CN108148176B - 一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯 - Google Patents

一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯 Download PDF

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CN108148176B
CN108148176B CN201810020216.2A CN201810020216A CN108148176B CN 108148176 B CN108148176 B CN 108148176B CN 201810020216 A CN201810020216 A CN 201810020216A CN 108148176 B CN108148176 B CN 108148176B
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徐学强
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯,该聚氨酯包含结构单元
Figure DDA0001543314020000011
其中,n为正整数,R0为蒽醌衍生物,R为二异氰酸酯化合物的脂肪族六元环衍生物或芳香基团。本发明的聚氨酯合成简单,具有良好的热稳定性与易加工性能,在外电场作用下表现除电阻转变现象,因此可作为新型的存储材料用于电阻型随机存储器中。与现有的电阻型存储材料相比,本发明的聚氨酯充分发挥了聚合物作为电子材料的诸多优势,例如,良好的加工性能、优异的延展性和丰富的结构转变及设计等,是一种具有发展潜力的新型的电阻型存储材料。

Description

一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯
技术领域
本发明涉及聚合物与存储器技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
数字高科技的飞速发展,对现有信息存储产品的性能提出了更高的要求,例如,高速度、高密度、长寿命、低成本和低能耗等,同时也揭示了现有随机存储技术的缺陷。动态存储器和静态存储器的弱点之一就是其易失性,即在断电情况下信息丢失,并且易受电磁辐射干扰。闪存则存在读写速度慢、记录密度低等技术障碍。因此,迫切需要在存储材料和技术方面取得突破,开发具有高性能的存储产品,满足数字高科技时代发展的要求。
台湾大学陈文章教授课题组以三苯胺作为电子给体,以1,3,4-噁二唑为电子受体,制备了两种侧链型无规聚合物,通过调整给/受体的比例,得到两种不同类型的存储器件,分别为DRAM和SARM型。
关于聚合物电阻型随机存储器的存储材料,目前绝大部分的研究都局限于D-A型共轭聚合物材料,如电子给体一般为芴、噁二唑等,电子受体一般为噻吩、三苯胺等。对于其他具有电阻型转变特性材料作为中间层的电阻型随机存储器的研究目前还较少。另一方面,聚氨酯作为电子材料具有诸多优势,例如良好的加工性能、优异的延展性和丰富的结构变换及设计等等。因此,寻找一种能够作为电阻型存储材料的聚合物,将在电阻型随机存储器领域中具有很大的发展潜力。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术现状,本发明目的是提供一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯,该聚氨酯在外电场作用下表现出电阻转变现象,可用于电阻型随机存储器的数据存储介质。本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的制备方法。本发明还有一目的是提供上述用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的应用。
技术方案:为实现上述本发明目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯,包含如下结构单元:
Figure DEST_PATH_DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中,n为正整数,50≤n≤1000,EG的结构式为-OCH2CH2O-,R0为蒽醌衍生物,具体结构式
Figure GDA0002726184000000022
R为二异氰酸酯化合物的脂肪族六元环或芳香基团,具体结构式如下:
Figure GDA0002726184000000023
所述的聚氨酯在外电场作用下,具有电阻转变的性质。
所述的聚氨酯在氮气氛的保护下,玻璃化转变温度为130~300℃。
所述的聚氨酯在氮气氛保护下,失重10%的热分解温度为210~400℃。
一种制备所述的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,在催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡存在下,1,5-二(β-羟乙氧基)蒽醌与TDI或MDI或IPDI反应生成预聚体,预聚体经过乙二醇进行扩链反应得到相对应的聚氨酯。
所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,二月桂酸二丁基锡的用量为0.1wt%。
所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,在氮气保护下80℃下加热搅拌12h,生成预聚体。
所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,生成预聚物后再往体系中加入乙二醇和DMF,在氮气保护下80℃继续搅拌12h,扩链反应得到相对应的聚氨酯。
所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,用石油醚反复沉淀过滤聚氨酯,在室温下真空干燥24h。
所述的基本单元R得自但不限于以下物质:甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI,包括2,4-TDI和2,6-TDI,及其任意比例混合物),二甲基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI),异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)。
本发明的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯可以由二异氰酸酯化合物与首尾含羟基的蒽醌在有机溶剂中反应生成首尾含异氰酸酯基的预聚物,再在有机溶剂中用乙二醇扩链得到聚氨酯。其中,二异氰酸酯混合物优选异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯。
本发明的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯在氮气氛的保护下玻璃化转变温度为130℃~300℃。
本发明的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯在氮气氛保护下失重10%的热分解温度为210℃~400℃。
有益效果:聚氨酯(polyurethane),全称为聚氨基甲酸酯,是主链上含有重复氨基甲酸酯基团的大分子化合物的统称。它是由有机二异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯与二羟基或多羟基化合物加聚而成。聚氨酯是一类具有较宽的温度适应范围,良好的耐挠曲和耐磨性、良好的环境稳定性的高功能聚合物。本发明提供了一种聚氨酯,该聚氨酯合成简单,除了具有较高的玻璃化转变温度,较高的分解温度,以及良好的可加工性能之外,在一定的外电场作用下,还具有电阻转变的性质,因此可作为新型的存储材料用于电阻型随机存储器中。与现有的电阻型存储材料相比,本发明的聚氨酯充分发挥了聚合物作为电子材料的诸多优势,例如,良好的加工性能、优异的延展性和丰富的结构变换及设计等;同时,发挥了聚氨酯所具有的优异特性,例如较宽的温度适应范围,良好的耐挠曲和耐磨性和良好的环境稳定性。
附图说明
图1是实施例3中的聚氨酯DSC曲线图;
图2是实施例3中的聚氨酯的TGA曲线图;
图3是实施例3中的聚氨酯作为存储单元时的双极性I-V特性图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
聚氨酯1的结构单元:
Figure GDA0002726184000000041
上述聚氨酯的制备过程为:将一个50mL三颈瓶放入一个装有回流冷凝管的磁力搅拌加热锅中,加入1,5-二(β-羟乙氧基)蒽醌(1mmol)、2,6-TDI(2mmol)和 DBTDL(0.wt%,催化剂),在氮气保护下80℃下加热搅拌12h;生成预聚物后再往体系中加入乙二醇(1mmol)和3mL DMF,在氮气保护下80℃继续搅拌 12h。最后用石油醚反复沉淀过滤,在室温下真空干燥24h。凝胶渗透色谱GPC 测试,数据分子量(Mn)为6510,重均分子量为13540,分散度
Figure GDA0002726184000000042
为 2.07。FTIR(KBr,cm-1):3339,2995,2927,1709,1672,1582,1531,1261,1239,808, 776,716,663。上述制备得到的聚氨酯的玻璃化转变温度为165℃,10wt%的热分解温度为270℃。因此,该聚氨酯具有优异的热稳定性。
存储单元制备:将该聚氨酯溶解与四氢呋喃中配成1wt%的溶液,旋涂于干净ITO玻璃上,然后在真空干燥箱中室温干燥24h,得到聚氨酯膜,最后在聚氨酯膜上生长一层金属电极。
实施例2
聚氨酯2的结构单元:
Figure GDA0002726184000000043
上述聚氨酯的制备过程为:将一个50mL三颈瓶放入一个装有回流冷凝管的磁力搅拌加热锅中,加入1,5-二(β-羟乙氧基)蒽醌(1mmol)、MDI(2mmol)和 DBTDL(0.1wt%,催化剂),在氮气保护下80℃下加热搅拌12h;生成预聚物后再往体系中加入乙二醇(1mmol)和3mL DMF,在氮气保护下80℃继续搅拌12h。最后用石油醚反复沉淀过滤,在室温下真空干燥24h。凝胶渗透色谱GPC测试,数据分子量(Mn)为8740,重均分子量为16014,分散度
Figure GDA0002726184000000044
为1.83。FTIR(KBr,cm-1):3339,2958,2924,1709,1672,1585,1533,1260,1238,808,777, 714,662。上述制备得到的聚氨酯的玻璃化转变温度为155℃,10wt%的热分解温度为265℃。因此,该聚氨酯具有优异的热稳定性。
存储单元制备:将该聚氨酯溶解与四氢呋喃中配成1wt%的溶液,旋涂于干净ITO玻璃上,然后在真空干燥箱中室温干燥24h,得到聚氨酯膜,最后在聚氨酯膜上生长一层金属电极。
实施例3
聚氨酯3的结构单元:
Figure GDA0002726184000000051
上述聚氨酯的制备过程为:将一个50mL三颈瓶放入一个装有回流冷凝管的磁力搅拌加热锅中,加入1,5-二(β-羟乙氧基)蒽醌(1mmol)、IPDI(2mmol)和 DBTDL(0.1wt%,催化剂),在氮气保护下80℃下加热搅拌12h;生成预聚物后再往体系中加入乙二醇(1mmol)和3mL DMF,在氮气保护下80℃继续搅拌12h。最后用石油醚反复沉淀过滤,在室温下真空干燥24h。凝胶渗透色谱GPC测试,数据分子量(Mn)为5040,重均分子量为11014,分散度
Figure GDA0002726184000000052
为2.18。 FTIR(KBr,cm-1):3339,2954,2925,1709,1671,1585,1531,1259,1237,808,775, 714,662。
图1和图2分别为上述制备得到的聚氨酯的DSC曲线和TGA曲线。从图1 可以看出:所得到的聚氨酯的玻璃化转变温度为140℃,从图2可以看出:所得到的聚氨酯10wt%的热分解温度为220℃。因此,该聚氨酯具有优异的热稳定性。
存储单元制备:将该聚氨酯溶解与四氢呋喃中配成1wt%的溶液,旋涂于干净ITO玻璃上,然后在真空干燥箱中室温干燥24h,得到聚氨酯膜,最后在聚氨酯膜上生长一层金属电极。
利用半导体参数分析仪测试上述制备得到的存储单元的I-V特性曲线,得到如图3所示的双极性I-V特性测试结果。从图3可以看出,在电压连续扫描模式下,该存储单元具有电阻转变的性质。扫描偏压加在金属电极上,电压初次从0V开始扫描时,该存储单元表现出高阻特性,当电压高于-2.7V时存储单元突然转变为低阻态,此时需要设定一个电流限流值(本实施例中为0.1A),以免电流过大损坏存储单元,当电压重新从-2.7V扫描至0V时,存储单元保持在低阻态,电压从0扫描至2.7V时(重置电压),存储单元突然转变为高阻态,从2.7V扫描至0V时,存储单元保持在高阻态。在下一次循环过程中,当电压从 0V扫至-2.7V时转变为高阻态,从0扫至2.7V时转变为低阻态,该高低组态的可持续105s,仍然表现出良好的稳定性。从图3也能看出所得器件的开关比表达,从而保证了器件的精确度和误读率;也可以通过限流来控制开关比,其开关比可以达到105

Claims (9)

1.一种用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯,其特征在于:其结构单元如下:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中,n为正整数,50≤n≤1000,EG的结构式为-OCH2CH2O-,R0为蒽醌衍生物,具体结构式如下:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
R为二异氰酸酯化合物的脂肪族六元环或芳香基团,具体结构式如下:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述的聚氨酯在氮气氛的保护下,玻璃化转变温度为130 ~300℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯,其特征在于:所述的聚氨酯在氮气氛保护下,失重10%的热分解温度为210 ~400℃。
4.一种制备权利要求1所述的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,其特征在于:在催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡存在下,1,5-二(β-羟乙氧基)蒽醌与TDI或MDI或IPDI反应生成预聚体,预聚体经过乙二醇进行扩链反应得到相对应的聚氨酯。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,其特征在于:二月桂酸二丁基锡的用量为0.1wt%。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,其特征在于:在氮气保护下80℃下加热搅拌12h,生成预聚体。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,其特征在于:生成预聚物后再往体系中加入乙二醇和DMF,在氮气保护下80℃继续搅拌12h,扩链反应得到相对应的聚氨酯。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯的方法,其特征在于:用石油醚反复沉淀过滤聚氨酯,在室温下真空干燥24 h。
9.权利要求1所述的用于电阻型存储材料的聚氨酯在制备电阻型存储材料中的应用。
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