CN108168608A - The innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste - Google Patents
The innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste Download PDFInfo
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste, including parameter acquiring unit, data transmission unit, data analysis unit and information decision unit；Parameter acquiring unit is detected the parameter in composting fermentation process using Multifunctional data acquisition device；Data transmission unit is used for the parameter information in the composting fermentation process that will receive parameter acquiring unit transmission, and parameter information is sent to data analysis unit；Parameter information in the composting fermentation process that data analysis unit is sent according to data transmission unit analyzes the decomposed degree of compost；Described information decision package includes data management module and information decision module.This system is used for the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring to agriculture and animal husbandry waste, the variation of parameter in composting fermentation process can be monitored in real time, it is good with real-time, convenient for carrying out real time on-line monitoring to compost quality, and greatly improve the conversion rate and efficiency of compost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to compost quality monitoring technical fields, and it is online to be related to the innoxious highly effective compost quality of agriculture and animal husbandry waste
Intelligent monitor system.
Background technology
Compost is a kind of organic fertilizer, and contained nutriment is relatively abundanter, and fertilizer efficiency is long and stablize, and may advantageously facilitate simultaneously
The formation of soil solid particless structure can increase soil water-retaining, heat preservation, ventilative, fertilizer conservation ability, and be used in mixed way with chemical fertilizer and can
It is single to make up nutrient contained by chemical fertilizer, the defects of long-term single use chemical fertilizer makes soil hardening, water conservation, fertilizer conservation degraded performance.Compost
It is to utilize crop straw, weeds, leaf, peat, rubbish and other wastes etc. as primary raw material, mixing people and animals' fecaluria is through heap
The organic fertilizer that decomposition processed forms.
Compost is a kind of effective means for handling organic waste and realizing its recycling, and During High-Temperature Composting decomposes ratio
Medium temperature decomposition rate is fast, and During High-Temperature Composting again can be by killings such as worm's ovum, pathogen, parasite, spores, therefore organic waste goods and materials
General mostly using During High-Temperature Composting in sourceization processing, aerobic compost is not only the side of the organic wastes such as processing consumption feces of livestock and poultry
Method and one kind can stablize biogas residue, improve its performance, the feasible method as excellent soil conditioner or catalyst.Therefore,
On the one hand biogas residue co composting can drive the fermentation of biogas residue by the degradable content of organic matter of feces of livestock and poultry the characteristics of abundant, another
Aspect fermentation in biogas residue can be used as conditioner, be conducive to ventilation supply oxygen, so as to obtain agriculturally it is more valuable, have more
The final products of marketability realize the minimizing of waste, innoxious and recycling.
In aerobic composting process, space heap temperature, moisture, pH value etc. are all to influence Composting process and composting production matter
Two critical process control parameters of amount, suitable temperature and moisture can effectively facilitate heap body and be brought rapidly up and keep good
Megathermal period, accelerate organic matter degradation, largely reduce greenhouse gases and foul gas production row, and promote composting production quality.Separately
Outside, since compost fermentation environment is more severe, it is unfavorable for personnel and enters operation for a long time, therefore, research and development on-line monitoring scale
The outfit technology of aerobic composting process temperature, moisture etc. promotes compost for realizing aerobic composting process automation control
The scientific researches such as quality and development numerical simulation are respectively provided with significance.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring systems of agriculture and animal husbandry waste, solve
Existing compost can not monitor the parameter in composting fermentation process in real time, and then be unable to control compost in yeasting
The problem of quality.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste, passes including parameter acquiring unit, data
Defeated unit, data analysis unit and information decision unit；
The parameter acquiring unit is detected the parameter in composting fermentation process using Multifunctional data acquisition device；
Wherein, multi-functional harvester includes temperature sensor module, oxygen concentration sensor module, water content detection mould
Block, pH value detection module and C/N are respectively used to detect the temperature in compost, oxygen concentration, moisture in real time and contain than detection module
Amount, pH value and C/N ratios；
The data transmission unit is used for the parameter information in the composting fermentation process that will receive parameter acquiring unit transmission,
And parameter information is sent to data analysis unit；
Parameter information in the composting fermentation process that the data analysis unit is sent according to data transmission unit analyzes heap
The decomposed degree of fertilizer；
Wherein, data analysis unit includes information service platform and decomposed degree differentiates database；
Described information decision package includes data management module and information decision module, and the data management module is used to connect
It receives decomposed degree and differentiates the compost parameter information that database is sent, compost maturity is differentiated；
Described information decision-making module differentiates that result and difference C/N than lower compost reaction rate, are carried according to compost maturity
For information decision foundation.
Further, the C/N detects compost in real time than detection module using elemental analysis and Infrared spectra adsorption principle
In C/N ratios, and according to C/N in the unit interval than variation calculate can compost reaction rate.
Further, the reception device of described information service platform, sending device and compost information data respectively with analysis
Application module is bi-directionally connected.
Further, the parameter that the compost information data is detected by compost differentiates that database judges heap with decomposed degree
The index of the decomposed degree of fertilizer, and pass through the agriculture and animal husbandry waste aerobic compost process modeling of integrated intelligent algorithm, it proposes based on probability
The aerobic compost rotten degree comprehensive evaluation model of neural network.
Further, the data transmission unit includes processing module, display module, Zigbee communication module and GSM/
GPRS module；
The processing module uses STM32F103VBT6 chips, joins for receiving in the compost of parameter acquiring unit transmission
Number information, and the compost parameter information of reception is sent to data analysis unit through Zigbee communication and GSM/GPRS modules.
Further, the data transmission unit further includes power supply module, and the power supply module is respectively processing module, shows
Show temperature sensor module, oxygen concentration sensor module, water content detection module and the PH in module and parameter acquiring unit
It is worth detection module and power supply is provided, ensures each module normal work.
Further, compost maturity overall merit mould is established by probabilistic neural network in described information decision package
Type, the structure of the comprehensive evaluation model include the following steps:
The generation of S1, learning sample；
S2, learning sample pretreatment；
S3, the structure of probabilistic neural network, study and inspection；
The comprehensive distinguishing of S4, rotten degree.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
This system is used for the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring to agriculture and animal husbandry waste, passes through parameter acquiring unit
The parameter information in compost is acquired, the parameter information of acquisition is transmitted data through data transmission unit, realizes teledata
Acquisition, the data of acquisition and decomposed degree are differentiated that database is examined and determine, can determine whether compost maturity level index, and pass through
Information decision unit provides reliable judging result for rotten degree and provides reliable information decision, has real-time good, is convenient for
Real time on-line monitoring is carried out, and greatly improve the conversion rate and efficiency of compost to compost quality.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, embodiment will be described below required
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments of the present invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 monitors system schematic for the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence of agriculture and animal husbandry waste in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all other without creative efforts
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Refering to Figure 1, the present invention monitors system, packet for the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence of agriculture and animal husbandry waste
Include parameter acquiring unit, data transmission unit, data analysis unit and information decision unit；
Parameter acquiring unit obtains the parameter information in composting fermentation process using Multifunctional data acquisition device, and will inspection
The parameter information sending value processing module of survey, the Multifunctional data acquisition device include temperature sensor module, oxygen concentration
Sensor assembly, water content detection module, pH value detection module and C/N are passed than detection module, temperature sensor module for temperature
Sensor, for detecting the temperature parameter in compost in real time；Oxygen concentration sensor module is oxygen concentration sensor, for real-time
Detect the oxygen concentration parameter in compost；Water content detection module is moisture transducer, and the moisture for detecting in real time in compost contains
Amount；PH value detection module is for the pH value in detection compost in real time；C/N is inhaled than detection module using elemental analysis and infrared spectrum
Receive principle, detect the C/N ratios in compost in real time, and according to C/N in the unit interval than variation calculate can compost reaction rate.
Data transmission unit includes processing module, power supply module, display module, Zigbee communication module and GSM/GPRS moulds
Block, the processing module use STM32F103VBT6 chips, believe for receiving parameter in the compost of parameter acquiring unit transmission
Breath, and the compost parameter information of reception is sent to data analysis unit through Zigbee communication and GSM/GPRS modules；Power supply mould
Block is respectively temperature sensor module in processing module, display module and parameter acquiring unit, oxygen concentration sensor mould
Block, water content detection module and pH value detection module provide power supply, and wherein solar energy confession can be selected in power supply module or alternating current is supplied
Electricity ensures each module normal work.
Data analysis unit includes information service platform and decomposed degree differentiates database, the reception dress of information service platform
It puts, sending device and compost information data are bi-directionally connected respectively with analysis application module.
Wherein temperature, oxygen concentration, moisture and pH value of the analysis application module in compost, can analyze compost institute
The stage of reaction at place, the stage of reaction are divided into temperature raising period, megathermal period and maturation period.
Compost information data differentiates that database carries out in-line calibration with decomposed degree, and compost information data is detected by compost
Parameter and decomposed degree differentiate that database can determine whether the index of compost maturity degree, wherein compost moisture content, organic matter, large intestine
Bacterium value and seed germination index realize that compost maturity degree accurately differentiates, and by compost maturity degree as discriminant criterion
Judgement structure agriculture and animal husbandry waste aerobic compost process modeling, for compost provide it is perfect, comprehensive, optimize theoretical content.
Information decision unit includes data management module and information decision module, and data management module is used to receive decomposed journey
Degree differentiates the compost parameter information that database is sent, and establishes compost maturity comprehensive evaluation model by probabilistic neural network, sentences
Non-linear relation between other index and stable degree grade, the differentiation for rotten degree provide a kind of general discrimination model,
To obtain rational differentiation result；Information decision module differentiates that result and difference C/N are more anti-than lower compost according to compost maturity
Rate is answered, reliable information decision foundation is provided for staff, convenient for staff to water content, temperature, the C/N ratio of compost
It is controlled, information decision module mainly helps the prison of staff's progress compost by warning and decision forecast information
It surveys, can specifically pass through short message sending compost warning information to personnel.
Wherein, compared with BP neural network, RBF neural network structure is simple, has good generalization, avoids BP nets
Network cumbersome, interminable calculating like that, overcomes the problem of BP networks are easily trapped into local minimum, pace of learning is very fast, and has
Preferable classification capacity etc..
The probabilistic neural network is a kind of deformation of RBF networks, so probabilistic neural network is selected to realize highly effective compost
The comprehensive distinguishing of decomposed degree and quality.The node of comprehensive evaluation model input layer includes heap body moisture content, heap temperature, carbon nitrogen
Than, pH value, oxygen concentration, volatile solids (VS), fecal coliform value, germination index, number of nodes 8；The node of output layer includes
4 grades of compost maturity are decomposed, more decomposed, substantially decomposed and not decomposed, number of nodes 4.It is provided using MATLAB
Neural Network Toolbox realizes building, train, examine and emulating for comprehensive evaluation model, is divided into 4 processes：1. learning sample
Generation；2. learning sample pre-processes；3. the structure of probabilistic neural network, study and inspection；4. the comprehensive distinguishing of rotten degree.
Comprehensive evaluation model structure includes following flow:
The generation of S1, learning sample：Input vector is uniform by the satisfaction generated in the range of 8 each corresponding grades of discriminant criterion
The random number composition of distribution, is responsible for generation by RAND () function of MATLAB；Output vector is made of the data of four types,
I.e. it is decomposed be (1,0,0,0), it is more decomposed be (0,1,0,0), substantially it is decomposed be (0,0,1,0) and it is not decomposed be (0,0,0,1)；Altogether
2000 training samples and 400 verification samples are generated, pass through " over-fitting " for verifying sample to reach in monitoring training process
Phenomenon, so as to which the system after training be made to have generalization ability and predictive ability；
S2, learning sample pretreatment：Sample data is using Premnmx () and Tramnmx () function by appropriate pre- place
Reason, normalizes between -1 and 1, for improving the learning efficiency of neural network；
S3, the structure of probabilistic neural network, study and inspection：The function provided using MATLAB Neural Network Toolbox
Newpnn () and Sim () realizes building, train and examining for probabilistic neural network；
S4, rotten degree differentiate：Using the probabilistic neural network of trained completion, the compost sample that needs differentiate is substituted into
Rotten degree discriminant criterion data are that can obtain the decomposed degree of each compost sample, so that it is determined that compost of each operating mode discharging etc.
Grade.
The correct compost maturity and quality judged is always compost research and the critical issue in organic fertilizer engineering practice.Energy
No safely use is the rotten degree and stability of compost in the key of soil, and organic matter is stable during it is required, and does not plant
Object toxic chemical, pathogen and parasitic ovum.Decomposed degree, the operation of demonstrating model are determined using comprehensive evaluation model
Journey, and the Rational Application for compost provides guidance.
First, the training of probabilistic neural network is carried out using training sample；Then, it is detected, is tied using test samples
Fruit shows that the network output of 100% sample is consistent with target output, meets the requirements.Finally using trained probability god
Through network model, the corresponding monitoring data of each compost sample are inputted, differentiate the rotten degree grade of each compost sample.It treats and each sentences
The influence of other index, probabilistic neural network by self-organizing, self study, it is adaptive the features such as consider all refer to target influence
Differentiated, rotten degree evaluation precision is made to have large increase, so as to which result is more reasonable.
Using the moisture content of compost, organic matter, fecal coliform value and seed germination index as discriminant criterion, can differentiate
Compost maturity grade.
Probabilistic neural network is suitble to the comprehensive distinguishing of compost maturity, with fuzzy multi factor evaluation method and composite index law phase
Than non-linear relation complicated between discriminant criterion and stable degree grade can be established, without expert or related personnel's root
Weight, membership function or the utility function of discriminant criterion are artificially designed according to experience, can also be compost maturity and quality
A kind of general pattern that provides is provided, and differentiates that results contrast is reasonable.
This system is used for the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring to agriculture and animal husbandry waste, passes through parameter acquiring unit
The parameter information in compost is acquired, the parameter information of acquisition is transmitted data through data transmission unit, realizes teledata
Acquisition, the data of acquisition and decomposed degree are differentiated that database is examined and determine, can determine whether compost maturity level index, and pass through
Information decision unit provides reliable judging result for rotten degree and provides reliable information decision, has real-time good, is convenient for
Real time on-line monitoring is carried out, and greatly improve the conversion rate and efficiency of compost to compost quality.
Above content is only the design example and explanation to the present invention, affiliated those skilled in the art
Various modifications or additions are done to described specific embodiment or are substituted in a similar way, without departing from invention
Design or surmount range defined in the claims, be within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste, it is characterised in that：Including parameter acquiring list
Member, data transmission unit, data analysis unit and information decision unit；
The parameter acquiring unit is detected the parameter in composting fermentation process using Multifunctional data acquisition device；
Wherein, multi-functional harvester includes temperature sensor module, oxygen concentration sensor module, water content detection module, PH
It is worth detection module and C/N than detection module, is respectively used to the real-time temperature detected in compost, oxygen concentration, moisture, PH
Value and C/N ratios；
The data transmission unit is used for the parameter information in the composting fermentation process that will receive parameter acquiring unit transmission, and will
Parameter information is sent to data analysis unit；
Parameter information in the composting fermentation process that the data analysis unit is sent according to data transmission unit, analyzes compost
Decomposed degree；
Wherein, data analysis unit includes information service platform and decomposed degree differentiates database；
Described information decision package includes data management module and information decision module, and the data management module is used to receive corruption
Ripe degree differentiates the compost parameter information that database is sent, and compost maturity is differentiated；
Described information decision-making module differentiates that result and difference C/N than lower compost reaction rate, provide letter according to compost maturity
Cease decision-making foundation.
2. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste according to claim 1, feature
It is：The C/N utilizes elemental analysis and Infrared spectra adsorption principle than detection module, detects the C/N ratios in compost in real time, and
According to C/N in the unit interval than variation calculate can compost reaction rate.
3. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste according to claim 1, feature
It is：Reception device, sending device and the compost information data of described information service platform are two-way with analysis application module respectively
Connection.
4. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste according to claim 1, feature
It is：The parameter that the compost information data is detected by compost differentiates that database judges compost maturity degree with decomposed degree
Index, and pass through the agriculture and animal husbandry waste aerobic compost process modeling of integrated intelligent algorithm, it is good based on probabilistic neural network to propose
Oxygen compost maturity comprehensive evaluation model.
5. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste according to claim 1, feature
It is：The data transmission unit includes processing module, display module, Zi gbee communication modules and GSM/GPRS modules；
The processing module uses STM32F103VBT6 chips, believes for receiving parameter in the compost of parameter acquiring unit transmission
Breath, and the compost parameter information of reception is sent to data analysis unit through Z i gbee communications and GSM/GPRS modules.
6. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence monitoring system of agriculture and animal husbandry waste according to claim 5, feature
It is：The data transmission unit further includes power supply module, and the power supply module is respectively processing module, display module and ginseng
Temperature sensor module, oxygen concentration sensor module, water content detection module and pH value detection module in number acquiring unit carry
Power supply source ensures each module normal work.
7. the innoxious highly effective compost quality on-line intelligence prison of agriculture and animal husbandry waste according to claim 1
Examining system, it is characterised in that：Compost maturity synthesis is established in described information decision package by probabilistic neural network to comment
Valency model, the structure of the comprehensive evaluation model include the following steps:
The generation of S1, learning sample；
S2, learning sample pretreatment；
S3, the structure of probabilistic neural network, study and inspection；
The comprehensive distinguishing of S4, rotten degree.
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| CN110780612A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-11 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | Fully-isolated beasts and birds innocent treatment monitoring system dying of illness |
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| CN113793645A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江大学 | Compost maturity prediction method based on machine learning model |
| CN114530209A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-05-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for predicting humification degree of urban and rural mixed garbage aerobic fermentation based on ANN |
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