CN103983460A - Vehicle internal resistance testing method - Google Patents
Vehicle internal resistance testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103983460A CN103983460A CN201410176919.6A CN201410176919A CN103983460A CN 103983460 A CN103983460 A CN 103983460A CN 201410176919 A CN201410176919 A CN 201410176919A CN 103983460 A CN103983460 A CN 103983460A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle internal resistance testing method. Sliding tests are respectively performed on a whole vehicle and all detached parts on a chassis dynamometer under different working conditions, and thus the internal resistor value of the whole vehicle and the resistor values of all part systems such as a braking system, a transmission system, a speed changing box and a main speed reducer in states corresponding to various working conditions are obtained. The vehicle internal resistance testing method has the advantages of being high in university, high in precision, low in cost and short in testing cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle performance parameter test method, be specially a kind of method of testing vehicle internal resistance.
Background technology
Vehicle complete vehicle internal resistance is the inherent resistance of automobile self, is mainly divided into brake system and kinematic train two large divisions, and the size of vehicle internal resistance affects car transmissions performance and transmission efficiency, and vehicle oil consumption is exerted an influence.Along with the progressively raising that country requires motor vehicle emission, reduction vehicle complete vehicle resistance raising transmission efficiency seems and becomes more and more important.
At present the existing technical standard of automobile industry, normally under car load road condition, adopts automobile slide method to obtain automobile slide distance, usings the length of coasting distance as the standard of evaluation vehicle complete vehicle resistance.
Existing a set of road real vehicle testing scheme: flexible board torque sensor and speed probe are installed on engine output shaft and are measured engine output net torque and rotating speed, wheel box sensor, transmission shaft sensor, half axle sensor are installed in kinematic train to measure moment of torsion and the rotating speed of each node, high-resolution wheel torque sensor is installed on four wheels of vehicle and is measured tire drag loss, at outside vehicle, windage sensor is installed, is obtained air-resistance power loss.The engine output more than recording and drive wheel power loss, the difference of engaged wheel rotational power loss, tire rolling power loss and air resistance power loss is exactly the overall power loss of kinematic train, then according to formula, calculates the resistance of car load kinematic train.
Above road test test can directly detect car transmissions performance, but road conditions is restive, be limited by the difference of environment (humidity, temperature, wind speed) and region, test findings repeatability and comparability are all poor, and the test of car load road test, when installing each measurement component additional, need to be changed design to part in vehicle drive system and install and measure sensor to facilitate.Car load road test can only be tested for a chassis simultaneously, and interchangeability and versatility are poor, because car transmissions performance is had nothing in common with each other, therefore measured data do not possess representativeness.
Also has in addition a kind of method of utilizing stand to test single parts such as kinematic train and brake system.For example: when carrying out single part engine bench test for kinematic train, generally to using motor as power source, at power train part input end and output terminal, rotating speed, torque sensor are installed respectively, to obtain the parameter of corresponding torque and rotational speed, according to test figure, calculate each parts power loss of power train, can obtain each parts resistance of kinematic train.This monomer bench test method of testing and process settings are all comparatively flexible, can make corresponding change for the structural parameters, test target etc. of test exemplar.But in testing experiment, between institute's simulated automotive operating mode and actual operating mode, have certain gap, this gap is subject to the impact of the loading system of stand and the precision of control system.And to test exemplar while testing, the suffered load of exemplar, vibration be different under car load running status all on stand.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle internal resistance method of testing, to utilize chassis dynamometer to obtain the Resistance Value of each parts of vehicle under vehicle boarded state.
Vehicle internal resistance method of testing of the present invention, comprises the first step: car load Coast-down check test, it comprises the steps: 1.1) instruction carriage is whole vehicle state, instruction carriage carried out on chassis dynamometer to thermal pretreatment;
1.2), after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
1.3) by target resistance curve f (the v)=a+b*v+c*v of this instruction carriage
2in a, b, the value of c be input in the control computer of chassis dynamometer, the value of described a, b, c by this instruction carriage in advance by road coasting test test gained;
1.4) after max. speed and the minimum speed of a motor vehicle are set, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record rotary drum output resistance curve f
1(v)=a
1+ b
1* v+c
1* v
2;
1.5) by formula F (v)=f (v)-f
1(v)-r determines car load internal drag curve F (v), and in formula, r is chassis dynamometer internal resistance;
1.6) utilize above-mentioned car load internal drag curve F (v) interval to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values between the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as instruction carriage car load Coast-down check internal resistance value F
1.
Second step: remove the Coast-down check test of brake system, it comprises the steps:
2.1) brake system of having carried out the vehicle of described first step testing experiment removed and on chassis dynamometer, carry out thermal pretreatment;
2.2), after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
2.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
2(v)=a
2+ b
2* v+c
2* v
2;
2.4) pass through formula F ' (v)=f (v)-f
2(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' after brake system (v);
2.5) utilize the vehicle internal drag curve F ' after above-mentioned dismounting braking (v) according to the same way interval in first step testing experiment, to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
2;
2.6) with the internal resistance value F of described first step testing experiment
1with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
2difference as brake system internal resistance value F
brake system=F
1-F
2.
The 3rd step: remove the Coast-down check test of transmission shaft, it comprises the steps:
3.1) to completing the vehicle of described second step testing experiment, process: further remove the transmission shaft of its drive axle power intake, with the transmission of power of open slew case and transmission shaft, discharge its drag effects;
3.2) this instruction carriage after processing is carried out to thermal pretreatment, after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
3.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
3(v)=a
3+ b
3* v+c
3* v
2;
3.4) pass through formula F ' ' (v)=f (v)-f
3(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' after brake system and transmission shaft (v);
3.5) utilize the vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' of this Coast-down check (v) according to the same way interval in first step testing experiment, to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
3;
3.6) with the internal resistance value F of described second step testing experiment
2with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
3difference as variator internal resistance value F
variator=F
2-F
3.
The 4th step: remove the Coast-down check test of main reducing gear driving tooth, it comprises the steps:
4.1) to completing the vehicle of described the 3rd step testing experiment, process: further remove its main reducing gear driving tooth, to get rid of main reducing gear drag effects;
4.2) instruction carriage after processing is carried out to thermal pretreatment, after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
4.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
4(v)=a
4+ b
4* v+c
4* v
2;
4.4) pass through formula F ' ' ' (v)=f (v)-f
4(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' ' after brake system, transmission shaft and main reducing gear driving tooth (v);
4.5) utilize the vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' ' of this Coast-down check (v) according to the same way interval in first step testing experiment, to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
4;
4.6) with the internal resistance value F of described the 3rd step testing experiment
3with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
4difference as main reducing gear internal resistance value F
main reducing gear=F
3-F
4.
The present invention tests by the Coast-down check that carries out respectively car load and remove under the different operating modes of each parts on chassis dynamometer, thereby record, comprise the data such as sliding speed variation and coasting time, coasting distance, and then calculate each parts system internal resistance values such as the car load of various operating mode corresponding statess and brake system, kinematic train, wheel box, main reducing gear according to correlation formula, obtain the resistance distribution situation under each component mounting whole vehicle state.This method not only Tony has the advantages such as highly versatile, repeatability is high, contrast property is strong, precision is high, expense is low, the test period is short, and discovery and the solution of promoting enterprise problem in new car exploitation and later stage optimization, be significant to promoting autonomous Design research and development ability and manufacture level greatly.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated:
Vehicle internal resistance method of testing of the present invention, comprises the first step: the test of car load Coast-down check, it comprises the steps:
1.1) instruction carriage is whole vehicle state, instruction carriage is carried out on chassis dynamometer to thermal pretreatment, generally with 50km/h speed of a motor vehicle operation 45min;
1.2), after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
1.3) by target resistance curve f (the v)=a+b*v+c*v of this instruction carriage
2in a, b, the value of c be input in the control computer of chassis dynamometer, the value of described a, b, c by this instruction carriage in advance by road coasting test test gained;
1.4) max. speed is set, be, after 120km/h and the minimum speed of a motor vehicle are 20km/h, on chassis dynamometer, to start Coast-down check, and record rotary drum output resistance curve f
1(v)=a
1+ b
1* v+c
1* v
2;
1.5) by formula F (v)=f (v)-f
1(v)-r determines car load internal drag curve F (v), and in formula, r is chassis dynamometer internal resistance;
1.6) utilize above-mentioned car load internal drag curve F (v) to take 10km/h and choose from max. speed to 11 internal resistance values between the minimum speed of a motor vehicle as interval, and calculate its mean value as instruction carriage car load Coast-down check internal resistance value F
1, i.e. F
1=F(120)+F(110) ++ F(30)+F(20) }/11.
Second step: remove the Coast-down check test of brake system, it comprises the steps:
2.1) brake system of having carried out the vehicle of described first step testing experiment removed and on chassis dynamometer, carry out thermal pretreatment, if instruction carriage carries out immediately after having carried out first step testing experiment, use chassis dynamometer motoring ring test car to move 30min with 50km/h, otherwise with 50km/h operation 45min;
2.2), after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
2.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment (it is that 120km/h and the minimum speed of a motor vehicle are 20km/h that max. speed is set), on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
2(v)=a
2+ b
2* v+c
2* v
2;
2.4) pass through formula F ' (v)=f (v)-f
2(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' after brake system (v);
2.5) utilize vehicle internal drag curve F ' after above-mentioned dismounting braking (v) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, to take 10km/h and choose from max. speed to 11 internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle as interval, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
2, i.e. F
2=F ' and (120)+F ' (110) ++ F ' (30)+F ' (20) }/11
2.6) with the internal resistance value F of described first step testing experiment
1with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
2difference as brake system internal resistance value F
brake system=F
1-F
2.
The 3rd step: remove the Coast-down check test of transmission shaft, it comprises the steps:
3.1) to completing the vehicle of described second step testing experiment, process: further remove the transmission shaft of its drive axle power intake, with the transmission of power of open slew case and transmission shaft, discharge its drag effects;
3.2) this instruction carriage after processing is carried out to thermal pretreatment, if instruction carriage carries out immediately after having carried out second step testing experiment, use chassis dynamometer motoring ring test car to move 30min with 50km/h, otherwise with 50km/h operation 45min; After thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
3.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment (it is that 120km/h and the minimum speed of a motor vehicle are 20km/h that max. speed is set), on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
3(v)=a
3+ b
3* v+c
3* v
2;
3.4) pass through formula F ' ' (v)=f (v)-f
3(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' after brake system and transmission shaft (v);
3.5) the vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' that utilizes this Coast-down check (v) be take 10km/h according to the same way in first step testing experiment and is chosen from max. speed to 11 internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle as interval, and calculates its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
3, i.e. F
3=F ' ' and (120)+F ' ' (110) ++ F ' ' (30)+F ' ' (20) }/11
3.6) with the internal resistance value F of described second step testing experiment
2with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
3difference as variator internal resistance value F
variator=F
2-F
3.
The 4th step: remove the Coast-down check test of main reducing gear driving tooth, it comprises the steps:
4.1) to completing the vehicle of described the 3rd step testing experiment, process: further remove its main reducing gear driving tooth, to get rid of main reducing gear drag effects;
4.2) instruction carriage after processing is carried out to thermal pretreatment, if instruction carriage carries out after the 3rd step testing experiment immediately having carried out, use chassis dynamometer motoring ring test car to move 30min with 50km/h, otherwise with 50km/h operation 45min; After thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
4.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment (it is that 120km/h and the minimum speed of a motor vehicle are 20km/h that max. speed is set), on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
4(v)=a
4+ b
4* v+c
4* v
2;
4.4) pass through formula F ' ' ' (v)=f (v)-f
4(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' ' after brake system, transmission shaft and main reducing gear driving tooth (v);
4.5) the vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' ' that utilizes this Coast-down check (v) be take 10km/h according to the same way in first step testing experiment and is chosen from max. speed to 11 internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle as interval, and calculates its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
4, i.e. F
4=F ' ' ' and (120)+F ' ' ' (110) ++ F ' ' ' (30)+F ' ' ' (20) }/11
4.6) with the internal resistance value F of described the 3rd step testing experiment
3with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
4difference as main reducing gear internal resistance value F
main reducing gear=F
3-F
4.
Claims (1)
1. a vehicle internal resistance method of testing, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step: the test of car load Coast-down check, it comprises the steps:
1.1) instruction carriage is whole vehicle state, instruction carriage is carried out on chassis dynamometer to thermal pretreatment;
1.2), after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
1.3) by target resistance curve f (the v)=a+b*v+c*v of this instruction carriage
2in a, b, the value of c be input in the control computer of chassis dynamometer, the value of described a, b, c by this instruction carriage in advance by road coasting test test gained;
1.4) after max. speed and the minimum speed of a motor vehicle are set, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record rotary drum output resistance curve f
1(v)=a
1+ b
1* v+c
1* v
2;
1.5) by formula F (v)=f (v)-f
1(v)-r determines car load internal drag curve F (v), and in formula, r is chassis dynamometer internal resistance;
1.6) utilize above-mentioned car load internal drag curve F (v) interval to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values between the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as instruction carriage car load Coast-down check internal resistance value F
1;
Second step: remove the Coast-down check test of brake system, it comprises the steps:
2.1) brake system of having carried out the vehicle of described first step testing experiment removed and on chassis dynamometer, carry out thermal pretreatment;
2.2), after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
2.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
2(v)=a
2+ b
2* v+c
2* v
2;
2.4) pass through formula F ' (v)=f (v)-f
2(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' after brake system (v);
2.5) utilize the vehicle internal drag curve F ' after above-mentioned dismounting braking (v) according to the same way interval in first step testing experiment, to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
2;
2.6) with the internal resistance value F of described first step testing experiment
1with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
2difference as brake system internal resistance value F
brake system=F
1-F
2;
The 3rd step: remove the Coast-down check test of transmission shaft, it comprises the steps:
3.1) to completing the vehicle of described second step testing experiment, process: further remove the transmission shaft of its drive axle power intake, with the transmission of power of open slew case and transmission shaft, discharge its drag effects;
3.2) this instruction carriage after processing is carried out to thermal pretreatment, after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
3.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
3(v)=a
3+ b
3* v+c
3* v
2;
3.4) pass through formula F ' ' (v)=f (v)-f
3(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' after brake system and transmission shaft (v);
3.5) utilize the vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' of this Coast-down check (v) according to the same way interval in first step testing experiment, to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
3;
3.6) with the internal resistance value F of described second step testing experiment
2with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
3difference as variator internal resistance value F
variator=F
2-F
3;
The 4th step: remove the Coast-down check test of main reducing gear driving tooth, it comprises the steps:
4.1) to completing the vehicle of described the 3rd step testing experiment, process: further remove its main reducing gear driving tooth, to get rid of main reducing gear drag effects;
4.2) instruction carriage after processing is carried out to thermal pretreatment, after thermal pretreatment finishes, if instruction carriage is manual vehicle, vehicle is stopped working, is made as neutral gear the parking brake that comes loose, if instruction carriage is automatic transmission vehicle, starting engine, be made as N shelves the parking brake that comes loose;
4.3) according to the same way in first step testing experiment, on chassis dynamometer, start Coast-down check, and record the rotary drum output resistance curve f of this Coast-down check
4(v)=a
4+ b
4* v+c
4* v
2;
4.4) pass through formula F ' ' ' (v)=f (v)-f
4(v)-r determines that this removes vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' ' after brake system, transmission shaft and main reducing gear driving tooth (v);
4.5) utilize the vehicle internal drag curve F ' ' ' of this Coast-down check (v) according to the same way interval in first step testing experiment, to choose from max. speed to the some internal resistance values the minimum speed of a motor vehicle, and calculate its mean value as this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
4;
4.6) with the internal resistance value F of described the 3rd step testing experiment
3with this Coast-down check internal resistance value F
4difference as main reducing gear internal resistance value F
main reducing gear=F
3-F
4.
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