CN108155895A - A kind of modulation circuit and solid state pulse modulator - Google Patents
A kind of modulation circuit and solid state pulse modulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN108155895A CN108155895A CN201611104598.4A CN201611104598A CN108155895A CN 108155895 A CN108155895 A CN 108155895A CN 201611104598 A CN201611104598 A CN 201611104598A CN 108155895 A CN108155895 A CN 108155895A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
- H03K17/0826—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in bipolar transistor switches
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of modulation circuit and solid state pulse modulator, wherein, with second control circuit using master ＆ slave control, synchronous driving solves the problems, such as that each switching tube needs high_voltage isolation to drive to first control circuit, and with preferable shutdown equalization characteristic.Except this, first feedback branch and the second feedback branch are when the voltage for detecting switching tube is more than preset value, the feedback branch is connected, make the control terminal of current direction switching tube, so that the electric current of the control terminal of switching tube increases, until the operating point of switching tube moves to the amplification region of output characteristics, the electric voltage equalization of switch tube is realized.On this basis, the modulation circuit that this programme provides further includes clamp element, has ensured voltage across poles between the control terminal of switching tube and output terminal not excessive pressure damages.Also, the modulation circuit that this programme provides using power resistor and capacitance, does not reduce whole energy consumption and the loss of modulation circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of circuit design, more specifically to a kind of modulation circuit and solid state pulse tune
Device processed.
Background technology
Solid state pulse modulator is widely used in a variety of necks such as medical treatment, particle accelerator, radar emission, industrial irradiation
Domain.However, either in particle accelerator field still in radar emission field, solid state pulse modulator is required for being operated in several
Under ten kilovolts or even hundreds of kilovolts of high pressure.Therefore, as shown in Figure 1, solid state pulse modulator generally use multiple switch is direct
The mode of series connection satisfies the use demand.
However, the maximum working voltage each switched is fixed value, such as 3.3kv, therefore, in order to ensure that each switch is normal
Work needs to carry out equilibrium assignment to the voltage on each switch.Common equalizer circuit is as shown in Fig. 2, by being connected in parallel on out
Between the first end and second end of pass.Wherein, it is parallel to switching tube V1And V2The R at both endss1And Rs2It is static voltage sharing,
When dv/dt is smaller, play pressure.And dynamic voltage balancing then uses typical RCD snubber circuits, respectively by Rd1、Cd1、
Vd1And Rd2、Cd2、Vd2Composition, plays pressure when dv/dt is larger.Specifically, when switching tube turns off, power supply passes through two poles
Pipe Vd1To capacitance Cd1Charging, to inhibiting effect in the voltage change ratio and peak voltage of switching tube.When switching tube is connected,
Capacitance Cd1Pass through resistance Rd1Electric discharge, and then limit in switching tube IGBT and open peak current.
As it can be seen that RCD networks can effectively support voltage dynamic equalization, but inventor has found, the nothing in the equalizer circuit
Source device needs can bear high pressure, therefore, can be caused to carry out the method that switching tube is pressed by additional resistance R and RCD network
The increase of passive element cost, and increasing circuit is lost.
Therefore, a kind of modulation circuit how is provided so that while pressure, circuit structure is simple, at low cost, circuit consume
A low big technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily for those skilled in the art.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of modulation circuits, can realize the electric voltage equalization of switching tube, and circuit structure
Simply, it is at low cost, low in energy consumption.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of modulation circuit, including：Power supply, pulsed capacitance, load and at least one modulation sub-circuit；
First output terminal of the power supply and the first end of the pulsed capacitance and the input terminal of the modulation sub-circuit
It is connected, the output terminal of the modulation sub-circuit passes through the of the load and the second end of the pulsed capacitance and the power supply
Two output terminals are connected；
The modulation sub-circuit includes first control circuit and at least one second control circuit, the first control electricity
Road includes first switch pipe and the first feedback branch, and the second control circuit includes second switch pipe and the second feedback branch
Road, the control terminal of the first switch pipe is electrically connected with the control terminal of each second switch pipe, and receives same driving
Signal；
The input terminal of first feedback branch is connected with the input terminal of the first switch pipe, output terminal and described first
The control terminal of switching tube is connected, for when the voltage for detecting the first switch pipe is more than the first preset value, described in conducting
First feedback branch makes the control terminal of first switch pipe described in current direction；
The input terminal of second feedback branch is connected with the input terminal of the second switch pipe, output terminal and described second
The control terminal of switching tube is connected, for when the voltage for detecting the second switch pipe is more than the second preset value, described in conducting
Second feedback branch makes the control terminal of second switch pipe described in current direction；
The first switch pipe is concatenated with each second switch pipe, and the input terminal of the branch after series connection is as institute
The input terminal of modulation sub-circuit is stated, the output terminal of the branch after series connection is as the output terminal for modulating sub-circuit.
Preferably, the modulation sub-circuit further includes：Decoupling diode,
The control terminal of the first switch pipe is connected with the anode of the decoupling diode, the cathode of the decoupling diode
It is connected with the control terminal of the second switch pipe.
Preferably, first feedback branch includes：Voltage stabilizing element,
The first end of the voltage stabilizing element is connected with the input terminal of the first switch pipe, the second end of the voltage stabilizing element
It is connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe.
Preferably, the voltage stabilizing element includes at least one zener diode.
Preferably, first feedback branch further includes：First diode；
First diode is connected with the voltage stabilizing element, and the branch circuit parallel connection after series connection is in the first switch pipe
Between the control terminal of input terminal and the first switch pipe, first diode is used to prevent the control of the first switch pipe
The input terminal of first switch pipe described in the current direction at end.
Preferably, the first control circuit further includes：Clamp element,
The clamp element be connected in parallel on the first switch pipe output terminal and the first switch pipe control terminal it
Between, for the voltage value between the output terminal of the control terminal of the first switch pipe and the first switch pipe to be made to be not more than third
Preset value.
Preferably, the clamp element includes：First zener diode and the second zener diode,
The anode of first zener diode is connected with the anode of second zener diode, first voltage stabilizing two
The cathode of pole pipe is connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe, cathode and the first switch of second zener diode
The output terminal of pipe is connected.
Preferably, the clamp element includes：First voltage regulation resistance,
The first end of first voltage regulation resistance is connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe, first voltage regulation resistance
Second end be connected with the output terminal of the first switch pipe.
Preferably, the first switch pipe and the second switch pipe are insulated gate bipolar transistor.
A kind of solid state pulse modulator, including the above-mentioned modulation circuit of any one.
Compared with prior art, technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages：
The control terminal of first switch pipe described in a kind of modulation circuit provided by the present invention and described each described second
The control terminal of switching tube is electrically connected, and receives same drive signal, it is seen that first control circuit and the second control in this programme
Circuit uses master ＆ slave control, and synchronous driving solves the problems, such as that each switching tube needs high_voltage isolation to drive, and is closed with preferable
Disconnected equalization characteristic.
Except this, institute is connected when the voltage for detecting the first switch pipe is more than the first preset value in the first feedback branch
The first feedback branch is stated, makes the control terminal of first switch pipe described in current direction, the second feedback branch is detecting described second
When the voltage of switching tube is more than the second preset value, second feedback branch is connected, makes second switch pipe described in current direction
Control terminal, so that the electric current of the control terminal of switching tube increases, until the operating point of switching tube moves to the amplification of output characteristics
Area realizes the electric voltage equalization of switch tube.
On this basis, the modulation circuit that this programme provides further includes clamp element, ensured the control terminal of switching tube with
Voltage across poles between output terminal not excessive pressure damages.Also, the modulation circuit that this programme provides using power resistor and
Capacitance reduces the overall losses of modulation circuit.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of modulation circuit in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of equalizer circuit in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is a kind of concrete structure schematic diagram of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment；
Fig. 4 is a kind of another concrete structure schematic diagram of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment；
Fig. 5 is a kind of another concrete structure schematic diagram of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the another concrete structure schematic diagram of a kind of modulation circuit that the present embodiment also provides；
Fig. 7 is a kind of another concrete structure schematic diagram of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment；
Fig. 8 is a kind of another concrete structure schematic diagram of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment；
Fig. 9 is a kind of another concrete structure schematic diagram of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of modulation circuit and solid state pulse modulator, wherein, first control circuit and the second control
Circuit processed uses master ＆ slave control, and synchronous driving solves the problems, such as that each switching tube needs high_voltage isolation to drive, and with preferable
Turn off equalization characteristic.Except this, the first feedback branch and the second feedback branch are more than preset value in the voltage for detecting switching tube
When, the feedback branch is connected, makes the control terminal of current direction switching tube, so that the electric current of the control terminal of switching tube increases,
Until the operating point of switching tube moves to the amplification region of output characteristics, the electric voltage equalization of switch tube is realized.On this basis, originally
The modulation circuit that scheme provides further includes clamp element, has ensured voltage across poles between the control terminal of switching tube and output terminal not
Excessive pressure damages.Also, the modulation circuit that this programme provides using power resistor and capacitance, does not reduce the whole of modulation circuit
Physical efficiency consumes and loss.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of structure diagram of modulation circuit provided by the embodiment.The modulation circuit includes electricity
Source E, pulsed capacitance C, load 2 and at least one modulation sub-circuit 1.
Specific circuit connecting relation is as follows：
The first output terminal of the power supply E and the first end of the pulsed capacitance C and the input of the modulation sub-circuit 1
End is connected, and the output terminal of the modulation sub-circuit 1 passes through the second ends for loading the 2 and pulsed capacitance C and the electricity
The second output terminal of source E is connected；
It is described modulation sub-circuit 1 include first control circuit 10 and at least one second control circuit 20, described first
Control circuit 10 includes first switch pipe IGBT2 and the first feedback branch 101, and the second control circuit 20 is opened including second
Close pipe IGBT1 and the second feedback branch 102, the control terminal of the first switch pipe IGBT2 and each second switch pipe
The control terminal of IGBT1 is electrically connected, and receives same drive signal；
The input terminal of first feedback branch 101 is connected with the input terminal of the first switch pipe IGBT2, output terminal with
The control terminal of the first switch pipe IGBT2 is connected, for being more than first in the voltage for detecting the first switch pipe IGBT2
During preset value, first feedback branch 101 is connected, makes the control terminal of first switch pipe IGBT2 described in current direction；
The input terminal of second feedback branch 102 is connected with the input terminal of the second switch pipe IGBT1, output terminal with
The control terminal of the second switch pipe IGBT1 is connected, for being more than second in the voltage for detecting the second switch pipe IGBT1
During preset value, second feedback branch 102 is connected, makes the control terminal of second switch pipe IGBT1 described in current direction；
The first switch pipe IGBT2 is connected in series with each second switch pipe IGBT1, and the branch after series connection
Input terminal of the input terminal as the modulation sub-circuit 1, the output terminal of the branch after series connection is as the modulation sub-circuit 1
Output terminal.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, first control circuit 10 is identical with the circuit structure of second control circuit 20,
And first feedback branch it is also identical with the circuit structure and principle of the second feedback branch, in order to distinguish, therefore the two is named as
One control circuit and second control circuit, switching tube are preferentially managed using IGBT.Referring to Fig. 4, modulation provided in this embodiment
The pressure principle of circuit is：Feedback branch (the first feedback branch and the second feedback branch) measures collector emitter voltage,
And pass through a feedback branch (including the first feedback branch and the second feedback branch, wherein, feedback branch can include voltage stabilizing member
Part) feed back to the control terminal (the control terminal i.e. grid of switching tube) of switching tube.When collector emitter voltage is more than voltage stabilizing element
Avalanche breakdown voltage, then pass through coupling, electric current flows into grid, so as to by grid voltage hoisting, so as to make collector electric
Stream increases, until operating point moves to the amplification region of output characteristics.
It is described above, the first feedback branch and the structure of the second feedback branch and principle all same are now anti-with first
For presenting branch, its operation principle and circuit composition are introduced.Wherein, the specific implementation circuit of feedback branch can be as
Shown in Fig. 5, that is, the feedback branch includes：Voltage stabilizing element Z, the first end of the voltage stabilizing element Z are defeated with the first switch pipe
Enter end to be connected, the second end of the voltage stabilizing element is connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe.Optionally, the voltage stabilizing element
Can be a zener diode, or the series arm of zener diode is other electricity with voltage stabilizing function
Line structure.
Except this, first feedback branch further includes：First diode Ds, the first diode Ds and voltage stabilizing member
Part is connected, and the branch circuit parallel connection after connecting input terminal and the first switch pipe of the first switch pipe control terminal it
Between, the first diode Ds is used to prevent the defeated of first switch pipe described in the current direction of the control terminal of the first switch pipe
Enter end.
To sum up, feedback branch includes an a voltage stabilizing element Z and first diode Ds, wherein the first diode Ds can be with
Prevent the electric current during IGBT is opened from flowing to collector from driving circuit.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, incorporated by reference to Fig. 6, to the master ＆ slave control principle of modulation circuit provided in this embodiment
It is introduced, it is as follows：
Following switching tube carries complete driving circuit, the control pulse input including accessory power supply and isolation.Above
Switching tube driving circuit other than output stage, not integrate other ingredients.Main switch and from the decoupling between switch it is
It is undertaken by the diode of a high voltage.Once fall below the point that decoupling diode can open from the potential of switch emitter
When, it is just opened.It when decoupling diode ends, is just turned off from switch, and then ensures that shutdown is balanced well.It needs to illustrate
, it is several to be connected from switch by multistage.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the first control circuit further includes：Clamp element.
Wherein, the clamp element is connected in parallel on the control of the output terminal and the first switch pipe of the first switch pipe
Between end, for being not more than the voltage value between the output terminal of the control terminal of the first switch pipe and the first switch pipe
Third preset value.
Optionally, as shown in figure 8, the clamp element includes：First zener diode and the second zener diode,
The anode of first zener diode is connected with the anode of second zener diode, first voltage stabilizing two
The cathode of pole pipe is connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe, cathode and the first switch of second zener diode
The output terminal of pipe is connected.
Alternatively, the clamp element can be the first voltage regulation resistance, wherein, the first end of first voltage regulation resistance and institute
The control terminal for stating first switch pipe is connected, the second end of first voltage regulation resistance and the output terminal phase of the first switch pipe
Even.
Specifically, the operation principle for the modulation circuit that Fig. 8 is provided is：
Before IGBT conductings, IGBT collector voltages are fed back to by grid by voltage stabilizing element and diode, with grid
Clamping elements form IGBT static state voltage equipoise circuits together；After drive signal is added to IGBT2 grids, due to master-slave principle, IGBT2 is opened
IGBT1 is also open-minded simultaneously while logical；IGBT2 is turned off, and IGBT1 is also simultaneously turned off；If collector-emitter after IGBT is opened
Voltage is more than the avalanche breakdown voltage of voltage stabilizing element, then by coupling, electric current flows into grid, so as to which grid voltage be carried
It rises, so as to increase collector current, until operating point moves to the amplification region of output characteristics, so as to reach the effect of dynamic voltage balancing
Fruit.
Grid clamping component is to protect the voltage across poles of IGBT gate-emitters not excessive pressure damages, grid clamping portion
Part can be two zener diode Opposite direction connections (as shown in Figure 8), can also only be replaced with a resistance or other can
Reach the circuit of this defencive function.
It should be noted that assuming that high-voltage DC power supply voltage is 2 kilovolts of direct current, then IGBT selects 1200V stress levels
IGBT, every IGBT points voltage is 1 kilovolt, then it is 1 kilovolt that voltage regulation part Z10 and Z11, which selectes avalanche breakdown voltage, design
IGBT drive voltage levels are 15V, then grid clamping element Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 can select 18V (a little higher than 15V), and principal and subordinate two
Pole pipe D5 needs to select quick and pressure-resistant more than 1000V diode.Certainly, the present embodiment solely for the purpose of illustration, ability
Field technique personnel can be according to practical design requirement, into the model of row selecting switch pipe and diode, it is not limited on
State citing.
More than circuit is the circuit form of the solid state pulse modulator of two IGBT series connection, due to quick high-pressure diode D5
There is knot pressure drop, if IGBT serial numbers are too many, the driving voltage of last IGBT from IGBT will necessarily be reduced, therefore
It may be used such as the circuit in Fig. 9, more tandeming problems of solution.
In Fig. 9 by every two IGBT series circuits be designed to a component (can also more IGBT series circuits be designed to
One component), then multiple components are connected, drive signal is driven using synchronous, so as to reach more IGBT series connection
Purpose, so as to which pulse-modulator be made to be operated in higher voltage grade.
Except this, the present embodiment additionally provides a kind of solid state pulse modulator, including the above-mentioned modulation circuit of any one.
In conclusion the control terminal of first switch pipe described in a kind of modulation circuit provided by the present invention with it is described each
The control terminal of the second switch pipe is electrically connected, and receives same drive signal, it is seen that in this programme first control circuit with
Second control circuit uses master ＆ slave control, and synchronous driving solves the problems, such as that each switching tube needs high_voltage isolation to drive, and has
Preferable shutdown equalization characteristic.
Except this, institute is connected when the voltage for detecting the first switch pipe is more than the first preset value in the first feedback branch
The first feedback branch is stated, makes the control terminal of first switch pipe described in current direction, the second feedback branch is detecting described second
When the voltage of switching tube is more than the second preset value, second feedback branch is connected, makes second switch pipe described in current direction
Control terminal, so that the electric current of the control terminal of switching tube increases, until the operating point of switching tube moves to the amplification of output characteristics
Area realizes the electric voltage equalization of switch tube.
On this basis, the modulation circuit that this programme provides further includes clamp element, ensured the control terminal of switching tube with
Voltage across poles between output terminal not excessive pressure damages.Also, the modulation circuit that this programme provides using power resistor and
Capacitance reduces the overall losses of modulation circuit.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.To the upper of the disclosed embodiments
It states bright, professional and technical personnel in the field is enable to realize or use the present invention.To a variety of modifications of these embodiments to ability
It will be apparent for the professional technician in domain, the general principles defined herein can not depart from the present invention's
In the case of spirit or scope, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention be not intended to be limited to it is shown in this article these
Embodiment, and it is to fit to the most wide range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of modulation circuit, which is characterized in that including：Power supply, pulsed capacitance, load and at least one modulation sub-circuit；
First output terminal of the power supply is connected with the input terminal of the first end of the pulsed capacitance and the modulation sub-circuit,
The output terminal of the modulation sub-circuit is second defeated by the load and the second end of the pulsed capacitance and the power supply
Outlet is connected；
The modulation sub-circuit includes first control circuit and at least one second control circuit, the first control circuit packet
First switch pipe and the first feedback branch are included, the second control circuit includes second switch pipe and the second feedback branch,
The control terminal of the first switch pipe is electrically connected with the control terminal of each second switch pipe, and receives same driving letter
Number；
The input terminal of first feedback branch is connected with the input terminal of the first switch pipe, output terminal and the first switch
The control terminal of pipe is connected, for when the voltage for detecting the first switch pipe is more than the first preset value, being connected described first
Feedback branch makes the control terminal of first switch pipe described in current direction；
The input terminal of second feedback branch is connected with the input terminal of the second switch pipe, output terminal and the second switch
The control terminal of pipe is connected, for when the voltage for detecting the second switch pipe is more than the second preset value, being connected described second
Feedback branch makes the control terminal of second switch pipe described in current direction；
The first switch pipe is concatenated with each second switch pipe, and the input terminal of the branch after series connection is as the tune
The input terminal of system circuit, the output terminal of the branch after series connection is as the output terminal for modulating sub-circuit.
2. modulation circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the modulation sub-circuit further includes：Decoupling diode,
The control terminal of the first switch pipe is connected with the anode of the decoupling diode, the cathode of the decoupling diode and institute
The control terminal for stating second switch pipe is connected.
3. modulation circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first feedback branch includes：Voltage stabilizing element,
The first end of the voltage stabilizing element is connected with the input terminal of the first switch pipe, the second end of the voltage stabilizing element and institute
The control terminal for stating first switch pipe is connected.
4. modulation circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the voltage stabilizing element includes at least one two pole of voltage stabilizing
Pipe.
5. modulation circuit according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first feedback branch further includes：One or two pole
Pipe；
First diode is connected with the voltage stabilizing element, and the branch circuit parallel connection after series connection is in the input of the first switch pipe
Between end and the control terminal of the first switch pipe, first diode is used to prevent the control terminal of the first switch pipe
The input terminal of first switch pipe described in current direction.
6. modulation circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first control circuit further includes：Clamp element,
The clamp element is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the first switch pipe and the control terminal of the first switch pipe, is used
Voltage value between the control terminal and the output terminal of the first switch pipe for making the first switch pipe is preset no more than third
Value.
7. modulation circuit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the clamp element includes：First zener diode
And second zener diode,
The anode of first zener diode is connected with the anode of second zener diode, first zener diode
Cathode be connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe, the cathode of second zener diode and the first switch pipe
Output terminal is connected.
8. modulation circuit according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the clamp element includes：First voltage regulation resistance,
The first end of first voltage regulation resistance is connected with the control terminal of the first switch pipe, and the of first voltage regulation resistance
Two ends are connected with the output terminal of the first switch pipe.
9. modulation circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first switch pipe and the second switch pipe
It is insulated gate bipolar transistor.
10. a kind of solid state pulse modulator, which is characterized in that including modulation circuit any one as described in claim 1-9.
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