CN104677641B - Measuring method that is a kind of while obtaining vehicle air resistance coefficient and coefficient of rolling resistance - Google Patents
Measuring method that is a kind of while obtaining vehicle air resistance coefficient and coefficient of rolling resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN104677641B CN104677641B CN201410823040.6A CN201410823040A CN104677641B CN 104677641 B CN104677641 B CN 104677641B CN 201410823040 A CN201410823040 A CN 201410823040A CN 104677641 B CN104677641 B CN 104677641B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of while obtain the measuring method of vehicle air resistance coefficient and coefficient of rolling resistance, multiple art skating experiment, process data time t, speed v and coasting distance s in record experiment are carried out；The calculating upper and lower limit of setting air resistance coefficient and coefficient of rolling resistance；Reference curve is selected, calculates resistance of taxing, deceleration and coasting time；Try to achieve trial curve, the registration of calculated curve and distance and the error amount of time three；The present invention benefit be：Solves the problem that coefficient of air resistance is difficult with coefficient of rolling resistance acquisition and procurement cost is high in car enterprise R＆D process, and the vehicle Simulation Calculation that can be looked forward to car efficiently be matched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring method for simultaneously obtaining an air resistance coefficient and a rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle, belonging to the field of new energy automobiles.
Background
The vehicle can receive air resistance, rolling resistance, acceleration resistance and ramp resistance in the driving process, wherein the acceleration resistance and the ramp resistance are related to the driving working condition, and the air resistance and the rolling resistance are unrelated to the driving working condition of the vehicle and exist inseparably at the same time.
Although the automobile production and marketing is the first worldwide, the independent brand share is very little, the single automobile profit is low, and the independent brand prospect is not optimistic. The new vehicle type developed in the forward direction abroad is often long in period and high in cost, and in the development process of the new vehicle type in China, in order to shorten the development period and save the development cost, reverse development is mostly adopted, and many links of test verification are omitted.
The air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient are two very critical parameters in the vehicle development process. The air resistance coefficient is usually obtained by adopting an automobile oil sludge model to carry out a wind tunnel test, but domestic automobile enterprises almost have no wind tunnel test equipment and the wind tunnel test cost is high; the rolling resistance coefficient was obtained by conducting a tire test alone. The two are measured separately, and as the sizes of the oil sludge model and the real vehicle in the wind tunnel test are not one-to-one, and the final mass production vehicle and the initial scheme have certain changes, the result of the wind tunnel test may have larger errors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient are difficult to obtain and the obtaining cost is high, the invention provides a measuring method for simultaneously obtaining the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle. The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a measuring method for simultaneously obtaining the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle comprises the following steps,
step 1), under the condition that the vehicle test mass is m, placing the vehicle on a horizontal straight lane by referring to a GBT-12536 automobile sliding test method, and carrying out free sliding tests for a plurality of times until the vehicle is completely stopped at an initial speed of 100km/h or 95% of the highest vehicle speed of the vehicle; recording the process data time t, the vehicle speed v and the sliding distance s in the test; meanwhile, setting the upper limit and the lower limit of an air resistance coefficient Cd and a rolling resistance coefficient f;
step 2), selecting a group of curves with the maximum contact ratio of time and vehicle speed curves and the minimum error of test time and sliding distance from the array test data in the step 1) as reference curves; taking the initial speed of the curve sliding and recording the initial speed as Vmax;
step 3), carrying out descending and equal division on Vmax according to the interval of X kilometers per hour to obtain a group of speed arrays, and recording the speed arrays as speed;
step 4), substituting the air resistance coefficient Cd and the rolling resistance coefficient f set in the step 1) and the speed obtained in the step 3) into the formula (1) to calculate the sliding resistance Fr,
m in the formula (1) is the sum of the vehicle test mass, the service mass and the loading mass during the test; g is the acceleration of gravity; a is the windward area;
step 5), substituting the row resistance Fr obtained in the step 4) into a formula (2) to calculate the deceleration Acc;
wherein δ is a conversion coefficient of the rotating mass of the test vehicle considering the moment of inertia of the wheel;
step 6), substituting the deceleration Acc obtained in the step 5) into a formula (3) to calculate the sliding Time;
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
d Speed is the differential of the Speed; d Acc Is the differential of the acceleration Acc;
step 7), obtaining the distance s of the test curve according to the formula (4),
where max (t) is the upper limit of the time integral, i.e., the maximum value of time t;
calculating the distance Range of the calculated curve according to the formula (5),
wherein max (Time) is the upper limit of the Time integral, i.e. the maximum value of the Time;
step 8), obtaining the error values of the test curve, the contact ratio of the calculated curve and the distance and time;
and 9) if the error value is within 2%, ending the test, otherwise, repeating the steps 1) to 8).
Further, the step 1) further comprises,
the test was run in at least three passes each.
Further, the step 1) further comprises the steps of,
the upper limit of the air resistance coefficient Cd is 0.28, and the lower limit of the air resistance coefficient Cd is 0.4;
the upper limit of the rolling resistance coefficient f is 0.008, and the lower limit thereof is 0.02.
Further, the step 3) further comprises,
the X is a positive number and X <1, typically 0.1 is taken as X.
The invention has the advantages that: the problems that the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient are difficult to obtain and the obtaining cost is high in the research and development process of the vehicle enterprise are solved, and the method can be efficiently matched with a whole vehicle simulation calculation model of the vehicle enterprise.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of an excessive air resistance coefficient Cd of a measurement method for simultaneously obtaining the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of an excessively small air resistance coefficient Cd of the measurement method of the present invention for simultaneously obtaining the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the rolling resistance coefficient f being too large for the measurement method of the invention for obtaining both the vehicle air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing that the rolling resistance coefficient f of the measuring method for simultaneously obtaining the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient of the vehicle according to the present invention is too small;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the coincidence of the air resistance coefficient Cd and the rolling resistance coefficient f of the present invention measurement method for obtaining both the air resistance coefficient Cd and the rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle.
Detailed Description
A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form a part of the specification, and wherein the illustrated embodiments of the invention and the description thereof are intended to illustrate and not to limit the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:
it will be apparent that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and variations based on the spirit of the present invention.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a measuring method for simultaneously obtaining an air resistance coefficient and a rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle,
step 1), under the condition that the vehicle test mass is m, placing the vehicle on a horizontal straight lane by referring to a GBT-12536 automobile sliding test method, and carrying out free sliding tests for a plurality of times until the vehicle is completely stopped at an initial speed of 100km/h or 95% of the highest vehicle speed of the vehicle; recording the process data time t, the vehicle speed v and the sliding distance s in the test; meanwhile, setting the upper limit and the lower limit of an air resistance coefficient Cd and a rolling resistance coefficient f;
step 2), selecting a group of curves with the maximum contact ratio of time and speed curves and the minimum error of test time and sliding distance from the plurality of groups of test data in the step 1) as reference curves; taking the initial speed of the curve sliding and recording the initial speed as Vmax;
step 3), carrying out descending and equal division on Vmax according to the interval of X kilometers per hour to obtain a group of speed arrays, and recording the speed arrays as speed;
step 4), substituting the air resistance coefficient Cd and the rolling resistance coefficient f set in the step 1) and the speed obtained in the step 3) into a formula (1) to calculate the sliding resistance Fr,
m in the formula (1) is the sum of the vehicle test mass, the service mass and the loading mass during the test; g is gravity acceleration; a is the windward area;
step 5), substituting the row resistance Fr obtained in the step 4) into a formula (2) to calculate the deceleration Acc;
wherein δ is a conversion coefficient of the rotating mass of the test vehicle considering the moment of inertia of the wheel;
step 6), substituting the deceleration Acc obtained in the step 5) into a formula (3) to calculate the sliding Time;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
d Speed is the differential of the Speed; d Acc Is the differential of the acceleration Acc;
step 7), obtaining the distance s of the test curve according to the formula (4),
where max (t) is the upper limit of the time integral, i.e., the maximum value of time t;
the distance Range of the calculated curve is obtained according to the formula (5),
wherein max (Time) is the upper limit of the Time integral, i.e. the maximum value of the Time;
step 8), obtaining the error values of the test curve, the contact ratio of the calculated curve and the distance and time;
and 9) finishing the test if the error value is within 2%, otherwise, repeating the steps 1) to 8).
In a preferred embodiment, step 1) further comprises testing at least three passes each glide.
In a preferable scheme, the step 1) further includes that the upper limit of the air resistance coefficient Cd is 0.28, and the lower limit of the air resistance coefficient Cd is 0.4; the upper limit of the rolling resistance coefficient f is 0.008, and the lower limit thereof is 0.02.
In a preferred embodiment, said step 3) further comprises that X is a positive number and X <1, typically X is 0.1.Speed is a set of arithmetic decreasing array with initial value Vmax.
The influence of Cd is large when the vehicle runs at a high speed, and the influence of f is large when the vehicle runs at a low speed. Cd: when the calculated curve deviates from the test curve (black solid curve in dotted curve) in a high-speed interval, the Cd value needs to be adjusted. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the calculated curve is below the test curve, it means that the Cd value is too large, whereas it is too small. f: the calculated curve (blue curve) indicates that the f-number needs to be adjusted when it deviates from the test curve (black solid curve in dashed curve) in the low speed interval. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the calculated curve is below the test curve, it means that f is too large, whereas f is too small. As shown in FIG. 5, cd and f substantially match the test vehicle when the two sets of curves overlap better.
The above is only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the detailed description is only for assisting understanding of the core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A measuring method for simultaneously obtaining the air resistance coefficient and the rolling resistance coefficient of a vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps,
step 1), under the condition that the vehicle test mass is m, placing the vehicle on a horizontal straight lane by referring to a GBT-12536 automobile sliding test method, and carrying out free sliding tests for a plurality of times until the vehicle is completely stopped at an initial speed of 100km/h or 95% of the highest vehicle speed of the vehicle; recording the process data time t, the vehicle speed v and the sliding distance s in the test; meanwhile, setting upper and lower limits of an air resistance coefficient Cd and a rolling resistance coefficient f;
step 2), selecting a group of curves with the maximum contact ratio of time and vehicle speed curves and the minimum error of test time and sliding distance from the array test data in the step 1) as reference curves; taking the initial speed of the curve sliding and recording the initial speed as Vmax;
step 3), carrying out descending and equal division on Vmax according to the interval of X kilometers per hour to obtain a group of speed arrays, and recording the speed arrays as speed;
step 4), substituting the air resistance coefficient Cd and the rolling resistance coefficient f set in the step 1) and the speed obtained in the step 3) into the formula (1) to calculate the sliding resistance Fr,
m in the formula (1) is the sum of the vehicle test mass, the service mass and the loading mass during the test; g is gravity acceleration; a is the windward area;
step 5), substituting the row resistance Fr obtained in the step 4) into a formula (2) to calculate the deceleration Acc;
wherein δ is a conversion coefficient of the rotating mass of the test vehicle considering the moment of inertia of the wheel;
step 6), substituting the deceleration Acc obtained in the step 5) into a formula (3) to calculate the sliding Time;
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
d Speed is the differential of the Speed; d Acc Is the differential of the acceleration Acc;
step 7), obtaining the distance s of the test curve according to the formula (4),
wherein max (t) is the upper limit of the time integral, i.e. the maximum value of time t;
calculating the distance Range of the calculated curve according to the formula (5),
wherein max (Time) is the upper limit of the Time integral, i.e. the maximum value of the Time;
step 8), obtaining the error values of the test curve, the contact ratio of the calculated curve and the distance and time;
and 9) finishing the test if the error value is within 2%, otherwise, repeating the steps 1) to 8).
2. The method for simultaneously obtaining a vehicle air resistance coefficient and a rolling resistance coefficient according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) further comprises,
the test was run in at least three passes each.
3. The method for simultaneously obtaining a vehicle air resistance coefficient and a rolling resistance coefficient according to claim 1, wherein the step 1) further comprises,
the upper limit of the air resistance coefficient Cd is 0.28, and the lower limit of the air resistance coefficient Cd is 0.4;
the upper limit of the rolling resistance coefficient f is 0.008, and the lower limit thereof is 0.02.
4. The method for simultaneously obtaining a vehicle air resistance coefficient and a rolling resistance coefficient according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) further comprises,
the X is a positive number and X <1, typically 0.1 is taken as X.
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| CN105510628B (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-06-08 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wind speed and direction testing device and its test method based on trap for automobile coasting test under big wind speed |
| CN107478437B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2020-09-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for testing relation between road resistance and vehicle speed |
| CN109115452A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-01 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile wind speed test method and device |
| CN109238740B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-24 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Comprehensive evaluation method for automobile sliding resistance based on whole automobile mass and volume |
| CN110441068A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-12 | 辽宁龙马安泰网络技术有限责任公司 | Running car band keeps off gliding system resistance detection method |
| CN112033697A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-04 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Wind resistance analysis method based on road sliding resistance test |
| CN113654809A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-16 | 河南德力新能源汽车有限公司 | Method for measuring actual sliding resistance coefficient of electric automobile by using VBOX equipment |
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