CN109238740B - Comprehensive evaluation method for automobile sliding resistance based on whole automobile mass and volume - Google Patents
Comprehensive evaluation method for automobile sliding resistance based on whole automobile mass and volume Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing automobile sliding resistance, which comprises the following steps: step A: establishing a database, and recording the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q of a sample vehicle; and B: obtaining the sliding resistance of the sample vehicle according to the preset relation between the sliding resistance and the test mass M as well as the whole vehicle volume Q; and C: b, obtaining corresponding average sliding resistance in a database according to the relation between the sliding resistance of each sample vehicle in the step B and the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q; step D: obtaining the standard deviation of the sliding resistance difference value according to the actual sliding resistance of the sample vehicle and the corresponding average sliding resistance in the database; step E: and carrying out standardization processing according to the standard deviation. Compared with the prior art, the method accurately represents the resistance level of the vehicle and reasonably evaluates the sliding resistance level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle performance parameter testing, in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method for automobile sliding resistance based on the whole automobile mass and volume.
Background
The automobile sliding resistance reflects the design level of a chassis transmission system and a model of the automobile, a multi-wheel sliding resistance test is required in the research and development process of the automobile and is used for analyzing the influence of the change of components of the chassis system, design parameters and the optimization of the whole automobile model on the improvement of the running resistance of the automobile, finally, the performance index of the whole automobile is simulated and calculated by combining the performance parameters of a power system, and the reasonable market positioning is carried out on the researched and developed automobile. Therefore, the method can accurately, reasonably and comprehensively evaluate the vehicle sliding resistance, is beneficial to setting and achieving the design target in the vehicle research and development process, and provides accurate market positioning data for marketing units.
In the prior art, the method for testing the sliding resistance of the automobile mainly uses a linear equation constructed by the mass of the whole automobile and the sliding resistance, and a comparison graph is drawn by using the test mass as a horizontal coordinate and the sliding resistance as a vertical coordinate. Simultaneously, a linear equation is used for fitting a mass-sliding resistance relation curve of homologous vehicle types in the database, and when the mass-sliding resistance data points of the compared vehicles are positioned below the linear curve of the database, the vehicle resistance is superior to the average level of the database; when the mass-skid resistance data point for the comparison vehicle is located above the database linear curve, it is shown that the vehicle resistance is inferior to the database average.
The current road sliding resistance evaluation method has the following problems:
①, the sliding resistance is the sum of rolling resistance and air resistance, the influence factors of the rolling resistance comprise the mass of the whole vehicle and the rolling resistance coefficient, the influence factors of the air resistance are mainly the vehicle model, the real level of the resistance of the whole vehicle cannot be completely reflected by the linear equation evaluation method constructed by the mass of the whole vehicle and the sliding resistance;
②, with the continuous development of the light weight technology of the vehicle, the ratio of the vehicle mass to the vehicle space (the vehicle volume) is in the descending trend;
③, and meanwhile, as the living standard is improved, the demand of consumers for vehicle space is continuously increased, and customers usually take the space in the vehicle cabin, oil consumption and acceleration performance as main indexes of equal consideration when selecting private cars.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation method of automobile sliding resistance based on the mass and the volume of a whole automobile, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and can comprehensively and reasonably evaluate the sliding resistance by taking the volume of the whole automobile as one of evaluation bases of the sliding resistance of the automobile and combining the mass of the whole automobile.
The invention provides a method for testing automobile sliding resistance, which comprises the following steps:
step A: establishing a database, and recording the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q of a sample vehicle;
and B: obtaining the sliding resistance of the sample vehicle according to the preset relation between the sliding resistance and the test mass M as well as the whole vehicle volume Q;
and C: b, obtaining corresponding average sliding resistance in a database according to the relation between the sliding resistance of each sample vehicle in the step B and the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q;
step D: obtaining the standard deviation of the sliding resistance difference value according to the actual sliding resistance of the sample vehicle and the corresponding average sliding resistance in the database;
step E: and carrying out standardization processing according to the standard deviation.
The comprehensive evaluation method for the automobile sliding resistance based on the whole automobile mass and the whole automobile volume preferably comprises the following steps in the step B:
step B1:
obtaining the sliding resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the following formularoad，
Froad＝F0+F1×V+F2×V2
Wherein, F0、F1And F2Are all sliding resistance coefficients;
step B2:
the a value and the b value of each sample vehicle are calculated by the following formulas:
Froad＝a+b×V2
wherein a represents rolling resistance FfAnd b is an air resistance coefficient.
The comprehensive evaluation method for the automobile sliding resistance based on the whole automobile mass and the whole automobile volume preferably comprises the following steps in the step C:
step C1:
calculating to obtain an equation coefficient P according to the following formula0：
Ff＝P0×M；
Step C2:
calculating the corresponding air resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the following formulaW：
Fw＝b×V2；
Step C3:
calculating to obtain an equation coefficient k according to the following formula0：
Fw＝k0×Q；
Step C4:
calculating to obtain the average sliding resistance F of the database according to the following formularoad′：
Froad′＝P0×M+k0×Q。
The method for comprehensively evaluating the sliding resistance of the automobile based on the mass and the volume of the whole automobile is preferably characterized in that in the step D, the step F is carried outroad-Froad' obtaining the difference between the actual sliding resistance of the sample vehicle and the average sliding resistance of the database, and the standard deviation sigma of the difference of the sliding resistanceroad。
The method for comprehensively evaluating the sliding resistance of the automobile based on the mass and the volume of the whole automobile is preferably characterized in that in the step E, the sliding resistance F is subjected to the following formularoadAnd (3) carrying out standardization treatment:
the comprehensive evaluation method for the automobile sliding resistance based on the whole automobile mass and volume preferably further comprises the following steps: to obtain TroadIs normally distributed with probability ProadAccording to a standard normal distribution probability ProadRanking each vehicle is determined by ranking the vehicles from small to large.
In the method for comprehensively evaluating the automobile sliding resistance based on the whole automobile mass and volume, the predetermined speed point V is preferably 30km/h, 60km/h, 90km/h or 120 km/h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention divides the sliding resistance into rolling resistance and air resistance, respectively establishes the correlation equations of the test mass and the rolling resistance, and the whole vehicle volume and the air resistance, and respectively obtains the distribution positions of the rolling resistance and the air resistance of each sample vehicle in the database by adopting a normal distribution probability algorithm, thereby accurately representing the resistance level of the vehicle and reasonably evaluating the sliding resistance level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the fitting result in step three of the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the fitting result in the fourth step of the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a method for testing the sliding resistance of an automobile, which comprises the following steps:
step A: establishing a database, and recording the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q of a sample vehicle;
and B: obtaining the sliding resistance of the sample vehicle according to the preset relation between the sliding resistance and the test mass M as well as the whole vehicle volume Q;
and C: b, obtaining corresponding average sliding resistance in a database according to the relation between the sliding resistance of each sample vehicle in the step B and the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q;
step D: obtaining the standard deviation of the sliding resistance difference value according to the actual sliding resistance of the sample vehicle and the corresponding average sliding resistance in the database;
step E: and carrying out standardization processing according to the standard deviation.
Further, the step B includes the following steps:
step B1:
obtaining the sliding resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the following formularoad，
Froad＝F0+F1×V+F2×V2
Wherein, F0、F1And F2Are all sliding resistance coefficients;
step B2:
the a value and the b value of each sample vehicle are calculated by the following formulas:
Froad＝a+b×V2
wherein a represents rolling resistance FfAnd b is an air resistance coefficient.
Further, the step C includes the following steps:
step C1:
calculating to obtain an equation coefficient P according to the following formula0：
Ff＝P0×M；
Step C2:
calculating the corresponding air resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the following formulaW：
Fw＝b×V2；
Step C3:
calculating to obtain an equation coefficient k according to the following formula0：
Fw＝k0×Q；
Step C4:
calculating to obtain the average sliding resistance F of the database according to the following formularoad′：
Froad′＝P0×M+k0×Q。
Further, in the step D, the step F is passedroad-Froad' obtaining the sampleDifference between actual sliding resistance of vehicle and average level of sliding resistance in database, and standard deviation sigma of difference of sliding resistanceroad。
Further, in the step E, the following formula is used to match the sliding resistance FroadAnd (3) carrying out standardization treatment:
further, the method also comprises the following steps: to obtain TroadIs normally distributed with probability ProadAccording to a standard normal distribution probability ProadRanking each vehicle is determined by ranking the vehicles from small to large.
Further, the given vehicle speed point V is 30km/h, 60km/h, 90km/h or 120 km/h.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for comprehensively evaluating automobile sliding resistance based on a mass and a volume of an entire automobile, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a sliding resistance database by referring to test standards of GB/T12536 automobile sliding test method and GB 18352.5-2013 light automobile pollutant emission limit and test method, in the embodiment, as shown in the table I, recording sample automobile names, test mass M, whole automobile volume Q and sliding resistance coefficient F0Coefficient of sliding resistance F1Coefficient of sliding resistance F2Wherein each sample vehicle's corresponding coefficient of sliding resistance F0Coefficient of sliding resistance F1Coefficient of sliding resistance F2All can be found in the above standards, with test mass M in kg and vehicle volume Q in M3。
Watch 1
Step two: calculating the sliding resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the formula (1)road，
Froad＝F0+F1×V+F2×V2(1)
In the present embodiment, taking a first vehicle as an example, the coasting resistance F at each predetermined vehicle speed point is calculatedroadThe calculation results are shown in the second table,
watch two
Step three:
will slide resistance FroadAnd a set vehicle speed point V, calculating a value a and a value b of each sample vehicle in formula (2) by using a least square method, wherein a represents rolling resistance FfAnd b is the air resistance coefficient,
Froad＝a+b×V2(2)
in the embodiment, the a value and the b value of each sample vehicle at a set speed point of 120km/h in the database are calculated in sequence, the data result is shown in the third table,
watch III
Step four:
as shown in FIG. 3, the rolling resistance F of each vehicle in the rolling resistance database is plotted by taking the test mass M of each vehicle as the abscissafAs a vertical coordinate, a linear equation set is established to obtain a formula (3), and an equation coefficient P is obtained by fitting0,
Ff＝P0×M (3)
In this embodiment, equation coefficients P of each sample vehicle in the database are sequentially calculated0The values, data results are shown in table four,
watch four
Step five:
substituting the air resistance coefficient b and the set vehicle speed point V into the formula (4) at the set vehicle speed point of 120km/h, and calculating the corresponding air resistance F of each sample vehicle at the set vehicle speed point VW，
Fw＝b×V2(4)
Step six:
as shown in fig. 4, at a predetermined vehicle speed point V, the air resistance F of each vehicle in the coasting resistance database is usedWAnd the volume Q of the whole vehicle, a linear equation set is established to obtain a formula (5), and an equation coefficient k is obtained by fitting0,
Fw＝k0×Q (5)
In the embodiment, equation coefficients P of all sample vehicles in the database under the condition of a set vehicle speed point of 120km/h are calculated in sequence0The values, data results are shown in table five,
watch five
Step seven:
equation coefficient P obtained based on step four and step six0And K0Constructing a formula (6), substituting the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q corresponding to each sample, and calculating to obtain the average sliding resistance F of the database of the sample vehicleroad′,
Froad′＝P0×M+k0×Q (6)
In the present embodiment, the actual sliding resistance F is calculated at a predetermined vehicle speed of 120km/hroadAnd database average sliding resistance Froad', as shown in Table five,
watch six
Step eight:
calculating Froad-FroadObtaining the difference between the actual sliding resistance of the vehicle and the average sliding resistance of the database, and calculating the standard deviation sigma of the differenceroad；
In the present embodiment, the standard deviation σ is calculated at a predetermined vehicle speed point of 120km/hroadAs shown in the seventh table, the first and second,
watch seven
Step nine:
using formula (7) to the sliding resistance FroadThe standardized treatment is carried out, and the standard treatment is carried out,
in this embodiment, T is calculated at a predetermined vehicle speed of 120km/hroadAs shown in the eighth table, the first step,
table eight
Step ten:
calculating TroadIs normally distributed with probability ProadAnd each sample vehicle in the database corresponds to a normal distribution probability value in the range of 0-100%. ProadShowing the sample sliding resistance FroadAverage sliding resistance F distributed in databaseroad' both sides sigmaroadProbability in range, representing the vehicle in the databaseA larger value indicates a relatively higher level of sliding resistance, and a relatively lower level of sliding resistance.
In this embodiment, T is calculated at a predetermined vehicle speed of 120km/hroadAs shown in table nine, the following steps,
watch nine
In the embodiment, the sliding resistance is divided into the rolling resistance and the air resistance, the correlation equations of the test mass and the rolling resistance and the correlation equations of the whole vehicle volume and the air resistance are respectively established, the distribution positions of the rolling resistance and the air resistance of each sample vehicle in the database are respectively obtained by adopting a normal distribution probability algorithm, the resistance level of the vehicle is accurately represented, and the sliding resistance level is reasonably evaluated.
The method for evaluating the sliding resistance is suitable for all passenger vehicles and commercial vehicles. The sliding resistance of the commercial vehicle is composed of rolling resistance and air resistance, the rolling resistance and the mass of the whole vehicle have a linear relation, the volume of the commercial vehicle is directly related to the load (passenger) amount, and the method is one of the most important factors to be considered when a customer chooses the commercial vehicle, so the method is also suitable for the commercial vehicle.
The sliding resistance evaluation method provided by the invention considers the influence trend of the development of the automobile lightweight technology on the sliding resistance, and simultaneously establishes a comprehensive vehicle sliding resistance quantitative comparison analysis method by combining the demand trend of the market on the vehicle space. The distribution position of the test vehicle in the same type of products in the market can be clearly reflected. The evaluation method carries out comparative evaluation calculation of the sliding resistance according to the database, and can directly reflect the structural design of the test vehicle and the resistance level of the whole vehicle.
Further, the method also comprises the step eleven: probability P is distributed according to standard normal distributionroadArranged from small to large and determinedThe rank of each vehicle is smaller, the rank is higher, and the resistance level is higher. Matrix data processing software Mat lab is selected to establish a database and evaluate and calculate data, data contents such as characters and numerical values can be written in a Mat format data file, a hierarchical data structure can be constructed by a Mat text, and the database sorting and classification of vehicles according to vehicle series and vehicle types can be realized.
The scoring is as follows:
1)1≤Proad<0.9, beat 6 points;
2)0.9≤Proad<0.8, beat for 6.5 minutes;
3)0.8≤Proad<0.7, beat 7 points;
4)0.7≤Proad<0.6, beat for 7.5 minutes;
5)0.6≤Proad<0.5, 8 points are printed;
6)0.5≤Proad<0.4, beat 8.5 points;
7)0.4≤Proad<0.3, beat 8.5 points;
8)0.3≤Proad<0.2, and 9 points are printed;
9)0.2≤Proad<0.1, beating for 9.5 minutes;
10)0.1≤Proad<0 and 10 points are added.
Further, the given vehicle speed point V is 30km/h, 60km/h, 90km/h or 120 km/h.
The construction, features and functions of the present invention are described in detail in the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, which are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited by the drawings, and all equivalent embodiments modified or changed according to the idea of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention covered by the description and the drawings.
Claims (5)
1. A method for testing the sliding resistance of an automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: establishing a database, and recording the name of the sample vehicle, the test mass M, the volume Q of the whole vehicle and the sliding resistance coefficientF0Coefficient of sliding resistance F1Coefficient of sliding resistance F2；
And B: according to a preset coefficient of sliding resistance F0Coefficient of sliding resistance F1Coefficient of sliding resistance F2Obtaining the sliding resistance of the sample vehicle according to the relation between the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q;
the step B comprises the following steps:
step B1:
obtaining the sliding resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the following formularoad，
Froad＝F0+F1×V+F2×V2
Wherein, F0、F1And F2Are all sliding resistance coefficients;
step B2:
the a value and the b value of each sample vehicle are calculated by the following formulas:
Froad＝a+b×V2
wherein a represents rolling resistance FfAnd b is the air resistance coefficient;
and C: b, obtaining corresponding average sliding resistance in a database according to the relation between the sliding resistance of each sample vehicle in the step B and the test mass M and the whole vehicle volume Q;
the step C comprises the following steps:
step C1:
calculating to obtain an equation coefficient P according to the following formula0：
Ff＝P0×M；
Step C2:
calculating the corresponding air resistance F of each sample vehicle at a set vehicle speed point V according to the following formulaW：
Fw＝b×V2；
Step C3:
calculating to obtain an equation coefficient k according to the following formula0：
Fw＝k0×Q；
Step C4:
calculating to obtain the average sliding resistance F of the database according to the following formularoad′：
Froad′＝P0×M+k0×Q；
Step D: obtaining the standard deviation of the sliding resistance difference value according to the actual sliding resistance of the sample vehicle and the corresponding average sliding resistance in the database;
step E: normalization was performed according to the standard deviation.
2. The method for testing sliding resistance of an automobile according to claim 1,
in said step D, by Froad-Froad' obtaining the difference value between the actual sliding resistance of the sample vehicle and the average level of the sliding resistance of the database, and calculating the standard deviation sigma of the difference value of the sliding resistanceroad。
3. The method for testing sliding resistance of an automobile according to claim 2,
in the step E, the following formula is used for the sliding resistance FroadAnd (3) carrying out standardization treatment:
4. the method for testing sliding resistance of an automobile according to claim 3,
further comprising step F: to obtain TroadIs normally distributed with probability ProadAccording to a standard normal distribution probability ProadRanking each vehicle is determined by ranking the vehicles from small to large.
5. A method for testing a sliding resistance of an automobile according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: the given vehicle speed point V is 30km/h, 60km/h, 90km/h or 120 km/h.
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| CN113280968B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-05-10 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Vehicle friction plate dragging torque test method, distribution diagram test method and device |
| CN113654809A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-16 | 河南德力新能源汽车有限公司 | Method for measuring actual sliding resistance coefficient of electric automobile by using VBOX equipment |
| CN118010377A (en) * | 2024-02-19 | 2024-05-10 | 无锡市朗迪测控技术有限公司 | Vehicle sliding resistance testing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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