CN108186957B - 一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108186957B CN108186957B CN201810160165.3A CN201810160165A CN108186957B CN 108186957 B CN108186957 B CN 108186957B CN 201810160165 A CN201810160165 A CN 201810160165A CN 108186957 B CN108186957 B CN 108186957B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法，本配方中诸药配伍，通过阻断多个病理环节的恶性循环，显示出该药多靶点、多环节的整体治疗优势，对家禽由各种原因造成的急慢性呼吸道疾病及肺脏水肿坏死、气管堵塞、肺堵塞等症均具有极好的防治效果。本发明所述的治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物，专门用于防治家禽由支原体、病毒、冷热应激、疫苗反应等引起的急慢性呼吸道疾病及肺脏水肿坏死、气管堵塞、肺堵塞等多病因呼吸系统疾病，不仅解决了抗生素治疗范围过于单一、效果不确切的缺点，还具有毒性低、无残留、无耐药性、使用方便、价格便宜等优势，具有良好的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物，特别涉及一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，家禽呼吸系统疾病不断出现新的变化，病因也越来越复杂，由原来单纯的支原体感染转变成由禽流感、传染性支气管炎等病毒性疾病、支原体、大肠杆菌、冷热应激等不利环境因素及免疫接种等多病因引发，临床症状主要表现为咳嗽、喘鸣，病理变化主要表现为气管有黏液性渗出物，支气管堵塞、肺堵塞，肺脏水肿坏死，发病严重的鸡群死亡率可达20％-30％，给家禽养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。
目前对于此病的治疗主要以化药和抗生素为主，存在治疗范围窄、耐药性严重、效果不确切的缺陷，缺少一种治疗效果显著、生物安全性能好的纯中药制剂，因此严重制约了家禽养殖业的发展。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种制备简单、针对性强、疗效显著且无毒副作用的治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法；以止咳平喘、润肺化痰、养阴清热为组方原则，方中麻黄宣肺解表平喘，牛蒡子疏散风热，两药相配，既能宣肺，又能清热，共为君药，具有很好的治疗作用和良好的市场前景，解除了家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病带来的各种不适。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的：
一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物，其活性成分由以下重量份数的原料制成：
麻黄9-11份，桑叶2-4份，桔梗4-6份，前胡2-4份，苦杏仁1-3份，瓜蒌6-8份，浙贝母3-5份，款冬花3-5份，百部1-3份，射干1-3份，牛蒡子2-4份，金银花2-4份，连翘3-5份，白芨2-4份，五味子1-3份，山药14-16份，陈皮1-3份，甘草3-5份；
还包括以下重量份数的辅料：由木质磺酸和小分子有机酸组成的酸化剂。
优选配比为：麻黄10份，桑叶3份，桔梗5份，前胡3份，苦杏仁2份，瓜蒌7份，浙贝母4份，款冬花4份，百部2份，射干2份，牛蒡子3份，金银花3份，连翘4份，白芨3份，五味子2份，山药15份，陈皮2份，甘草4份；
还包括以下重量份数的辅料：由木质磺酸和小分子有机酸组成的酸化剂。
一种如上所述的治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按上述比例称取麻黄、桑叶、桔梗、前胡、苦杏仁、瓜蒌、浙贝母、款冬花、百部、射干、牛蒡子、金银花、连翘、白芨、五味子、山药、陈皮、甘草，去杂质后得混合物备用；
(2)将步骤(1)得到的混合物置于多功能提取罐中，首次加10倍量饮用水，浸泡1小时，加热煮沸后保持微沸1.5小时得提取液，然后将提取液输送至双层保温储液罐中，二次加水，此次加8倍量饮用水，加热煮沸后保持微沸1小时得提取液，再将提取液输送至双层保温储液罐中得混合溶液；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合溶液输送至双效真空浓缩器中，其温度为60℃，压力为-0.04MPa，热回流提取浓缩3小时，浓缩至1：1，过滤得浓缩液，将制得的浓缩液输送至上清液储罐中；
(4)取步骤(3)得到的上清液储罐中的浓缩液45L和5L酸化剂加入配液罐中，再加入0.05kg苯甲酸钠，然后调节其PH值到3.7～5.3范围内，加纯化水定容至50L，充分搅拌至均匀得配置后的药液；
(5)取步骤(4)制得的药液通过0.45μm微孔过滤器循环过滤15分钟后得黄棕色至棕黄色的澄明滤液，申请中检得中检合格后的半成品待用；
(6)取步骤(5)中检合格后的半成品进行循环过滤后的过滤液，用灌装轧盖机进行灌装，密封，即得中药组合物。
本发明治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物的用法用量：每1L饮用水用本品1.25ml。
本发明所采用的各活性成分的药理功效如下所示：
本发明以止咳平喘、润肺化痰、养阴清热为组方原则，方中麻黄宣肺解表平喘，牛蒡子疏散风热，两药相配，既能宣肺，又能清热，共为君药。桑叶、桔梗宣肺以散邪，前胡、苦杏仁降肺以止咳平喘，瓜蒌、浙贝母清肺以化痰，款冬花、百部养阴以润肺，这些药或宣，或降，或清，或润，共为臣药。射干清热利咽化痰，金银花、连翘清热解毒，白芨生肌止血，五味子收敛肺气，山药调补肺脾肾，陈皮健脾理气化痰，共为佐药。甘草甘平，既润肺止咳，又调和诸药，为使药。而酸化剂能使鸡的气管、支气管内的淡黄色干酪样凝固物变软、变稀，这对于减少因上呼吸道病引起的分泌物堵塞气管和肺，造成窒息死亡具有十分重要意义，同时还能剌激气管腺体的分泌，有利于炎性渗出物的排除和上呼吸道疾患的康复。
本配方中诸药配伍，通过阻断多个病理环节的恶性循环，显示出该药多靶点、多环节的整体治疗优势，对家禽由各种原因造成的急慢性呼吸道疾病及肺脏水肿坏死、气管堵塞、肺堵塞等症均具有极好的防治效果。
本发明所述的治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物，专门用于防治家禽由支原体、病毒、冷热应激、疫苗反应等引起的急慢性呼吸道疾病及肺脏水肿坏死、气管堵塞、肺堵塞等多病因呼吸系统疾病，不仅解决了抗生素治疗范围过于单一、效果不确切的缺点，还具有毒性低、无残留、无耐药性、使用方便、价格便宜等优势，具有良好的市场前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于此。
实施例1：
一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法，由下列药物组成，每份按1公斤计，采用如下步骤：
(1)分别称取各中药饮片麻黄10公斤，桑叶3公斤，桔梗5公斤，前胡3公斤，苦杏仁2公斤，瓜蒌7公斤，浙贝母4公斤，款冬花4公斤，百部2公斤，射干2公斤，牛蒡子3公斤，金银花3公斤，连翘4公斤，白芨3公斤，五味子2公斤，山药15公斤，陈皮2公斤，甘草4公斤，去杂质后备用；
(2)将所述重量份数的上述中药饮片，置于多功能提取罐中，首次加10倍量饮用水，浸泡1小时，加热煮沸后保持微沸1.5小时得提取液，然后将提取液输送至双层保温储液罐中，二次加水，此次加8倍量饮用水，加热煮沸后保持微沸1小时得提取液，再将提取液输送至双层保温储液罐中得混合溶液；
(3)将得到的混合溶液输送至双效真空浓缩器中，期温度为60℃，压力为-0.04MPa，热回流提取浓缩3小时，浓缩至1：1，过滤得浓缩液，将制得的浓缩液输送至上清液储罐中；
(4)取上述得到的上清液储罐中的浓缩液45L和5L酸化剂加入配液罐中，再加入0.05kg苯甲酸钠，然后调节其PH值到3.7～5.3范围内，加纯化水定容至50L，充分搅拌至均匀得配置后的药液；
(5)取上述步骤制得的药液通过0.45μm微孔过滤器循环过滤15分钟后得黄棕色至棕黄色的澄明滤液，申请中检得中检合格后的半成品待用；
(6)取上述步骤中检合格后的半成品进行循环过滤后的过滤液，用灌装轧盖机进行灌装，密封，即得中药组合物。
实施例2：
一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法，由下列药物组成，每份按1公斤计，采用如下步骤：
分别称取麻黄9公斤，桑叶2公斤，桔梗4公斤，前胡2公斤，苦杏仁1公斤，瓜蒌6公斤，浙贝母3公斤，款冬花3公斤，百部1公斤，射干1公斤，牛蒡子2公斤，金银花2公斤，连翘3公斤，白芨2公斤，五味子1公斤，山药14公斤，陈皮1公斤，甘草3公斤，去杂质后备用；
其制备方法，按实施例1进行。
实施例3：
一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物及其制备方法，由下列药物组成，每份按1公斤计，采用如下步骤：
分别称取麻黄11公斤，桑叶4公斤，桔梗6公斤，前胡4公斤，苦杏仁3公斤，瓜蒌8公斤，浙贝母5公斤，款冬花5公斤，百部3公斤，射干3公斤，牛蒡子4公斤，金银花4公斤，连翘5公斤，白芨4公斤，五味子3公斤，山药16公斤，陈皮3公斤，甘草5公斤，去杂质后备用。
其制备方法，按实施例1进行。
试验效果观察
按照农业部《实验临床试验技术规范(试行)》[(1992)农(牧药)字第99号]进行了动物试验，试验情况报告如下：
(1)试验药品：将本发明实施例1所配制的治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物提取液按照每1L饮用水加本品1.25ml；
对照药品：酒石酸泰乐菌素；
盐酸多西环素；
硫氰酸红霉素。
(2)试验动物：由于多病因呼吸系统疾病的病原复杂多样，很难在实验室条件下复制出该病动物模型，根据临床症状和实验室检测方法对临床病例的诊断，2017年9月－2017年11月选用了聊城、临沂、烟台等地确诊为多病因呼吸系统疾病的4个鸡群(16栋鸡舍，约16万只鸡)作为试验动物；
(3)疗效判定标准：
投药后，症状消失的天数；死亡只数；投药3、5、7天后鸡的剖检病理变化及组织学变化来判定药物的治疗效果。
试验结果：见下表
本发明实施例1所制的治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物(以下简称本发明中药组合物)对家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的治疗效果：
从上表可以看出，本发明实施例1所制的中药组合物对确诊为多病因呼吸系统疾病的4个鸡群皆有良好的治疗作用，治疗周期短，死亡率低，鸡群恢复好，而选用的其他对照药品，治疗效果较差，还发生了大肠杆菌等继发感染，尤其对临1、烟1鸡群，对照药品基本没有治疗效果。
(4)安全性试验：
选取健康鸡60只，依照本发明实施例1所配制的中药组合物推荐量的10倍剂量饮水5天。用药期间，健康鸡没有任何不良或异常行为表现，采食正常，体重增加和空白对照组差异不显著。
上述具体实施方式不能作为对本发明保护范围的限制，对于本技术领域的技术人员来说，对本发明实施方式所做出的任何替代改进或变换均落在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明未详述之处，均为本技术领域技术人员的公知技术。
Claims (2)
1.一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物，其特征是：其活性成分由以下重量份数的原料制成：
麻黄9-11份，桑叶2-4份，桔梗4-6份，前胡2-4份，苦杏仁1-3份，瓜蒌6-8份，浙贝母3-5份，款冬花3-5份，百部1-3份，射干1-3份，牛蒡子2-4份，金银花2-4份，连翘3-5份，白芨2-4份，五味子1-3份，山药14-16份，陈皮1-3份，甘草3-5份；
还包括以下重量份数的辅料：由木质磺酸和小分子有机酸组成的酸化剂；
所述中药组合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按上述所述的比例称取麻黄、桑叶、桔梗、前胡、苦杏仁、瓜蒌、浙贝母、款冬花、百部、射干、牛蒡子、金银花、连翘、白芨、五味子、山药、陈皮、甘草，去杂质后得混合物备用；
(2)将步骤(1)得到的混合物置于多功能提取罐中，首次加10倍量饮用水，浸泡1小时，加热煮沸后保持微沸1.5小时得提取液，然后将提取液输送至双层保温储液罐中，二次加水，此次加8倍量饮用水，加热煮沸后保持微沸1小时得提取液，再将提取液输送至双层保温储液罐中得混合溶液；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的混合溶液输送至双效真空浓缩器中，其温度为60℃，压力为-0.04MPa，热回流提取浓缩3小时，浓缩至1：1，过滤得浓缩液，将制得的浓缩液输送至上清液储罐中；
(4)取步骤(3)得到的上清液储罐中的浓缩液45L和5L酸化剂加入配液罐中，再加入0.05kg苯甲酸钠，然后调节其PH值到3.7～5.3范围内，加纯化水定容至50L，充分搅拌至均匀得配置后的药液；
(5)取步骤(4)制得的药液通过0.45μm微孔过滤器循环过滤15分钟后得黄棕色至棕黄色的澄明滤液，申请中检得中检合格后的半成品待用；
(6)取步骤(5)中检合格后的半成品进行循环过滤后的过滤液，用灌装轧盖机进行灌装，密封，即得中药组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗家禽多病因呼吸系统疾病的中药组合物，其特征是：其活性成分由以下重量份数的原料制成：
麻黄10份，桑叶3份，桔梗5份，前胡3份，苦杏仁2份，瓜蒌7份，浙贝母4份，款冬花4份，百部2份，射干2份，牛蒡子3份，金银花3份，连翘4份，白芨3份，五味子2份，山药15份，陈皮2份，甘草4份；
还包括以下重量份数的辅料：由木质磺酸和小分子有机酸组成的酸化剂。
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