CN108193077B - Cu-Fe-C alloy - Google Patents
Cu-Fe-C alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108193077B CN108193077B CN201810259093.8A CN201810259093A CN108193077B CN 108193077 B CN108193077 B CN 108193077B CN 201810259093 A CN201810259093 A CN 201810259093A CN 108193077 B CN108193077 B CN 108193077B
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910017112 Fe—C Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017827 Cu—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Cu-Fe-C alloy, be prepared by the following steps: (1) prepare raw material: the raw material includes pure Cu powder and Fe-C prealloy powder, (2) ball milling mixing: abrading-ball is added and carries out mixed powder, obtain composite powder, (3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in the step (2) is put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature is 800~1000 DEG C, sintering pressure is 45~55MPa, sintering time is 30min~45min, obtains Cu-Fe-C alloy.The conductivity and tensile strength of Cu-Fe alloy can be improved in the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite materials to lead field, in particular to a kind of Cu-Fe-C alloy.
Background technique
Compared with the copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity of other systems, the fusing point of alloying element Fe is relatively low in Cu-Fe system, is easier to
Melting, and non-miscible gap of Fe and Cu is small, the deformability of alloy is preferable, and machinability is preferable, so closing about Cu-Fe system
The research of gold receives attention, becomes one of the important directions of copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity development.
Currently, high-strength highly-conductive Cu-Fe system alloy mainly utilizes fusion casting to prepare just alloy, then first alloy is carried out subsequent
The processing such as heat treatment, deformation, obtain the Cu-Fe system alloy of final use state.When founding prepares just alloy, due to solidification
Cooling velocity is very fast, it is easy to cause to be dissolved a large amount of Fe element in Cu matrix, the serious electric conductivity for reducing Cu-Fe alloy.Though
So oversaturated Fe is constantly precipitated during subsequent heat treatment, thermomechanical treatment etc., but under low temperature Fe diffusion velocity it is very slow,
It is difficult the Fe that will be dissolved in Cu to be precipitated completely, and solid solution of the Fe in Cu is to reduce the main influence factor of Cu-Fe alloy.Institute
With the electric conductivity in order to improve Cu-Fe alloy, need to reduce solid solution capacity of the Fe in Cu.
In the prior art frequently with the methods of deformation, heat treatment, high-intensity magnetic field, multi-element alloyed, but cannot all solve well
Certainly this problem.Such as: Ag is considered as that damage Cu alloy conductive acts on the smallest element, but utilizes Ag to Cu-Fe alloy
The Cu-Fe-Ag alloy of alloying preparation is carried out, but is still dissolved 2.5% or more Fe in its as cast condition Cu matrix；And Ag also drops
The low stability of Fe phase fiber, causes Fe phase to be roughened at 350 DEG C or more, and reduction limits the use temperature range of alloy；And
And use Ag alloying higher cost.The Fe being dissolved in Cu can not be equally reduced to very low state by other methods.
In order to more effectively reduce the Fe being dissolved in Cu, it is necessary to provide a kind of Fe-Cu-C alloy.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Cu-Fe-C alloys, can efficiently reduce the Fe being dissolved in Cu-, improve
The electric conductivity of Cu-Fe alloy, also improves the stability of Fe phase fiber, Fe phase will not be caused to be roughened at 350 DEG C or more, mentioned
The high use temperature range of alloy, and reduce the preparation cost of alloy.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of Cu-Fe-C alloy, Cu-Fe-C alloy are prepared by the following steps:
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes pure Cu powder and Fe-C prealloy powder,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 800~1000 DEG C of (such as 820 DEG C, 830 DEG C, 840 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 860 DEG C, 870 DEG C, 880 DEG C, 890 DEG C, 900 DEG C, 910
DEG C, 920 DEG C, 930 DEG C, 940 DEG C, 950 DEG C, 960 DEG C, 970 DEG C, 980 DEG C, 990 DEG C), sintering pressure be 45~55MPa (such as
46MPa, 47MPa, 48MPa, 49MPa, 50MPa, 51MPa, 52MPa, 53MPa, 54MPa), sintering time is 30min~45min
(such as 31min, 32min, 33min, 34min, 35min, 36min, 37min, 38min, 39min, 40min, 41min, 42min,
43min, 44min),
Obtain the Cu-Fe-C alloy of Fe-C even particle distribution.
It is a kind of novel high-strength highly-conductive Cu alloy by Cu-Fe-C alloy prepared by above-mentioned steps, C is utilized and Cu exists
Mutually exclusive effect in Fe-Cu-C ternary system, therefore C is added, and into Cu in order to give full play to this effect of C,
Cu-Fe-C alloy is prepared using Cu powder, Fe-C prealloy powder hot pressed sintering.The tensile strength of Cu-Fe-C alloy obtained is 560
~640MPa, conductivity are 54~62%IACS.
In alloy of the invention, the partial size of pure Cu powder is 10~50 μm as a preferred implementation manner,.Pure Cu powder
When partial size is 10~50 μm, Fe-C particle can be more evenly distributed in Cu matrix.The size of Fe-C prealloy powder be 50~
120nm (such as 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, 50nm~70nm, 60~80nm, 70~80nm, 80~100nm,
100~120nm).The Fe-C alloyed powder is commercial product, naturally it is also possible to conventionally prepares, it can be by true
Empty atomizing furnace preparation, will be atomized into powder particle after the pure iron as raw material of required proportion and carburant melting, then passes through high energy again
Ball milling is prepared into the Fe-C alloyed powder of required granularity.Fe-C alloyed powder particle size used in the present invention is 50~120nm,
Fe-C alloy powder particles it is oversized, will lead to disperse so that cause precipitation strength effect reduction；Fe-C alloy powder particles
It is undersized, it is easy to be dissolved in Fe in Cu, electric conductivity is deteriorated, but also is easy to happen reunion.
Further, the size of Fe-C prealloy powder is 60~80nm.In the reasonable scope, the size of Fe-C prealloy powder
Smaller, dispersion-strengthened action is bigger, but its surface can be bigger simultaneously, easier to dissolve into Cu matrix.
In alloy of the invention, raw material includes pure Cu powder and Fe-C prealloy powder, institute as a preferred implementation manner,
The 85-90wt% (such as 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%) that pure Cu powder accounts for the raw material is stated, the Fe-C prealloy powder accounts for described
The 10-15wt% of raw material such as 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%).
In alloy of the invention, the C in the Fe-C prealloy powder accounts for the pre- conjunction as a preferred implementation manner,
Bronze 0.8-1.8wt% (such as: 0.9wt%, 1.0wt%, 1.1wt%, 1.2wt%, 1.3wt%, 1.4wt%,
1.5wt%, 1.6wt%, 1.7wt%).
In alloy of the invention, C content is too low have been will lead to more Fe and has dissolved in Cu, not to the electric conductivity of alloy
Benefit, C content is excessively high to will form graphite or Fe3C。
It as a preferred implementation manner, further include alloy post-processing step in the step of preparing alloy of the present invention, it will
The Cu-Fe-C system alloy that (3) the hot pressed sintering step obtains is post-processed, and Cu-Fe-C system alloy finished product is obtained.More preferably
Ground, the post-processing are one of heat treatment, deformation process, magnetic field processing or a variety of；The post-processing is conventional treatment.
Analysis is it is found that a kind of Cu-Fe-C alloy disclosed by the invention, mainly realizes following technical effect: utilizing C and Cu
Mutually exclusive effect in Fe-Cu-C ternary system, therefore C is added, and into Cu in order to give full play to this work of C
With, using Cu powder, Fe-C prealloy powder hot pressed sintering prepare Cu-Fe-C alloy, have developed novel high-strength highly-conductive Cu alloy.
Diffusion of the Fe into Cu matrix is controlled, the solid solution capacity of Fe in Cu matrix is greatly reduced.The method of the present invention can be improved
The tensile strength of the conductivity and tensile strength of Cu-Fe alloy, obtained alloy is greater than 560MPa, conductivity 54-62%
IACS。
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.The mode of the explanation of each example through the invention provide and
The unrestricted present invention.In fact, those skilled in the art will be clear that, the case where not departing from the scope or spirit of the invention
Under, it can modify in the present invention and modification.For example, being illustrated or described as the feature of a part of one embodiment can be used for
Another embodiment, to generate another embodiment.Thus, it may be desirable to the present invention include be included into appended claims and
Such modifications and variations in the range of its equivalent.
Embodiment 1
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes 10~50 μm of pure Cu powder and Fe-1.2wt%C having a size of 70~120nm pre-
Alloyed powder, the mass percent of C is 1.2wt% in Fe-C alloy powder, and pure Cu powder accounts for the 89wt% of the raw material, and Fe-C is closed in advance
Bronze accounts for the 11wt% of the raw material,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 900 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, sintering time 30min,
Cu-11wt% (Fe-C) alloy of Fe-1.2wt%C even particle distribution must have been prepared.
The alloy of embodiment preparation is tested for the property, the tensile strength of alloy is 580MPa, and conductivity is
60.8%IACS.
Embodiment 2
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes 10~50 μm of pure Cu powder and Fe-1.0wt%C having a size of 70~120nm pre-
Alloyed powder, the mass percent of C is 1.0wt% in Fe-C alloy powder, and pure Cu powder accounts for the 85wt% of the raw material, and Fe-C is closed in advance
Bronze accounts for the 15wt% of the raw material,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 800 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, sintering time 30min,
Cu-15wt% (Fe-C) alloy of Fe-1.0wt%C even particle distribution must have been prepared.
The alloy of embodiment preparation is tested for the property, the tensile strength of alloy is 636MPa, and conductivity is
54.1%IACS.
Embodiment 3
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes that 10~50 μm of pure Cu powder and the Fe-1.1wt%C having a size of 50~80nm are closed in advance
Bronze, the mass percent of C is 1.1wt% in Fe-C alloy powder, and pure Cu powder accounts for the 87wt% of the raw material, Fe-C prealloy
Powder accounts for the 13wt% of the raw material,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 820 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, sintering time 30min,
Cu-13wt% (Fe-C) alloy of Fe-1.1wt%C even particle distribution must have been prepared.
The alloy of embodiment preparation is tested for the property, the tensile strength of alloy is 628MPa, and conductivity is
55.6%IACS.
Embodiment 4
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes that 10~50 μm of pure Cu powder and the Fe-1.1wt%C having a size of 50~80nm are closed in advance
Bronze, the mass percent of C is 1.1wt% in Fe-C alloy powder, and pure Cu powder accounts for the 90wt% of the raw material, Fe-C prealloy
Powder accounts for the 10wt% of the raw material,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 820 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, sintering time 30min,
Cu-10wt% (Fe-C) alloy of Fe-1.1wt%C even particle distribution must have been prepared.
The alloy of embodiment preparation is tested for the property, the tensile strength of alloy is 573MPa, and conductivity is
57.2%IACS.
Embodiment 5
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes that 10~50 μm of pure Cu powder and the Fe-1.1wt%C having a size of 50~80nm are closed in advance
Bronze, the mass percent of C is 1.1wt% in Fe-C alloy powder, and pure Cu powder accounts for the 89wt% of the raw material, Fe-C prealloy
Powder accounts for the 11wt% of the raw material,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 820 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, sintering time 30min,
Cu-11wt% (Fe-C) alloy of Fe-1.1wt%C even particle distribution, i.e., Fe-C in the alloy must have been prepared
Content be 11wt%.
The alloy of embodiment preparation is tested for the property, the tensile strength of alloy is 585MPa, conductivity 61%
IACS。
Embodiment 6
(1) prepare raw material: raw material includes that 10~50 μm of pure Cu powder and the Fe-1.1wt%C having a size of 60~80nm are closed in advance
Bronze, the mass percent of C is 1.1wt% in Fe-C alloy powder, and pure Cu powder accounts for the 88wt% of the raw material, Fe-C prealloy
Powder accounts for the 12wt% of the raw material,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 820 DEG C, sintering pressure 50MPa, sintering time 30min,
Cu-12wt% (Fe-C) alloy of Fe-1.1wt%C even particle distribution must have been prepared.
The alloy of embodiment preparation is tested for the property, the tensile strength of alloy is 615MPa, and conductivity is
54.8%IACS.
Embodiment 7-12 and comparative example 1-2
Embodiment 7-12 and comparative example 1-2 in addition to raw material proportioning and raw material granularity are different from embodiment 1, other techniques with
Embodiment 1 is identical.The raw material dosage relationship of embodiment 7-12 and comparative example 1-2 and raw material granularity referring to table 1, corresponding embodiment and
The performance test results of the alloy of comparative example preparation are referring to table 1.As can be seen from Table 1, (tension is strong for the performance of embodiment 8,9,10
Degree and conductivity) it is significantly better than comparative example 1,2 and embodiment 7,11,12.
The raw material dosage relationship and raw material granularity and corresponding product performance table of table 1 embodiment 7-12 and comparative example 1-2
Embodiment 13-17
For embodiment 13-17 in addition to hot pressed sintering is different from embodiment 1, other techniques are same as Example 1.Embodiment
The performance test results for the alloy product that the hot pressed sintering of 13-17 is obtained referring to table 2, corresponding embodiment and comparative example are referring to table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the performance (tensile strength and conductivity) of embodiment 13,14,15 is significantly better than embodiment 16,17.
The stirring condition and properties of product table of 2 embodiment 13-17 of table
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Cu-Fe-C alloy, which is characterized in that the Cu-Fe-C alloy is prepared by the following steps:
(1) prepare raw material: the raw material includes pure Cu powder and Fe-C prealloy powder,
(2) ball milling mixing: being added abrading-ball and carry out powder mixing machine, obtain composite powder,
(3) hot pressed sintering: composite powder obtained in the step (2) being put into hot-pressed sintering furnace and is sintered, sintering temperature
Degree is 800~1000 DEG C, and sintering pressure is 45~55MPa, and sintering time is 30min~45min,
Obtain the Cu-Fe-C alloy of Fe-C even particle distribution；
The pure Cu powder accounts for the 85-90wt% of the raw material, and the Fe-C prealloy powder accounts for the 10-15wt% of the raw material；
The partial size of the pure Cu powder is 10~50 μm；
The size of the Fe-C prealloy powder is 50~120nm；
C content in the Fe-C prealloy powder is 0.9-1.8wt%.
2. alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the Fe-C prealloy powder is 60~110nm.
3. alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the Fe-C prealloy powder is 60~80nm.
4. alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the C in the Fe-C prealloy powder accounts for the prealloy powder
0.9~1.2wt%.
5. alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that C content in the Fe-C prealloy powder is 1.0~
1.2wt%.
6. alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that C content in the Fe-C prealloy powder is 1.2~
1.6wt%.
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| CN201810259093.8A CN108193077B (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | Cu-Fe-C alloy |
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