CN108164771B - 降噪吸声板的制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种降噪吸声板的制作方法,所述吸声板按如下重量份数的原料制成:NBR橡胶1份,PVC1‑1.2份,氢氧化铝1‑1.8份,发泡剂ADC1.2‑1.5份,滑石粉0.8‑1份,氯化石蜡2‑2.5份,炭黑0.25‑0.3份,阻燃剂0.12‑0.15份,防老剂0.005‑0.01份。本发明制得的产品,憎水性高、抗撕裂强度大,避免了使用时甲醛和纤维的粉尘污染,材料不仅柔软同时还具有孔状结构,吸声降噪性能好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建材技术领域,特别是涉及一种降噪吸声板的制作方法。
背景技术
如今噪声已成为最令人头疼的一种环境污染源,在公共场所、公共建筑中,噪声无处不在,减少噪声会提供更好的生活质量,使人们免受噪声带来的压力影响。特别是在民用建筑领域,噪声的防治变得越来越重要。在建筑物中减少噪音的主要途径是采用像吸音板这样的吸音材料,所述吸音材料多为密实毛毡、发泡聚氨酯和矿物棉、玻璃棉等传统材料。
现有的吸音材料憎水性差、抗撕裂强度小,难以满足复杂工况下的使用要求,同时含有甲醛及容易产生纤维粉尘,很容易造成二次污染。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种降噪吸声板的制作方法,可以大幅减少建筑物内的环境噪音。
本发明所述技术问题是通过以下技术方案解决的:
一种降噪吸声板的制作方法,所述吸声板按如下重量份数的原料制成:NBR橡胶1份,PVC1-1.2份,氢氧化铝1-1.8份,发泡剂ADC1.2-1.5份,滑石粉0.8-1份,氯化石蜡2-2.5份,炭黑0.25-0.3份,阻燃剂0.12-0.15份,防老剂0.005-0.01份。
上述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,制作按以下步骤进行:
a、一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在150-160℃的温度下混炼10-15min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5-6min,降温至65℃-75℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放备用;
b、二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机,混炼80-100秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机,再依次向开炼机投入以下辅料,所述辅料以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0.3%、ZBS:0.3-0.5%、PZ:2-2.5%、硫磺0.5-0.6%、DPTT:0.2-0.25%和PVI:0.01-0.015%,混炼4分钟,再切成25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温;
c、挤出:混炼后的胶料置入螺杆式挤出机,挤成管状或片状;
d、硫化发泡:将挤出后的胶片或管状胶料放入烘箱,通过烘箱逐段硫化并发泡;
硫化发泡温度及速度范围如下:
e、冷却、成型:通过风扇强制风冷、及输送带的自然冷却将发泡后的胶片或管状胶料降温;
f、破孔:将冷却成型后的胶片或管状胶料放入粉碎机,通过粉碎机的剪切和撕裂作用后形成鳞片状物料颗粒;
g、压模成型:在鳞片状物料颗粒中加入聚氨酯粘合剂,加入量为20%,混匀后模压成板状。
上述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,步骤a中,在开炼机上胶料的冷却温度为70℃。
上述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,步骤e中气泡与胶料总体积比为2:3—2.5:3。
上述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,在步骤f中的粉碎机出口增设金属网(2),金属网外连通风管与抽风机。
上述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,所述金属网的网孔的孔径为5-12毫米。
与现有技术相比,本发明制得的产品,材料柔软、抗撕裂强度大,憎水性强,避免了传统材料的甲醛和纤维粉尘的污染,而且具有孔壁褶皱的孔状结构,利于吸声降噪。本发明的孔状结构占总体积的30-40%,且孔形曲折,具有更长更曲折的孔洞,使噪声在其中能够被多次反射、消耗,使声能最终被胶体吸收。本发明的吸收噪音的效果较之普通装饰板提高10-20%。
附图说明
图1是本发明粉碎机的结构示意图;
图2是本发明制得的产品断面图。
图中各标号分别表示为:1.粉碎机;2.金属网;3.抽风机。
具体实施方式
本发明是以橡塑发泡材料为基材,通过特殊设备将其原有的闭孔结构破坏,再辅之以特殊的粘合剂,通过模压成型;使材料既具备橡塑制品的柔韧性又具备良好的吸声功能。
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
降噪吸声板的制作原料为:NBR橡胶1份,PVC1.2份,氢氧化铝1.8份,发泡剂ADC1.5份,滑石粉1份,氯化石蜡2.5份,炭黑0.3份,防焦剂CTP0.01份,阻燃剂0.0.15份,防老剂0.01份。
制作按以下步骤进行:
a、一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在150℃的温度下混炼15min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5min降温至70℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放;
b、二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机混炼80秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机进行混炼,再依次向开炼机投入以下小料,以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0.3%、ZBS:0.3%、PZ:2%、硫磺0.5%、DPTT:0.2%和PVI:0.01%,混炼4分钟,再切成约25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温;
c、挤出:将混炼后的胶料置入螺杆式挤出机,挤压成管状或片状;
d、硫化发泡:将挤出后的胶片或管状物放入烘箱,通过烘箱逐段硫化并发泡;
硫化发泡温度及速度范围如下:
e、冷却温度、成型:通过冷却风扇的作用及输送带的自然冷却将发泡后的胶片或管状胶料降温,在胶料冷却凝固前,对胶料进行扭曲挤压,使气泡成不规则的形状,以此在同等气泡容积下获得更长更为曲折的孔径,噪声在其中能够被多次反射、消耗,使声波能最终被胶体吸收;
f、破孔:将冷却成型后的胶片或管状胶料放入粉碎机,使胶片或管状胶料内的气泡破碎呈孔状结构,使粉碎机1出口增设金属网2,金属网的孔径为5-12毫米,金属网2外连通风管与抽风机3。通过粉碎机的剪切和撕裂作用后形成符合粒径要求的物料颗粒;只有符合粒径要求的才能通过金属网板的小孔,不符合要求的大粒径颗粒继续在粉碎机内部粉碎,直至符合粒径要求后穿过金属网通过抽风机的作用排出。
g、压模成型:在物料颗粒中加入聚氨酯粘合剂,加入量为20%,混匀后模压成型。
实施例2
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于:降噪吸声板的制作原料为NBR橡胶1份,PVC1份,氢氧化铝1.8份,发泡剂ADC1.2份,滑石粉0.8份,氯化石蜡2份,炭黑0.25份,防焦剂CTP0.01份,阻燃剂0.12份,防老剂0.005份;
制作步骤中:
a.一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在160℃的温度下混炼14min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5min降温至70℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放;
b、二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机混炼100秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机进行混炼,再依次向开炼机投入以下小料,以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0.3%、ZBS:0.5%、PZ:2.5%、硫磺0.6%、DPTT:0.25%和PVI:0.015%,混炼4分钟,再切成约25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温。
其他同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于以下:
降噪吸声板的制作原料为NBR橡胶1份,顺丁胶BR0.01份,PVC1.05份,氢氧化铝1.2份,发泡剂ADC1.3份,滑石粉0.0.85份,氯化石蜡2.1份,炭黑0.26份,防焦剂CTP0.01份,阻燃剂0.13份,防老剂0.006份;
制作步骤中:
a.一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在154℃的温度下混炼13min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5min降温至70℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放;
b.二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机混炼85秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机进行混炼,再依次向开炼机投入以下小料,以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0.3%、ZBS:0.35%、PZ:2.1%、硫磺0.52%、DPTT:0.21%和PVI:0.012%,,混炼4分钟,再切成约25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温。
其他同实施例1。
实施例4
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于:降噪吸声板的制作原料为NBR橡胶1份,顺丁胶BR0.01份,PVC1份,氢氧化铝1.2份,发泡剂ADC1.2份,轻质碳酸钙0.8份,氯化石蜡2.1份,炭黑0.25份,防焦剂CTP0.01份,阻燃剂0.15份,防老剂0.01份;
制作步骤a如下:
a.一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在156℃的温度下混炼12min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5min降温至70℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放;
b、二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机混炼90秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机进行混炼,再依次向开炼机投入以下小料,以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0.3%、ZBS:0.4%、PZ:2.2%、硫磺0.55%、DPTT:0.23%和PVI:0.013%,混炼4分钟,再切成约25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温。
实施例5
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于:降噪吸声板的制作原料为NBR橡胶1份,顺丁胶BR0.01份,PVC1份,氢氧化铝1.5份,发泡剂ADC1.2份,陶土0.5份,氯化石蜡2.1份,炭黑0.25份,防焦剂CTP0.01份,阻燃剂0.15份,防老剂0.01份;
制作步骤a如下:
a.一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在158℃的温度下混炼10min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5min降温至70℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放;
b.二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机混炼95秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机进行混炼,再依次向开炼机投入以下小料,以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0.3%、ZBS:0.45%、PZ:2.4%、硫磺0.58%、DPTT:0.24%和PVI:0.014%,,混炼4分钟,再切成约25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温。
其他同实施例1。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明核心技术的前提下,还可以做出若干等同的改进和变型,这些等同的改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种降噪吸声板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述吸声板按如下重量份数的原料制成:NBR橡胶1份,PVC1-1 .2份,氢氧化铝1-1 .8份,发泡剂ADC1 .2-1 .5份,滑石粉0 .8-1份,氯化石蜡2-2.5份,炭黑0.25-0.3份,阻燃剂0.12-0.15份,防老剂0.005-0.01份;
制作按以下步骤进行:
步骤a、一次混炼:依次将制作原料投入密炼机腔室,在150-160℃的温度下混炼10-15min,然后打开卸料门,将成团的胶料通过滑槽落入开炼机上,在开炼机上将胶料复炼5-6min,降温至65℃-75℃,将复炼后的胶料冷却、切条,得切条料,依次码放备用;
步骤b、二次混炼:将步骤a中的切条料投入翻斗式密炼机,混炼80-100秒,卸料,将卸出的料投入开炼机,再依次向开炼机投入以下辅料,所述辅料以一次混炼后的胶料的重量为基数:氧化锌:0 .3%、ZBS:0 .3-0 .5%、PZ:2-2 .5%、硫磺0 .5-0 .6%、DPTT:0 .2-0.25%和PVI:0.01-0.015%,混炼4分钟,再切成25公分宽的胶条并冷却至常温;
步骤C、挤出:混炼后的胶料置入螺杆式挤出机,挤成管状或片状;
步骤D、硫化发泡:将挤出后的胶片或管状胶料放入烘箱,通过烘箱逐段硫化并发泡;硫化发泡温度及速度范围如下:
步骤e、冷却、成型:通过风扇强制风冷及输送带的自然冷却将发泡后的胶片或管状胶料降温;在胶料冷却凝固前,对胶料进行扭曲挤压,使气泡成不规则的形状,以此在同等气泡容积下获得更长更为曲折的孔径;
步骤f、破孔:将冷却成型后的胶片或管状胶料放入粉碎机,通过粉碎机的剪切和撕裂作用后形成鳞片状物料颗粒;
步骤g、压模成型:在鳞片状物料颗粒中加入聚氨酯粘合剂,加入量为20%,混匀后模压成板状。
2.如权利要求1所述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,其特征在于,步骤a中,在开炼机上胶料的冷却温度为70℃。
3.如权利要求2所述降噪吸声板的制作方法,其特征在于,步骤e中气泡与胶料总体积比为2:3—2.5:3。
4.如权利要求3所述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,其特征在于,在步骤f中的粉碎机(1)出口增设金属网(2),金属网(2)外连通风管与抽风机(3)。
5.如权利要求4所述的降噪吸声板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述金属网(2)的网孔为圆孔,孔径为5-12mm。
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