CN108192599A - 一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)苯胺席夫碱Zn2+荧光探针制备及应用 - Google Patents

一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)苯胺席夫碱Zn2+荧光探针制备及应用 Download PDF

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CN108192599A
CN108192599A CN201810045918.6A CN201810045918A CN108192599A CN 108192599 A CN108192599 A CN 108192599A CN 201810045918 A CN201810045918 A CN 201810045918A CN 108192599 A CN108192599 A CN 108192599A
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汤艳峰
黄洋
朱金丽
付利
孙同明
王淼
万永兴
施安霁
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Nantong Ntec Monofilament Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及荧光探针领域,特别涉及一种芘类2‑(2‑甲硫基吡啶)‑苯胺席夫碱Zn2+荧光探针的制备及应用,具体结构式如下:

Description

一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)苯胺席夫碱Zn2+荧光探针制备及 应用
技术领域
本发明涉及荧光探针领域,特别涉及一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱Zn2+荧光探针的制备及应用。
背景技术
锌是人体必需的微量元素之一,它在人体中的含量仅次于铁,对人的生命活动起到了至关重要的作用。人体缺锌会导致诸如厌食症、阿尔兹海默症、生长发育迟缓等疾病。此外,锌离子也与植物的生长密切相关,例如苹果树缺锌会导致小叶症、水稻和玉米缺锌会导致植株死亡等。因此,选择一种高效、灵敏的锌离子检测方法对化学、医学和植物学等领域具有重要意义。
锌离子的检测方法有很多,包括原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)、原子发射光谱法(AES)、电化学分析法(伏安法)、电感耦合等离子体—发射光谱法(ICP-OES)、电感耦合等离子体—原子发射(ICP-AES)等。以上方法虽然具有较高的灵敏度,但却受制于仪器价格、操作流程和选择性等因素,限制了这些方法在实际中的应用。荧光探针因其较高的选择性,简便的操作和快速响应而备受关注。
发明内容
针对背景技术中的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种高灵敏度、较高的抗干扰能力且对Zn2+有专一识别性的荧光探针及其应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针,其特征:具体结构式如下:
进一步地,所述芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针在溶剂中识别Zn2+.
进一步地,所述芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针识别Zn2+的溶剂是CH3OH。
一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的制备方法,其特征是:所述方法如下:
(1)合成1-溴芘:将芘和NBS溶于氯仿中,N2保护下搅拌加热至65-70℃后反应,TLC检测反应完全,减压旋蒸,然后以石油醚比乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-溴芘;
反应式如下:
(2)合成1-甲氧基芘:将钠和CH3OH反应至完全,再将1-溴芘及CuI加入到反应体系中,然后加入DMF,充N2保护,加热回流至85-95℃反应,冷却,加入冰水,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,之后用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,减压抽滤,滤液减压旋蒸除去溶剂,以石油醚作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-甲氧基芘;
反应式如下:
(3)合成甲氧基芘甲醛:将1-甲氧基芘置于反应容器中,再加入正己烷,充N2保护,在冰浴下缓慢注射2.5mol/L的正丁基锂,再注射四甲基乙二胺,颜色瞬间变红,继续反应一段时间后转移至室温,注射DMF,继续反应。然后加入0.5mol/L HCl淬灭反应,旋蒸得黄色固体,水洗,二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得甲氧基芘甲醛;
反应式如下:
(4)合成羟基芘甲醛:将AlCl3置于反应容器中,再加入二氯甲烷,然后将甲氧基芘甲醛溶于二氯甲烷中,0℃加入到反应体系,转移至室温反应;然后加入0.1mol/L HCl至体系呈红色,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得羟基芘甲醛;
反应式如下:
(5)合成2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺:在冰水浴中,将Na溶于无水乙醇中;在反应容器中加入配好的乙醇钠、2-氨基苯硫酚;将2-氯甲基吡啶溶于无水乙醇中缓慢滴加进体系后,升温至45℃-50℃反应;将反应液减压旋干后用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用水洗涤后无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干二氯甲烷,得粗产物,柱层析分离[V(二氯甲烷):V(乙醇)=10:1]得黄色油状产物2-(2-甲硫基吡啶) -苯胺;
反应式如下:
(6)合成芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针:在反应容器中加入2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺、羟基芘甲醛、无水乙醇,氮气保护下加热至85℃反应,有固体析出,抽滤,固体用乙醇洗涤三遍后,获得最终产物芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针;
反应式如下:
相对于现有技术,本发明的有益效果如下:
(1)该荧光探针具有芘荧光团,分子中席夫碱中N、O和S原子与Zn2+配位络合,实现了PET阻断,出现荧光off-on信号,实现了对Zn2+的荧光识别,检测灵敏度高。
(2)该荧光探针对Zn2+有专一的选择性,与其他常见离子作用荧光信号基本没有变化,较高的抗干扰能力,高灵敏度,检测限低。
附图说明
图1是溴芘的1H NMR谱图;
图2是甲氧基芘的1H NMR谱图;
图3是甲氧基芘甲醛的1H NMR谱图;
图4是羟基芘甲醛的1H NMR谱图;
图5是2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺的1H NMR谱图;
图6是本发明芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的1H NMR谱图;
图7是本发明荧光探针对锌离子选择性识别的荧光发射光谱图;
图8是本发明荧光探针在不同浓度锌离子存在下荧光发射光谱变化图;
图9是本发明荧光探针在锌离子及其他金属离子存在下的荧光发射强度变化图;
图10是本发明荧光探针对锌离子的检测限计算图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式,对本发明的具体实施方案作详细的阐述。这些具体实施方式仅供叙述而并非用来限定本发明的范围或实施原则,本发明的保护范围仍以权利要求为准,包括在此基础上所作出的显而易见的变化或变动等。
实施例1
(1)、合成1-溴芘的反应式:
(2)、合成1-溴芘的具体步骤:
称取10g芘和9g NBS溶于100mL氯仿中,N2保护下搅拌加热至65℃后反应10h,TLC检测反应完全,减压旋蒸,然后以石油醚比乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-溴芘。收率为75%。1-溴芘的1H NMR谱图如图1所示。
(3)、合成1-甲氧基芘的反应式:
(4)、合成1-甲氧基芘的具体步骤:
称取4g钠,与100mLCH3OH反应完全,称取4g 1-溴芘及1.2g CuI加入到反应体系中,加入30mL DMF,充N2保护,加热回流至85℃,反应30h,冷却,加入冰水,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,之后用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,减压抽滤,滤液减压旋蒸除去溶剂,以石油醚作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-甲氧基芘。收率为 50%。1-甲氧基芘的1H NMR谱图如图2所示。
(5)、合成甲氧基芘甲醛的结构式:
(6)、合成甲氧基芘甲醛的具体步骤:
称取4g 1-甲氧基芘于250mL三口烧瓶中,加入70mL正己烷,充N2保护,在冰浴下缓慢注射7mL 2.5mol/L正丁基锂,再注射2.66mL四甲基乙二胺,颜色瞬间变红,4h后,转移至室温,注射1.63mLDMF,反应22h。然后加入0.5 mol/L HCl淬灭反应,旋蒸得黄色固体,水洗,二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得甲氧基芘甲醛。产率为30%。1-甲氧基芘甲醛的1H NMR谱图如图3所示。
(7)、合成羟基芘甲醛的结构式:
(8)、合成羟基芘甲醛的具体步骤:
称取2.4g AlCl3于100mL三口烧瓶,加入20mL二氯甲烷,称取1.2g甲氧基芘甲醛溶于15mL二氯甲烷中,0℃加入到反应体系,转移至室温反应4h。然后加入0.1mol/L HCl至体系呈红色,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得羟基芘甲醛。产率为50%。1-羟基芘甲醛的1H NMR谱图如图4所示。
(9)、合成2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺的反应式:
(10)、合成2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺的具体步骤:
在冰水浴中,将Na(0.5g,21.7mmol)溶于无水乙醇(12.5mL)中。在50mL 三口烧瓶中加入配好的乙醇钠、2-氨基苯硫酚(1.25g,10mmol)。将2-氯甲基吡啶(1.28g,10mmol)溶于无水乙醇(10mL)中缓慢滴加进体系后,升温至45℃反应2h。将反应液减压旋干后用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用水洗涤后无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干二氯甲烷,得粗产物,柱层析分离[V(二氯甲烷):V(乙醇)=10:1]得1.60g黄色油状产物,收率为74%。2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺的1H NMR谱图如图5所示。
(11)、合成芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针反应式:
(12)、合成芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针具体步骤:在50mL三口烧瓶中加入2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺(0.22g,1mmol)、羟基芘甲醛(0.25g 1mmol)、无水乙醇(20mL),氮气保护下加热至85℃反应4h 后,有固体析出,抽滤,固体用乙醇洗涤三遍后,获得0.22g最终产物R,收率为50%。本发明芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的1HNMR谱图如图6所示。
(13)、芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针对Zn2+的选择性检测:
10μmol/的芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的CH3OH溶液,分别加入10μmol/L的金属离子(Zn2+,Pb2+,Ni+,Na+,Mn2+,Mg2+,Li+,K+, Hg2+,Fe3+,Fe2+,Cu2+,Cr3+,Co2+,Cd2+,Ca2+,Ba2+,Al3+,Ag+),搅拌均匀后15s内检测溶液的荧光发射光谱变化,结果如图7所示。由图7所知,荧光探针在390nm处几乎没有发射峰,当加入Zn2+后,荧光探针溶液在390nm处出现了强的发射峰,然而加入其他离子,如Al3+,Pb2+,Ni+,Na+,Mn2+, Mg2+,Li+,K+,Hg2+,Fe3 +,Fe2+,Cu2+,Cr3+,Co2+,Cd2+,Ca2+,Ba2+,Ag+后,荧光探针溶液在390nm的发射峰没有出现明显增强,故实验结果表明,只有加入Zn2+,才能引起荧光探针溶液在390nm处出现明显的荧光增强,该芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针在CH3OH溶液中对Zn2+有良好的选择性。
(14)、芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针对Zn2+的荧光滴定实验: 10μmol/L的芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的CH3OH溶液,逐步增加Zn2+的浓度,搅拌均匀15s内检测各试样的荧光发射光谱,结果如图8 所示。由图8所知,随着Zn2+浓度的逐步增大,探针溶液在390nm处的荧光强度也逐步增大,当Zn2+的浓度达到探针浓度的9倍,即90μmol/L时,此时荧光强度不再增大,滴定达到饱和,故实验结果表明,该芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)- 苯胺席夫碱荧光探针对Zn2+具有良好的传感性质。
(15)、芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针对Zn2+的识别的竞争实验:
10μmol/L的芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的CH3OH溶液,分别加入100μmol/L的其他金属离子(Pb2+,Ni+,Na+,Mn2+,Mg2+,Li+, K+,Hg2+,Fe3+,Fe2+,Cu2+,Cr3+,Co2 +,Ca2+,Ba2+,Cd2+,Ag+),搅拌均匀后15s内检测溶液的荧光发射光谱,然后向以上各个含有金属离子的溶液中加入100μmol/L的Zn2+,搅拌均匀后15s内检测溶液的荧光发射光谱。分别取390 nm处的荧光发射强度,作图结果如图9所示。由图9所知,共存的其他金属离子对Zn2+的荧光识别没有显著干扰。
(16)、芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针对Zn2+检测限的计算:
检测限根据荧光光谱滴定数据计算。以荧光滴定强度为纵坐标,Zn2+的浓度作为横坐标作图,如图10所示。在Zn2+浓度在30μmol/L到80μmol/L的浓度范围内,运用公式DL=K×Sb1/S,其中DL为检测限,K=3,Sb1=空白溶液的标准偏差,S是校准曲线的斜率。经计算检测限为4.12×10-8M。
实施例2
(1)、合成1-溴芘的具体步骤:
称取10g芘和9g NBS溶于100mL氯仿中,N2保护下搅拌加热至70℃后反应 10h,TLC检测反应完全,减压旋蒸,然后以石油醚比乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-溴芘。收率为77%。
(2)、合成1-甲氧基芘的具体步骤:
称取4g钠,与100mLCH3OH反应完全,称取4g 1-溴芘及1.2g CuI加入到反应体系中,加入30mL DMF,充N2保护,加热回流至95℃,反应30h,冷却,加入冰水,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,之后用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,减压抽滤,滤液减压旋蒸除去溶剂,以石油醚作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-甲氧基芘。收率为 53%。
(3)、合成甲氧基芘甲醛的具体步骤:
称取4g 1-甲氧基芘于250mL三口烧瓶中,加入70mL正己烷,充N2保护,在冰浴下缓慢注射7mL 2.5mol/L正丁基锂,再注射2.66mL四甲基乙二胺,颜色瞬间变红,4h后,转移至室温,注射1.63mL DMF,反应22h。然后加入0.5 mol/L HCl淬灭反应,旋蒸得黄色固体,水洗,二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得甲氧基芘甲醛。产率为30%。
(4)、合成羟基芘甲醛的具体步骤:
称取2.4g AlCl3于100mL三口烧瓶,加入20mL二氯甲烷,称取1.2g甲氧基芘甲醛溶于15mL二氯甲烷中,0℃加入到反应体系,转移至室温反应4h。然后加入0.1mol/L HCl至体系呈红色,用二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得羟基芘甲醛。产率为50%。
(5)、合成2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺的具体步骤:
在冰水浴中,将Na(0.5g,21.7mmol)溶于无水乙醇(12.5mL)中。在50mL 三口烧瓶中加入配好的乙醇钠、2-氨基苯硫酚(1.25g,10mmol)。将2-氯甲基吡啶(1.28g,10mmol)溶于无水乙醇(10mL)中缓慢滴加进体系后,升温至50℃反应2h。将反应液减压旋干后用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用水洗涤后无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干二氯甲烷,得粗产物,柱层析分离[V(二氯甲烷):V(乙醇)=10:1]得黄色油状产物,收率为77%。
(6)、合成芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针具体步骤:在50mL三口烧瓶中加入2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺(0.22g,1mmol)、羟基芘甲醛(0.25g 1mmol)、无水乙醇(20mL),氮气保护下加热至85℃反应4h 后,有固体析出,抽滤,固体用乙醇洗涤三遍后,获得最终产物R,收率为50%。

Claims (4)

1.一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针,其特征:具体结构式如下:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的应用,其特征是:所述芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针在溶剂中识别Zn2+
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的应用,其特征是:所述芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针识别Zn2+的溶剂是CH3OH。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针的制备方法,其特征是:所述方法如下:
(1)合成1-溴芘:将芘和NBS溶于氯仿中,N2保护下搅拌加热至65-70℃后反应,TLC检测反应完全,减压旋蒸,然后以石油醚比乙酸乙酯作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-溴芘;
反应式如下:
(2)合成1-甲氧基芘:将钠和CH3OH反应至完全,再将1-溴芘及CuI加入到反应体系中,然后加入DMF,充N2保护,加热回流至85-95℃反应,冷却,加入冰水,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,之后用无水硫酸钠干燥有机相,减压抽滤,滤液减压旋蒸除去溶剂,以石油醚作为洗脱剂柱层析,得1-甲氧基芘;
反应式如下:
(3)合成甲氧基芘甲醛:将1-甲氧基芘置于反应容器中,再加入正己烷,充N2保护,在冰浴下缓慢注射2.5mol/L的正丁基锂,再注射四甲基乙二胺,颜色瞬间变红,继续反应一段时间后转移至室温,注射DMF,继续反应;然后加入0.5mol/L HCl淬灭反应,旋蒸得黄色固体,水洗,二氯甲烷萃取三次,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得甲氧基芘甲醛;
反应式如下:
(4)合成羟基芘甲醛:将AlCl3置于反应容器中,再加入二氯甲烷,然后将甲氧基芘甲醛溶于二氯甲烷中,0℃加入到反应体系,转移至室温反应;然后加入0.1mol/L HCl至体系呈红色,用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压抽滤,旋蒸,用二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂柱层析,得羟基芘甲醛;
反应式如下:
(5)合成2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺:在冰水浴中,将Na溶于无水乙醇中;在反应容器中加入配好的乙醇钠、2-氨基苯硫酚;将2-氯甲基吡啶溶于无水乙醇中缓慢滴加进体系后,升温至45℃-50℃反应;将反应液减压旋干后用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用水洗涤后无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干二氯甲烷,得粗产物,柱层析分离[V(二氯甲烷):V(乙醇)=10:1]得黄色油状产物2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺;
反应式如下:
(6)合成芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针:在反应容器中加入2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺、羟基芘甲醛、无水乙醇,氮气保护下加热至85℃反应,有固体析出,抽滤,固体用乙醇洗涤三遍后,获得最终产物芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)-苯胺席夫碱荧光探针;
反应式如下:
CN201810045918.6A 2018-01-17 2018-01-17 一种芘类2-(2-甲硫基吡啶)苯胺席夫碱Zn2+荧光探针制备及应用 Active CN108192599B (zh)

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