CN108167841A - A kind of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system - Google Patents
A kind of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108167841A CN108167841A CN201810096257.XA CN201810096257A CN108167841A CN 108167841 A CN108167841 A CN 108167841A CN 201810096257 A CN201810096257 A CN 201810096257A CN 108167841 A CN108167841 A CN 108167841A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/18—Radioactive materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to middle cool waste processing equipment technical fields, it is related to a kind of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system, for handling combustable organic class waste is put comprising low in radioactive substance caused by hospital, scientific research institution and nuclear power unit, cool waste accumulating amount is big in solving the problems, such as, stores difficult, the volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization；It pyrolysis installation and burner and is an integral structure in its agent structure, thermal decomposition product falls into solid combustion room that calcination reduces clinker ignition loss again by fire grate；Reducing feed zone realizes material envelope function；The diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber is more than solid combustion room diameter, and reducing smoke wind speed reduces flying dust amount, its overall structure is simple, and principle is reliable, facility compact, floor space is small, volume reduction rate is high, and solidification effect is good, and secondary pollution is low, application environment is friendly, investment and operation cost are low, energy conservation and environmental protection, with good economic efficiency and vast market prospect.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to middle cool waste processing equipment technical fields, are related to a kind of waste treatment system, particularly
A kind of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system is put for handling to include caused by hospital, scientific research institution and nuclear power unit
It is low in penetrating property substance to put combustable organic class waste, the volume reduction and harmless treatment of cool waste in realization.
Background technology：
Classify from technological layer, radwaste is broadly divided into two class of high radioactivity and middle low-activity.High radioactivity is put
Injectivity waste mainly includes spentnuclear fuel and its processed material that nuclear fuel generates after power generation；Middle cool waste generally comprises core
Hydration system, exchanger resin when the contaminated equipment in power station, detection device, operation, waste water and waste liquid；It further includes hospital, factory, grind
Study carefully the waste that the generations such as mechanism and nuclear power plant include radioactive substance, such as clothing, stationery, test tool, in low radiation
Property waste accounted for the 99% of all radwastes, wherein, it is most of generated for nuclear power plant it is useless comprising radioactive substance
Gurry, the harmfulness of middle cool waste is relatively low, but radwaste is with unique properties, makes it very numb in processes
It is tired：1. radioactivity：The radioactivity of radwaste cannot be eliminated with general physics, chemistry and biological method, can only be by radiation
The decay of property nucleic itself and reduce.2. radio-hazard：When the ray that radwaste is released passes through substance, ionization occurs and swashs
Breaking-out is used, and can cause radiation injury to organism.3. thermal energy discharges：Radionuclide releases energy by decay in radwaste
Amount, when radionuclide amount is higher, the thermal energy of release can cause the temperature of radwaste constantly to rise or even make solution
It voluntarily boils, solid voluntarily melts.Burning is to one of common technology method of combustible waste volume reduction and stabilization processes.It is conventional
Incinerating method be by it is low put combustible waste and be placed in high-temperature incinerator burn, it is further solid to generate inertia slag or ashes confession
Calmly, to realize to the volume reduction of waste, stabilisation, safe the purpose of.This method can obtain significant volume reduction and loss of weight effect
Fruit meets the requirement of waste minimization required in national Radioactive waste management principle, is the normal of combustible waste volume reduction
Use measure.The burning disposal capacity reduction factor of flammable radwaste is up to 40~200, and loss of weight coefficient is up to 20~200.However often
The middle low-level waste burning facility of rule is under the conditions of air capacity is higher than stoichiometric number, and oxygen is excessive during making main burning,
So as to which gaseous state and solid state component be enable directly to burn in same chamber.Waste is typically discontinuously to be put into from top, is given up
Object burns on fire grate.A combustion air part is sent into below fire grate and (claims First air or fiery leeward), a part of from burner hearth
Appropriate location is sent into appropriate direction and (is claimed Secondary Air or fiery leeward).The burning facility is fairly simple, most widely used at present.But
In the low particularity for putting combustible waste itself component, during conventional universal combustion stove carries out burning processing, unavoidably
Meeting generate a large amount of tar and soot, processing is caused to be difficult to up to standard.To ensure that burning is complete, need burner hearth meet temperature it is high,
The necessary conditions such as amount of supplied air is big, the residence time is long and flow perturbation is strong, i.e. furnace volume is sufficiently large, to ensure abundance
Burning time, therefore, air is in large supply in theoretical amount in burner hearth, and coefficient of excess air is up to 20~30 times, while to increase
Add the turbulent flow of combustion-gas flow, burner hearth is often designed to various runner forms, and establishes multiple after-burners after combustion furnace and match
With a large amount of auxiliary fuel, seriously increase energy consumption and thermal decomposition product easily blocks pipeline.Even so, it is also difficult to low in guarantee to put
Combustible waste processing is up to standard.On the one hand, during incineration of waste, tar, soot content are still higher；On the other hand, to protect
Card fully burning, needs flow perturbation degree in burner hearth sufficiently large, and the flying dust that air-flow can be then caused to carry in this way is more, and gives up
The a large amount of appendix of non-volatile nucleic in object cause flue gas radioactive concentration high on flying dust, increase flue gas post processing
The burden and difficulty of cleaning system；In another aspect, this combustion furnace also has restriction to the calorific value of waste, if calorific value is excessively high or mistake
It is low, the furnace temperature of burning process will excessively high or amplitude of variation it is larger, the refractory liner of burner hearth can be caused to damage, therefore before burning
Want centering it is low put combustible waste carry out again sorting proportioning, be not only difficult to realize automate, can also increase operating personnel by spoke
According to risk.Therefore, the above-mentioned improvement of conventional incinerators still cannot fundamentally solve the problems, such as that traditional combustion stove exists.It is aobvious
So, conventional incinerators low processing requirement for putting combustible waste in can not meeting, and the processing problem of radioactivity combustible waste is still
Have become the bottleneck for the rapid development for restricting China's nuclear industry, therefore, research and develop a kind of reliable device, realize that low put of centering can
It is extremely urgent to fire waste volume reduction harmless treatment.
Invention content：
It is an object of the invention to overcome shortcoming of the existing technology, seek to design at a kind of middle low-level waste heat chemistry
Reason system, cool waste accumulating amount is big in solving the problems, such as, stores difficult, the volume reduction of cool waste and nothing in realization
Evilization processing.
To achieve these goals, the agent structure packet of a kind of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system of the present invention
It includes trash receptacle device, pyrolysis installation, burner, the first auxiliary fuel tank, the second auxiliary fuel tank, the first solid waste and collects dress
It puts, flue gas chilling apparatus, filtrating equipment of flue gas, flue washing device, water separator, smoke reutilizer, high efficiency filter
Device, power plant, chimney, coolant intake pipe road, the first wastewater treatment equipment, buck intake line, the second solid waste are collected
Device, third solid waste collection device, the second wastewater treatment equipment, sealing inlet valve, smoke detectors, oxygen conten analyser, the
One motor-driven valve and the second motor-driven valve are filled for accepting the trash receptacle device of combustible solid wastes by utilizing by sealing inlet valve with pyrolysis
The input terminal put is connected, the integral type knot that the output terminal of pyrolysis installation is directly docked with the input terminal of burner using no pipeline
Structure, the top of burner are connected by the first motor-driven valve with the first auxiliary fuel tank, and the first motor-driven valve is auxiliary for control first
The fuel flow rate of combustion-supporting hopper；The lower part of burner is connected by the second motor-driven valve with the second auxiliary fuel tank, and second is electronic
Valve is used to control the fuel flow rate of the second auxiliary fuel tank；First auxiliary fuel tank, the second auxiliary fuel tank are used to provide auxiliary
Combustion-supporting material, the bottom output terminal of burner are connected with the input terminal of the first solid waste collection device, the top output of burner
End is connected with the input terminal of flue gas chilling apparatus, and the pipeline between burner and flue gas chilling apparatus is equipped with smoke detectors
And oxygen conten analyser, the top output port of flue gas chilling apparatus are connected with the input terminal of filtrating equipment of flue gas, flue gas quenching dress
The top input terminal put is equipped with coolant intake pipe road for cooling down the flue gas generated from burner, coolant intake pipe road
Interior addition cooling water, the bottom output terminal of flue gas chilling apparatus are connected with the input terminal of the first wastewater treatment equipment, smoke filtration
Device is used to remove the flying dust in flue gas, and the top output port of filtrating equipment of flue gas is connected with the input terminal of flue washing device,
Bottom output terminal is connected with the input terminal of the second solid waste collection device；Flue washing device is used to wash and remove the acid in flue gas
Property component, the top input terminal of flue washing device connect with buck intake line, and alkalescent suction is passed through in buck intake line
Receive solution；The top output port of flue washing device is connected with the input terminal of water separator, water separator for pair
The steam carried secretly in flue gas is detached, the bottom output terminal of flue washing device and water separator at the second waste water
The input terminal of reason device is connected, and the lower output side of water separator is connected with the input terminal of smoke reutilizer, and flue gas is again
The output terminal of thermal is connected with the input terminal of effective filter, and there are two output terminal, an output terminals for effective filter
It is connected by power plant with chimney, another output terminal is connected with the input terminal of third solid waste collection device.
The agent structure of the pyrolysis installation includes sealing feed zone, big mouth storing section, dynamic sealing, driving motor, spiral
Propeller, reducing feed zone, heating unit, pyrolysis transportation section and temperature controller；The input of horizontally disposed tubular helical propeller
It is equipped with tubular seals feed zone at end vertically, the front end of spiral propeller is equipped with puts the big of flammable debirs for low in temporary
Mouth storing section, big mouth storing section is with dynamic sealing using the angular contact ball bearing sealing means of two disk opposite directions arrangement or using magnetic current
Body sealing means connect, and pass through dynamic sealing and driving motor for the spiral propeller for putting flammable debirs movement low in promotion
Axis connection, driving motor are used to control spiral propeller fltting speed；The output terminal of spiral propeller is defeated with reducing feed zone
Enter end to be connected, the diameter dimension of the reducing feed zone is conducive to mouth of the waste material in diminution from front to back in trend is gradually decreased
Gather at diameter and form material envelope；The reducing feed zone is used for the output terminal of material reducing feed zone and pyrolysis transportation section
Input terminal is connected, and is pyrolyzed heating unit of the outside provided with heat needed for pyrolysis material of transportation section；Heating unit by
It is interior to successively comprising flame retardant coating and insulating layer, heating unit is connect with temperature controller power information outside；Temperature controller heats dress for controlling
It puts and the pyrolysis temperature in pyrolysis transportation section is maintained to realize that material is fully pyrolyzed；The spiral propeller inside subject structure includes driving
Moving axis and helical blade, by dynamic sealing with driving axis connection and driving drive shaft turns, dynamic sealing is used to ensure driving motor
The air-tightness of pyrolysis installation, it is ensured that spiral propeller does not leak in the process of running；The blade dimensions of the spiral propeller with
Big mouth storing section, reducing feed zone and be pyrolyzed transportation section diameter dimension it is corresponding, in gradually decreasing trend；Smoke detectors pair
Flying dust in flue gas is detected, and feedback signal to driving motor adjusts spiral propeller rotating speed.
The agent structure of the burner includes flue gas air outlet, gas-liquid combustion chamber, fire grate, solid combustion room, deslagging
Mouth, gas-liquid booster burners, secondary combustion-supporting air port, solid booster burners, primary combustion-supporting air port, the first air door, the second air door；
Gas-liquid combustion chamber is separated by by fire grate and solid combustion room；Gas-liquid combustion chamber is used to provide burning to the gas-liquid product that pyrolysis obtains
Space；The solid combustion room is used to provide combustion space to the solid product that pyrolysis obtains；The diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber is with consolidating
The ratio of volumetric combustion room diameter is 1.2-3, and the lower part of gas-liquid combustion chamber is connected with the pyrolysis transportation section of pyrolysis installation；Gas-liquid is fired
Burn makes gas-liquid product fully burn equipped with gas-liquid booster burners in the middle part of room for the auxiliary fuel that burns, in gas-liquid booster burners
Equipped with secondary combustion-supporting air port and the second air door；Solid booster burners are equipped in the middle part of solid combustion room to be made for the auxiliary fuel that burns
Solid product fully burns, and solid combustion room lower part side is equipped with primary combustion-supporting air port and the first air door；Gas-liquid booster burners
Included secondary combustion-supporting air port adjusts aperture using the second air door, and secondary combustion-supporting wind is determined by the oxygen content of flue gas air outlet
The throttle opening of mouth；The primary combustion-supporting air port that solid combustion room opens up adjusts aperture using the first air door, is burnt by gas-liquid
The oxygen content of chamber interior determines the throttle opening in primary combustion-supporting air port；Gas-liquid top of combustion chamber is equipped with for flue gas after discharge combustion
Flue gas air outlet, flue gas air outlet are connected with flue gas chilling apparatus；Solid combustion room bottom is equipped with to discharge non-ignitable solid
The slag-drip opening of residue, slag-drip opening are connected with the first solid waste collection device；The gas-liquid booster burners and solid of burner are combustion-supporting
Burner is oil burner, and gas-liquid booster burners are heavy oil burner, electronic by first with the first auxiliary fuel tank
Valve is connected, and the first motor-driven valve is used to control the fuel flow rate of the first auxiliary fuel tank；Solid booster burners are fired with the second auxiliary
It is connected between hopper by the second motor-driven valve, the second motor-driven valve is used to control the fuel flow rate of the second auxiliary fuel tank；Oxygen content
Analyzer is detected the oxygen content in flue gas and feedback signal determines the aperture of the first air door and the second air door, and control is simultaneously
Ensure to stablize burning.
As a modification of the present invention：The gas-liquid booster burners be bumer of light fuel, the combustion-supporting burning of solid
Device uses heavy oil or bumer of light fuel, and the second auxiliary fuel tank is interior for heavy oil or light oil, quick heating, processing time is short.
Another as the present invention improves：The gas-liquid booster burners are explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, include combustion
Head and burner body are burnt, combustion head and burner body are communicated using heat-resisting material and duct type, the first auxiliary fuel
It is miscella in case, the miscella is matched for used oil with light diesel fuel；It is heavy oil or light oil in second auxiliary fuel tank.
The operation principle of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system of the present invention is：The blade of the spiral propeller
Size is corresponding with the diameter dimension of big mouth storing section, reducing feed zone and pyrolysis transportation section, in trend is gradually decreased, is conducive to
Transmission waste material is rapidly filled with channel；The diameter of the burner gas-liquid combustion chamber is more than solid combustion room diameter, for slowing down
Flue gas wind speed reduces flying dust yield；The integral structure that the pyrolysis installation and incinerator are directly docked using no pipeline,
It is sucked into pipeline for improving device leakproofness and effectively solving tar and lime-ash etc. in thermal decomposition product and is adhered to tube wall
On cause the problem of line clogging, and improve thermal decomposition product conveying smoothness；Place is combined with burner using pyrolysis installation
Device is managed, flammable debirs is put low in macromolecular, the macromolecular of difficult to burn and first carries out medium temperature anoxybiotic pyrolysis, obtain short chain
Small molecule gas-liquid product and pyrolysis solid residue product, then carry out thermal decomposition product burning processing, improve waste and are mixed with air
Cyclization border so that treatment of wastes produced is more thoroughly abundant, greatly improves the volume reduction rate of waste；And pyrolysis installation and burner
Gas-liquid combustion chamber lower part communicate, thermal decomposition product is fallen by fire grate and abundant calcination is carried out in solid combustion room, and heat is greatly reduced
Burn decrement rate；Pyrolysis gas-liquid product and pyrolysis solid product burn in gas-liquid combustion chamber and solid combustion room respectively, solid combustion
Room temperature is significantly lower than gas-liquid chamber temperature, effectively reduces radioactive substance flying out in combustion, the overwhelming majority
Radioactive accumulation to non-combustible residue in and be discharged in solid waste collector, improve flue gas post processing difficulty；Pyrolysis
The reducing feed zone of device can realize material envelope function, the flue gas of generation of burning is by cooling down, being filtered, washed, dehumidifying, reheating,
A series of devices of high efficiency filter are handled, and reduce wastewater discharge, and flue gas qualified discharge.
The process flow of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system of the present invention is：Trash receptacle device is accepted first
The good standard waste bag equipped with combustible solid wastes by utilizing of subpackage and under conditions of closed by its pre- shearing-crushing, seal inlet valve
Sealed feed inlet so that pyrolysis installation can be fed in the environment of anoxic or anoxybiotic, then pass through the pyrolysis installation of integral type
It is pyrolyzed with burner and burning disposal, product obtains flue gas and non-ignitable inorganic residues, non-ignitable nothing for fully burning
Machine residue enters the first solid waste collection device, and flue gas enters to remove the flying dust in flue gas after the cooling of flue gas chilling apparatus
Filtrating equipment of flue gas, flying dust enter the second solid waste collection device after being captured, waste water caused by flue gas chilling apparatus is discharged into the
One wastewater treatment equipment, then flue gas washed after filtering into flue washing device and remove acid group in flue gas
Point, generated waste water is discharged into the second wastewater treatment equipment, and then flue gas enters the water separator and will be carried secretly in flue gas
Steam detached, the waste water separated equally is discharged into the second wastewater treatment equipment；Flue gas is added through smoke reutilizer
Heat is to the temperature properly discharged；It is further filtered by effective filter again, remove remaining flying dust and is sent into third solid waste
In collection device；Flue gas after filtering is pumped into chimney and discharges, and runs, is flowing under condition of negative pressure to ensure whole set process
The power plant for generating draft is equipped in journey.
Use the specific process step of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system processing waste of the present invention for：
Step1 starts each device：To ensure that whole flow process technique operates under negative pressure, start power plant first, sequentially
Start flue gas chilling apparatus, filtrating equipment of flue gas, flue washing device, water separator, smoke reutilizer, high efficiency filter
Device and the first wastewater treatment equipment；
Step2 starts pyrolysis installation：Start driving motor, pyrolysis temperature is set, open pyrolysis installation heating mode, use
Heating unit sets 400-700 DEG C of the temperature of heating unit to the heating of pyrolysis transportation section, temperature controller；
Step3 starts burner：Then the indoor gas-liquid booster burners of gas-liquid burning and solid combustion is respectively started
Indoor solid booster burners, the temperature range that gas-liquid burning indoor temperature is made to maintain 800 DEG C -1300 DEG C, solid combustion
Indoor temperature maintains 400 DEG C -600 DEG C of temperature range, and the temperature in gas-liquid combustion chamber and solid combustion room respectively reaches will
After seeking temperature；
Step4, waste feedstock：The good standard waste bag equipped with combustible solid wastes by utilizing of subpackage is added in into trash receptacle dress
It puts, waste material sequentially enters the sealing feed zone of pyrolysis installation and big mouth storing section, and under the promotion of spiral propeller, waste material is successively
Through excessive mouth storing section, reducing feed zone and pyrolysis transportation section, waste streams are formed in the necking down of reducing feed zone and the full channel of filling
Material envelope, subsequent waste material are admitted to pyrolysis transportation section；
Step5, hot resolution of waste material：Then in entire conveying and pyrolytic process, burner is fed back according to smoke detectors
Gas Parameters Signal Regulation driving motor change rotating speed, convenient for the abundant thorough pyrolysis of waste material, waste material is in pyrolysis transportation section quilt
It is pyrolyzed as three kinds of gas, liquid and solid products, is entered in burner by being pyrolyzed transportation section；
Step6, thermal decomposition product burning：It is pyrolyzed the gaseous product generated and product liquid enters in gas-liquid combustion chamber, in gas
It fully burns under the booster action of liquid booster burners, product is the flue gas being made of carbon dioxide and water；Via the flue gas
Air outlet is discharged to flue gas chilling apparatus；Meanwhile then pyrolysis solid product is fallen into via fire grate in solid combustion room, in solid
It fully burns under the booster action of booster burners, the flue gas of generation is discharged via fire grate, gas-liquid combustion chamber and flue gas air outlet
To flue gas chilling apparatus, the non-ignitable inorganic residues of generation are discharged into the first solid waste collection device via slag-drip opening；
Step7, gas cleaning：When high-temperature flue gas is rapidly cooled to 200 DEG C, then via flue gas mistake in flue gas chilling apparatus
The flying dust in device removing flue gas is filtered, the flue gas after filtering passes through flue washing device, water separator and successively removes flue gas
In sulphur nitrogen oxides and quenching process enter the vapor of flue gas, for smooth discharge, it is also necessary to use smoke reutilizer
Flue gas is again heated to suitable temperature, removes the flying dust of remaining to flue gas high efficiency filter by effective filter, after testing
After up to standard；The radioactive substance flue gas containing 0.1-1% is aspirated by power plant by flue gas air outlet after monitoring qualified purification
Discharge；
Step8, wastewater treatment：Flue gas chilling apparatus and flue washing device are defeated with coolant intake pipe road and buck respectively
Enter pipeline connection, be respectively used to cool down and remove the sulphur nitrogen oxides in flue gas and remaining radioactive element, waste water is distinguished
It is focused on after being discharged into the first wastewater treatment equipment and the second wastewater treatment equipment；
Step9, solid residue post processing：Burner bottom, filtrating equipment of flue gas and effective filter respectively with
In the first solid waste collection device, the second solid waste collection device and the third solid waste collection device phase that receive non-flammable ash content residue
Even；The radioactive element of 99%-99.9% is rested in non-flammable ash content residue, these solid residues can uniformly seal up for safekeeping and water
Mud curing process, the low processing procedure for putting combustible solid wastes by utilizing in completion, in the low volume reduction rate for putting combustable organic class waste reach
97%-99%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention hospital, scientific research institution and nuclear power unit can be generated comprising radioactive material
In matter it is low put combustable organic class waste processing pyrolytic incineration be treated as solid residue, facilitate it is subsequent seal up for safekeeping, landfill disposal,
Volume reduction rate is more than 97%, and more than 99% radioactive substance is simultaneously fixed in final non-combustible residue, low in can not only reducing
The volume of combustable organic class waste is put, and core radiocontamination and air environmental pollution can be reduced；It not only sets with parameter
It puts flexibly, process control precision is high, and continuous dosing is heated evenly, and material sealing operates steadily, the few technique of flying dust fume amount
Advantage, also with facility compact, floor space is small, reduces leakage, and thermal decomposition product does not glue wall, discharges the equipment advantage such as smooth；Its
Overall structure is simple, and principle is reliable, and volume reduction rate is high, and solidification effect is good, and secondary pollution is low, and application environment is friendly, investment and operation
It is at low cost, energy conservation and environmental protection, with good economic efficiency and vast market prospect.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the agent structure principle schematic of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle flow chart of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the agent structure principle schematic of pyrolysis installation of the present invention and burner.
Specific embodiment：
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described further the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
The agent structure of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system that the present embodiment is related to includes trash receptacle device 1, heat
Solve device 2, burner 3, the first auxiliary fuel tank 4, the second auxiliary fuel tank 5, the first solid waste collection device 6, flue gas quenching
Device 7, filtrating equipment of flue gas 8, flue washing device 9, water separator 10, smoke reutilizer 11, effective filter
12nd, power plant 13, chimney 14, coolant intake pipe road 15, the first wastewater treatment equipment 16, buck intake line 17, second
Solid waste collection device 18, third solid waste collection device 19, the second wastewater treatment equipment 20, sealing inlet valve 101, smoke detectors
312nd, oxygen conten analyser 313, the first motor-driven valve 401 and the second motor-driven valve 501, for accept subpackage it is good equipped with flammable solid
The trash receptacle device 1 of the standard waste bag of waste is connected by sealing inlet valve 101 with the input terminal of pyrolysis installation 2, pyrolysis
The integral structure that the output terminal of device 2 is directly docked with the input terminal of burner 3 using no pipeline, burner 3 it is upper
Portion is connected by the first motor-driven valve 401 with the first auxiliary fuel tank 4, and the first motor-driven valve 401 is for the first auxiliary fuel tank 4 of control
Fuel flow rate；The lower part of burner 3 is connected by the second motor-driven valve 501 with the second auxiliary fuel tank 5, the second motor-driven valve
501 are used to control the fuel flow rate of the second auxiliary fuel tank 5；First auxiliary fuel tank 4, the second auxiliary fuel tank 5 are used to carry
For auxiliary fuel, the bottom output terminal of burner 3 is connected with the input terminal of the first solid waste collection device 6, the top of burner 3
Portion's output terminal is connected with the input terminal of flue gas chilling apparatus 7, and the pipeline between burner 3 and flue gas chilling apparatus 7 is equipped with
Smoke detectors 312 and oxygen conten analyser 313, the top output port of flue gas chilling apparatus 7 and the input of filtrating equipment of flue gas 8
End is connected, and the top input terminal of flue gas chilling apparatus 7 is equipped with coolant intake pipe road 15 and is generated for cooling down from burner 3
Flue gas, addition cooling water in coolant intake pipe road 15, the bottom output terminal of flue gas chilling apparatus 7 and the first wastewater treatment dress
It puts 16 input terminal to be connected, the top output port of filtrating equipment of flue gas 8 is connected to remove with the input terminal of flue washing device 9
Flying dust in flue gas, the bottom output terminal of filtrating equipment of flue gas 8 are connected with the input terminal of the second solid waste collection device 18, and flue gas is washed
The top input terminal for washing device 9 is equipped with buck intake line 17 for washing and removing the acidic components in flue gas, buck input
Addition alkalescent absorbent solution in pipeline 17, the top output port of flue washing device 9 and the input terminal of water separator 10
It is connected for being detached to the steam carried secretly in flue gas, the bottom output terminal of flue washing device 9 and water separator 10
Input terminal with the second wastewater treatment equipment 20 is connected, lower output side and the smoke reutilizer 11 of water separator 10
Input terminal be connected, the output terminal of smoke reutilizer 11 is connected with the input terminal of effective filter 12, effective filter
12 output terminal is connected by power plant 13 with chimney 14；Another output terminal and the third of effective filter 12 are consolidated
The input terminal of useless collection device 19 is connected.
The agent structure of the pyrolysis installation 2 includes sealing feed zone 201, big mouth storing section 202, dynamic sealing 203, driving
Motor 204, spiral propeller 205, reducing feed zone 206, heating unit 207, pyrolysis transportation section 208 and temperature controller 209；It is horizontal
The input end of the tubular helical propeller 205 of setting is equipped with tubular seals feed zone 201 vertically, before spiral propeller 205
End is used equipped with the low big mouth storing section 202 for putting flammable debirs in keeping in, big mouth storing section 202 is used for dynamic sealing 203
The angular contact ball bearing sealing means of two disk opposite directions arrangement are connected using magnet fluid sealing mode, can for low put in promotion
The spiral propeller 205 of debirs movement is fired by dynamic sealing 203 and 204 axis connection of driving motor, and driving motor 204 is used for
Control 205 fltting speed of spiral propeller；The output terminal of spiral propeller 205 is connected with the input terminal of reducing feed zone 206, institute
The diameter dimension of reducing feed zone 206 is stated from front to back in trend is gradually decreased, is conducive to waste material and gathers at the bore of diminution
Get up to be formed material envelope；The reducing feed zone 206 is used for the output terminal of material reducing feed zone 206 and pyrolysis transportation section 208
Input terminal be connected, be pyrolyzed transportation section 208 outside provided with pyrolysis material needed for heat heating unit 207；Add
From the inside to the outside successively comprising flame retardant coating and insulating layer, heating unit 207 is connect thermal 207 with 209 power information of temperature controller；Temperature control
Instrument 209 is used to control heating unit 207 that the pyrolysis temperature in pyrolysis transportation section 208 is maintained to realize that material is fully pyrolyzed；The spiral shell
It revolves 205 inside subject structure of propeller and includes drive shaft 2051 and helical blade 2052, driving motor 204 passes through dynamic sealing 203
With driving axis connection and drive shaft 2051 being driven to rotate, dynamic sealing 203 is used to ensure the air-tightness of pyrolysis installation 2, it is ensured that spiral
Propeller 205 does not leak in the process of running；The blade dimensions of the spiral propeller and big mouth storing section, reducing feed zone and
The diameter dimension for being pyrolyzed transportation section is corresponding, in gradually decreasing trend；Smoke detectors 312 examine the flying dust in flue gas
It surveys, and feedback signal to driving motor 204 adjusts 205 rotating speed of spiral propeller；
The agent structure of the burner 3 includes flue gas air outlet 301, gas-liquid combustion chamber 302, fire grate 303, solid combustion
It burns room 304, slag-drip opening 305, gas-liquid booster burners 306, secondary combustion-supporting air port 307, solid booster burners 308, once help
Fire air port 309, the first air door 311, the second air door 310；Gas-liquid combustion chamber 302 passes through fire grate 303 and 304 phase of solid combustion room
Every；Gas-liquid combustion chamber 302 is used to provide combustion space to the gas-liquid product that pyrolysis obtains；The solid combustion room 304 is used to give
It is pyrolyzed obtained solid product and combustion space is provided；The diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber is 1.5 with the ratio of solid combustion room diameter, gas
The lower part of liquid combustion chamber 302 is connected with the pyrolysis transportation section 208 of pyrolysis installation 2；302 middle part of gas-liquid combustion chamber is helped equipped with gas-liquid
Burner 306 makes gas-liquid product fully burn for the auxiliary fuel that burns, and gas-liquid booster burners 306 are equipped with secondary combustion-supporting
307 and second air door 310 of air port；304 middle part of solid combustion room is equipped with solid booster burners 308 to be made for the auxiliary fuel that burns
Solid product fully burns, and 304 lower part side of solid combustion room is equipped with primary combustion-supporting 309 and first air door 311 of air port；Gas-liquid helps
The included secondary combustion-supporting air port 307 of burner 306 adjusts aperture using the second air door 310, passes through flue gas air outlet 301
Oxygen content determines the throttle opening in secondary combustion-supporting air port 307；The primary combustion-supporting air port 309 that solid combustion room 304 opens up uses the
One air door 311 adjusts aperture, and the air door for determining primary combustion-supporting air port 309 by the oxygen content inside gas-liquid combustion chamber 302 is opened
Degree；302 top of gas-liquid combustion chamber is equipped with for the flue gas air outlet 301 of flue gas after discharge combustion, and flue gas air outlet 301 and flue gas are rapid
Device for cooling 7 is connected；304 bottom of solid combustion room is equipped with the slag-drip opening 305 for discharging non-ignitable solid residue, slag-drip opening 305
It is connected with the first solid waste collection device 6；The gas-liquid booster burners 306 and solid booster burners 308 of burner 3 are combustion
Oil burner, gas-liquid booster burners 306 are heavy oil burner, pass through 401 phase of the first motor-driven valve with the first auxiliary fuel tank 4
Even, the first motor-driven valve 401 is heavy oil in the first auxiliary fuel tank 4 for controlling the fuel flow rate of the first auxiliary fuel tank 4；Gu
It is connected between body booster burners 308 and the second auxiliary fuel tank 5 by the second motor-driven valve 501, the second motor-driven valve 501 is used to control
Make the fuel flow rate of the second auxiliary fuel tank 5；Oxygen content in flue gas is detected oxygen conten analyser 313 and feedback signal
Determining the aperture of the first air door 311 and the second air door 310, controlling and ensuring to stablize burning.
Embodiment 2：
This implementation and embodiment 1 difference lies in：302 diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber and 304 diameter of solid combustion room
Ratio is 2.2.
Embodiment 3：
This implementation and embodiment 1 difference lies in：302 diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber and 304 diameter of solid combustion room
Ratio is 1.2, and equipment is more compact, and space is small, suitable for the project of land used anxiety.
Embodiment 4：
This implementation and embodiment 1 difference lies in：302 diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber and 304 diameter of solid combustion room
Ratio is 3, and the effect for slowing down wind speed is best.
Embodiment 5：
This implementation and embodiment 1-4 difference lies in：The gas-liquid booster burners 306 are bumer of light fuel, and first is auxiliary
Interior combustion-supporting hopper 4 is light oil, the use of solid booster burners 308 heavy oil or the bumer of light fuel, in the second auxiliary fuel tank 5
For heavy oil or light oil, quick heating, processing time is short.
Embodiment 6：
This implementation and embodiment 1-4 difference lies in：The gas-liquid booster burners 306 are the dual-purpose burning of explosion-proof oil gas
Device, comprising combustion head and burner body, combustion head and burner body are communicated using heat-resisting material and duct type, and first
It is miscella in auxiliary fuel tank 4, the miscella is matched for used oil with light diesel fuel；It is in second auxiliary fuel tank 5
Heavy oil or light oil, it is energy saving.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of middle low-level waste thermochemical treatment system, it is characterised in that：Agent structure includes trash receptacle device, pyrolysis dress
Put, burner, the first auxiliary fuel tank, the second auxiliary fuel tank, the first solid waste collection device, flue gas chilling apparatus, flue gas
It is filter device, flue washing device, water separator, smoke reutilizer, effective filter, power plant, chimney, cold
But water input conduit, the first wastewater treatment equipment, buck intake line, the second solid waste collection device, third solid waste collection device,
Second wastewater treatment equipment, sealing inlet valve, smoke detectors, oxygen conten analyser, the first motor-driven valve and the second motor-driven valve, are used
It is connected in the trash receptacle device for accepting combustible solid wastes by utilizing by sealing inlet valve with the input terminal of pyrolysis installation, pyrolysis installation
The integral structure that is directly docked using no pipeline with the input terminal of burner of output terminal, the top of burner passes through
One motor-driven valve is connected with the first auxiliary fuel tank, and the first motor-driven valve is used to control the fuel flow rate of the first auxiliary fuel tank；Burning
The lower part of device is connected by the second motor-driven valve with the second auxiliary fuel tank, and the second motor-driven valve is for the second auxiliary fuel tank of control
Fuel flow rate；First auxiliary fuel tank, the second auxiliary fuel tank are used to provide auxiliary fuel, the bottom output of burner
End is connected with the input terminal of the first solid waste collection device, the top output port of burner and the input terminal phase of flue gas chilling apparatus
Even, the pipeline between burner and flue gas chilling apparatus is equipped with smoke detectors and oxygen conten analyser, flue gas quenching dress
The top output port put is connected with the input terminal of filtrating equipment of flue gas, and the top input terminal of flue gas chilling apparatus is defeated equipped with cooling water
Enter pipeline for cool down the flue gas that is generated from burner, addition cooling water in coolant intake pipe road, flue gas chilling apparatus
Bottom output terminal be connected with the input terminal of the first wastewater treatment equipment, filtrating equipment of flue gas is used to remove flying dust in flue gas,
The top output port of filtrating equipment of flue gas is connected with the input terminal of flue washing device, and bottom output terminal and the second solid waste are collected and filled
The input terminal put is connected；Flue washing device is for washing and removing the acidic components in flue gas, the top of flue washing device
Input terminal is connect with buck intake line, and alkalescent absorbent solution is passed through in buck intake line；The top of flue washing device
Output terminal is connected with the input terminal of water separator, and water separator is used to detach the steam carried secretly in flue gas,
Input terminal of the bottom output terminal of flue washing device and water separator with the second wastewater treatment equipment is connected, carbonated drink point
Lower output side from device is connected with the input terminal of smoke reutilizer, and output terminal and the high efficiency filter of smoke reutilizer fill
The input terminal put is connected, and there are two output terminals for effective filter, and an output terminal is connected by power plant with chimney, another
A output terminal is connected with the input terminal of third solid waste collection device.
2. low-level waste thermochemical treatment system in as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main body of the pyrolysis installation
Structure include sealing feed zone, big mouth storing section, dynamic sealing, driving motor, spiral propeller, reducing feed zone, heating unit,
It is pyrolyzed transportation section and temperature controller；The input end of horizontally disposed tubular helical propeller is equipped with tubular seals feed zone vertically,
The front end of spiral propeller is equipped with for the low big mouth storing section for putting flammable debirs, big mouth storing section and dynamic sealing in temporary
It is connected using the angular contact ball bearing sealing means of two disk opposite directions arrangement or using magnet fluid sealing mode, for low in promotion
The spiral propeller of flammable debirs movement is put by dynamic sealing and driving motor axis connection, driving motor is used to control spiral
Propeller fltting speed；The output terminal of spiral propeller is connected with the input terminal of reducing feed zone, the reducing feed zone it is straight
Diameter size is conducive to waste material and at the bore of diminution gathers form material envelope from front to back in gradually decreasing trend；The change
Diameter feed zone is used to the output terminal of material reducing feed zone be connected with being pyrolyzed the input terminal of transportation section, is pyrolyzed the outside of transportation section
Provided with the heating unit of heat needed for pyrolysis material；Heating unit includes flame retardant coating and heat preservation successively from the inside to the outside
Layer, heating unit are connect with temperature controller power information；Temperature controller is used to that heating unit to be controlled to maintain the pyrolysis temperature in pyrolysis transportation section
Degree realizes that material is fully pyrolyzed；The spiral propeller inside subject structure includes drive shaft and helical blade, and driving motor leads to
Dynamic sealing is crossed with driving axis connection and driving drive shaft turns, dynamic sealing is used to ensure the air-tightness of pyrolysis installation, it is ensured that spiral
Propeller does not leak in the process of running；The blade dimensions of the spiral propeller and big mouth storing section, reducing feed zone and heat
The diameter dimension for solving transportation section is corresponding, in gradually decreasing trend；Smoke detectors are detected the flying dust in flue gas, and anti-
Feedback signal to driving motor adjusts spiral propeller rotating speed.
3. low-level waste thermochemical treatment system in as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main body of the burner
Structure includes flue gas air outlet, gas-liquid combustion chamber, fire grate, solid combustion room, slag-drip opening, gas-liquid booster burners, secondary combustion-supporting
Air port, solid booster burners, primary combustion-supporting air port, the first air door, the second air door；It is fired by fire grate and solid gas-liquid combustion chamber
Room is burnt to be separated by；Gas-liquid combustion chamber is used to provide combustion space to the gas-liquid product that pyrolysis obtains；The solid combustion room is used to give
It is pyrolyzed obtained solid product and combustion space is provided；The diameter of gas-liquid combustion chamber is 1.2-3 with the ratio of solid combustion room diameter,
The lower part of gas-liquid combustion chamber is connected with the pyrolysis transportation section of pyrolysis installation；Gas-liquid booster burners are equipped in the middle part of gas-liquid combustion chamber
Gas-liquid product is made fully to burn for the auxiliary fuel that burns, gas-liquid booster burners are equipped with secondary combustion-supporting air port and the second wind
Door；Solid booster burners are equipped in the middle part of solid combustion room makes solid product fully burn for the auxiliary fuel that burns, solid combustion
It burns room lower part side and is equipped with primary combustion-supporting air port and the first air door；The secondary combustion-supporting air port that gas-liquid booster burners carry uses the
Two air doors adjust aperture, determine the throttle opening in secondary combustion-supporting air port by the oxygen content of flue gas air outlet；Solid combustion room
The primary combustion-supporting air port opened up adjusts aperture using the first air door, determines once to help by the oxygen content of gas-liquid combustion chamber
Fire the throttle opening in air port；Gas-liquid top of combustion chamber be equipped with for discharge combustion after flue gas flue gas air outlet, flue gas air outlet with
Flue gas chilling apparatus is connected；Solid combustion room bottom is equipped with for the slag-drip opening of discharging non-ignitable solid residue, slag-drip opening and the
One solid waste collection device is connected；The gas-liquid booster burners and solid booster burners of burner are oil burner, gas
Liquid booster burners are heavy oil burner, are connected with the first auxiliary fuel tank by the first motor-driven valve, and the first motor-driven valve is used to control
Make the fuel flow rate of the first auxiliary fuel tank；Pass through the second motor-driven valve phase between solid booster burners and the second auxiliary fuel tank
Even, the second motor-driven valve is used to control the fuel flow rate of the second auxiliary fuel tank；Oxygen conten analyser to the oxygen content in flue gas into
Row detection and feedback signal determines the aperture of the first air door and the second air door, control and ensures to stablize burning.
4. low-level waste thermochemical treatment system in as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The gas-liquid booster burners
For bumer of light fuel, quick heating, processing time is short.
5. low-level waste thermochemical treatment system in as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The gas-liquid booster burners
For explosion-proof oil gas dual burner, comprising combustion head and burner body, combustion head and burner body use high temperature resistant material
Expect and duct type communicates, be miscella in the first auxiliary fuel tank, the miscella is matched for used oil with light diesel fuel.
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| CN201810096257.XA CN108167841B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Middle-low level waste thermochemical treatment system |
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| CN201810096257.XA CN108167841B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Middle-low level waste thermochemical treatment system |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102042601A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 杨显志 | Small efficient medicinal rubbish pyrolysis incinerator |
| CN102723117A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-10 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | A high-temperature incineration and solidification method for radioactive waste resin plasma |
| CN104637561A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Plasma volume reducing system and method for processing nuclear facility solid waste |
| CN104751929A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-01 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Integrated low-emission combustible solid waste incineration device |
| CN106653130A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-10 | 青岛天和清原科技有限公司 | Middle-low radioactive waste treatment device |
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2018
- 2018-01-31 CN CN201810096257.XA patent/CN108167841B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102042601A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 杨显志 | Small efficient medicinal rubbish pyrolysis incinerator |
| CN102723117A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-10 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | A high-temperature incineration and solidification method for radioactive waste resin plasma |
| CN104751929A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-01 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Integrated low-emission combustible solid waste incineration device |
| CN104637561A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Plasma volume reducing system and method for processing nuclear facility solid waste |
| CN106653130A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-10 | 青岛天和清原科技有限公司 | Middle-low radioactive waste treatment device |
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