CN107398599B

CN107398599B - Super-precision reamer

Info

Publication number: CN107398599B
Application number: CN201710846555.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴何洪; 张济沧; 张勇强
Original assignee: Suzhou Cmk Precision Cutting Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: D & M SUZHOU PREC CUTTING TOOLS Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-09-19
Filing date: 2017-09-19
Publication date: 2020-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-19
Also published as: CN107398599A

Abstract

A super-precision reamer comprises a handle part and a cutter head; the cutter head is provided with at least three chip grooves which are spirally arranged along the circumference of the cutter head, and a plurality of cutting edges are formed on the cutter head; wherein the spiral angles of the cutting edges are different from each other; when the number of the cutting edges is an odd number which is more than or equal to three, the grooving angles of the chip grooves are different; when the number of the chip grooves is even and is more than or equal to four, the grooving angles of the symmetrical chip grooves are the same, the other chip grooves are different, and the sum of the grooving angles of the chip grooves positioned on the same side of the radial central line of the cutter head is 180 degrees; the back of each blade is provided with at least two sections of cutting edge zones, and a fall is formed between two adjacent sections of cutting edge zones, so that the cutting edge zones are arranged in a step shape from front to back from low to high; the cutting edge zone of the last section is a long edge zone and is subjected to edging treatment, and other cutting edge zones are short edge zones and are not edged. The invention has the advantages of good processing stability, high processing efficiency, high smoothness and high precision of the processed hole, and the service life of the cutter is long.

Description

Super-precision reamer

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cutter used for machining, in particular to a super-precision reamer for machining a cylindrical deep hole.

Background

The reamer is a tool for finish machining and semi-rough machining of holes and can be applied to CNC machining centers. Because the existing reamer has defects in structural design, when a cylindrical deep hole with high machining precision requirement is machined, the machining precision is difficult to improve, the tolerance precision is usually more than 0.015mm, and if the tolerance precision is reduced to be less than 0.015mm, the machining precision cannot be ensured.

Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a super-precision reamer.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a super-precision reamer comprises a handle part and a cutter head connected to the front end of the handle part; wherein:

at least three chip grooves are formed in the cutter head in an unequal manner along the length direction of the reamer, and each chip groove is spirally formed along the circumference of the cutter head to form a plurality of cutting edges with the number equal to that of the chip grooves;

wherein the helix angle of each cutting edge is different from each other;

when the number of the cutting edges is an odd number which is more than or equal to three, the grooving angles of the chip grooves are different; when the number of the cutting edges is even number which is more than or equal to four, the flute angles of the mutually centrosymmetric flutes are the same, the flute angles of the non-centrosymmetric flutes are different, and the sum of the flute angles of the flutes positioned on the same side of the radial central line of the cutter head is 180 degrees;

at least two sections of cutting edge zones are arranged on the back of each blade along the extending direction of the blade from front to back, a fall is formed between every two adjacent cutting edge zones, and the cutting edge zones are arranged in a step shape from front to back in the extending direction of the blade from low to high;

each cutting land preceding the last segment is a short land and is not edged, except that the cutting land of the last segment is a long land and is edged.

The relevant content in the above technical solution is explained as follows:

1. in the scheme, through the design that the chip grooves are unequally arranged and the spiral angles of the cutting edges are different from each other, the vibration generated by the cutter during cutting can be reduced to the maximum extent, so that the processing stability is improved, and the straightness and the roundness of the processed hole are ensured. Each helix angle is less than 70 degrees.

2. In the scheme, the cutting amount of the short blade zone which is closer to the front is larger, the design without edge cutting is favorable for carrying out long-time reliable rough machining, and the long blade zone at the last section is used for carrying out fine machining; furthermore, the step-shaped design enables the working procedure of hole machining to be gradually advanced from coarse to fine, so that the purpose of ultra-precision machining is achieved, and the tolerance precision is enabled to be below 0.015 mm.

3. In the above-described embodiment, the cutting edge width of the cutting edge land in each even-numbered blade is larger than the cutting edge width of the cutting edge land in each odd-numbered blade. The stability when wider edging width is used for increasing the cutting, and narrower edging width is used for reducing the cutting resistance, makes the cutting more light and fast, avoids the wearing and tearing of cutter, and then extension cutter life, and both crisscross settings are in order to realize light and steady cutting.

4. In the above scheme, the length of the cutting edge is smaller than that of the chip removal groove, so that chips can be removed conveniently.

5. In the above scheme, the front end of each cutting edge zone is obliquely arranged to form a chamfer. The inclination angle of the chamfer is adjusted according to the material of the processed material, and the chamfer has the significance of convenient cutting.

6. In the above scheme, the rear end outer edge of the cutter head is subjected to sharp point blunting. When the depth of the machined hole is larger than the length of the tool bit, the hole wall can be prevented from being damaged.

7. In the scheme, the reamer can be cooled externally and internally, and can be made of integral hard alloy or welding hard alloy.

8. In the scheme, the reamer can be arranged in a left-handed mode or a right-handed mode.

The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows:

the invention relates to a super-precision reamer, which comprises a handle part and a cutter head; the cutter head is provided with at least three chip grooves which are spirally arranged along the circumference of the cutter head, and a plurality of cutting edges are formed on the cutter head; wherein the spiral angles of the cutting edges are different from each other; when the number of the cutting edges is an odd number which is more than or equal to three, the grooving angles of the chip grooves are different; when the number of the cutting edges is even number which is more than or equal to four, the flute angles of the mutually centrosymmetric flutes are the same, the flute angles of the non-centrosymmetric flutes are different, and the sum of the flute angles of the flutes which are positioned on the same side of the radial central line of the cutter head is 180 degrees; the back of each blade is provided with at least two sections of cutting edge zones, and a fall is formed between two adjacent sections of cutting edge zones, so that the cutting edge zones are arranged in a step shape from front to back from low to high; the cutting edge zone of the last section is a long edge zone and is subjected to edging treatment, and other cutting edge zones are short edge zones and are not edged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can meet the precision requirement that the tolerance of a processing hole is below 0.015mm, is particularly suitable for processing various metals, and solves the problem of low efficiency of the prior processing by the boring cutter; in conclusion, the invention has the advantages of good processing stability, high processing efficiency, high smoothness and high precision of the processed hole, and the service life of the cutter is long. Can replace an inlet cutter, and has considerable economy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the left end of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the slot angle of the embodiment of the present invention;

figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the land opening width of an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above drawings: 1. a handle; 2. a cutter head; 3. a chip groove; 4. a blade; 41. even number of blades; 42. odd number blades; 5. short cutting margin; 6. short cutting margin; 7. a long cutting margin; 8. edging; 9. chamfering; 10. the sharp point is blunted.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

example (b): referring to fig. 1-5, the super-precision reamer comprises a handle 1 and a cutter head 2 connected to the front end of the handle 1; wherein:

six chip grooves 3 are formed in the cutter head 2 in an unequal manner along the length direction of the reamer, and each chip groove 3 is spirally formed along the circumference of the cutter head 2 to form six cutting edges 4 on the cutter head 2; the length of cutting edge 4 is less than the length of chip groove 3 to the chip removal is convenient.

As shown in fig. 4, the helix angles of the cutting edges 4 are different from each other, and the flute angles of the mutually centrosymmetric flutes 3 are the same, the flute angles (B1, B2, B3) of the non-centrosymmetric flutes 3 are different from each other, and the sum (B1 + B2+ B3) of the flute angles of the flutes on the same side of the radial center line of the cutting head 2 is 180 degrees; through the design that the chip grooves 3 are arranged in unequal intervals and the spiral angles of the cutting edges 4 are different from each other, the vibration generated by the cutter during cutting can be reduced to the maximum extent, so that the processing stability is improved, and the straightness and the roundness of the processed hole are ensured. Each helix angle (B1, B2, B3) is less than 70 degrees.

The back of each blade 4 is provided with three sections of cutting edge zones 5-7 from front to back along the extending direction of the blade 4, and a fall is formed between two adjacent sections of cutting edge zones, so that the cutting edge zones are arranged in a step shape from front to back along the extending direction of the blade 4; each of the cutting lands preceding the last segment is a

short land

5, 6 and is not edged, except that the cutting land of the last segment is a long land 7 and is edged.

The cutting amount of the

short blade zones

5 and 6 which are more forward is larger, the design without edge cutting is beneficial to carrying out reliable rough machining for a long time, and the long blade zone 7 at the last section is subjected to edge cutting 8 for carrying out fine machining; furthermore, the step-shaped design enables the working procedure of hole machining to be gradually advanced from coarse to fine, so that the purpose of ultra-precision machining is achieved, and the tolerance precision is enabled to be below 0.015 mm.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cutting width of the cutting edge 5-7 of the even-numbered cutting edge 41 is larger than the cutting width of the cutting edge 5-7 of the odd-numbered cutting edge 42. The stability when wider edging width is used for increasing the cutting, and narrower edging width is used for reducing the cutting resistance, makes the cutting more light and fast, avoids the wearing and tearing of cutter, and then extension cutter life, and both crisscross settings are in order to realize light and steady cutting.

Wherein, the front end of each cutting edge zone 5-7 is obliquely arranged to form a chamfer 9. The inclination angle of the chamfer 9 is adjusted according to the material of the processed material, and the chamfer 9 is convenient to cut.

The rear outer edge of the cutter head 2 is subjected to sharp point blunting 10. When the depth of the machined hole is larger than the length of the tool bit 2, the hole wall can be prevented from being damaged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can meet the precision requirement that the tolerance of a processing hole is below 0.015mm, is particularly suitable for processing various metals, and solves the problem of low efficiency of the prior processing by the boring cutter; in conclusion, the invention has the advantages of good processing stability, high processing efficiency, high smoothness and high precision of the processed hole, and the service life of the cutter is long.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A super-precision reamer comprises a handle part and a cutter head connected to the front end of the handle part; the method is characterized in that:

wherein the helical angles of the cutting edges are different from each other, and the helical angles are less than 70 degrees;

except that the cutting edge zone of the last section is a long edge zone and is subjected to edging treatment, each cutting edge zone positioned before the last section is a short edge zone and is not edged;

the opening width of the cutting edge zone in each even number of the blades is larger than the opening width of the cutting edge zone in each odd number of the blades;

the length of the cutting edge is smaller than that of the chip groove;

the front end of each cutting edge is obliquely arranged to form a chamfer;

and the outer edge of the rear end of the cutter head is subjected to sharp point blunting.