CN108191418A - 一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖 - Google Patents

一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖 Download PDF

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CN108191418A
CN108191418A CN201810174015.8A CN201810174015A CN108191418A CN 108191418 A CN108191418 A CN 108191418A CN 201810174015 A CN201810174015 A CN 201810174015A CN 108191418 A CN108191418 A CN 108191418A
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王虎
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Hefei Ming Yu High Temperature Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及耐高温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖该，耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉、鳞片石墨、结合剂、稀释剂。其中，铝氮复合材料是将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉按4:1的质量比混合均匀，然后将混合粉料在氮气气氛中高温烧结，生成的以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相材料。结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释，稀释剂选用二氯乙烷、二甲苯和正己烷中的一种。本发明的耐火砖具有很高的耐火度，耐腐蚀性能优秀，并且具有导热性差的特点，保温性能较好。

Description

一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖
技术领域
本发明涉及耐高温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖。
背景技术
耐火材料是指耐火度至少为1500℃的无机非金属材料。耐火度是指耐火材料锥形体试样在没有荷重情况下，抵抗高温作用而不软化熔倒的摄氏温度。耐火材料广泛用于冶金、化工、石油、机械制造、硅酸盐、动力等工业领域，在冶金工业中用量最大，占总产量的50%～60%。耐火材料根据耐火度的高低可分为普通耐火材料、高级耐火材料和特级耐火材料。
其中，高温熔窑是使用耐火砖进行砌筑的窑体，在金属冶炼和玻璃制造行业是最重要的生产设施，其中玻璃窑对耐火砖还有一个特殊的要求，由于玻璃液具有一定的腐蚀性，因此要求用于玻璃窑砌筑的耐火砖具有良好的高温耐腐蚀性能。此外，由于玻璃生产是典型的高能耗工业项目，其中熔窑热量损失也是产生能耗的一部分，因此如果能够降低耐火砖的导热性能，也会相应降低玻璃窑的能耗。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，该耐火砖具有很高的耐火度，耐腐蚀性能优秀，并且具有导热性差的特点，保温性能较好。
为了达到上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，按照质量份数，所述耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石40-50份，铝氮复合材料23-27份，镁铝尖晶石15-20份，脱硅锆石8-11份，二氧化钼细粉12-13份，鳞片石墨6-13份，结合剂16-19份，稀释剂10-12份。
作为优选地，按照质量份数，该耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石43-46份，铝氮复合材料24-25份，镁铝尖晶石17-18份，脱硅锆石9-10份，二氧化钼细粉12.5-13份，鳞片石墨9-11份，结合剂17-18份，稀释剂10-11份。
本发明中，铝氮复合材料的制备方法如下：以4:1的质量比将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉混合均匀，然后将混合粉料采用凝胶注模法制成坯料，坯料在氮气气氛中以1100-1150℃的温度进行热处理，热处理过程中发生化学反应，生成以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相，然后将生成的陶瓷破碎并研磨至材料细度为300-350目，得到所需铝氮复合材料。
优选地，氧化钛为纳米级氧化钛，金属铝粉的目数为325-350目。
优选地，结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释。
优选地，稀释剂选用二氯乙烷、二甲苯和正己烷中的一种。
优选地，轻质莫来石的粒径为0.1-0.8mm，显气孔率为30-35%，气孔孔径D50≤80μm，莫来石相含量≥50%。
优选地，二氧化钼细粉的粒径为250-300目。
本发明提供的耐火砖的制备方法如下：将轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉和鳞片石墨加入到混料机中混合均匀，制成混合粉料备用；然后将结合剂用稀释剂进行稀释溶解，然后将溶液和混合粉料一起加入到混炼机中混炼20-30min，混炼完成后出料，接着将混炼后的坯料送入到成型机中机压成型，成型后的砖坯在120-180℃的温度下干燥7-10h。然后将砖坯送入到用惰性气体气氛保护的电热窑中进行高温烧结，烧结温度为980-1120℃，保温烧结时间为6-8h，出窑后得到所需耐火砖。
本发明具有如下的有益效果：
该型耐火砖的主体材料中选用轻质莫来石作为骨料，并且使用镁铝尖晶石和脱硅锆石等材料进行复合制备，其中的铝氮复合材料可以提高耐火砖的强度和耐火性能，砖体的耐火度很高，可以用于冶金和玻璃生产的熔窑制作，其中多种无机复合材料的稳定性高，化学惰性较好，在高温状态下不会与熔窑内的高温熔融液发生化学反应。
此外，该砖体的密度较轻，砖体内部还含有微型气隙，这使得该耐火砖的导热性能得到降低，从而提高该型耐火砖砌筑的窑体的保温性能，使得该高温熔窑更加节能环保。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述，以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，按照质量份数，该耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石40份，铝氮复合材料23份，镁铝尖晶石15份，脱硅锆石8份，二氧化钼细粉12份，鳞片石墨6份，结合剂16份，稀释剂10份。
本实施例中，铝氮复合材料的制备方法如下：以4:1的质量比将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉混合均匀，然后将混合粉料采用凝胶注模法制成坯料，坯料在氮气气氛中以1100℃的温度进行热处理，热处理过程中发生化学反应，生成以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相，然后将生成的陶瓷破碎并研磨至材料细度为300目，得到所需铝氮复合材料。
其中，氧化钛为纳米级氧化钛，金属铝粉的目数为325目；结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释；稀释剂选用二氯乙烷；轻质莫来石的粒径为0.1mm，显气孔率为30%，气孔孔径D50≤80μm，莫来石相含量为55%；二氧化钼细粉的粒径为250目。
本实施例提供的耐火砖的制备方法如下：将轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉和鳞片石墨加入到混料机中混合均匀，制成混合粉料备用；然后将结合剂用稀释剂进行稀释溶解，然后将溶液和混合粉料一起加入到混炼机中混炼20min，混炼完成后出料，接着将混炼后的坯料送入到成型机中机压成型，成型后的砖坯在120℃的温度下干燥7h。然后将砖坯送入到用惰性气体气氛保护的电热窑中进行高温烧结，烧结温度为980℃，保温烧结时间为6h，出窑后得到所需耐火砖。
实施例2
一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，按照质量份数，该耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石50份，铝氮复合材料27份，镁铝尖晶石20份，脱硅锆石11份，二氧化钼细粉13份，鳞片石墨13份，结合剂19份，稀释剂12份。
本实施例中，铝氮复合材料的制备方法如下：以4:1的质量比将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉混合均匀，然后将混合粉料采用凝胶注模法制成坯料，坯料在氮气气氛中以1150℃的温度进行热处理，热处理过程中发生化学反应，生成以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相，然后将生成的陶瓷破碎并研磨至材料细度为350目，得到所需铝氮复合材料。
其中，氧化钛为纳米级氧化钛，金属铝粉的目数为350目；结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释；稀释剂选用二甲苯；轻质莫来石的粒径为0.8mm，显气孔率为35%，气孔孔径D50≤80μm，莫来石相含量为60%；二氧化钼细粉的粒径为300目。
本实施例提供的耐火砖的制备方法如下：将轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉和鳞片石墨加入到混料机中混合均匀，制成混合粉料备用；然后将结合剂用稀释剂进行稀释溶解，然后将溶液和混合粉料一起加入到混炼机中混炼30min，混炼完成后出料，接着将混炼后的坯料送入到成型机中机压成型，成型后的砖坯在180℃的温度下干燥10h。然后将砖坯送入到用惰性气体气氛保护的电热窑中进行高温烧结，烧结温度为1120℃，保温烧结时间为8h，出窑后得到所需耐火砖。
实施例3
一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，按照质量份数，该耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石45份，铝氮复合材料25份，镁铝尖晶石18份，脱硅锆石10份，二氧化钼细粉12份，鳞片石墨10份，结合剂18份，稀释剂11份。
本实施例中，铝氮复合材料的制备方法如下：以4:1的质量比将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉混合均匀，然后将混合粉料采用凝胶注模法制成坯料，坯料在氮气气氛中以1130℃的温度进行热处理，热处理过程中发生化学反应，生成以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相，然后将生成的陶瓷破碎并研磨至材料细度为325目，得到所需铝氮复合材料。
其中，氧化钛为纳米级氧化钛，金属铝粉的目数为350目；结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释；稀释剂选用正己烷；轻质莫来石的粒径为0.5mm，显气孔率为33%，气孔孔径D50≤80μm，莫来石相含量为55%；二氧化钼细粉的粒径为275目。
本实施例提供的耐火砖的制备方法如下：将轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉和鳞片石墨加入到混料机中混合均匀，制成混合粉料备用；然后将结合剂用稀释剂进行稀释溶解，然后将溶液和混合粉料一起加入到混炼机中混炼25min，混炼完成后出料，接着将混炼后的坯料送入到成型机中机压成型，成型后的砖坯在160℃的温度下干燥8h。然后将砖坯送入到用惰性气体气氛保护的电热窑中进行高温烧结，烧结温度为1050℃，保温烧结时间为7h，出窑后得到所需耐火砖。
实施例4
一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，按照质量份数，该耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石40份，铝氮复合材料25份，镁铝尖晶石18份，脱硅锆石9份，二氧化钼细粉12份，鳞片石墨13份，结合剂18份，稀释剂12份。
本实施例中，铝氮复合材料的制备方法如下：以4:1的质量比将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉混合均匀，然后将混合粉料采用凝胶注模法制成坯料，坯料在氮气气氛中以1120℃的温度进行热处理，热处理过程中发生化学反应，生成以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相，然后将生成的陶瓷破碎并研磨至材料细度为300目，得到所需铝氮复合材料。
其中，氧化钛为纳米级氧化钛，金属铝粉的目数为350目；结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释；稀释剂选用二氯乙烷、二甲苯和正己烷中的一种；轻质莫来石的粒径为0.6mm，显气孔率为35%，气孔孔径D50≤80μm，莫来石相含量为65%；二氧化钼细粉的粒径为250目。
本实施例提供的耐火砖的制备方法如下：将轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉和鳞片石墨加入到混料机中混合均匀，制成混合粉料备用；然后将结合剂用稀释剂进行稀释溶解，然后将溶液和混合粉料一起加入到混炼机中混炼20min，混炼完成后出料，接着将混炼后的坯料送入到成型机中机压成型，成型后的砖坯在150℃的温度下干燥8h。然后将砖坯送入到用惰性气体气氛保护的电热窑中进行高温烧结，烧结温度为1120℃，保温烧结时间为6h，出窑后得到所需耐火砖。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：按照质量份数，所述耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石40-50份，铝氮复合材料23-27份，镁铝尖晶石15-20份，脱硅锆石8-11份，二氧化钼细粉12-13份，鳞片石墨6-13份，结合剂16-19份，稀释剂10-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：按照质量份数，所述耐火砖中含有以下原料成分：轻质莫来石43-46份，铝氮复合材料24-25份，镁铝尖晶石17-18份，脱硅锆石9-10份，二氧化钼细粉12.5-13份，鳞片石墨9-11份，结合剂17-18份，稀释剂10-11份。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述铝氮复合材料的制备方法如下：以4:1的质量比将氧化钛粉末和金属铝粉混合均匀，然后将混合粉料采用凝胶注模法制成坯料，坯料在氮气气氛中以1100-1150℃的温度进行热处理，热处理过程中发生化学反应，生成以氧化铝和氮化钛为主体的高温陶瓷结合相，然后将生成的陶瓷破碎并研磨至材料细度为300-350目，得到所需铝氮复合材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述氧化钛为纳米级氧化钛，金属铝粉的目数为325-350目。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述结合剂选用聚碳硅烷，结合剂使用前预先加入稀释剂进行稀释。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述稀释剂选用二氯乙烷、二甲苯和正己烷中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述轻质莫来石的粒径为0.1-0.8mm，显气孔率为30-35%，气孔孔径D50≤80μm，莫来石相含量≥50%。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述二氧化钼细粉的粒径为250-300目。
9.根据权利要求1所述一种玻璃窑用耐腐蚀保温耐火砖，其特征在于：所述耐火砖的制备方法如下：将轻质莫来石、铝氮复合材料、镁铝尖晶石、脱硅锆石、二氧化钼细粉和鳞片石墨加入到混料机中混合均匀，制成混合粉料备用；然后将结合剂用稀释剂进行稀释溶解，然后将溶液和混合粉料一起加入到混炼机中混炼20-30min，混炼完成后出料，接着将混炼后的坯料送入到成型机中机压成型，成型后的砖坯在120-180℃的温度下干燥7-10h；然后将砖坯送入到用惰性气体气氛保护的电热窑中进行高温烧结，烧结温度为980-1120℃，保温烧结时间为6-8h，出窑后得到所需耐火砖。
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