CN108163937A - 一种水体重金属检测剂 - Google Patents

一种水体重金属检测剂 Download PDF

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CN108163937A
CN108163937A CN201711238598.8A CN201711238598A CN108163937A CN 108163937 A CN108163937 A CN 108163937A CN 201711238598 A CN201711238598 A CN 201711238598A CN 108163937 A CN108163937 A CN 108163937A
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heavy metal
detection agent
polyethylene glycol
water detection
parts
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CN108163937B (zh
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赵志云
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Changxin Science & Technology Consulting Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
    • C02F1/488—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields for separation of magnetic materials, e.g. magnetic flocculation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及重金属检测领域，公开了一种水体重金属检测剂，该检测剂由以下成分及重量份组成：30‑50份四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒、30‑50份聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物、分散剂 10‑25份；其中聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面，聚乙二醇与壳聚糖嫁接摩尔比为1:1。本发明的水体重金属检测剂水溶性好，在水体中易分散，对重金属的吸附能力强，重金属富集解释以后，能够简单利用磁性回收检测，在水体中残留少，所用成分均无毒无害，安全环保，并且检测剂成分对检测信号无影响，是一种适于工业生产和应用的水体重金属检测剂。

Description

一种水体重金属检测剂
技术领域
本发明涉及重金属检测领域，尤其涉及一种水体重金属检测剂。
背景技术
经济与工业生产的快速发展已引起了诸多的污染问题，尤其是重金属的污染尤为严重，重金属在人类体内形成循环链最终会引发严重的疾病问题。目前已经有很多关于检测金属离子的报道，例如火焰原子吸收(FAAS)、电感耦合－等离子质谱法 ( ICP-MS)、电感耦合－等离子发射光谱( ICP-OES) 、电热原子吸收光谱(ETAAS)等方法。但是利用这些检测手段直接检测水体还存在很多问题，因为水体中汞、砷、硒、锑、铋等元素都是痕量存在的，直接检测水体容易出现重金属含量达不到检出限，或者含量较低，导致检测信号的信噪比过大等问题，因此需要有一种适用于水体的重金属检测剂，能够富集水体中的重金属，并且不影响检测信号。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种水体重金属检测剂，利用纳米磁性材料表面包覆技术，能够有效富集水体中的重金属物质，回收方便，对检测信号无影响。
本发明的具体技术方案为：该检测剂由以下成分及重量份组成：30-50份四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒、30-50份聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物、分散剂 10-25份；其中聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面，聚乙二醇与壳聚糖嫁接摩尔比为1:1。
四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒具有较强的磁性，使用过后可以磁性回收，操作简单方便，降低成本；聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物水溶性好，包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面能够帮助污水处理剂在水中分散、吸附污染物；壳聚糖具有大量孔隙，能够吸附水中的污染物，壳聚糖对重金属的吸附主要是物理吸附，能够多层吸附，不易饱和，能够尽可能大量的富集水体中的重金属物质。
作为优选，所述四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒的粒径为20-50nm。
作为优选，所述聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物的分子量为8000-14000Da。
作为优选，所述聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物的制备方法为：称取壳聚糖溶解在98wt%的甲酸水溶液中，加入DMSO稀释，随后加入与壳聚糖等摩尔量的聚乙二醇，持续搅拌15-30分钟，加入37wt%甲醛溶液，搅拌1-2h，加入NaOH调节pH值至13后，用无水乙醇洗涤，冷冻干燥得到产物。
将聚乙二醇嫁接在壳聚糖上，增加了壳聚糖的水溶性和稳定性，有利于检测剂发挥作用。
作为优选，所述甲酸水溶液和DMSO体积比为1:10。
作为优选，所述壳聚糖的分子量为10000-18000Da。
作为优选，所述聚乙二醇的分子量为1000-2000Da。
作为优选，所述制备温度为20-30℃。
作为优选，所述分散剂为OP-10。
OP-10化学稳定性好，即使在高温下遇到酸、碱，化学结构也不容易被破坏，意味着它可以在很宽的pH值范围内使用，由于作为生产原料的苯酚的酸度较脂肪醇为高，与环氧乙烷缩合反应的速度快，所以在最终产品中很少含有游离苯酚，聚氧乙烯醚聚合度的分布也窄，表面活性更加明显，适于用于水体中。
与现有技术对比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的水体重金属检测剂水溶性好，在水体中易分散，对重金属的吸附能力强，重金属富集解释以后，能够简单利用磁性回收检测，在水体中残留少，所用成分均无毒无害，安全环保，并且检测剂成分对检测信号无影响，是一种适于工业生产和应用的水体重金属检测剂。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1
该检测剂由以下成分及重量份组成：50份四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒、30份聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物、分散剂 10份；其中聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面，聚乙二醇与壳聚糖嫁接摩尔比为1:1。
实施例2
该检测剂由以下成分及重量份组成：30份四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒、40份聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物、分散剂 25份；其中聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面，聚乙二醇与壳聚糖嫁接摩尔比为1:1。
实施例3
该检测剂由以下成分及重量份组成：40份四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒、50份聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物、分散剂 15份；其中聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面，聚乙二醇与壳聚糖嫁接摩尔比为1:1。
本发明中所用原料、设备，若无特别说明，均为本领域的常用原料、设备；本发明中所用方法，若无特别说明，均为本领域的常规方法。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变换，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于：该检测剂由以下成分及重量份组成：30-50份四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒、30-50份聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物、分散剂 10-25份；其中聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物包覆在四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒表面，聚乙二醇与壳聚糖嫁接摩尔比为1:1。
2.如权利要求1所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述四氧化三铁纳米磁性颗粒的粒径为20-50nm。
3.如权利要求1所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物的分子量为8000-14000Da。
4.如权利要求1或3所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述聚乙二醇壳聚糖嫁接物的制备方法为：称取壳聚糖溶解在98wt%的甲酸水溶液中，加入DMSO稀释，随后加入与壳聚糖等摩尔量的聚乙二醇，持续搅拌15-30分钟，加入37wt%甲醛溶液，搅拌1-2h，加入NaOH调节pH值至13后，用无水乙醇洗涤，冷冻干燥得到产物。
5.如权利要求4所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述甲酸水溶液和DMSO体积比为1:10。
6.如权利要求4所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述壳聚糖的分子量为10000-18000Da。
7.如权利要求4所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述聚乙二醇的分子量为1000-2000Da。
8.如权利要求4所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述制备温度为20-30℃。
9.如权利要求1所述的水体重金属检测剂，其特征在于，所述分散剂为OP-10。
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011012935A2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Universidade Do Minho Photocatalytic coating for the controlled release of volatile agents
CN104014321A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-03 厦门大学 壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/四氧化三铁复合磁性颗粒及制备与应用
CN106430647A (zh) * 2016-10-13 2017-02-22 苏州睿烁环境科技有限公司 一种重金属污水处理剂及其制备方法和应用
CN106673165A (zh) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-17 周坤友 一种高分子壳聚糖复合絮凝剂

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2011012935A2 (en) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Universidade Do Minho Photocatalytic coating for the controlled release of volatile agents
CN104014321A (zh) * 2014-06-20 2014-09-03 厦门大学 壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/四氧化三铁复合磁性颗粒及制备与应用
CN106673165A (zh) * 2015-11-06 2017-05-17 周坤友 一种高分子壳聚糖复合絮凝剂
CN106430647A (zh) * 2016-10-13 2017-02-22 苏州睿烁环境科技有限公司 一种重金属污水处理剂及其制备方法和应用

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