CN108168752B - Decomposition test method for sliding resistance of whole passenger vehicle - Google Patents
Decomposition test method for sliding resistance of whole passenger vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108168752B CN108168752B CN201711118316.0A CN201711118316A CN108168752B CN 108168752 B CN108168752 B CN 108168752B CN 201711118316 A CN201711118316 A CN 201711118316A CN 108168752 B CN108168752 B CN 108168752B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/28—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for testing brakes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a decomposition test method for sliding resistance of a whole passenger vehicle, which comprises the following steps: preparing parameters of a finished automobile and a transmission system; and B: performing a road sliding test; and C: testing a chassis dynamometer; step D: testing a four-wheel drive five-motor; step d 1: calculating the rolling resistance of the tire according to the test results of the step C and the step D; step d 2: brake caliper drag force and hub shaft bearing force test; step E: and (5) performing a two-drive three-motor drive test. The method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of the whole passenger vehicle can be applied to research, development and verification of vehicles, and comprises the aspects of competitive model resistance comparison and analysis, development model resistance decomposition, transmission system part selection, mass production model resistance test, optimized lifting and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile research and development testing, and particularly relates to a decomposition testing method for sliding resistance of a whole passenger vehicle.
Background
The automobile sliding resistance comprises air resistance, rolling resistance, transmission system resistance, brake dragging resistance, hub bearing resistance and the like. The sliding resistance affects the performance (especially the transmission efficiency) of a transmission system, is one of key factors for meeting the power performance, the fuel economy and the emission standard of the whole vehicle, and particularly has great influence on the fuel economy. National regulations GB19578-2014 limit fuel consumption of passenger vehicles and GB27999-2014 evaluation methods and indexes of fuel consumption of passenger vehicles, which are implemented from 1 month to 1 day in 2016, put very strict requirements on fuel consumption of vehicles, and reduction of sliding resistance of vehicles is one of important means for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction of vehicles.
At present, regarding the sliding resistance test in the industry, the requirement in the GB/T12536-90 automobile sliding test method specification is mainly adopted, namely, the power of a transmission part and an engine is cut off in the whole automobile road running state, at the moment, the inertia force stored by the automobile is equivalent to a power source to drive the automobile to continue to advance, and if the times that the automobile utilizes the inertia force of the automobile are more and the sliding distance is larger, the more sufficient the inertia force application of the automobile running is indicated, the smaller the sliding resistance is, and the lower the whole automobile fuel consumption is.
In order to further research and reduce the sliding resistance of the whole vehicle, the sliding resistance needs to be tested and decomposed, and the resistance of each part is found, so that an optimization scheme is provided in a targeted manner. Three methods have been disclosed for the sliding resistance test and the disassembly.
The method comprises the following steps: and arranging sensors for measurement on each part in the road test process. A flexible plate torque sensor and a rotating speed sensor are mounted on an output shaft of an engine to measure net torque and rotating speed output by the engine, test sensors of parts such as a gearbox, a transmission shaft and a half shaft are mounted in a transmission system to measure torque and rotating speed of each node, torque sensors are mounted on four wheels of a vehicle to measure rolling resistance loss of a tire, and a wind resistance sensor is mounted outside the vehicle to obtain wind resistance power loss.
The difference value of the measured engine output power and the driving power loss of the driving wheel, the rotation power loss of the driven wheel, the rolling power loss of the tire and the air resistance power loss is the total power loss of the transmission system, and then the resistance of the transmission system of the whole vehicle is calculated according to a formula. The road test method can directly detect the performance of the automobile transmission system, but the road condition is difficult to control, the test result repeatability and comparability are poor due to the difference of environment (humidity, temperature and wind speed) and region, and when each measuring component is additionally arranged in the whole automobile road test, part of parts in the automobile transmission system need to be changed and designed so as to conveniently install the measuring sensor. Meanwhile, the sensor can only be used for one test vehicle, is difficult to continue to use, has poor interchangeability and universality of the test sensor, and is difficult to compare and analyze measured data and establish a common database because the performances of the transmission systems of the vehicles are different.
The second method comprises the following steps: and testing the internal resistance on a chassis dynamometer. The sliding test tests of the whole vehicle and the disassembled parts under different working conditions are respectively carried out on the chassis dynamometer, so that data including sliding speed change, sliding time, sliding distance and the like are measured, the internal resistance values of the whole vehicle, the braking system, the transmission system, the gearbox, the main reducer and other parts in the corresponding states of various working conditions are calculated according to a relevant formula, and the resistance distribution condition of the parts in the state of carrying the whole vehicle is obtained.
The above test method mainly has the following problems: firstly, a chassis dynamometer is used as test equipment, the precision is relatively low, and the test data has large deviation; secondly, in general, the above method tests several internal resistance values from the highest vehicle speed to the lowest vehicle speed, and calculates an average value as the internal resistance value of the test object, so that the use of the average value instead of the resistance characteristic value of each speed point thereof cannot reflect the actual situation that the resistance changes with the speed; thirdly, the method can only be decomposed into a braking system, and the decomposition is not comprehensive enough for the internal resistance of the gearbox and the main drag reduction.
The third method comprises the following steps: a method for testing a single component such as a transmission system and a brake system by using a rack. For example: when a single-component bench test is performed on a transmission system, generally, a motor is used as a power source, rotating speed and torque sensors are respectively installed at the input end and the output end of a transmission system component to obtain corresponding torque and rotating speed parameters, and power loss of each component of the transmission system is calculated according to test data, so that resistance of each component of the transmission system can be obtained. The single-body bench test method and the flow setting are flexible, and the structural parameters, the test target and the like of the test sample piece can be changed correspondingly. However, a certain difference exists between the automobile working condition simulated in the test and the actual operation working condition, and when the test sample piece is tested on the rack, the load and the vibration of the sample piece are different from those of the whole automobile in the operation state.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for testing the whole sliding resistance decomposition of a passenger vehicle, which tests specific parts by testing the whole sliding resistance and decomposing the whole sliding resistance of the passenger vehicle to optimize and improve the sliding resistance, completes the part type selection development of a new product transmission system, can test the road sliding resistance, and decomposes the sliding resistance into simplified wind resistance, rolling resistance, brake caliper dragging force, total hub bearing force resistance, left/right front drive shaft resistance and transmission case neutral (N gear) resistance by testing and calculating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for decomposing and testing sliding resistance of a whole passenger vehicle comprises the following steps:
step A: preparing parameters of a finished automobile and a transmission system;
and B: performing a road sliding test;
and C: testing a chassis dynamometer;
step D: testing a four-wheel drive five-motor;
step d 1: calculating the rolling resistance of the tire according to the test results of the step C and the step D;
step d 2: brake caliper drag force and hub shaft bearing force test;
step E: and (5) performing a two-drive three-motor drive test.
Further, in the step A, finishing vehicle preparation mass weighing and balancing weight, and determining the tire model and the dynamic rolling radius of the vehicle type.
Further, step B includes step B1: setting the working condition to be that the vehicle speed is from high to low, recording the speed V and the time corresponding to the road test working condition point in sequence, and simulating to obtain a whole vehicle sliding resistance curve F by adopting a least square method according to a test data processing method
1 1I.e. F
1 1＝a
1V
2+b
1V+C
1Wherein a is
1、b
1And C
1Are all standard values;
step b 2: converting the sliding resistance curve of the whole vehicle obtained by simulation into the resistance F corresponding to each vehicle speed
1 2I.e. F
1 2＝F
1 1＝a
1V
2+b
1V+C
1。
Further, step C includes step C1: b, the vehicle is placed on a four-wheel chassis dynamometer, and the control mode of the chassis dynamometer is set to be a four-wheel drive mode, so that the chassis dynamometer and the front and rear wheels of the vehicle can rotate, and the condition of the chassis dynamometer is consistent with that of the step B;
step c 2: the chassis dynamometer is set to a four-wheel reverse-dragging mode, the chassis dynamometer is used for dragging wheels to accelerate to a speed higher than a working condition set highest speed, then the speed of the chassis dynamometer is controlled to reduce the speed to the working condition set highest speed, the chassis dynamometer is operated at a constant speed, after the speed is stable, wheel side force data are recorded, and the recording time is longer than 30 s;
step c 3: the testing working condition point is consistent with the road sliding test, the front and rear torsion values of the chassis dynamometer corresponding to different rotating speeds of all working conditions are recorded, and the sliding resistance is obtained:
front wheel resistance: f
2 1Are values measured at different speeds V;
rear wheel resistance: f
2 2Are values measured at different speeds V;
f, the total sliding resistance of the vehicle is obtained by testing on a chassis dynamometer
2 3＝F
2 1+F
2 2；
Step c 4: by the formula F
Simplified wind resistance＝F
1 2-F
2 3CalculatingThe wind resistance is simplified.
Further, step d1 includes d 11: four tires of the vehicle are removed, the vehicle is placed on a four-wheel-drive five-motor rack, the working condition is set to be that the vehicle speed is from low to high, and the rotating speed is calculated according to the following formula:
d 12: under the different rotational speed of record acquisition under obtaining each operating mode corresponds, the torsion that four drive five motor test bench correspond four wheel hub departments and gather, wherein the power that each motor surveyed does in proper order:
left front hub torsion: f
3 1For the left front wheel motor at the wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right front hub torsion: f
3 2For the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
left rear hub torque force: f
3 3For left rear wheel motor at wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right rear hub torsion: f
3 4The speed of the right rear wheel motor is V at the wheel speed
1The measured force.
Step d 13: converting the front and rear torsion values of the chassis dynamometer obtained by the test in the step d12 into a corresponding relation of the rotating speed from low to high:
front wheel resistance: f
2 4To rotate at a wheel speed V
1Measuring the value;
rear wheel resistance: f
2 5To rotate at a wheel speed V
1The value was measured.
Step d 14: by the formula F
Front rolling resistance＝F
2 4-F
3 1-F
3 2，F
Rear rolling resistance＝F
2 5-F
3 3-F
3 4The rolling resistance of each tire of the vehicle can be obtained:
left/right front wheel rolling resistance:
left/right rear wheel rolling resistance:
further, in step d2, removing the front left driving shaft and the front right driving shaft of the vehicle on the four-drive five-motor rack; with the torsion of four wheel hub departments of five motor test bench of four-wheel drive collection, under the record obtained the different rotational speeds of each operating mode, wheel hub total resistance includes calliper drag power and wheel hub axle load, and four wheel hub total resistances are in proper order:
left front hub total resistance: f
4 1To rotate at a wheel speed V
1The measured force;
total resistance of the right front hub: f
4 2To rotate at a wheel speed V
1The measured force;
left rear hub total resistance: f
4 3To rotate at a wheel speed V
1The measured force;
total resistance of the right rear hub: f
4 4To rotate at a wheel speed V
1The measured force.
Further, step d2 includes step d 21: further detach brake caliper in four wheel hub departments of vehicle, the rotational speed is set for equally from low to high for the operating mode, and under the record obtained the different rotational speeds of each operating mode, the torsion that four wheel drive five motor test bench correspond four wheel hub departments and gather, four wheel hub bearing power do in proper order:
left front hub bearing resistance: f
5 1For the left front wheel motor at the wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right front hub bearing resistance: f
5 2For the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
left rear hub bearing resistance: f
5 3For left rear wheel motor at wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right rear hub bearing resistance: f
5 4The speed of the right rear wheel motor is V at the wheel speed
1The measured force.
Step d 22: and d, calculating the data tested in the step d21 to obtain the caliper drag resistance:
left front caliper drag resistance: f
6 1＝F
4 1-F
5 1；
Drag of right front caliper: f
6 2＝F
4 2-F
5 2；
Left rear caliper drag resistance: f
6 3＝F
4 3-F
5 3；
Drag of right rear caliper: f
6 4＝F
4 4-F
5 4。
Further, step E includes step E1: measuring respective arrangement angles of a left driving shaft and a right driving shaft on a four-drive five-motor test bed, installing the driving shafts on a two-drive three-motor test bed, arranging the driving shafts according to actual measurement angles, setting the working condition to be that the rotating speed is from low to high, and setting the rotating speed on the two-drive three-motor test bed;
step e 2: under the different rotational speeds of record acquisition every operating mode, the three motor test bench of two drives corresponds the resistance size, and the resistance size of drive shaft about wherein is in proper order:
left front drive shaft resistance: f
7 1For the left wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
right front drive shaft resistance: f
7 2For the right wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force.
Step e 3: calculating the resistance of the neutral/N gear of the gearbox according to the resistance data tested in the step D and the step e 2: f
8＝(F
3 1+F
3 2+F
3 3+F
3 4)-(F
4 1+F
4 2+F
4 3+F
4 4)-(F
7 1+F
7 2)。
Compared with the prior art, the method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of the whole passenger vehicle has the following advantages:
1. the technical effects are as follows: the device can be applied to research, development and verification of vehicles, and comprises the aspects of competitive model resistance comparison and analysis, model resistance decomposition of developed models, model selection of transmission system parts, resistance test of mass-produced models, optimization and lifting and the like, has strong universality, high precision, repeatability and interchangeability, can meet the requirement of the resistance test of the transmission system, can promote the rapid discovery of the resistance problem of the transmission system in the research and development process of new models, is timely improved and optimized, and has important significance for improving the research and development capability of enterprises.
2. Economic benefits
The method can completely realize the sliding resistance test, the cost of 1 vehicle is estimated to be about 20-30 ten thousand, complete resistance decomposition data can be obtained, if the cost of the wind resistance test is estimated to be 75-90 ten thousand in a wind tunnel laboratory, the research and development cost is saved, secondly, the test method can complete the sliding resistance decomposition test within 1 month from the development time, the time progress of development, research and development verification can be met through quick verification, and the whole new vehicle model research and development period is shortened to a certain extent.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of a whole passenger car includes:
step A: before the test, the vehicle is subjected to the mass weighing and the weight balancing, and the tire model and the dynamic rolling radius of the vehicle are determined.
And selecting a long straight line field of a road test field for testing.
The vehicle guarantees that the window is closed, and the vehicle outside has no relevant test equipment.
The vehicle needs to be preheated before formally starting the test, the vehicle continuously runs for a certain time at a constant speed, and the requirement of a heat engine is met by monitoring the running temperature of the power assembly.
Before the automobile enters a sliding section, a driver puts the transmission gear into a neutral position (a clutch pedal is released)/N gear, the speed and the time are recorded by a non-contact double-shaft optical speed counter until the automobile is completely stopped, and other specific requirements refer to GB/T12536-90 automobile sliding test method.
And B: the working conditions are set to be 120km/h, 115km/h, 110km/h, 105km/h, 100km/h, 95km/h, 90km/h, 85km/h, 80km/h, 75km/h, 70km/h, 65km/h, 60km/h, 55km/h, 50km/h, 45km/h, 40km/h, 35km/h, 30km/h, 25km/h, 20km/h, 15km/h, 10km/h and 5km/h respectively from high to low.
Considering the condition of a test field, the test can be completed in two sections of 120km/h-60km/h and 60km/h-5km/h, and then the two sections are connected into a complete test working condition.
Sequentially recording the speed and time corresponding to the road test working condition point, and simulating to obtain a whole vehicle sliding resistance curve, namely F, by adopting a least square method (generally, the vehicle sliding resistance and the vehicle speed meet the quadratic function relationship) according to a test data processing method
1 1＝a
1V
2+b
1V+C
1。
Converting the sliding resistance curve of the whole vehicle obtained by simulation into the resistance corresponding to each vehicle speed, namely:
F
1 2＝F
1 1＝a
1V
2+b
1V+C
1，F
1 2is a resistance corresponding to the vehicle speed V (120), V (115).
And C: the vehicle is arranged on a four-wheel chassis dynamometer, and the control mode of the chassis dynamometer is set to be a four-wheel drive mode, so that the chassis dynamometer and the front and rear wheels of the vehicle can rotate, and the condition of the vehicle is consistent with that of a road sliding test of the vehicle.
The fan of the chassis dynamometer is set to be constant speed, and necessary heat dissipation conditions of a vehicle air inlet system are guaranteed.
Before the test begins, a vehicle rotating system needs to be preheated, the vehicle continuously runs for a certain time at the same constant speed, the running of the power assembly is monitored, and the requirement of a heat engine is met.
During testing, after the vehicle is decelerated to be static, the transmission is placed in a neutral gear or an N gear (automatic gear vehicle), the chassis dynamometer is set to be in a four-wheel reverse dragging mode, and the chassis dynamometer is used for dragging wheels to accelerate to about 125 km/h; then the speed of the chassis dynamometer is controlled to reduce the speed to 120km/h, and the chassis dynamometer is operated at a constant speed; and after the vehicle speed is stabilized for 35 seconds, the wheel edge force data is recorded.
The test working condition points are consistent with those in the step B, and the vehicle speeds are respectively 120km/h, 115km/h, 110km/h, 105km/h, 100km/h, 95km/h, 90km/h, 85km/h, 80km/h, 75km/h, 70km/h, 65km/h, 60km/h, 55km/h, 50km/h, 45km/h, 40km/h, 35km/h, 30km/h, 25km/h, 20km/h, 15km/h, 10km/h and 5km/h from high to low.
Recording to obtain front and rear torsion values of the chassis dynamometer corresponding to different rotating speeds under different working conditions, and obtaining the sliding resistance of the chassis dynamometer
Front wheel resistance: f
2 1Is the corresponding front sliding resistance when the vehicle speed V (120), V (115).. V (5)
Rear wheel resistance: f
2 2Is the corresponding rear sliding resistance when the vehicle speed is V (120), V (115).. V (5)
F, the total sliding resistance of the vehicle is obtained by testing on a chassis dynamometer
2 3＝F
2 1+F
2 2
By the formula F
Simplified wind resistance＝F
1 2-F
2 3The part is the difference between the wind resistance of the whole vehicle road and the friction force of the road and the drum surface of the chassis dynamometer, namely the simplified wind resistance.
Step d 1: the method is carried out in a four-wheel-drive five-motor test room, a hub flange tool needs to be prepared in advance to be used when a vehicle is equipped, four tires of the vehicle are disassembled, the vehicle is placed on a four-wheel-drive five-motor rack, a fan is arranged right in front of the vehicle before the test, and an air outlet is aligned with an engine radiator.
Before the test is started, a vehicle transmission system needs to be preheated, a vehicle continuously runs for a certain time at a constant speed, an engine is started by monitoring the temperature of a power assembly and meeting the requirement of a heat engine, and if the vehicle is in a manual gear, a neutral gear is set; or the vehicle is in an automatic gear, the N gear mode is set.
The working condition is set to be that the vehicle speed is from bottom to top, the rotating speed of the four-wheel five-drive motor is set, and the rotating speed is calculated according to the following formula
Taking the tire parameter of 255/50R19 as an example, the calculation is performed by using the above formula, and the operating point speeds are 39rpm,78rpm,117rpm,156rpm,195rpm,233rpm,272rpm,311rpm,350rpm,389rpm,428rpm,467rpm,506rpm,545rpm,584rpm,623rpm,662rpm,700rpm,739rpm,778rpm,817rpm,856rpm,895rpm,934 rpm.
With the torsion that four five motor test bench of driving correspond four wheel hub departments and gather, under the record obtained the different rotational speeds of each operating mode and corresponds, four motors measured's power does in proper order:
left front hub torsion: f
3 1To rotate at a wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
right front hub torsion: f
3 2To rotate at a wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
left rear hub torque force: f
3 3To rotate at a wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
right rear hub torsion: f
3 4To rotate at a wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force.
Converting the front and rear torsion values of the chassis dynamometer obtained by the test in the step d1 into a corresponding relation of the rotating speed from low to high:
front wheel resistance: f
2 4To rotate at a wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) Measuring a value when the value is measured;
rear wheel resistance: f
2 5To rotate at a wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured value is the measured value.
By the formula F
Front rolling resistance＝F
2 4-F
3 1-F
3 2、F
Rear rolling resistance＝F
2 5-F
3 3-F
3 4And obtaining the rolling resistance of each tire of the vehicle:
left/right front wheel rolling resistance:
left/right rear wheel rolling resistance:
step d 2: on a four-drive five-motor rack, a left front driving shaft and a right front driving shaft of a vehicle are dismantled, before a test is started, an engine of the vehicle is closed, and a hand brake is released; the vehicle to be tested needs to be preheated, and the four-wheel-drive five-motor rack continuously runs for a certain time at a constant rotating speed.
The operating mode is set to the rotating speed from low to high, the rotating speed is set on the four-wheel five-motor, and the rotating speeds of the operating mode points are as follows: 39rpm,78rpm,117rpm,156rpm,195rpm,233rpm,272rpm,311rpm,350rpm,389rpm,428rpm,467rpm,506rpm,545rpm,584rpm,623rpm,662rpm,700rpm,739rpm,778rpm,817rpm,856rpm,895rpm,934 rpm.
And D, recording the torsion collected by the four hubs in the step D under different rotating speeds of different working conditions, wherein the total resistance of the hubs comprises the dragging force of calipers and the bearing force of a hub shaft, and the total resistance of the four hubs is as follows:
left front hub: for the left front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) Measuring a value when the value is measured;
right front wheel hub: for the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) Measuring a value when the value is measured;
left rear hub: for left rear wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) Measuring a value when the value is measured;
right rear wheel hub: for the right rear wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured value is the measured value.
Step d 21: on the four-wheel-drive five-motor rack, the brake calipers are further removed from the four hubs of the vehicle, before the test is started, the engine of the vehicle is closed, the vehicle needs to be preheated by a test system, and the four-wheel-drive five-motor rack continuously runs for a certain time at a constant rotating speed.
The operating mode is set for the rotational speed and is also from end to high, and the rotational speed sets up on four-wheel drive five motors, and its operating mode point is fast: 39rpm,78rpm,117rpm,156rpm,195rpm,233rpm,272rpm,311rpm,350rpm,389rpm,428rpm,467rpm,506rpm,545rpm,584rpm,623rpm,662rpm,700rpm,739rpm,778rpm,817rpm,856rpm,895rpm,934 rpm.
Recording the torque collected by the four-wheel-drive five-motor test bed corresponding to four hubs under different working conditions at different rotating speeds, wherein the four hub shafts bear forces
Left front hub bearing resistance: f
5 1For the left front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
right front hub bearing resistance: f
5 2For the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
left rear hub bearing resistance: f
5 3For left rear wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
right rear hub bearing resistance: f
5 4For the right rear wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force.
Step d22, calculating the data tested in the step d21 to obtain the dragging resistance of the caliper
Left front caliper drag resistance: f
6 1＝F
4 1-F
5 1；
Drag of right front caliper: f
6 2＝F
4 2-F
5 2；
Left rear caliper drag resistance: f
6 3＝F
4 3-F
5 3；
Drag of right rear caliper: f
6 4＝F
4 4-F
5 4。
Step e 1: before the test, the respective arrangement angles of the left driving shaft and the right driving shaft are measured on a four-wheel-drive five-motor test bed.
And installing the driving shaft on a two-drive three-motor rack, and arranging the driving shaft according to an actual measurement angle.
Before the test begins, the transmission shaft needs to be preheated, and the rack continuously runs for a certain time at a constant rotating speed.
The operating conditions are set to rotate at the same speed from bottom to top, and the rotation speed setting is carried out on a two-drive three-motor machine, wherein the operating point speed is 39rpm,78rpm,117rpm,156rpm,195rpm,233rpm,272rpm,311rpm,350rpm,389rpm,428rpm,467rpm,506rpm,545rpm,584rpm,623rpm,662rpm,700rpm,739rpm,778rpm,817rpm,856rpm,895rpm and 934 rpm.
Step e 2: under the different rotational speeds of record acquisition every operating mode, the three motor test bench of two drives corresponds the resistance size, and the resistance size of drive shaft about wherein is in proper order:
left front drive shaft resistance: f
7 1For left wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force;
right front drive shaft resistance: f
7 2For the right wheel motor at wheel speed V
1(39)、V
1(78)...V
1(934) The measured force.
Step e 3: calculating the resistance of the neutral gear/N gear of the gearbox according to the resistance data tested in the steps D, e2 and seven:
F
8＝(F
3 1+F
3 2+F
3 3+F
3 4)-(F
4 1+F
4 2+F
4 3+F
4 4)-(F
7 1+F
7 2)。
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A decomposition test method for sliding resistance of a whole passenger vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step A: preparing parameters of a finished automobile and a transmission system;
and B: performing a road sliding test;
and C: testing a chassis dynamometer;
step D: testing a four-wheel drive five-motor;
step d 1: calculating the rolling resistance of the tire according to the test results of the step C and the step D;
step d1 includes d 11: four tires of the vehicle are removed, the vehicle is placed on a four-wheel-drive five-motor rack, the working condition is set to be that the vehicle speed is from low to high, and the rotating speed is calculated according to the following formula:
d 12: under the different rotational speed of record acquisition under obtaining each operating mode corresponds, the torsion that four drive five motor test bench correspond four wheel hub departments and gather, wherein the power that each motor surveyed does in proper order:
left front hub torsion: f
3 1For the left front wheel motor at the wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right front hub torsion: f
3 2For the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
left rear hub torque force: f
3 3For left rear wheel motor at wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right rear hub torsion: f
3 4The speed of the right rear wheel motor is V at the wheel speed
1The measured force;
step d 13: converting the front and rear torsion values of the chassis dynamometer obtained by the test in the step d12 into a corresponding relation of the rotating speed from low to high:
front wheel resistance:
to rotate at a wheel speed V
1Measuring the resistance value of the front wheel;
rear wheel resistance:
to rotate at a wheel speed V
1Measuring the resistance value of the rear wheel;
step d 14: by the formula
The rolling resistance of each tire of the vehicle can be obtained:
left/right front wheel rolling resistance:
left/right rear wheel rolling resistance:
step d 2: brake caliper drag force and hub shaft bearing force test;
in the step d2, removing a left front driving shaft and a right front driving shaft of the vehicle on a four-drive five-motor rack; with the torsion of four wheel hub departments of five motor test bench of four-wheel drive collection, under the record obtained the different rotational speeds of each operating mode, wheel hub total resistance includes calliper drag power and wheel hub axle load, and four wheel hub total resistances are in proper order:
left front hub total resistance: f
4 1For the left front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
total resistance of the right front hub: f
4 2For the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
left rear hub total resistance: f
4 3For left rear wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
total resistance of the right rear hub: f
4 4For the right rear wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
step E: performing a two-drive three-motor drive test;
step E includes step E1: measuring respective arrangement angles of a left driving shaft and a right driving shaft on a four-drive five-motor test bed, installing the driving shafts on a two-drive three-motor test bed, arranging the driving shafts according to actual measurement angles, setting the working condition to be that the rotating speed is from low to high, and setting the rotating speed on the two-drive three-motor test bed;
step e 2: under the different rotational speeds of record acquisition every operating mode, the three motor test bench of two drives corresponds the resistance size, and the resistance size of drive shaft about wherein is in proper order:
left front drive shaft resistance: f
7 1For the left wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
right front drive shaft resistance: f
7 2For the right wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
step e 3: calculating the resistance of the neutral/N gear of the gearbox according to the resistance data tested in the step D and the step e 2:
2. the method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of the whole passenger vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and step A, finishing vehicle preparation mass weighing and balancing weight, and determining the tire model and the dynamic rolling radius of the vehicle type.
3. The method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of the whole passenger vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step B includes step B1: setting the working condition to be that the vehicle speed is from high to low, recording the speed V and the time corresponding to the road test working condition point in sequence, and simulating to obtain a whole vehicle sliding resistance curve F by adopting a least square method according to a test data processing method
1 1I.e. F
1 1＝a
1V
2+b
1V+C
1；
Step b 2: converting the sliding resistance curve of the whole vehicle obtained by simulation into the resistance F corresponding to each vehicle speed
1 2I.e. F
1 2＝F
1 1＝a
1V
2+b
1V+C
1。
4. The method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of the whole passenger vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step C includes step C1: b, the vehicle is placed on a four-wheel chassis dynamometer, and the control mode of the chassis dynamometer is set to be a four-wheel drive mode, so that the chassis dynamometer and the front and rear wheels of the vehicle can rotate, and the condition of the chassis dynamometer is consistent with that of the step B;
step c 2: the chassis dynamometer is set to a four-wheel reverse-dragging mode, the chassis dynamometer is used for dragging wheels to accelerate to a speed higher than a working condition set highest speed, then the speed of the chassis dynamometer is controlled to reduce the speed to the working condition set highest speed, the chassis dynamometer is operated at a constant speed, after the speed is stable, wheel side force data are recorded, and the recording time is longer than 30 s;
step c 3: the testing working condition point is consistent with the road sliding test, the front and rear torsion values of the chassis dynamometer corresponding to different rotating speeds of all working conditions are recorded, and the sliding resistance is obtained:
front wheel resistance: f
2 1Are values measured at different speeds V;
rear wheel resistance: f
2 2Are values measured at different speeds V;
and (3) testing on a chassis dynamometer to obtain the total sliding resistance of the vehicle:
step c 4: by the formula
The wind resistance is simplified by calculation.
5. The method for decomposing and testing the sliding resistance of the whole passenger vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: step d2 includes step d 21: further detach brake caliper in four wheel hub departments of vehicle, the operating mode is set for the rotational speed and is equally from low to high, under the different rotational speeds of record acquisition of each operating mode, the torsion that four wheel drive five motor test bench correspond four wheel hub departments and gather, wherein four wheel hub axle load forces are in proper order:
left front hub bearing resistance: f
5 1For the left front wheel motor at the wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right front hub bearing resistance: f
5 2For the right front wheel motor at wheel speed V
1The measured force;
left rear hub bearing resistance: f
5 3For left rear wheel motor at wheel speed of V
1The measured force;
right rear hub bearing resistance:
the speed of the right rear wheel motor is V at the wheel speed
1The measured force;
step d 22: and d, calculating the data tested in the step d21 to obtain the caliper drag resistance:
left front caliper drag resistance: f
6 1＝F
4 1-F
5 1；
Drag of right front caliper:
left rear caliper drag resistance:
drag of right rear caliper:
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Effective date of registration: 20230223 Address after: Room 526, main building, No. 68, Xianfeng East Road, Dongli District, Tianjin Patentee after: CATARC AUTOMOTIVE TEST CENTER (TIANJIN) Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH CENTER Co.,Ltd. Address before: Building 3007, West Taixin Industrial Park, Binhai Development Zone, Tianjin Patentee before: CATARC (TIANJIN) AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |