CN108179625B - 一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法 - Google Patents

一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法 Download PDF

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CN108179625B
CN108179625B CN201711465599.6A CN201711465599A CN108179625B CN 108179625 B CN108179625 B CN 108179625B CN 201711465599 A CN201711465599 A CN 201711465599A CN 108179625 B CN108179625 B CN 108179625B
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程丹彤
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Ningbo Sando Knitting Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，为采用溶胀离解高分子材料的方法制备高密度面料，首先取涤棉面料在酸性条件下双氧水洗涤，然后采用偶极溶剂进行溶胀溶解处理，最后加入交联剂让排列更为紧密；所述制备方法配合高温高压印染处理技术，提高了面料其它性能指标。各物质配方组成优选为：涤棉面料30‑40份、酸1‑2份、双氧水2‑4份、二甲亚砜5‑10份、六甲基磷酰胺1‑2份、2,4‑二羟基吡啶4‑6份、4‑羟甲基苯基硼酸0.5‑1份、Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂0.2‑0.4份、交联剂0.1‑0.5份。

Description

一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种面料，尤其涉及一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法。
背景技术
目前市场上的超细纤维高密度面料有很多种，从面料形态上来看，包括机织和针织，其中机织类面料虽然挺括性好，但弹性不足，穿着舒适性受到影响；而针织类面料虽然弹性好，但过于柔软，挺括性欠缺，需要在后整理加工时追加硬挺树脂加工来进行改善，耐久性不好。
国内诸多科研院所对制造涤锦超高密度针织面料做了大量研究，均采用碱减量法、弱酸开纤法、缩纤裂离法等。均对超高密度化织物的探求技术方法，但效果均不理想。其原因是这些生产方法使用的碱减量等开纤工艺只对组份中的涤纶纤维的起作用且分离作用很小；弱酸开纤法、缩纤裂离法对聚酰胺6缩纤作用只能使聚酯或聚酰胺6纤维轻微的裂解分离，这点通过100倍放大镜观察纤维的散乱程度，多数线圈状态仍然抱合呈“束状”。证实更不是所谓的“超高密度化织物”技术，尤其是面料内部的两组分纤维未高度分离，以及卷曲高密度化效果几乎没有，物理化学吸附性能也随之降低很多，达不到涤锦超高密度针织面料技术指标。
中国专利CN201710701560.3公开高纱支高密度的针织面料及其制造方法，针织面料的纱支有200英支～360英支的棉纱线，针织面料经向刚柔度达到84mm～88mm，其纬向刚柔度达到89mm～95mm；根据GB/T 19976-2005法测得针织面料压力强度达到687kpa～728kpa；根据JIS L 1930C4M法测得针织面料洗经向洗水缩率-0.3％～-1.0％，其纬向洗水缩率-1.6％～-2.7％。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的缺点和不足，本发明旨在提供一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法。
所述的制备超高密度针织面料的方法，为采用溶胀离解高分子材料的方法制备高密度面料，首先取涤棉面料在酸性条件下双氧水洗涤，然后采用偶极溶剂进行溶胀溶解处理，最后加入交联剂让排列更为紧密；所述制备方法配合高温高压印染处理技术，提高了面料其它性能指标。
本发明采用以下技术方案，所述的制备超高密度针织面料的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)氧化与溶胀溶解处理：取涤棉面料加入至高温高压溢流染色机内，首先加入酸、双氧水，加热至50～80℃进行氧化处理20～50min，然后加入大量醇溶剂洗涤至中性；然后向其中加入二甲亚砜、六甲基磷酰胺、2,4-二羟基吡啶、4-羟甲基苯基硼酸，然后加入Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂，并缓慢升温至100～105℃，保温20～50min让布料充分溶胀并溶解，得溶胀溶解液。
(2)交联处理：向溶胀溶解液中加入交联剂，添加完毕后逐渐升温至105～115℃，反应保温20～50min后，降温至60～65℃，然后经排液及常规的皂洗、热水洗、清水洗后经针织，得所述的超高密度针织面料。
所述的Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂得制备方法为：在反应器中加入10～15重量份的N,N-二(三氟甲基)全氟癸烷基叔胺、3～5重量份的1,4-二溴基苯加入至10～15重量份的有机溶剂中，充分溶解均匀加热至100～110℃，保温反应8～12h，冷却后减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂即得所述的Gemini型含氟阳离子表面活性剂；所述的有机溶剂为甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、汽油中的至少一种。
所述的双氧水质量分数为20％-30％。
所述的酸为盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、草酸、醋酸、柠檬酸中的至少一种，所述酸的浓度为1-6mol/L。
所述的交联剂为交联剂为三乙醇胺、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙醇胺、γ-二乙烯三胺丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-三乙烯四胺丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷中的至少一种。
所述的制备超高密度针织面料的方法中，各物质配方以重量份计，组成为：涤棉面料30-40份、酸1-2份、双氧水2-4份、二甲基亚砜5-10份、六甲基磷酰胺1-2份、2,4-二羟基吡啶4-6份、4-羟甲基苯基硼酸0.5-1份、Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂0.2-0.4份、交联剂0.1-0.5份。
本发明的原理为：2,4-二羟基吡啶是涤棉面料棉纤维的离解剂及氢离子缓释剂，2,4-二羟基吡啶在高温下电离出少量氢离子，使染色机中的液体显弱酸性，阻隔了棉纤维分子间作用力；二甲亚砜、六甲基磷酰胺作为偶极溶剂使棉纤维转变为无定型分子，溶胀和破坏分子间作用力；交联剂是增强纤维与棉的交叉，使排布更加紧凑有序；高温高压染色机对涤纶的收缩、棉纤维的溶胀离解，产生空间位移差，处于溶胀的棉纤维与螺旋状的涤纶发生高位移卷曲分离，产生更紧凑的微观排布，显微镜下可以看到“菊花瓣”散开现象，即得到超高密度的涤棉面料；本发明Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂，杀菌效率更高，且由于其表面张力更低，使得交联后的面料排布更加致密，密度亦更大。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法做进一步的描述。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关发明，而非对该发明的限定。
实施例1
一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)氧化与溶胀溶解处理：取30份涤棉面料加入至高温高压溢流染色机内，首先加入1份1mol/L盐酸、4份20％双氧水，加热至80℃进行氧化处理20min，然后加入大量醇溶剂洗涤至中性；然后向其中加入5份二甲基亚砜、2份六甲基磷酰胺、4份2,4-二羟基吡啶、1份4-羟甲基苯基硼酸，然后加入Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂，并缓慢升温至105℃，保温20min让布料充分溶胀并溶解，得溶胀溶解液。
(2)交联处理：向溶胀溶解液中加入0.2份γ-三乙烯四胺丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷，添加完毕后逐渐升温至115℃，反应保温20min后，降温至60℃，然后经排液及常规的皂洗、热水洗、清水洗后经针织，得所述的超高密度针织面料。
本实施例所述的Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂得制备方法为：在反应器中加入10重量份的N,N-二(三氟甲基)全氟癸烷基叔胺、3重量份的1,4-二溴基苯加入至10重量份的甲苯中，充分溶解均匀加热至100℃，保温反应8h，冷却后减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂即得所述的Gemini型含氟阳离子表面活性剂。
每平方英寸中经密和纬密的根数相加达到195根，在行业标准上超过了规定的182根。在显微镜下放大100倍观察面料全部呈现“菊花瓣”散开现象，得到超高密度的涤棉。
实施例2
一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)氧化与溶胀溶解处理：取40份涤棉面料加入至高温高压溢流染色机内，首先加入1.5份4mol/L草酸、3份30％双氧水，加热至50℃进行氧化处理50min，然后加入大量醇溶剂洗涤至中性；然后向其中加入10份二甲基亚砜、1份六甲基磷酰胺、6份2,4-二羟基吡啶、1份4-羟甲基苯基硼酸，然后加入Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂，并缓慢升温至100℃，保温50min让布料充分溶胀并溶解，得溶胀溶解液。
(2)交联处理：向溶胀溶解液中加入0.5份三乙醇胺，添加完毕后逐渐升温至105℃，反应保温50min后，降温至65℃，然后经排液及常规的皂洗、热水洗、清水洗后经针织，得所述的超高密度针织面料。
本实施例中所述的Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂得制备方法为：在反应器中加入15重量份的N,N-二(三氟甲基)全氟癸烷基叔胺、5重量份的1,4-二溴基苯加入至15重量份的石油醚中，充分溶解均匀加热至110℃，保温反应12h，冷却后减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂即得所述的Gemini型含氟阳离子表面活性剂。
每平方英寸中经密和纬密的根数相加达到193根，在行业标准上超过了规定的180根。在显微镜下放大100倍观察面料全部呈现“菊花瓣”散开现象，得到超高密度的涤棉。
实施例3
一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)氧化与溶胀溶解处理：取33份涤棉面料加入至高温高压溢流染色机内，首先加入2份6mol/L醋酸、3份25％双氧水，加热至56℃进行氧化处理40min，然后加入大量醇溶剂洗涤至中性；然后向其中加入8份二甲基亚砜、1.4份六甲基磷酰胺、4.5份2,4-二羟基吡啶、0.6份4-羟甲基苯基硼酸，然后加入Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂，并缓慢升温至102℃，保温40min让布料充分溶胀并溶解，得溶胀溶解液。
(2)交联处理：向溶胀溶解液中加入0.1份三乙胺，添加完毕后逐渐升温至110℃，反应保温30min后，降温至62℃，然后经排液及常规的皂洗、热水洗、清水洗后经针织，得所述的超高密度针织面料。
本实施例中所述的Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂得制备方法为：在反应器中加入11重量份的N,N-二(三氟甲基)全氟癸烷基叔胺、3.6重量份的1,4-二溴基苯加入至13重量份的二甲苯中，充分溶解均匀加热至108℃，保温反应9h，冷却后减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂即得所述的Gemini型含氟阳离子表面活性剂。
经第三方检测面料的每平方英寸中经密和纬密的根数相加达到196根，在行业标准上超过了规定的184根。在显微镜下放大100倍观察面料全部呈现“菊花瓣”散开现象，得到超高密度的涤棉。

Claims (6)

1.一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)氧化与溶胀溶解处理：取涤棉面料加入至高温高压溢流染色机内，首先加入酸、双氧水，加热至50～80℃进行氧化处理20～50min，然后加入大量醇溶剂洗涤至中性；然后向其中加入二甲亚砜、六甲基磷酰胺、2,4-二羟基吡啶、4-羟甲基苯基硼酸，然后加入Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂，并缓慢升温至100～105℃，保温20～50min让布料充分溶胀并溶解，得溶胀溶解液；
(2)交联处理：向溶胀溶解液中加入交联剂，添加完毕后逐渐升温至105～115℃，反应保温20～50min后，降温至60～65℃，然后经排液及常规的皂洗、热水洗、清水洗后经针织，得所述的超高密度针织面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，其特征在于，所述的Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂得制备方法为：在反应器中加入10～15重量份的N,N-二(三氟甲基)全氟癸烷基叔胺、3～5重量份的1,4-二溴基苯加入至10～15重量份的有机溶剂中，充分溶解均匀加热至100～110℃，保温反应8～12h，冷却后减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂即得所述的Gemini型含氟阳离子表面活性剂；所述的有机溶剂为甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、汽油中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，其特征在于，所述的双氧水质量分数为20％-30％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，其特征在于，所述的酸为盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、草酸、醋酸、柠檬酸中的至少一种，所述酸的浓度为1-6mol/L。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，其特征在于，所述的交联剂为交联剂为三乙醇胺、三乙胺、三甲胺、三丙醇胺、γ-二乙烯三胺丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、γ-三乙烯四胺丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备超高密度针织面料的方法，其特征在于，各物质配方以重量份计，组成为：涤棉面料30-40份、酸1-2份、双氧水2-4份、二甲基亚砜5-10份、六甲基磷酰胺1-2份、2,4-二羟基吡啶4-6份、4-羟甲基苯基硼酸0.5-1份、Gemini型全氟阳离子表面活性剂0.2-0.4份、交联剂0.1-0.5份。
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JP2000303357A (ja) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-31 Toray Ind Inc 抗菌性繊維構造物
CN105019235A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-11-04 辽宁腾达集团股份有限公司 一种制造超高密度化针织面料的方法
CN106799191A (zh) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-06 汕头大学 一类双子型氟碳表面活性剂及其合成方法
CN107419419A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-12-01 上海新倩实业有限公司 高纱支高密度的针织面料及其制造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000303357A (ja) * 1999-04-14 2000-10-31 Toray Ind Inc 抗菌性繊維構造物
CN105019235A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-11-04 辽宁腾达集团股份有限公司 一种制造超高密度化针织面料的方法
CN106799191A (zh) * 2017-01-04 2017-06-06 汕头大学 一类双子型氟碳表面活性剂及其合成方法
CN107419419A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-12-01 上海新倩实业有限公司 高纱支高密度的针织面料及其制造方法

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