CN108168499B - Coaxiality error measuring method and system - Google Patents
Coaxiality error measuring method and system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108168499B CN108168499B CN201711461191.1A CN201711461191A CN108168499B CN 108168499 B CN108168499 B CN 108168499B CN 201711461191 A CN201711461191 A CN 201711461191A CN 108168499 B CN108168499 B CN 108168499B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- equipment
- section
- data set
- workpiece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
Abstract
The application discloses a coaxiality error measuring method and a measuring system, wherein when the coaxiality error is measured by the coaxiality error measuring method, only the position relation data set of different sections of a shaft workpiece needs to be measured through laser measuring equipment, the shaft workpiece does not need to be measured by a customized measuring instrument and a contact measuring instrument, the possibility of scratching the shaft workpiece in the measuring process is avoided, the measuring process is simple and convenient, and therefore the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of geometric measurement of shaft workpieces, in particular to a coaxiality error measuring method and system.
Background
In the field of precision manufacturing in the mechanical industry, the processing and detection of shaft workpieces are always an important and complex problem. From a certain angle, the detection precision in the manufacturing process of the shaft-type workpiece reversely restricts the machining precision. The online detection capability of the shaft workpiece is improved, the processing quality is further ensured, and the method has important significance for promoting the development of the manufacturing level of the shaft workpiece.
According to incomplete statistics, the total amount of the shaft-producing parts in China is about 10 hundred million, but the competitiveness in the international market, particularly the high-end shaft market, is very limited, and the requirement of the whole industry on an advanced quality detection means is very urgent. At present, when a manufacturer of shaft workpieces detects coaxiality errors of the shaft workpieces, a specially-made measuring instrument needs to be customized for the specific shaft workpieces, the measuring process is complicated, measuring tools need to be frequently replaced in the measuring process, the possibility of scratching the shaft workpieces exists particularly when the contact-type measuring instrument is used for measuring, the automation degree is low, and the further improvement of the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality errors of the shaft workpieces is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides a coaxiality error measuring method and a measuring system so as to achieve the purpose of improving the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality error of the shaft-type workpiece.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the embodiment of the application provides the following technical scheme:
a coaxiality error measuring method is realized based on laser measuring equipment, and the laser measuring equipment comprises: the device comprises a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle coding device and a diameter measuring device; the rotating equipment is used for mounting the shaft workpieces and driving the shaft workpieces to rotate in a preset horizontal plane, the angle coding equipment is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft workpieces in the rotating motion, and acquiring angle data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft workpieces according to angle pulses transmitted by the control equipment; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece according to the stepping pulse signal transmitted by the control equipment, so that the diameter measuring equipment can measure the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control equipment is used for sending a stepping pulse signal to the stepping equipment and sending an angle pulse signal to the rotating equipment so as to control the movement of the stepping equipment and the rotating equipment, and receiving data measured by the angle coding equipment and the diameter measuring equipment to obtain a position relation data set of the cross section of the shaft workpiece at different rotation angles and corresponding radial end points of the cross section of the shaft workpiece; the coaxiality error measuring method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a position relation data set of radial end points corresponding to the cross sections at different rotation angles at the cross section positions of the shaft workpieces;
fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data set;
calculating to obtain the circle center jumping quantity corresponding to the section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve;
and determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece according to the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece.
Optionally, the calculating to obtain the circle center jump amount corresponding to the cross section according to the peak position and the valley position of the fitted sinusoidal curve includes:
obtaining values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve;
substituting the values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve into a preset formula, and calculating to obtain the circle center jumping amount corresponding to the section;
the preset formula is as follows: and T is Y1-Y2, wherein T is the jumping amount of the circle center, Y1 represents the value of the position of the peak of the fitted sine curve, and Y2 represents the value of the position of the trough of the fitted sine curve.
Optionally, the obtaining, by fitting, a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to a midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data sets of the cross section at different rotation angles and corresponding radial endpoints thereof includes:
calculating the midpoint of the first endpoint and the second endpoint of the obtained position relation data set as the midpoint of the position relation data set;
and fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the midpoint position of the position relation data set.
Optionally, the determining the coaxiality error of the shaft-like workpiece according to the circle center runout amounts corresponding to a plurality of different cross-sectional positions of the shaft-like workpiece includes:
and taking the maximum value of the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece as the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece.
A coaxiality error measuring system is realized based on a laser measuring device, and the laser measuring device comprises: the device comprises a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle coding device and a diameter measuring device; the rotating equipment is used for mounting the shaft workpieces and driving the shaft workpieces to rotate in a preset horizontal plane, the angle coding equipment is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft workpieces in the rotating motion, and acquiring angle data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft workpieces according to angle pulses transmitted by the control equipment; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece according to the stepping pulse signal transmitted by the control equipment, so that the diameter measuring equipment can measure the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control equipment is used for sending a stepping pulse signal to the stepping equipment and sending an angle pulse signal to the rotating equipment so as to control the movement of the stepping equipment and the rotating equipment, and receiving data measured by the angle coding equipment and the diameter measuring equipment to obtain a position relation data set of position relation data sets of the cross section of the shaft workpiece at different rotating angles and corresponding radial end points of the cross section of the shaft workpiece; the coaxiality error measuring system comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a data set of the position relation at the section position of the shaft workpiece;
the curve fitting module is used for fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data set;
the first calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the circle center jumping quantity corresponding to the section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve;
and the second calculation module is used for determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece according to the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece.
Optionally, the first computing module includes:
the reading unit is used for obtaining values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve;
the calculating unit is used for substituting the values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve into a preset formula to calculate and obtain the circle center jumping amount corresponding to the section;
the preset formula is as follows: and T is Y1-Y2, wherein T is the jumping amount of the circle center, Y1 represents the value of the position of the peak of the fitted sine curve, and Y2 represents the value of the position of the trough of the fitted sine curve.
Optionally, the curve fitting module includes:
a midpoint calculating unit, configured to calculate a midpoint between the first endpoint location and the second endpoint location of the obtained position relationship data set as a midpoint location of the position relationship data set;
and the fitting unit is used for fitting to obtain a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the midpoint position of the position relation data set.
Optionally, the second calculation module is specifically configured to use a maximum value of circle center jump amounts corresponding to a plurality of different cross-sectional positions of the shaft-like workpiece as a coaxiality error of the shaft-like workpiece.
It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, in the coaxiality error measurement method, a position relation data set of the cross section of the shaft-type workpiece at different rotation angles and corresponding radial end points thereof is obtained, and according to the position relation data set, a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set is obtained by fitting, and the fitted sinusoidal curve corresponds to the motion trajectory of the center of a fitted circle at the cross section position around the common reference axis of the shaft-type workpiece at different rotation angles, so that the amount of circle center jump of the fitted circle corresponding to the cross section position can be calculated and obtained according to the peak position and the valley position of the fitted sinusoidal curve; and finally, determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece by comparing the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece. When the coaxiality error is measured, the coaxiality error measuring method only needs to measure the position relation data set of different sections of the shaft workpiece through laser measuring equipment, and does not need to measure the shaft workpiece by adopting a customized measuring instrument and a contact measuring instrument, so that the possibility of scratching the shaft workpiece in the measuring process is avoided, the measuring process is simple and convenient, and the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring a coaxiality error according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a laser measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a diameter measurement device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a diameter measurement device calibration process provided by one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a diameter measurement device measurement process provided by one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a model of diameter measurement device measurement data provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shaft-type workpiece according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of establishing a common reference axis from an extracted centerline according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9(a) is a schematic illustration of a reference axis provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9(b) is a schematic diagram of a relationship between a reference axis and an extraction centerline according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring a coaxiality error according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for measuring a coaxiality error according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of midpoint locations in a set of positional relationship data provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring a coaxiality error according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a coaxiality error measuring method, which is realized based on laser measuring equipment as shown in fig. 1, wherein the laser measuring equipment comprises: the device comprises a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle coding device and a diameter measuring device; the rotating equipment is used for mounting the shaft workpieces and driving the shaft workpieces to rotate in a preset horizontal plane, the angle coding equipment is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft workpieces in the rotating motion, and acquiring angle data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft workpieces according to angle pulses transmitted by the control equipment; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece according to the stepping pulse signal transmitted by the control equipment, so that the diameter measuring equipment can measure the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control equipment is used for sending a stepping pulse signal to the stepping equipment and sending an angle pulse signal to the rotating equipment so as to control the movement of the stepping equipment and the rotating equipment, and receiving data measured by the angle coding equipment and the diameter measuring equipment to obtain a position relation data set of position relation data sets of the cross section of the shaft workpiece at different rotating angles and corresponding radial end points of the cross section of the shaft workpiece; the coaxiality error measuring method comprises the following steps:
s101: acquiring a position relation data set of the cross section at different rotation angles and corresponding radial end points of the cross section at the position of the cross section of the shaft workpiece;
s102: fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data set;
s103: calculating to obtain the circle center jumping quantity corresponding to the section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve;
s104: and determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece according to the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece.
It should be noted that the laser measuring device mainly includes a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle encoding device and a diameter measuring device, referring to fig. 2, the shaft-like workpiece is mounted on the rotating device, the rotating device drives the shaft-like workpiece to rotate in a plane (a preset horizontal plane) perpendicular to a paper surface, the angle encoding device is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft-like workpiece in the rotating motion, and acquiring test data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft-like workpiece according to an angle pulse transmitted by the control device; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece so that the diameter measuring equipment can measure the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control device is used for controlling the motion of the stepping device and the rotating device, receiving data measured by the angle coding device and the diameter measuring device, and obtaining a position relation data set of the cross section of the shaft-type workpiece, wherein reference numeral 10 in fig. 2 represents the rotating device, 20 represents the diameter measuring device, 30 represents the stepping device, 40 represents the angle coding device, 50 represents the control device, and WP represents the shaft-type workpiece.
Optionally, the stepping device may be composed of a stepping motor, an air-float guide rail and a grating scale, so as to achieve the purpose of program-controlled step scanning by combining with a diameter measuring device; the diameter measuring device may be a laser alignment measuring ruler; the rotating equipment can be a direct current torque motor; the angle encoding apparatus may be an extended range encoder.
When the direct current measuring device is a laser collimation measuring scale, the structure of the diameter measuring device is as shown in fig. 3, and the diameter measuring device mainly comprises two measuring scales which are arranged oppositely, each measuring scale comprises a laser emitting surface and a laser receiving surface, the laser receiving surface is used for receiving laser emitted by the laser emitting surface, when an object to be measured is arranged between the two measuring scales, the laser emitted by the laser emitting surface is shielded, the laser receiving surface can obtain the end position of the object to be measured through the shielded part, the diameter measuring device needs to perform a relative calibration process before being used, and referring to fig. 4, the diameter measuring device is calibrated by using a metering-level standard cylinder as a reference; in fig. 3 and 4, two measuring scales respectively emit laser from a laser emitting surface, the laser blocked by the standard cylinder of the measuring scale cannot be received by the laser receiving surface of the measuring scale, and the diameter measurement is realized through the blocked part. In the calibration process, the measuring scale is required to be moved firstly to collect measurement data of the standard cylinder of the measuring grade in the calibration mode, and the diameter reference of the relative zero difference value of the diameter of the standard cylinder and the zero point position of the coordinate system can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 5 when the diameter measuring device is used for measurement, the actually measured cross-sectional circular profile of the shaft-like workpiece is changed from that of the standard cylinder. The first end point position and the second end point position of the cross-sectional circle of the measured shaft workpiece can be measured, the diameter measurement value of the measured cross-sectional circle can be calculated and given through a specified calculation formula, and the coordinate variation of the two end points of the diameter relative to the standard cylinder in the Y direction is given, in the figures 3-5, the reference numeral 21 represents the laser emitting surface of the measuring scale, 22 represents the laser receiving surface of the measuring scale, in the figures 4 and 5, -0, +0 represents the end point positions of the standard cylinder in the two measuring scales in the calibration process, namely, the first end point position and the second end point position, 0 represents the zero position of the standard cylinder in the calibration process, L0 represents the diameter of the standard cylinder, and L1 represents the diameter of the measured cylinder.
In the actual measurement process, the data model refers to fig. 6, where the angle pulse is used to control the rotation of the rotating device, the zero position pulse is used to record whether the shaft-like workpiece rotates for one circle, and the obtained data is the first endpoint position, the second endpoint position and the diameter length of the measured shaft-like workpiece obtained by the diameter measuring device under different angle pulses, where the midpoint position may be obtained by calculation.
The definition of coaxiality and the principle of the present application for measuring coaxiality will be explained below:
referring to fig. 7, the shaft-type workpiece can be regarded as being composed of a plurality of cylinders with different diameters, the cylinders forming a plurality of steps, the cylinders forming each step have their own reference axes, the shaft-type workpieces formed by the cylinders of the steps together have a common reference axis, when a coaxiality error exists in the shaft-type workpiece, the reference axis of each cylinder and the common reference axis of the shaft-type workpiece are not on the same straight line, and the deviation of the reference axis of each cylinder from the common reference axis of the shaft-type workpiece is called the coaxiality error of the cylinder.
According to the principle of minimum area in GB/T1182-2008, the diameter of the minimum cylinder which can include the extraction central line (the connecting line of the centers of the fitting circles of a plurality of section circles) of each cylinder in the neighborhood of the common reference axis is used as the coaxiality error measurement result of the measured shaft. The coaxiality is measured, and two key problems are solved:
a) determining a common reference axis of the shaft workpieces;
b) the extracted centerline of each cylinder is determined.
GB/T18780.2-2003 specifies that when a common reference axis is established from two or more extracted centre lines, the common reference axis is a fitting axis common to the extracted centre lines, as shown in figure 8.
When the reference axis of each step is established from the extracted center line, the reference axis is a straight line fitted to the extracted center line, as shown in fig. 9 (a). The extraction centerline is a trajectory of the center of the extraction profile of each cross section of the extraction solid, each cross section being perpendicular to the axis of the fitting solid obtained from the extraction surface, as shown in fig. 9 (b). The center of the extracted contour refers to the center of a circle fitted to the contour.
In this embodiment, a plurality of different cross-section positions of a shaft-type workpiece are measured, a position relation data set corresponding to the cross-section positions is obtained, then a fitting sinusoidal curve corresponding to a midpoint position of the position relation data set is obtained through fitting according to the position relation data set, the obtained fitting sinusoidal curve corresponds to a motion track of the center of a fitting circle at the cross-section position around a common reference axis of the shaft-type workpiece at different rotation angles, and therefore, a circle center jumping amount corresponding to the cross-section position can be obtained through calculation according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve; and finally, determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece by comparing the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece. When the coaxiality error is measured, the coaxiality error measuring method only needs to measure the position relation data set of different sections of the shaft workpiece through laser measuring equipment, and does not need to measure the shaft workpiece by adopting a customized measuring instrument and a contact measuring instrument, so that the possibility of scratching the shaft workpiece in the measuring process is avoided, the measuring process is simple and convenient, and the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece is improved.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 10, the calculating to obtain the circle center jump amount corresponding to the cross section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoid includes:
s1031: obtaining values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve;
s1032: substituting the values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve into a preset formula, and calculating to obtain the circle center jumping amount corresponding to the section;
the preset formula is as follows: and T is Y1-Y2, wherein T is the jumping amount of the circle center, Y1 represents the value of the position of the peak of the fitted sine curve, and Y2 represents the value of the position of the trough of the fitted sine curve.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, the obtaining, by fitting according to the position relationship data set, a fitted sinusoid corresponding to a midpoint position of the position relationship data set includes:
s1021: calculating the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the first endpoint position and the second endpoint position of the obtained position relation data set;
s1022: and fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the midpoint position of the position relation data set.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 12, a schematic diagram of the midpoint position of the obtained position relationship data set is calculated according to the first endpoint position and the second endpoint position of the obtained position relationship data set, after the first endpoint position and the second endpoint position are measured at a plurality of rotation angles, the midpoint calculation is performed on the first endpoint position and the second endpoint position of each group respectively, so as to obtain the midpoint position of the first endpoint position and the second endpoint position of each group, in fig. 12, reference numerals DP1 and DP2 respectively represent the first endpoint and the second endpoint, and MP represents the midpoint position obtained by calculating the first endpoint position and the second endpoint position.
In the process of obtaining a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relationship data set by fitting according to the midpoint position of the position relationship data set, a fitting method of a least square method is adopted, and since the process of fitting a sinusoidal curve by using a least square method is well known to those skilled in the art, details of the application are not repeated herein.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 13, the determining the coaxiality error of the shaft-like workpiece according to the circle center runout amounts corresponding to a plurality of different cross-sectional positions of the shaft-like workpiece includes:
s1041: and taking the maximum value of the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece as the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece.
According to the definition of coaxiality: the diameter of the smallest cylinder of each cylinder extraction center line in the adjacent region of the common reference axis can be used as a measurement result of the coaxiality error of the measured shaft, and the largest value is selected from the circle center jumping amounts corresponding to more cross-section positions to be used as the coaxiality error of the shaft type workpiece, and the coaxiality error is closer to the real coaxiality error of the shaft type workpiece.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring a coaxiality error, where a position relationship data set of a cross section of a shaft-like workpiece at different rotation angles and corresponding radial end points thereof is obtained, and a fitting sinusoidal curve corresponding to a midpoint position of the position relationship data set is obtained by fitting according to the position relationship data set, where the fitting sinusoidal curve corresponds to a motion trajectory of a center of a fitting circle at the cross section position around a common reference axis of the shaft-like workpiece at different rotation angles, so that a circle center jumping amount of the fitting circle corresponding to the cross section position can be calculated according to a peak position and a valley position of the fitting sinusoidal curve; and finally, determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece by comparing the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece. When the coaxiality error is measured, the coaxiality error measuring method only needs to measure the position relation data set of different sections of the shaft workpiece through laser measuring equipment, and does not need to measure the shaft workpiece by adopting a customized measuring instrument and a contact measuring instrument, so that the possibility of scratching the shaft workpiece in the measuring process is avoided, the measuring process is simple and convenient, and the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece is improved.
The following describes the coaxiality error measurement system provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the coaxiality error measurement system described below and the coaxiality error measurement method described above may be referred to in correspondence with each other.
A coaxiality error measuring system is realized based on a laser measuring device, and the laser measuring device comprises: the device comprises a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle coding device and a diameter measuring device; the rotating equipment is used for mounting the shaft workpieces and driving the shaft workpieces to rotate in a preset horizontal plane, the angle coding equipment is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft workpieces in the rotating motion, and acquiring angle data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft workpieces according to angle pulses transmitted by the control equipment; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece according to the stepping pulse signal transmitted by the control equipment, so that the diameter measuring equipment can measure the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control equipment is used for sending a stepping pulse signal to the stepping equipment and sending an angle pulse signal to the rotating equipment so as to control the movement of the stepping equipment and the rotating equipment, and receiving data measured by the angle coding equipment and the diameter measuring equipment to obtain a position relation data set of position relation data sets of the cross section of the shaft workpiece at different rotating angles and corresponding radial end points of the cross section of the shaft workpiece; the coaxiality error measuring system comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a data set of the position relation at the section position of the shaft workpiece;
the curve fitting module is used for fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data set;
the first calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the circle center jumping quantity corresponding to the section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve;
and the second calculation module is used for determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece according to the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece.
Optionally, the first computing module includes:
the reading unit is used for obtaining values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve;
the calculating unit is used for substituting the values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve into a preset formula to calculate and obtain the circle center jumping amount corresponding to the section;
the preset formula is as follows: and T is Y1-Y2, wherein T is the jumping amount of the circle center, Y1 represents the value of the position of the peak of the fitted sine curve, and Y2 represents the value of the position of the trough of the fitted sine curve.
Optionally, the curve fitting module includes:
a midpoint calculating unit, configured to calculate a midpoint between the first endpoint location and the second endpoint location of the obtained position relationship data set as a midpoint location of the position relationship data set;
and the fitting unit is used for fitting to obtain a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the midpoint position of the position relation data set.
Optionally, the second calculation module is specifically configured to use a maximum value of circle center jump amounts corresponding to a plurality of different cross-sectional positions of the shaft-like workpiece as a coaxiality error of the shaft-like workpiece.
In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a system for measuring a coaxiality error, where the method obtains a position relationship data set of a cross section of a shaft-like workpiece at different rotation angles and corresponding radial end points thereof, and fits to obtain a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to a midpoint position of the position relationship data set according to the position relationship data set, where the fitted sinusoidal curve corresponds to a motion trajectory of a center of a fitted circle at the cross-section position around a common reference axis of the shaft-like workpiece at different rotation angles, so that a circle center jumping amount of the fitted circle corresponding to the cross-section position can be calculated according to a peak position and a trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve; and finally, determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece by comparing the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece. When the coaxiality error is measured, the coaxiality error measuring method only needs to measure the position relation data set of different sections of the shaft workpiece through laser measuring equipment, and does not need to measure the shaft workpiece by adopting a customized measuring instrument and a contact measuring instrument, so that the possibility of scratching the shaft workpiece in the measuring process is avoided, the measuring process is simple and convenient, and the measuring efficiency of the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece is improved.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A coaxiality error measuring method is characterized by being realized based on laser measuring equipment, and the laser measuring equipment comprises the following steps: the device comprises a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle coding device and a diameter measuring device; the rotating equipment is used for mounting the shaft workpieces and driving the shaft workpieces to rotate in a preset horizontal plane, the angle coding equipment is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft workpieces in the rotating motion, and acquiring angle data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft workpieces according to angle pulses transmitted by the control equipment; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece according to the stepping pulse signal transmitted by the control equipment, so that the diameter measuring equipment measures the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions, and the position of the first end point and the position of the second end point are two radial end points of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control equipment is used for sending a stepping pulse signal to the stepping equipment and sending an angle pulse signal to the rotating equipment so as to control the movement of the stepping equipment and the rotating equipment, receiving data measured by the angle coding equipment and the diameter measuring equipment and obtaining a position relation data set of radial end points of the section of the shaft workpiece at different rotation angles and the radial end points corresponding to the section; the coaxiality error measuring method comprises the following steps:
acquiring radial end points of the section at different rotation angles and a position relation data set of the radial end points corresponding to the section at the section position of the shaft workpiece;
fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data set;
calculating to obtain the circle center jumping quantity corresponding to the section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve;
and determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece according to the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating to obtain the circle center jump amount corresponding to the cross section according to the peak position and the valley position of the fitted sinusoid comprises:
obtaining values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve;
substituting the values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve into a preset formula, and calculating to obtain the circle center jumping amount corresponding to the section;
the preset formula is as follows: and T is Y1-Y2, wherein T is the jumping amount of the circle center, Y1 represents the value of the position of the peak of the fitted sine curve, and Y2 represents the value of the position of the trough of the fitted sine curve.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining, by fitting, a fitted sinusoid corresponding to a midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data sets of the cross section at different rotation angles and corresponding radial endpoints thereof comprises:
calculating the midpoint of the first endpoint and the second endpoint of the obtained position relation data set as the midpoint of the position relation data set;
and fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the midpoint position of the position relation data set.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the coaxiality error of the shaft-like workpiece according to the run-out amounts of the centers of the circles corresponding to the plurality of different cross-sectional positions of the shaft-like workpiece comprises:
and taking the maximum value of the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece as the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece.
5. A coaxiality error measurement system, realized based on a laser measurement apparatus, the laser measurement apparatus comprising: the device comprises a control device, a stepping device, a rotating device, an angle coding device and a diameter measuring device; the rotating equipment is used for mounting the shaft workpieces and driving the shaft workpieces to rotate in a preset horizontal plane, the angle coding equipment is used for defining a relative zero point of the shaft workpieces in the rotating motion, and acquiring angle data corresponding to each rotating angle of the shaft workpieces according to angle pulses transmitted by the control equipment; the stepping equipment is used for driving the diameter measuring equipment to move along the extension direction of the shaft workpiece according to the stepping pulse signal transmitted by the control equipment, so that the diameter measuring equipment measures the position of a first end point and the position of a second end point of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions, and the position of the first end point and the position of the second end point are two radial end points of the shaft workpiece at different cross-section positions; the control equipment is used for sending a stepping pulse signal to the stepping equipment and sending an angle pulse signal to the rotating equipment so as to control the movement of the stepping equipment and the rotating equipment, receiving data measured by the angle coding equipment and the diameter measuring equipment and obtaining a position relation data set of radial end points of the section of the shaft workpiece at different rotation angles and the radial end points corresponding to the section; the coaxiality error measuring system comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring radial end points of the section at different rotation angles and a position relation data set of the radial end points corresponding to the section at the section position of the shaft workpiece;
the curve fitting module is used for fitting to obtain a fitted sine curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the position relation data set;
the first calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining the circle center jumping quantity corresponding to the section according to the peak position and the trough position of the fitted sinusoidal curve;
and the second calculation module is used for determining the coaxiality error of the shaft workpiece according to the circle center jumping quantities corresponding to a plurality of different cross section positions of the shaft workpiece.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the first computing module comprises:
the reading unit is used for obtaining values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve;
the calculating unit is used for substituting the values of the peak position and the trough position of the fitting sinusoidal curve into a preset formula to calculate and obtain the circle center jumping amount corresponding to the section;
the preset formula is as follows: and T is Y1-Y2, wherein T is the jumping amount of the circle center, Y1 represents the value of the position of the peak of the fitted sine curve, and Y2 represents the value of the position of the trough of the fitted sine curve.
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the curve fitting module comprises:
a midpoint calculating unit, configured to calculate a midpoint between the first endpoint location and the second endpoint location of the obtained position relationship data set as a midpoint location of the position relationship data set;
and the fitting unit is used for fitting to obtain a fitted sinusoidal curve corresponding to the midpoint position of the position relation data set according to the midpoint position of the position relation data set.
8. The system according to claim 5, wherein the second calculation module is specifically configured to use a maximum value of the circle center runout amounts corresponding to a plurality of different cross-sectional positions of the shaft-like workpiece as the coaxiality error of the shaft-like workpiece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711461191.1A CN108168499B (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Coaxiality error measuring method and system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711461191.1A CN108168499B (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Coaxiality error measuring method and system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108168499A CN108168499A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
| CN108168499B true CN108168499B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
Family
ID=62519134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711461191.1A Active CN108168499B (en) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | Coaxiality error measuring method and system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108168499B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109029269B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-08-04 | 中国计量大学 | Geometric parameter detection method for roller product |
| CN109916343A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-21 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of measurement method and system using single laser sensor detection concentricity |
| CN110567427B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-05-18 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Non-coaxiality detection system, method and processing device |
| CN110779471B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-06-18 | 北京泓慧国际能源技术发展有限公司 | Coaxiality measuring method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN111412865A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Non-contact type coaxiality measuring device and method |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5980094A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1999-11-09 | Csi Technology, Inc. | Analysis of alignment data |
| CN102239385A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2011-11-09 | 特纳瑞斯连接有限责任公司 | Measurement method and device for thread parameters |
| CN102506800A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-06-20 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Method for carrying out diameter two-point six-transposition measurement on roundness error of large-scale shaft part and kinematic error of machine tool spindle |
| CN103240592A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-08-14 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Method for accurately determining rotating center of turning engine unit of water-turbine generator unit |
| CN204346379U (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-20 | 张家港兴业钢管有限公司 | Weldless steel tube internal-and external diameter measuring instrument |
| RU2561018C1 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-08-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт оптико-электронного приборостроения" (ОАО "НИИ ОЭП") | Interferometric method of adjusting two-mirror lens with aspherical elements |
| CN106017392A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-12 | 赵艳丽 | Method for detecting circular cross section contour and coaxiality of electric iron tower steel pipe from multiple points simultaneously |
-
2017
- 2017-12-28 CN CN201711461191.1A patent/CN108168499B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5980094A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1999-11-09 | Csi Technology, Inc. | Analysis of alignment data |
| CN102239385A (en) * | 2008-12-05 | 2011-11-09 | 特纳瑞斯连接有限责任公司 | Measurement method and device for thread parameters |
| CN102506800A (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2012-06-20 | 天津职业技术师范大学 | Method for carrying out diameter two-point six-transposition measurement on roundness error of large-scale shaft part and kinematic error of machine tool spindle |
| CN103240592A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-08-14 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Method for accurately determining rotating center of turning engine unit of water-turbine generator unit |
| RU2561018C1 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-08-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт оптико-электронного приборостроения" (ОАО "НИИ ОЭП") | Interferometric method of adjusting two-mirror lens with aspherical elements |
| CN204346379U (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-20 | 张家港兴业钢管有限公司 | Weldless steel tube internal-and external diameter measuring instrument |
| CN106017392A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-10-12 | 赵艳丽 | Method for detecting circular cross section contour and coaxiality of electric iron tower steel pipe from multiple points simultaneously |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108168499A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108168499B (en) | Coaxiality error measuring method and system | |
| CN108151669B (en) | Roundness error measuring method and system | |
| CN102937409B (en) | Polar coordinate gear measurement center and zero calibrating method thereof | |
| CN101762253B (en) | System and method for multi-sensor-based on-line multi-dimension measurement of special-shaped shaft-type workpieces | |
| CN102116611B (en) | Detection method for cam outline detection system | |
| CN110906876A (en) | Non-contact extreme method inner diameter detection method and device | |
| CN103822588B (en) | Based on noncontact formula form copying method cabin body section girth measuring apparatus and measuring method | |
| CN113446966B (en) | Method and device for measuring straightness of end of steel pipe | |
| CN202204481U (en) | Gear chamfering laser gauge | |
| CN103659467A (en) | Method for calibrating axial prestroke of touch-type measuring head | |
| CN103264318B (en) | A kind of online test method of three-dimensional profile | |
| CN102122144A (en) | Numerical control system for detecting cam contours | |
| CN102147238B (en) | Device for detecting cam profile | |
| CN109631812B (en) | Method for automatically measuring size of gear | |
| CN108332642B (en) | Right-angle head precision detection method | |
| CN105157583B (en) | A kind of axle journal length measuring system | |
| CN108168457B (en) | Cylindricity error measuring method and system | |
| CN102200762A (en) | Numerical control system for contour detection of cam | |
| CN109141329A (en) | A kind of ball screw On-line Measuring Method based on one-dimensional touch trigger probe | |
| US9752860B2 (en) | System and method for gear measurement | |
| CN105466381A (en) | Concave arc radius detection and arc degree determination apparatus and method | |
| CN203464915U (en) | Coordinate measuring machine | |
| CN116203480B (en) | Rotor surface magnetic field detection correction compensation method and system | |
| CN114087972B (en) | Device for measuring shape error of long hole part | |
| CN203542367U (en) | Device for automatically detecting and compensating grinding wheel and grinding processing center |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |