CN108165653B - InDel molecular marker for identifying pepper maturity and application thereof - Google Patents
InDel molecular marker for identifying pepper maturity and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an InDel molecular marker for identifying pepper maturity and application thereof. The invention is based on the super early-maturing capsicum inbred line B9431And late-maturing inbred line A145Construction of F2The population uses BSR-Seq (Bulked Segregant RNA-Seq) technology to quickly identify chromosome loci controlling the original flower nodes, develops a molecular marker (SEQ ID NO:4) aiming at the specific InDel of the loci, can quickly and accurately screen early-maturing genotype peppers of 1-4 nodes of the original flower nodes and late-maturing genotype peppers of more than 4 nodes of the original flower nodes in the seedling stage by using the molecular marker, realizes molecular marker assisted selection of pepper maturity breeding, improves breeding selection efficiency, and has important application value in pepper maturity breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a molecular marker detection technology, in particular to an InDel molecular marker for identifying pepper maturity and application thereof.
Background
Pepper (Capsicum spp.) is an important economic crop of solanaceae and is widely planted around the world, china is an important large producing country of pepper, and pepper is one of the main vegetable crops in China. The pepper plant is a joint axis branch structure, the main stem stops growing when growing, the apical meristem is converted into an inflorescence meristem, the inflorescence meristem develops into a single flower under proper internal conditions and external environment (such as sunlight length and temperature), the flowering marks the termination of the main stem growth, the lateral meristem grows into a new branch, the new branch stops growing, the lateral meristem at the top of the new branch replaces the apical meristem to grow, and the joint axis branch is formed continuously and repeatedly.
The first flower of a pepper is called the first flower node, and is generally measured by the number of true leaves (nodes) on the main stem from the cotyledon to the first flower. The starting flower node is an important maturity character of the pepper and is one of the main targets of pepper variety improvement. The pepper variety with low initial flower and node position is usually blossoming and early in fruit setting, rain water and diseases can be avoided properly in spring stubble planting, the pesticide use amount is reduced, the early-stage yield is increased, the later-stage low-temperature environment is avoided in autumn stubble planting, the facility cultivation energy consumption is reduced, and the yield is improved; the pepper variety with high initial flower and node position blooms and bears fruit late, can avoid coming into the market in a busy season, and meets the market diversification demand.
The development of pepper maturity molecular markers based on the starting flower nodes can perform ultra-early selection, accelerate the breeding process and play an important guiding role in pepper maturity breeding. The capsicum inception flower node in natural variation is controlled by a few major genes and partial minor genes, and is influenced by the environment such as temperature, illumination and the like, and the traditional phenotype selection accuracy is not high for quantitative characters. The existing molecular markers of the starting flower nodes of the capsicum are mostly far away from the target gene heredity or have larger limitations in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an InDel molecular marker for identifying the pepper maturity and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the InDel molecular marker for identifying the pepper maturity is provided by the invention, and the nucleotide sequence of the InDel molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO. 4. The obtaining method comprises the following steps:
early ripening pepper B9431As female parent, late-maturing capsicum A145Hybridizing the male parent to obtain F1Generation, F1Selfing the plant to obtain F2Population of plants of the F2Selecting 30 early-maturing peppers with extremely low initial flower nodes and 30 late-maturing peppers with extremely high initial flower nodes from 297 plant groups, and constructing an extreme early-maturing total RNA mixed pool and an extreme late-maturing total RAnd respectively performing BSR-seq sequencing on the NA extreme mixed pool, and analyzing Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sites and InDel (insertion and deletion) sites of the two mixed pools by using SAMtools software. Respectively calculating the frequency of each SNPs locus in the two mixed pools and the difference (namely delta value) of the corresponding SNPs frequency in the two mixed pools, then calculating the mean value of the delta value of each region of the chromosome by taking 3MB as a window and 1MB as a step length, and obtaining the starting flower locus regulating and controlling locus at the position where the peak value appears. Designing a primer to amplify a 5 'UTR sequence of a candidate gene of a regulatory site, and designing a primer aiming at InDel in the 5' UTR sequence in two parents to obtain a polymorphic molecular marker.
The pepper corresponding to the homozygous genotype of the InDel molecular marker insertion fragment is premature, and the pepper corresponding to the homozygous genotype or heterozygous genotype of the deletion of the insertion fragment is late-maturing.
The invention also provides a primer for detecting the InDel molecular marker, which comprises a forward primer FFN1-5UF5, a reverse primer FFN1-e1R1 and a reverse primer FFN1-PA-R, wherein the primer sequences are respectively shown as SEQ ID NO: 1-3.
The invention also provides the application of the InDel molecular marker or the primer shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-3 in identifying the pepper maturity. The method comprises the following steps:
1) extracting the genome DNA of the pepper to be detected;
2) taking the genome DNA of the pepper to be detected as a template, and carrying out PCR amplification reaction by using primers shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-3;
3) analyzing the PCR amplification product.
Preferably, the genomic DNA of the pepper sample is extracted by using the CTATB method.
Preferably, the reaction system used for the PCR amplification reaction is: 2 XEs Taq MasterMix (Dye) 5. mu.L, 10. mu.M forward primer FFN1-5UF5 and 10. mu.M reverse primer FFN1-e1R1 each 0.08. mu.L, 10. mu.M reverse primer FFN 1-PA-R0.4. mu.L, 80-200 ng/. mu.L (preferably 100 ng/. mu.L) DNA template 0.6. mu.L, ddH2O3.84. mu.L. Wherein Es Taq MasterMix is from commercial kit CW0690, well as century biotechnology limited.
PCR reaction procedure: pre-denaturation at 95 ℃ for 2 min; denaturation at 95 ℃ for 30s, annealing at 56 ℃ for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ for 40s for 38 cycles; extension at 72 ℃ for 10 min.
Step 3) detecting the PCR amplification product by agarose gel electrophoresis: if the amplification result has a characteristic band with the size of about 830bp, judging that the pepper to be detected is an early-maturing material; if a characteristic band with the size of about 380bp appears in the amplification result, judging that the pepper to be detected is a late-maturing material with homozygous genotype; and if two characteristic bands of 830bp and 380bp appear in the amplification result, judging that the pepper to be detected is a late-maturing material with a heterozygous genotype.
Specifically, a 1% agarose gel electrophoresis with a GoldView nucleic acid dye is used for detecting a PCR amplification product (the sample loading amount is 3 mu L), the electrophoresis result is judged by combining parent bands, the early-maturing genotype (1-4 nodes at the initial flower node position) is judged if the bands are consistent with the early-maturing parent (the bands of about 830 bp), and the late-maturing genotype (more than 4 nodes at the initial flower node position) is judged if the bands are consistent with the late-maturing parent (the bands of about 380 bp) or the double-parent bands appear at the same time.
The invention also provides the application of the InDel molecular marker or the primers shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-3 in auxiliary breeding of pepper molecular markers.
The invention further provides a detection reagent or a kit containing the primers shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-3.
By using the pepper starting flower node molecular marker detection primer, the pepper maturity can be judged according to an electrophoresis picture of a PCR amplification product, and the primer can be directly used for subsequent molecular marker assisted breeding. By the technical scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the method firstly utilizes a BSR-seq technology to position the regulation and control site of the pepper primordial flower locus, and develops the pepper maturity molecular marker based on the primordial flower locus.
And (II) the PCR product obtained by amplifying the molecular marker detection primer can detect the band polymorphism by using 1% agarose gel without additional restriction enzyme digestion or complicated polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis operation. The InDel molecular marker is a co-dominant marker and has the advantages of stable amplification, high accuracy, convenience and quickness in detection and the like.
And (III) the molecular marker is applied to carry out conventional hybridization or backcross transformation on the ultra-early pepper and other late-maturing materials, and the ultra-early pepper with 1-4 nodes of the starting flower nodes and the relatively late-maturing pepper with more than 4 nodes can be quickly and accurately distinguished in the polymerization process of other excellent characters of the pepper, so that molecular-assisted selective breeding of the ultra-early pepper is facilitated, meanwhile, reference is provided for breeding of the late-maturing pepper, and the breeding process can be greatly accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the results of a whole genome scan of delta values of SNPs sites in two extreme pools in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the location of InDel molecular marker and the design site of primer FFN1-PA-R in example 1.
FIG. 3 is an electrophoresis diagram of molecular markers for pepper maturity in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; wherein, M: DNA Marker; b: very early-maturing capsicum B9431(ii) a A: late-maturing capsicum A145；F1：B9431And A145F obtained by hybridization1Plant generation; f2：B9431And A145Hybridization to give F1F obtained by selfing2Randomly selecting individual plants in the population; e: the early-maturing chili with 1-4 nodes of the starting flower; l: relatively late-maturing peppers with the initial flower nodes larger than 4.
FIG. 4 is an electrophoresis diagram of molecular markers for pepper maturity in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; wherein, M: DNA Marker; b: very early-maturing capsicum B9431(ii) a J: late-maturing capsicum B025；F1：B9431And B025F obtained by hybridization1Plant generation; f2：B9431And B025Hybridization to give F1F obtained by selfing2Randomly selecting individual plants in the population; e: the early-maturing chili with 1-4 nodes of the starting flower; l: relatively late-maturing peppers with the initial flower nodes larger than 4.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the examples follow conventional experimental conditions, such as the Molecular Cloning handbook, Sambrook et al (Sambrook J & Russell DW, Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual,2001), or the conditions as recommended by the manufacturer's instructions.
Example 1 development of a Chilli-initiated-flower node molecular marker InDel
1. Population material construction and genetic analysis
Early ripening pepper B9431(the initial flower node is 1-4 nodes according to the change of the planting environment) as the female parent, and the late-maturing pepper (the initial flower node is 13-18 nodes according to the change of the planting environment) A145Hybridizing the male parent to obtain F1Generation, F1Selfing the plant to obtain F2And (4) a group. 2017 planting the F in spring2297 plants of the population are determined by the true leaf (node position) number between the cotyledon and the first flower on the main stem, and the statistical result shows that the node positions of the initial flowers of the population are in bimodal distribution, which shows that the node positions of the initial flowers are controlled by the main effective genes, the initial flowers are divided from the bimodal peak valley, 215 plants are obtained in total by high initial flower node positions (more than or equal to 5) late maturing plants, and 82 plants are obtained in total by low initial flower node positions (less than or equal to 4), which accords with 3: 1 separation ratio (χ)2＝1.08，P>0.05), indicating that the florescence nodulation (. ltoreq.4) of the population is under monogenic control.
2. RSR-Seq (Bulked Segregant RNA-Seq) analysis
Selecting F2The early-maturing pepper 30 with extremely low starting flower nodes and the late-maturing pepper 30 with extremely high starting flower nodes in the population are respectively constructed into extreme mixed pools, total RNA is extracted by using an RNAasso Plus kit (Code No.9108) of Bao biology company according to the operation of a specification, BSR-seq sequencing (HiSeq X-ten sequencing, PE140) is carried out, effective data of 6.68G are obtained in a low starting flower node pool, effective data of 6.93G are obtained in a high pool flower node pool, and 83.69% and 83.83% of the effective data can be compared with a reference genome respectively. The SNPs sites of the two pools were analyzed using SAMtools software. Respectively calculating the frequency of each SNPs locus in the two mixed pools and the difference value (namely delta value) of the corresponding SNPs frequency in the two mixed pools, finally, taking the average delta value (3MB as a window and 1MB as a step length) as a vertical coordinate, and drawing the chromosome position as a horizontal coordinate (figure 1), wherein a peak value is shown at the end of the 2 nd chromosome, which indicates that the position has a main effective gene for controlling the starting flower locus of the pepper, and is approximately at the position of 130-170 Mb.
3. Development of molecular markers
There is a transcription regulatory factor of AP2 family in the BSR-seq positioning interval, AP2 is flowering inhibitor in Arabidopsis thaliana, and flowering time can be regulated by inhibiting the flowering activator and activating the flowering inhibitor. Therefore, the gene (named CaFFN1) is presumed to be a regulation gene of the capsicum frutescens florescence. Primers FFN1-csF2 (5'-TCCACGCATCTATTTTAGGCAG-3', SEQ ID NO:5) and FFN1-csR2 (5'-TTAACACCAACCCAGTGAGCTC-3', SEQ ID NO:6) were designed to amplify parental B9431And A145The CaFFN1 gene in (1) is sequenced, and the parent B is found9431The 5 ' UTR region of the gene has a 15bp InDel (figure 2), the sequence of the insert fragment is 5'-ATTTAAAAGTTTAGG-3' (SEQ ID NO:4), primers FFN1-5UF5(SEQ ID NO:1) and FFN1-e1R1(SEQ ID NO:2) are designed at two sides of the insert fragment, and a primer FFN1-PA-R (SEQ ID NO:3) is designed at the position of the deletion fragment according to late maturing materials. By adjusting the amount of these 3 primers in the PCR reaction system and the annealing temperature of the PCR reaction, it was found that in a 10. mu.L PCR reaction system, 0.08. mu.L each of the forward primer FFN1-5UF5 (10. mu.M) and the reverse primer FFN1-e1R1 (10. mu.M) and 0.4. mu.L each of the reverse primer FFN1-PA-R (10. mu.M) were present, and that when the annealing temperature was 56 ℃, the annealing temperature was found to be in the very early-maturing parent B9431Can amplify a band of about 830bp in the late-maturing parent A145A competitive advantage (by increasing the dosage of the primer FFN1-PA-R, the competitive advantage of the combination of the FFN1-5UF5 and FFN1-PA-R primers is formed) strip of about 380bp is amplified in the F1Can simultaneously amplify two bands of 830bp and 380bp (figure 3), and the molecular marker is a co-dominant marker.
Example 2 application of capsicum frutescens nodal molecular marker InDel 1
Extraction of parent B by CTAB method9431Parent A145、F1Plant (B)9431×A145) And 297 Strain F2DNA of the plant, detecting the DNA concentration with a Nanodrop spectrophotometer, adding ddH2O all DNA concentrations were adjusted to 100 ng/. mu.L. PCR was performed under the following conditions: the total reaction volume was 10. mu.L, wherein kang was 5. mu.L of 2 XEs Taq MasterMix (Dye) (CW0690) of century Biotechnology Ltd, 0.08. mu.L each of forward primer FFN1-5UF5 (10. mu.M) and reverse primer FFN1-e1R1 (10. mu.M), 0.4. mu.L of reverse primer FFN1-PA-R (10. mu.M), 0.6. mu.L of 100 ng/. mu.L DNA template, ddH2O3.84. mu.L. PCR reaction procedure: pre-denaturation at 95 ℃ for 2 min; denaturation at 95 ℃ for 30s, annealing at 56 ℃ for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ for 40s for 38 cycles; extension at 72 ℃ for 10 min. 3 μ L of PCR reaction product was electrophoretically detected, and the electrophoresis results of a part of the amplification product are shown in FIG. 3. As a result, it was found that 297 strain F2The genotype and the phenotype of the plant are co-separated, namely 82 banding patterns and the ultra-early parent B9431The same super-early-maturing pepper with the initial flower node less than or equal to 4, 215 plant banding patterns and a late-maturing parent A145Or F1The relatively late-maturing peppers with the same genotype are all relative late-maturing peppers with the starting flower nodes being more than 4. The detection of the InDel molecular marker by the method can accurately predict the maturity of offspring and greatly improve the selection efficiency of the maturity of pepper.
Example 3 application of molecular marker InDel for capsicum starting flower node position 2
Very early-maturing capsicum B9431(original flower node 1-4) and late-maturing capsicum B025(the first flower node is 7-10 nodes) to obtain F1Generation, F1Selfing the plant to obtain F2And (4) a group. 2017 planting the F in spring2Selecting 61 plants randomly to extract DNA, and subjecting the parents and F to the same conditions as in example 21And F2The plant is subjected to PCR, 3 mu L of PCR reaction product is taken for electrophoresis detection, and the electrophoresis result of part of amplification product is shown in figure 4. The result shows that the genotype identified by the marker is consistent with the plant phenotype, namely the banding pattern is consistent with the very early-maturing parent B9431The same is the super-early-maturing pepper with the initial flower node less than or equal to 4, the banding pattern and the late-maturing parent A025Or F1The relatively late-maturing peppers with the relative early-maturing pepper of which the starting flower nodes are more than 4 are consistent in genotype.
The InDel molecular marker can accurately predict the maturity of offspring in different populations and has important application value.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Sequence listing
<110> institute of vegetables and flowers of agricultural science institute of Jiangxi province
<120> InDel molecular marker for identifying pepper maturity and application thereof
<130>KHP181110720.1
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aaaggacttg ttttcagttt gttc 24
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Claims (3)
1. The application of the primer of the InDel molecular marker for identifying the pepper maturity in identifying the pepper maturity;
the nucleotide sequence of the InDel molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO. 4;
the primers comprise forward primers FFN1-5UF5, reverse primers FFN1-e1R1 and reverse primers FFN1-PA-R, and the sequences are respectively shown as SEQ ID NO 1-3;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) extracting the genome DNA of the pepper to be detected;
2) taking the genome DNA of the pepper to be detected as a template, and carrying out PCR amplification reaction by using primers shown in SEQ ID NO. 1-3;
3) analyzing the PCR amplification product;
step 3) detecting the PCR amplification product by agarose gel electrophoresis: if a characteristic strip of 830bp appears in the amplification result, judging that the pepper to be detected is a premature material; if a characteristic band of 380bp appears in the amplification result, judging that the pepper to be detected is a late-maturing material with homozygous genotype; if two characteristic bands of 830bp and 380bp appear in the amplification result, judging that the pepper to be detected is a late-maturing material with a heterozygous genotype;
wherein, early-maturing capsicum is arranged at the starting flower node position of 1-4 nodes; the late-maturing peppers with the initial flower nodes larger than 4.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the reaction system used in the PCR amplification reaction in step 2) is: 2 XEs Taq MasterMix 5. mu.L, 10. mu.M forward primer FFN1-5UF5 and 10. mu.M reverse primer FFN1-e1R1 each 0.08. mu.L, 10. mu.M reverse primer FFN 1-PA-R0.4. mu.L, 80-200 ng/. mu.L DNA template 0.6. mu.L, ddH2O 3.84 μL。
3. Use according to claim 2, characterized in that step 2) the PCR reaction program: pre-denaturation at 95 ℃ for 2 min; denaturation at 95 ℃ for 30s, annealing at 56 ℃ for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ for 40s for 38 cycles; extension at 72 ℃ for 10 min.
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| CN108841982B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-04-26 | 青岛农业大学 | The Molecular Identification of fasciation capsicum annum fasciculatum Fertile cytoplasm marks and keeps system selective breeding method |
| CN109321674A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 宁夏泰金种业股份有限公司 | A kind of the InDel label and identification method of capsicum purity of hybrid |
| CN110484648B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2022-06-07 | 湖南农业大学 | Indel molecular marker for identifying single cluster inflorescence of capsicum, primer and application |
| CN110592255B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2022-06-07 | 湖南农业大学 | Indel molecular marker closely linked with pepper cluster inflorescence gene, primer and application |
| CN112322770A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Molecular marker for identifying branch type of capsicum and application thereof |
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