CN108188453B - Multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit for long chip cutting - Google Patents
Multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit for long chip cutting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108188453B CN108188453B CN201810101200.4A CN201810101200A CN108188453B CN 108188453 B CN108188453 B CN 108188453B CN 201810101200 A CN201810101200 A CN 201810101200A CN 108188453 B CN108188453 B CN 108188453B
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
Abstract
The invention provides a long chip cutting multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit, which can improve the condition that a plurality of cutters are used in single chip discharging flute type multi-step processing, and particularly solves the problem that the cutting chips are seriously wound when the step drill bit with the step diameter ratio exceeding 1.3 is used for long chip cutting. The drill body comprises at least three cylinders with diameters gradually increased from front to back, wherein the at least three cylinders are concentric from front to back, adjacent two cylinders are connected through step angle transition, correction platforms with axial widths a not smaller than 0.3mm are respectively arranged on large-diameter cylinders at each step angle transition, the axial angles beta=0-15 degrees and the radial angles alpha= -25-0 degrees of the correction platforms are respectively arranged on the large-diameter cylinders at each step angle transition, meanwhile, the axial angles of the step angle correction platforms at the joint of the two cylinders with the large diameter ratio are larger than the axial angles of the step angle correction platforms at the joint of the two cylinders with the small diameter ratio, and the radial angles of the step angles at the joint of the two cylinders with the large diameter ratio are smaller than the radial angles of the step angle correction platforms at the joint of the two cylinders with the small diameter ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of precision cutters, in particular to a long-chip cutting multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit.
Background
At present, when three or more multi-step holes are processed, and the diameter changing ratio of a certain step (the ratio of the diameter of a certain pair of adjacent cylinders to the diameter of a small cylinder) exceeds 1.3, a mode of sequentially processing a plurality of cutters is adopted, and the processing precision requirement can be met, but the processing efficiency is low and the cutter cost is high; if a single drill with multiple steps is adopted, three or more steps with large diameter-changing ratio are needed; however, the existing stepped drill bits with different diameter ratios mostly adopt a single chip removing mode, and when long cutting machining is achieved, the phenomenon of serious chip winding often occurs in the simple single chip removing groove mode, so that normal and stable machining cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a long-chip cutting multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit, which can solve the problem that the existing single-chip-discharge-flute type large-diameter-ratio stepped drill bit has serious chip winding when long chip cutting is carried out.
The technical scheme is that the long chip cutting multi-step correction non-common groove drill bit comprises a drill shank, wherein the front end of the drill shank is provided with a coaxial integrated drill body, the drill body comprises at least three cylinders which are concentric and integrated from front to back, at least the diameters of the three cylinders are gradually increased from front to back, and two adjacent cylinders are connected through a step angle transition, and the drill bit is characterized in that: the cutting tool comprises a main chip groove formed in the outer peripheral surface of a previous small-diameter cylinder of two adjacent cylinders with the largest diameter changing ratio, wherein the main chip groove is communicated and extends to all cylinders, an auxiliary chip groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of a next large-diameter cylinder, the auxiliary chip groove extends backwards to all cylinders at the rear, the auxiliary chip groove extends forwards on the outer periphery of the previous cylinder to form a cutting edge of the cylinder, a correction platform with the axial width a not smaller than 0.3mm is respectively arranged on the large-diameter cylinder at each step angle transition, the axial forward angle beta of each correction platform is in the range of 0-15 degrees, the radial forward angle alpha is in the range of-25-0 degrees, meanwhile, the axial forward angle of the correction platform at the joint of the two cylinders with the large diameter changing ratio is larger than the axial forward angle of the correction platform at the joint of the two cylinders with the small diameter changing ratio, and the radial forward angle of the step angle at the joint of the two cylinders with the large diameter changing ratio is smaller than the radial forward angle of the correction platform at the joint of the two cylinders with the small diameter changing ratio.
Further, a new cutting edge is formed on the correction platform, wherein the cutting edge connected with the previous cylinder is the main cutting edge of the correction platform, and a secondary cutting edge of the correction platform is formed on the latter cylinder.
Further, chip breaking grooves are respectively formed in corresponding correction platforms on two blade lobes on the same step angle, the depth h of each chip breaking groove is not more than 0.2mm, and the length l of each chip breaking groove is determined according to the axial width a of the corresponding correction platform and the diameter of a cylinder where the corresponding stepped correction platform is located.
Further, the distances l1 and l2 between the chip breaking grooves on the correction platforms of the two blade lobes on the same step angle and the corresponding main cutting edges and the corresponding auxiliary cutting edges are unequal.
Furthermore, the edge rounding size of the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge of the correction platform is 0.01-0.02 mm larger than that of the drill point of the drill bit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the chip flow direction of each step is effectively controlled by arranging a plurality of chip grooves and adopting a non-common groove design, and meanwhile, the bending size formed by cutting is controlled by arranging a correction platform on the step angle, so that the chip state is effectively controlled, the possible chip winding problem of multi-step long chip cutting with a large reducing ratio is practically avoided, stable and reliable cutting processing is ensured, and the processing efficiency is effectively improved, the cutter abrasion is reduced, and the processing cost is reduced; in addition, the chip breaking grooves are formed in the correction platform to effectively and forcedly break long chips, so that the state of the chips is further effectively controlled, the long chips are prevented from being intertwined, and continuous and stable cutting machining is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a chip cutting multi-step modified non-common flute drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view in partial enlarged section A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the first step angle I according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the second step angle II according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an axial rake angle of the correction stage at a first step angle in the direction B at III in FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the positions of chip breaking grooves formed on the correction platforms on the two lands of the first step angle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of positions of chip breaking grooves formed on the correction platforms on two lands of the second step angle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: the drill comprises a drill handle, a 2-drill body, a 21-first cylinder, a 22-second cylinder, a 23-third cylinder, a 3-main chip groove, an auxiliary 4-auxiliary chip groove, a 5-main groove cutting edge, a 6-drill tip, a 7-correction platform, an 8-correction platform, a 9-chip breaking groove, a 10-chip breaking groove, a 11-chip breaking groove and a 12-chip breaking groove.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-4, the long chip cutting multi-step correction non-common-groove drill bit comprises a drill shank 1, wherein the front end of the drill shank 1 is provided with a coaxial integrated drill body 2, the drill body 2 comprises at least three cylinders which are concentrically integrated from front to back, the embodiment is provided with three cylinders, namely a first cylinder 21 with a diameter D1, a second cylinder 22 with a diameter D2 and a third cylinder 23 with a diameter D3, and the diameters of the three cylinders are gradually increased from front to back, namely D1 is smaller than D2 and smaller than D3; the adjacent two cylinders are in transition connection through a step angle, namely, the first cylinder 21 is in transition connection with the second cylinder 22 through a first step angle I, and the second cylinder 22 is in transition connection with the third cylinder 23 through a second step angle II; in the embodiment, the diameter-changing ratio D2/D1 of the first step angle is larger than the diameter-changing ratio D3/D2 of the second step angle, so that a small cylinder at the first step angle with larger diameter is selected to be provided with a main chip groove, a large cylinder is selected to be provided with a secondary chip groove, namely, the periphery of the first cylinder 21 is provided with the main chip groove 3 so as to form two blade lobes on the first cylinder 21, the main chip groove 3 spirally extends backwards to the second cylinder 22 and the third cylinder 23, the periphery of the second cylinder 22 is provided with the secondary chip groove 4 at the same time, the secondary chip groove 4 extends towards two blade lobes of the first cylinder 21 so as to form a main groove cutting edge 5 on the first cylinder 21, and the secondary chip groove 4 extends towards the third cylinder at the rear; the cutting edges at the front end of the main flute lands 5 are symmetrically distributed and form drill tips 6.
The first step angle I and the second step angle II are respectively provided with a correction platform 7 and 8, and the axial width a of each correction platform 7 and 8 is not smaller than 0.3mm so as to ensure that the correction platforms have enough rigidity; referring to fig. 2 and 5, the axial rake angles β of the correction platforms 7 and 8 are both 0 ° to 15 ° and the radial rake angles α are both-25 ° to 0 °, wherein when the axial rake angle is smaller than 0 °, the negative axial rake angle is easy for the platforms to form an extrusion cutting edge, suppressing the chip discharge direction, drastically increasing the drill torque, and increasing the drill chipping risk; while positive axial rake angles are related to the in-groove rake angle and the helix angle, the land rake angle cannot structurally exceed the helix angle and the in-groove rake angle, or the land cannot be formed or the land structure is incomplete; the larger negative radial rake angle can interfere with the chip groove during processing, and a notch is easy to grind; when long chip materials are processed, a chip breaking mechanism is not arranged at the position of a drill bit correction platform, positive radial rake angles are easy to inhibit the chip discharging direction, chip discharging is disturbed, torque is increased, and the risk of crushing of the drill bit is increased.
The axial rake angle of the correction platform 7 is larger than the axial rake angle of the correction platform 8, and the radial rake angle of the correction platform 7 is smaller than the radial rake angle of the connection correction platform 8; through practical machining verification, the smaller the axial rake angle of the drill bit is, the more easily small spiral chips are formed when the radial rake angle of the drill bit is larger, and the more easily large spiral chips are formed on the contrary; therefore, in order to control the discharge flow direction of the long chips, the small steps are biased to have small axial rake angles and large radial rake angles so as to form small spiral chips; the large steps are biased to have large axial rake angles and small radial rake angles to form large spiral chips, so that the long chip spirals of each step can be controlled not to interfere with each other. Therefore, in the step hole machining process using the drill of the present embodiment, large spiral chips are generated at the first step angle i, and small spiral chips are generated at the second step angle ii.
The correction lands 7, 8 form correction land cutting edges on the corresponding step angles i, ii, respectively, wherein the cutting edge connected to the preceding cylinder is the main cutting edge of the correction land, and the following cylinder forms the minor cutting edge of the correction land.
Chip breaking grooves are respectively formed in the correction platforms of the corresponding step angles on the two edge lobes on the same step transition angle, as shown in fig. 6, chip breaking grooves 9 and 10 are respectively formed in the corresponding step correction platforms 7 on the two edge lobes on the first step, wherein fig. 6.1 shows the correction platform on one side of the secondary cutting edge on the first step, and fig. 6.2 shows the correction platform on the other side of the secondary cutting edge; referring to fig. 7, chip breaking grooves 11 and 12 are respectively arranged on the corresponding stepped correction platforms 8 on the two edge lands at the second step, wherein fig. 7.1 shows the correction platform on one side of the main cutting edge at the second step, and fig. 7.2 shows the correction platform on the other side of the main cutting edge; the depth h of the chip breaking grooves 9, 10, 11 and 12 is not more than 0.2mm, so that additional stress concentration is prevented from being formed on the correction platform; the distances l1 and l2 between the chip breaking grooves on the two edge-flap correction platforms on the same step and the corresponding main cutting edge and the corresponding auxiliary cutting edge are unequal, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, so that the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge are prevented from leaving notch marks on the part. In fig. 2, l is a length indication of the chip breaking groove, and the length l of the chip breaking groove depends on the axial width a of the corresponding correction platform and the diameter of the cylinder where the correction platform is located.
In addition, for long chip materials, the chip is heat treated to make the internal structure complex because of the large change of processing temperature, especially steel, and the circular arc-shaped cutting edge is more wear-resistant, in order to improve the rigidity of the cutting edge, the size of the cutting edge of the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge of the correction platform is 0.01-0.02 mm larger than the rounding of the cutting edge of the drill point of the drill bit so as to improve the wear resistance.
The foregoing describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a many ladder correction of long bits are non-common groove drill bit, it includes the drill shank, the front end of drill shank is equipped with coaxial integrative brill body, bore the body including from the front to the at least three cylinder of back concentric integrative just the diameter of three cylinder increases from front to the back gradually, passes through ladder angle transitional coupling between two adjacent cylinders, its characterized in that: the cutting tool comprises a main chip groove formed in the outer peripheral surface of a previous small-diameter cylinder of two adjacent cylinders with the largest diameter changing ratio, wherein the main chip groove is communicated and extends to all cylinders, an auxiliary chip groove is formed in the outer peripheral surface of a next large-diameter cylinder and extends backwards to all cylinders at the rear, the auxiliary chip groove extends forwards on the outer periphery of the previous cylinder to form a cutting edge of the cylinder, a correction platform with the axial width a not smaller than 0.3mm is respectively arranged on the large-diameter cylinder at each step angle transition part, the axial forward angle beta of each correction platform ranges from 0 degrees to 15 degrees, the radial forward angle alpha ranges from-25 degrees to 0 degrees, meanwhile, the axial forward angle of the step angle correction platform at the joint of the two cylinders with the large diameter changing ratio is larger than the axial forward angle of the step angle correction platform at the joint of the two cylinders with the small diameter changing ratio, and the radial forward angle of the step angle of the joint of the two cylinders with the large diameter changing ratio is smaller than the radial forward angle correction platform at the joint of the two cylinders with the small diameter changing ratio.
2. The chip cutting multi-step correction non-common flute drill bit of claim 1, wherein: and forming a new cutting edge on the correction platform, wherein the cutting edge connected with the previous cylinder is the main cutting edge of the correction platform, and forming a secondary cutting edge of the correction platform on the latter cylindrical surface.
3. The chip cutting multi-step correction non-common flute drill bit of claim 2, wherein: chip breaking grooves are respectively formed in corresponding correction platforms on two edge lobes on the same step angle, and the depth h of each chip breaking groove is not more than 0.2mm.
4. A chip cutting multi-step correction non-common flute drill bit according to claim 3, wherein: the distances l1 and l2 between chip breaking grooves on the correction platforms of the two blades on the same step angle and the corresponding main cutting blade and the corresponding auxiliary cutting blade are unequal.
5. The chip cutting multi-step correction non-common flute drill bit of claim 4, wherein: the edge rounding size of the main cutting edge and the auxiliary cutting edge of the correction platform is 0.01-0.02 mm larger than that of the drill tip of the drill bit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810101200.4A CN108188453B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit for long chip cutting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810101200.4A CN108188453B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit for long chip cutting |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108188453A CN108188453A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
| CN108188453B true CN108188453B (en) | 2023-11-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810101200.4A Active CN108188453B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | Multi-step correction non-common-flute drill bit for long chip cutting |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109108340A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-01 | 郑忆依 | A kind of logical counterbore combined drill |
| CN112222488A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-15 | 华东理工大学 | Stepped drill bit capable of changing chip removal flow direction |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003334709A (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-25 | Nippon Choko Kk | Stepped drill |
| CN102489753A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术股份有限公司 | Non-cogrooved step drill |
| CN102489765A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术股份有限公司 | Non-slot-shared step cutter |
| CN205324875U (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-22 | 苏州锑玛精密机械有限公司 | Process ladder reamer of soft -magnetic nonrust rigid connection pole hole |
| CN208341820U (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-01-08 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术有限公司 | A kind of long non-gouge bit altogether of bits cutting multi-ladder amendment |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE533679C2 (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-11-30 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Solid step drill |
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2018
- 2018-02-01 CN CN201810101200.4A patent/CN108188453B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003334709A (en) * | 2002-05-13 | 2003-11-25 | Nippon Choko Kk | Stepped drill |
| CN102489753A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术股份有限公司 | Non-cogrooved step drill |
| CN102489765A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-06-13 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术股份有限公司 | Non-slot-shared step cutter |
| CN205324875U (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-22 | 苏州锑玛精密机械有限公司 | Process ladder reamer of soft -magnetic nonrust rigid connection pole hole |
| CN208341820U (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-01-08 | 苏州阿诺精密切削技术有限公司 | A kind of long non-gouge bit altogether of bits cutting multi-ladder amendment |
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| CN108188453A (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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