 50 DEG C/min.

Owing to adopting technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this Cu-Fe matrix material has that intensity is high, good conductivity and the relatively cheap effect of cost, can break away to a certain extent the limitation of the restriction of the precious metal that current high-strength highly-conductive copper base alloy is subject to.

Embodiment

embodiment 1

A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,

First carry out starting material preparation according to each component of following weight percentage meter, amount to 500kg:6% iron, 0.3% zirconium, 5% chromium carbide, 0.05% cerium dioxide, 0.8% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 20nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 50nm.

Then be prepared according to following steps:

(1) melting: be fusing at 1500 DEG C by copper, iron in nitrogen pressure 0.005MPa, temperature, and stir, obtain copper fusant; Be that 0.01MPa, temperature are fusing at 1500 DEG C by zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with copper fusant, stir, adopt water-cooled to pour into ingot casting;

(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated in hydrogen atmosphere process furnace to 950 DEG C of insulation 2h after annealings, heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 30 DEG C/min;

(3) drawing, thermal treatment: by room temperature 5 drawings of step (2) hot-roll annealing ingot casting after treatment, after each drawing, in the hydrogen atmosphere of 350 DEG C, be incubated 3h, total deflection η >=10 of last ingot casting, in drawing process, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 230%, heating rate is 15 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 40 DEG C/min.

Finally obtain Cu-Fe matrix material.

embodiment 2

A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,

First carry out starting material preparation according to each component of following weight percentage meter, amount to 500kg:10% iron, 0.4% zirconium, 0.5% chromium carbide, 0.1% cerium dioxide, 1.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 30nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 20nm.

Then be prepared according to following steps:

(1) melting: be fusing at 1600 DEG C by copper, iron in nitrogen pressure 0.008MPa, temperature, and stir, obtain copper fusant; Be that 0.005MPa, temperature are fusing at 1600 DEG C by zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with copper fusant, stir, adopt water-cooled to pour into ingot casting;

(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated in hydrogen atmosphere process furnace to 1000 DEG C of insulation 1h after annealings, heating rate is 30 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 50 DEG C/min;

(3) drawing, thermal treatment: by room temperature 3 drawings of step (2) hot-roll annealing ingot casting after treatment, after each drawing, in the hydrogen atmosphere of 380 DEG C, be incubated 4h, total deflection η >=10 of last ingot casting, in drawing process, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 20%, heating rate is 20 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 50 DEG C/min.

Finally obtain Cu-Fe matrix material.

embodiment 3

A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,

First carry out starting material preparation according to each component of following weight percentage meter, amount to 500kg:15% iron, 0.1% zirconium, 2% chromium carbide, 0.3% cerium dioxide, 0.1% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 50nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 50nm.

Then be prepared according to following steps:

(1) melting: be fusing at 1400 DEG C by copper, iron in nitrogen pressure 0.01MPa, temperature, and stir, obtain copper fusant; Be that 0.007MPa, temperature are fusing at 1700 DEG C by zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with copper fusant, stir, adopt water-cooled to pour into ingot casting;

(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated in hydrogen atmosphere process furnace to 900 DEG C of insulation 1.5h after annealings, heating rate is 40 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 20 DEG C/min;

(3) drawing, thermal treatment: by room temperature 4 drawings of step (2) hot-roll annealing ingot casting after treatment, after each drawing, in the hydrogen atmosphere of 400 DEG C, be incubated 2h, total deflection η >=10 of last ingot casting, in drawing process, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 25%, heating rate is 40 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 20 DEG C/min.

Finally obtain Cu-Fe matrix material.

embodiment 4

A kind of Cu-Fe matrix material,

First carry out starting material preparation according to each component of following weight percentage meter, amount to 500kg:7% iron, 0.2% zirconium, 1% chromium carbide, 0.2% cerium dioxide, 0.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity.Wherein the median size of cerium dioxide is 20nm, and the median size of chromium carbide is 20nm.

Then be prepared according to following steps:

(1) melting: be fusing at 1400 DEG C by copper, iron in nitrogen pressure 0.01MPa, temperature, and stir, obtain copper fusant; Be that 0.01MPa, temperature are fusing at 1600 DEG C by zirconium, chromium carbide, cerium dioxide and aluminium at argon pressure, and mix with copper fusant, stir, adopt water-cooled to pour into ingot casting;

(2) hot-roll annealing: ingot casting is heated in hydrogen atmosphere process furnace to 900 DEG C of insulation 2h after annealings, heating rate is 25 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 35 DEG C/min;

(3) drawing, thermal treatment: by room temperature 5 drawings of step (2) hot-roll annealing ingot casting after treatment, after each drawing, in the hydrogen atmosphere of 400 DEG C, be incubated 3h, total deflection η >=10 of last ingot casting, in drawing process, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 25%, heating rate is 20 DEG C/min, and rate of temperature fall is 50 DEG C/min.

Finally obtain Cu-Fe matrix material.

Tensile strength and the specific conductivity of the Cu-Fe matrix material that above embodiment is obtained are tested, and test result is in table 1.

?	Embodiment 1	Embodiment 2	Embodiment 3	Embodiment 4
					Tensile strength (MPa)	1453	1397	1534	1462
Specific conductivity (%IACS)	71	75	76	74

Can find out by upper table, Cu-Fe matrix material prepared by various embodiments of the present invention not only has very high intensity, and there is good conductivity, break to a certain extent the limitation of the restriction of the precious metal that current high-strength highly-conductive copper base alloy is subject to.

Claims

1. a Cu-Fe matrix material, is characterized in that, described Cu-Fe matrix material is prepared from by each component of following weight percentage meter: 7 ~ 10% iron, 0.1 ~ 0.4% zirconium, 0.5 ~ 5% chromium carbide, 0.05 ~ 0.3% cerium dioxide, 0.1 ~ 1.5% aluminium, surplus is copper and impurity; The median size of cerium dioxide is 20 ~ 50nm; The median size of chromium carbide is 20 ~ 50nm.

2. a method of preparing Cu-Fe matrix material claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:

(2) hot-roll annealing: the ingot casting that step (1) is obtained is heated to 900 ~ 1000 DEG C of insulation 1 ~ 2h after annealings in hydrogen atmosphere process furnace;

(3) drawing, thermal treatment: step (2) hot-roll annealing ingot casting after treatment is at room temperature carried out to repeatedly drawing, after each drawing, in the hydrogen atmosphere of 350 ~ 400 DEG C, be incubated 2 ~ 4h, total deflection η >=10 of last ingot casting.

3. the preparation method of Cu-Fe matrix material according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in drawing process, the decrease of the distortion of each drawing is 20 ~ 30%.

4. according to the preparation method of the Cu-Fe matrix material described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated heating rate are 15 ~ 40 DEG C/min.

5. according to the preparation method of the Cu-Fe matrix material described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, hot-roll annealing and drawing, heat treated rate of temperature fall are 20 ~ 50 DEG C/min.