CN108145301B - Electron beam gear continuous welding system and method - Google Patents
Electron beam gear continuous welding system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108145301B CN108145301B CN201711472284.4A CN201711472284A CN108145301B CN 108145301 B CN108145301 B CN 108145301B CN 201711472284 A CN201711472284 A CN 201711472284A CN 108145301 B CN108145301 B CN 108145301B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 636
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gear welding, in particular to an electron beam gear continuous welding system and method. Comprising the following steps: the welding machine comprises a welding cabin, a welding station, a loading and unloading station and a driving device, wherein the two welding cabins are arranged vertically to each other, and the driving system drives the two welding cabins to be alternately positioned in the loading and unloading station and the welding station. By means of the two welding cabins which are respectively arranged vertically and horizontally, electron beam welding of the gear assembly in different directions can be achieved by the aid of the same welding equipment. And two of the welding pods are alternately positioned in the loading and unloading stations and the welding station. The waiting time of vacuumizing is saved, and the welding efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear welding, in particular to an electron beam gear continuous welding system and method.
Background
In the gear welding process, the radial direction and the axial direction of the gear are required to be welded. In the prior art, when the gear is processed by adopting an electron beam, the gear is required to be processed by adopting radial electron beam welding equipment and axial electron beam welding equipment respectively, the equipment cost is high, and the processing efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electron beam gear continuous welding system for solving the technical problems, comprising:
the welding cabin is provided with a workpiece table for loading the gear assembly;
the welding station is provided with an electron beam welding device;
the loading and unloading station is provided with a vacuumizing device for vacuumizing the welding cabin;
the two welding cabins are arranged vertically to each other;
and the driving system is used for driving the two welding cabins to be alternately positioned in the loading and unloading station and the welding station.
In the technical scheme, the two welding cabins which are mutually perpendicular are arranged, so that electron beam welding of the gear assembly in different directions can be realized by adopting the same welding equipment. And two of the welding pods are alternately positioned in the loading and unloading stations and the welding station. When one welding cabin performs electron beam welding in the welding station, the other welding cabin performs workpiece loading and unloading in the loading and unloading station and completes vacuumizing of the welding cabin. And after the workpieces in the welding station are welded, moving the welding cabin in the welding station to a loading and unloading station for workpiece loading and unloading, and simultaneously moving the welding cabin which completes workpiece loading and unloading and vacuumizing at the loading and unloading station to the welding station for welding. The waiting time of vacuumizing is saved, and the welding efficiency is greatly improved.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the first sliding rail is arranged in a horizontal plane along a first direction; the first workbench is arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding manner; a first welding workbench and a second welding workbench are arranged on the first workbench along the first direction; one welding cabin is horizontally arranged on the first welding workbench, and the other welding cabin is vertically arranged on the second welding workbench; the welding station and the loading and unloading station are arranged along the first direction; the driving device drives the first workbench to slide along the first sliding rail, so that one welding cabin is positioned at the loading and unloading station while the other welding cabin is positioned at the welding station.
Preferably, the welding station comprises a welding cylinder, and the welding cylinder and the electron beam welding device are oppositely arranged along the vertical direction; the first welding workbench comprises a vertical sliding rail which is vertically arranged, and the welding cabin is in sliding connection with the second sliding rail; the welding cylinder can drive the welding cabin to move along the vertical sliding rail, so that the welding cabin is in butt joint with the electron beam welding device or the vacuumizing device.
Preferably, the loading and unloading stations comprise a first loading and unloading station corresponding to the first welding workbench and a second loading and unloading station corresponding to the second welding workbench; the second welding workbench comprises a second sliding rail arranged in a horizontal plane along a second direction, and the welding cabin is in sliding connection with the second sliding rail; the second loading and unloading station further comprises a loading and unloading air cylinder, and the loading and unloading air cylinder and the vacuumizing device are oppositely arranged along the second direction; the loading and unloading cylinder can drive the welding cabin to move along the second sliding rail, so that the welding cabin is in butt joint with the electron beam welding device or the vacuumizing device.
Preferably, the first loading and unloading station and the second loading and unloading station are respectively positioned at two sides of the welding station, so that when the first welding workbench is positioned at the welding station, the second welding workbench is positioned in the second loading and unloading station; when the second welding workbench is positioned at the welding station, the first welding workbench is positioned in the first loading and unloading station.
Preferably, two ends of the first sliding rail are respectively provided with a limiting piece, and the first workbench is provided with a base which is in sliding connection with the first sliding rail; when the base abuts against one of the limiting pieces, the first welding workbench is just located at the welding station; when the base is abutted against the other limiting piece, the second welding workbench is just located at the welding station.
Preferably, the work table is provided with a plurality of work holders in a circumferential direction, and the work table rotates in the circumferential direction.
The invention also provides an electron beam gear continuous welding method which is suitable for the electron beam gear continuous welding system; the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing a welding workbench to be welded in a welding station, and placing the welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled in a corresponding assembling and disassembling station;
step S2, if a workpiece to be welded is loaded in a welding workbench positioned in the welding station, generating an electron beam by the welding device to weld the workpiece to be welded in the welding station; unloading the workpiece to be unloaded from the welding cabin if the workpiece to be unloaded which is welded is loaded in the welding cabin in the loading and unloading station; loading the workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a welding workbench in the loading and unloading station if the workpiece to be welded is still to be welded;
step S3, moving the welding workbench positioned in the welding station in the step S2 to a corresponding loading and unloading station, and moving the welding workbench positioned in the loading and unloading station in the step S2 to the welding station;
and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3.
In the technical scheme, at least two welding cabins are vertically arranged, so that electron beam welding of the gear assembly in different directions can be realized by adopting the same welding equipment. And two of the welding pods are alternately positioned in the loading and unloading stations and the welding station. When one welding cabin performs electron beam welding in the welding station, the other welding cabin performs workpiece loading and unloading in the loading and unloading station and completes vacuumizing of the welding cabin. And after the workpieces in the welding station are welded, moving the welding cabin in the welding station to a loading and unloading station for workpiece loading and unloading, and simultaneously moving the welding cabin which completes workpiece loading and unloading and vacuumizing at the loading and unloading station to the welding station for welding. The waiting time of vacuumizing is saved, and the welding efficiency is greatly improved.
Preferably, in the step S2, the operation in the loading and unloading station includes:
step Sa-1, the welding cabin is in butt joint with a vacuumizing device of the second loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating the welding cabin with the external atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-3, if the welding cabin of the welding workbench in the loading and unloading station is loaded with the workpieces to be unloaded which are welded completely, unloading the workpieces to be unloaded from the welding cabin; otherwise, step Sa-4 is entered;
step Sa-4, if the workpiece to be welded still exists, loading the workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a welding workbench in the loading and unloading station, and entering step Sa-5;
and step Sa-5, closing the cabin door of the welding cabin, and vacuumizing the welding cabin.
Preferably, in the step S1, the first workbench is driven to move, so that the welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled is located in a corresponding assembling and disassembling station, and meanwhile, the welding workbench to be welded is located in the welding station; in the step S3, the first workbench is driven to move, so that the welding workbench in the welding station is located in the corresponding loading and unloading station, and meanwhile, the welding workbench in the loading and unloading station moves into the welding station.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of an electron beam gear continuous welding system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional top view of an electron beam gear continuous welding system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of an electron beam gear continuous welding system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1-3 illustrate an electron beam gear continuous welding system comprising:
the first slide rail 1 is arranged in the welding chamber along a first direction in a horizontal plane, and in the embodiment is a screw rod. The two ends of the first sliding rail 1 are respectively provided with a left limiting part 11 and a right limiting part 11.
The first workbench 2 is provided with two welding work tables along a first direction on the first workbench 2: a first welding table 21 and a second welding table 22. The first workbench 2 is slidably arranged on the first slide rail 1 through a base 23 at the bottom, so that the first workbench 2 can slide between the left limiting piece 11 and the right limiting piece 11 of the first slide rail 1 under the drive of the driving device.
The first welding table 21 comprises a vertical slide rail arranged along the vertical direction and a welding cabin arranged on the vertical slide rail in a horizontal sliding manner. The second welding table 22 includes a second slide rail disposed in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in a horizontal plane, and a welding chamber vertically slidably disposed on the second slide rail. The first welding table 21 and the second welding table 22 have the same welding chamber structure, and are provided with work tables for mounting gear assemblies. The welding pod is a closed structure with an openable pod door in which a circular workpiece table is rotatably disposed (the outline of the welding pod is not shown in the drawings for clarity of the structure inside the welding pod). A plurality of workpiece holders 21211 are distributed on the workpiece table along the rotation circumferential direction thereof.
A welding station and a loading and unloading station are arranged in the welding chamber along the first direction. The welding device comprises a welding station arranged in the middle, a first loading and unloading station corresponding to a first welding workbench at one side of the welding station, and a second loading and unloading station corresponding to a second welding workbench at the other side of the welding station. Wherein the welding station comprises an electron beam welding device 32 arranged at the top of the welding chamber above the first slide rail 1 and a welding cylinder 31 opposite the electron beam welding device 32 at the bottom of the welding chamber. The welding cylinder 32 is capable of driving the welding pod of the first welding station to move along the vertical slide rail such that the welding pod of the first welding station is in communication with the electron beam welding device 32. The welding cylinder 31 can also drive the welding pod of the first welding station to move along the vertical slide rail, so that the welding pod of the first welding station is separated from the electron beam welding device 32 and returns to a corresponding lower position, and the first welding station is just in butt joint with the vacuumizing device of the first loading and unloading station when moving to the first loading and unloading station along with the first station.
Wherein, the second loading and unloading station corresponding to the second welding workbench comprises a vacuumizing device and loading and unloading air cylinders 42 which are oppositely arranged at two sides of the first sliding rail along the second direction. When the second welding station is located in the second loading and unloading station, the telescopic rod of the loading and unloading air cylinder 42 extends out to be in contact with the welding cabin of the second welding station, and the vertically arranged welding cabin is ejected to the position of the opposite vacuumizing device along the second sliding rail, so that the vacuumizing device is in butt joint with the welding cabin. After the welding cabin is in butt joint with the vacuumizing device, the vacuumizing device can suck air in the welding cabin under the condition that the welding cabin is closed, so that the inner part of the welding cabin is in a vacuum state meeting the electron beam welding standard. After the welding cabin in the vacuum sealing state is in butt joint with the vacuumizing device, the vacuumizing device can enable the vacuum welding cabin to be communicated with the atmosphere, and therefore the cabin door of the welding cabin can be opened. The telescopic rod of the loading and unloading air cylinder 42 can also be connected with the welding cabin, so that the welding cabin is driven to slide along the second sliding rail when the telescopic rod is contracted, and the telescopic rod is far away from the vacuumizing device and returns to the position where the first sliding rail 1 and the second sliding rail intersect.
The left and right limiting pieces 11 at the end part of the first sliding rail 1 are matched with the base 23 of the first workbench, so that simple positioning is realized:
the first table slides on the first slide rail under the drive of the drive device, and when the base 23 abuts against the right stopper 11, the first table stops moving. At this time, the first welding table 21 on the first table 2 is just located in the welding station. At this time, the welding cylinder 31 of the welding station ejects the welding chamber of the first welding table upward so that the electron beam gun head of the electron beam welding device 32 is in the vacuum welding chamber, the welding device is started, the electron beam gun head emits electron beams to weld the workpiece mounted on the workpiece table of the welding chamber, and the jig of the workpiece rotates while welding, and then the radial welding of the gear assembly is completed. Meanwhile, the workpiece table of the welding cabin also revolves in the horizontal plane, so that after one workpiece is welded, the other unwelded gear assembly is aligned with the electron beam gun head along with the revolution of the workpiece table to carry out radial welding; in this way, when the work table makes a complete revolution, radial welding of all the work pieces mounted thereon can be completed. Also at this time, the second welding station 22 on the first station 2 is just located in the second loading and unloading station. And the loading and unloading cylinder of the second loading and unloading station ejects the welding cabin of the second welding workbench to be in butt joint with the vacuumizing device in the loading and unloading station. If the gear assembly is not loaded in the welding bay of the second welding station at this time, the gear assembly to be welded may be loaded into the welding bay of the second welding station. And then closing the cabin door, opening the vacuumizing device and vacuumizing the welding cabin. If a workpiece has been loaded in the welding bay of the second welding station at this time and the workpiece has been welded to completion, the gear assembly to be unloaded that has completed welding may first be unloaded from the second welding station and the gear assembly to be welded loaded into the second welding station. The loading and unloading cylinder starts to operate, drives the welding cabin of the second welding workbench to be separated from the vacuumizing device, and returns to the position where the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail intersect.
Also, when the first table slides on the first slide rail under the drive of the drive device, and the base 23 abuts against the left stopper 11, the first table stops moving. At this point, the second welding station of the first station 2 is just in the welding station and is in butt joint with the electron beam welding device 32. The second welding station has been loaded with workpieces to be welded in a second loading and unloading station and the welding chamber is evacuated. At this time, the electron beam gun head of the electron beam welding device is in a vacuum welding cabin, the welding device is started, the electron beam gun head emits electron beams to weld the gear assembly arranged on the workpiece table of the welding cabin, and the clamp of the workpiece rotates while welding, so that the gear assembly is welded in the axial direction after the welding. Meanwhile, the workpiece table of the welding cabin also revolves in a vertical plane, so that after one gear assembly is welded, the other unwelded gear assembly is aligned with the electron beam gun head along with the revolution of the workpiece table to perform axial welding; in this way, when the work table is rotated a complete revolution, axial welding of all gear assemblies mounted thereon can be completed. Also at this time, the first welding station of the first station 2 is just in the first loading and unloading station and is docked with the vacuum-pumping device of the first loading and unloading station. If no work piece is loaded in the welding pod of the first welding table at this time, the work piece to be welded may be loaded into the welding pod of the first welding table. And then closing the cabin door, opening the vacuumizing device and vacuumizing the welding cabin. If a workpiece is already loaded in the welding pod of the first welding station at this time and the workpiece has been welded to completion, the workpiece to be unloaded that has completed welding may first be unloaded from the first welding station and loaded into the first welding station.
In summary, according to the electron beam gear continuous welding system of the present invention, when the first welding workbench performs radial welding of the gear assembly at the welding station, the second welding workbench is located at the second loading and unloading station to load and unload the gear assembly and vacuum process the welding cabin; when the second welding workbench is welded at the welding station, the first welding workbench is positioned at the first loading and unloading station for loading and unloading the gear assembly and carrying out vacuum treatment on the welding cabin. The first welding workbench and the second welding workbench are respectively and alternately positioned in the welding stations for axial welding and radial welding, so that idle waiting time for workpiece loading and unloading and vacuumizing in the welding process of each welding cabin is omitted, and the welding efficiency is greatly improved.
Example two
The welding table to be welded in the present embodiment refers to a welding table (first welding table or second welding table) on which a workpiece to be welded (i.e., an assembled gear assembly to be welded in the present embodiment) has been loaded with a workpiece holder and in which the welding chamber has been evacuated.
The welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled in the embodiment refers to a welding workbench which is not loaded with unwelded workpieces and needs to be loaded with the workpieces to be welded; or a welding station in a vacuum state where the work pieces in the welding station have been welded and are waiting for unloading.
The welding method of the electron beam gear continuous welding system based on the first embodiment comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing a welding workbench to be welded in a welding station, and placing the welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled in a corresponding assembling and disassembling station. In this embodiment, the first welding table is taken as a to-be-welded table, and the second welding table is taken as a to-be-assembled and disassembled welding table. The specific operation is as follows:
the driving device drives the first workbench to move, so that the first workbench is stopped at the position where the base of the first workbench is abutted against the right limiting piece. At this point, the first welding station is located exactly in the welding station and the second welding station is located exactly in the second loading and unloading station.
Step S2, if a workpiece to be welded is loaded in a welding cabin in a first welding workbench in the welding station, generating an electron beam by a welding device to radially weld the workpiece to be welded in the welding station; unloading the workpiece to be unloaded from the welding cabin if the workpiece to be unloaded to be welded is loaded in the welding cabin of the second welding workbench in the second loading and unloading station; and if the workpiece to be welded is still available, loading the workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a second welding workbench in a second loading and unloading station.
Case a) under initial conditions
The weld chamber of both weld stations in the welding system is empty and no work piece is loaded. The first welding workbench positioned at the welding station is not loaded with the workpiece to be welded, so that the welding device is not required to be started for welding. At this time, there must be a welded workpiece to be welded, and therefore, it is necessary to load the workpiece to be welded in the second welding table of the second loading and unloading station. At this time, the specific steps in the second loading and unloading station are:
step Sa-1, a loading and unloading cylinder of a second loading and unloading station drives a welding cabin of a second welding workbench to move so that the welding cabin of the second loading and unloading station is in butt joint with a vacuumizing device of the second loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating a welding cabin of a second welding workbench in a second loading and unloading station with the outside atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-4, loading a workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a second welding workbench in a second loading and unloading station;
and step Sa-5, closing the cabin door of the welding cabin, and vacuumizing the welding cabin.
Step Sa-6, the loading and unloading cylinder of the second loading and unloading station drives the welding cabin of the second welding workbench to move, so that the welding cabin is positioned at the position where the second sliding rail intersects with the first sliding rail.
Case b) in the middle of the welding batch
One of the welding chambers of two welding tables in the welding system is loaded with a welded workpiece to be unloaded (the welding table to be unloaded), the other second table is loaded with an unwelded workpiece to be welded, and the welding chamber is vacuumized (the welding table to be welded). In this embodiment, the first welding table is taken as a welding table to be welded, and the second welding table is taken as a welding table to be assembled and disassembled.
At this time, the work piece to be welded is loaded in the first welding table located at the welding station, and the welding chamber has been evacuated to a vacuum state. The operation in the welding station is: the welding cylinder 31 at the bottom of the welding chamber ejects the welding chamber of the first welding table upward so that the electron beam welding device above is in butt joint with the welding chamber, and the electron beam gun head of the electron beam welding device is in the vacuum welding chamber, the welding device is started, the electron beam gun head is used for welding the workpiece mounted on the workpiece table of the welding chamber, and the clamp of the workpiece rotates while welding, so that the radial welding of the workpiece is finished. Meanwhile, the workpiece table of the welding cabin also revolves in the horizontal plane, so that after one workpiece is welded, the other unwelded workpiece is aligned with the electron beam gun head along with the revolution of the workpiece table to carry out radial welding; in this way, when the work table makes a complete revolution, radial welding of all the work pieces mounted thereon can be completed.
At this time, the specific steps in the second loading and unloading station are:
step Sa-1, a loading and unloading cylinder of a second loading and unloading station drives a welding cabin of a second welding workbench to move so that the welding cabin of the second loading and unloading station is in butt joint with a vacuumizing device of the second loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating a welding cabin of a second welding workbench in a second loading and unloading station with the outside atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-3, unloading the workpieces to be unloaded which are welded in the welding cabin of the second welding workbench in the second loading and unloading station from the welding cabin;
step Sa-4, loading a workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a second welding workbench in a second loading and unloading station;
step Sa-5, closing a cabin door of the welding cabin, and vacuumizing the welding cabin;
step Sa-6, the loading and unloading cylinder of the second loading and unloading station drives the welding cabin of the second welding workbench to move, so that the welding cabin is positioned at the position where the second sliding rail intersects with the first sliding rail.
Case b) during the end of the welding batch
One of the welding chambers of two welding tables in the welding system is loaded with a welded workpiece to be unloaded (the welding table to be unloaded), the other second table is loaded with an unwelded workpiece to be welded, and the welding chamber is vacuumized (the welding table to be welded). In this embodiment, the first welding table is taken as a welding table to be welded, and the second welding table is taken as a welding table to be assembled and disassembled.
At this time, the work piece to be welded is loaded in the first welding table located at the welding station, and the welding chamber has been evacuated to a vacuum state. The operation in the welding station is: the welding cylinder 31 at the bottom of the welding chamber ejects the welding chamber of the first welding table upward so that the electron beam welding device above is in butt joint with the welding chamber, and the electron beam gun head of the electron beam welding device is in the vacuum welding chamber, the welding device is started, the electron beam gun head is used for welding the workpiece mounted on the workpiece table of the welding chamber, and the clamp of the workpiece rotates while welding, so that the radial welding of the workpiece is finished. Meanwhile, the workpiece table of the welding cabin revolves in the horizontal plane, so that after one workpiece is welded, the other unwelded workpiece is aligned with the electron beam gun head along with the revolution of the workpiece table to carry out radial welding; in this way, when the work table makes a complete revolution, radial welding of all the work pieces mounted thereon can be completed.
At this time, the specific steps in the loading and unloading station are:
step Sa-1, a loading and unloading cylinder of a second loading and unloading station drives a welding cabin of a second welding workbench to move so that the welding cabin of the second loading and unloading station is in butt joint with a vacuumizing device of the second loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating a welding cabin of a second welding workbench in a second loading and unloading station with the outside atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-3, unloading the workpieces to be unloaded which are welded in the welding cabin of the second welding workbench in the second loading and unloading station from the welding cabin;
step Sa-4, no unwelded workpiece to be welded is available, the workpiece to be welded is not needed to be loaded in the step, and the step Sa-6 is directly carried out;
step Sa-6, the loading and unloading cylinder of the second loading and unloading station drives the welding cabin of the second welding workbench to move, so that the welding cabin is positioned at the position where the second sliding rail intersects with the first sliding rail.
And S3, moving the welding workbench in the welding station to a corresponding loading and unloading station, and moving the welding workbench in the loading and unloading station in the step S2 to the welding station. In this embodiment, the first welding table is taken as a welding table in the welding stations, and the second welding table is taken as a welding table in the second loading and unloading stations as an example. The specific operation is as follows:
the driving device drives the first workbench to move, so that the first workbench is stopped at the position where the base of the first workbench abuts against the left limiting piece. At this time, the second welding station is located exactly in the welding station, and the first welding station is located exactly in the first loading and unloading station.
And S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the batch of welding is finished.
Example III
The welding table to be welded in the present embodiment refers to a welding table (first welding table or second welding table) on which a workpiece to be welded (i.e., an assembled gear assembly to be welded in the present embodiment) has been loaded with a workpiece holder and in which the welding chamber has been evacuated.
The welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled in the embodiment refers to a welding workbench which is not loaded with unwelded workpieces and needs to be loaded with the workpieces to be welded; or a welding station in a vacuum state where the work pieces in the welding station have been welded and are waiting for unloading.
The welding method of the electron beam gear continuous welding system based on the first embodiment comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing a welding workbench to be welded in a welding station, and placing the welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled in a corresponding assembling and disassembling station. In this embodiment, the second welding table is taken as a welding table to be welded, and the first welding table is taken as a welding table to be assembled and disassembled as an example. The specific operation is as follows:
the driving device drives the first workbench to move, so that the first workbench is stopped at the position where the base of the first workbench abuts against the left limiting piece. At this time, the second welding station is located exactly in the welding station, and the first welding station is located exactly in the first loading and unloading station.
Step S2, if a workpiece to be welded is loaded in a welding cabin in a second welding workbench in the welding station, generating an electron beam by a welding device to radially weld the workpiece to be welded in the welding station; unloading the workpiece to be unloaded from the welding cabin if the workpiece to be unloaded to be welded is loaded in the welding cabin of the first welding workbench in the first loading and unloading station; if there are more workpieces to be welded, the workpieces to be welded are loaded in the welding bay of the first welding station in the first loading and unloading station.
Case a) under initial conditions
The weld chamber of both weld stations in the welding system is empty and no work piece is loaded. And if the second welding workbench positioned at the welding station is not loaded with the workpiece to be welded, the welding device is not required to be started for welding. At this time, there is certainly a welded workpiece to be welded, and therefore, it is necessary to load the workpiece to be welded in the first welding table of the first loading and unloading station. At this time, the specific steps in the first loading and unloading station are:
step Sa-1, the welding cabin of the first welding workbench is in butt joint with the vacuumizing device of the first loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating a welding cabin of a first welding workbench in a first loading and unloading station with the outside atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-4, loading a workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a first welding workbench in a first loading and unloading station;
and step Sa-5, closing the cabin door of the welding cabin, and vacuumizing the welding cabin.
Case b) in the middle of the welding batch
One of the welding chambers of two welding tables in the welding system is loaded with a welded workpiece to be unloaded (the welding table to be unloaded), the other second table is loaded with an unwelded workpiece to be welded, and the welding chamber is vacuumized (the welding table to be welded). In this embodiment, the second welding table is taken as a welding table to be welded, and the first welding table is taken as a welding table to be assembled and disassembled.
At this time, the workpiece to be welded is loaded in the second welding table located at the welding station, and the welding chamber has been evacuated to a vacuum state. The operation in the welding station is: the electron beam welding device positioned at the top of the welding chamber is in butt joint with the welding cabin, and the electron beam gun head of the electron beam welding device is positioned in the vacuum welding cabin, the electron beam welding device is started, the electron beam gun head is used for welding a workpiece arranged on a workpiece table of the welding cabin by electron beams, and the clamp of the workpiece rotates while welding, so that the workpiece is welded in the axial direction after the clamp is finished. Meanwhile, the workpiece table of the welding cabin also revolves in the vertical surface, so that after one workpiece is welded, the other unwelded workpiece is aligned with the electron beam gun head along with the revolution of the workpiece table to carry out axial welding; in this way, when the work table is rotated a complete revolution, axial welding of all the work pieces mounted thereon can be completed.
At this time, the specific steps in the first loading and unloading station are:
step Sa-1, the welding cabin of the first loading and unloading workbench is in butt joint with the vacuumizing device of the first loading and unloading workbench;
step Sa-2, communicating a welding cabin of a first welding workbench in a first loading and unloading station with the outside atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-3, unloading the workpieces to be unloaded which are welded in the welding cabin of the first welding workbench in the first loading and unloading station from the welding cabin;
step Sa-4, loading a workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a first welding workbench in a first loading and unloading station;
and Se, closing a cabin door of the welding cabin, and vacuumizing the welding cabin.
Case b) during the end of the welding batch
One of the welding chambers of two welding tables in the welding system is loaded with a welded workpiece to be unloaded (the welding table to be unloaded), the other second table is loaded with an unwelded workpiece to be welded, and the welding chamber is vacuumized (the welding table to be welded). In this embodiment, the second welding table is taken as a welding table to be welded, and the first welding table is taken as a welding table to be assembled and disassembled.
At this time, the workpiece to be welded is loaded in the second welding table located at the welding station, and the welding chamber has been evacuated to a vacuum state. The operation in the welding station is: the electron beam welding device positioned at the top of the welding chamber is in butt joint with the welding cabin, and the electron beam gun head of the electron beam welding device is positioned in the vacuum welding cabin, the electron beam welding device is started, the electron beam gun head is used for welding a workpiece arranged on a workpiece table of the welding cabin by electron beams, and the clamp of the workpiece rotates while welding, so that the workpiece is welded in the axial direction after the clamp is finished. Meanwhile, the workpiece table of the welding cabin also revolves in the vertical plane, so that after one workpiece is welded, the other unwelded workpiece is aligned with the electron beam gun head along with the revolution of the workpiece table to perform axial welding; in this way, when the work table is rotated a complete revolution, axial welding of all the work pieces mounted thereon can be completed.
At this time, the specific steps in the first loading and unloading station are:
step Sa-1, the welding cabin of the first loading and unloading station is in butt joint with the vacuumizing device of the first loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating a welding cabin of a first welding workbench in a first loading and unloading station with the outside atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-3, unloading the workpieces to be unloaded which are welded in the welding cabin of the first welding workbench in the first loading and unloading station from the welding cabin;
step Sa-4, there is no unwelded workpiece to be welded, and the loading of the workpiece to be welded is no longer required in this step.
And S3, moving the welding workbench in the welding station to a corresponding loading and unloading station, and moving the welding workbench in the loading and unloading station in the step S2 to the welding station. In this embodiment, the second welding table is taken as a welding table in the welding stations, and the first welding table is taken as a welding table in the first loading and unloading work as an example. The specific operation is as follows:
the driving device drives the first workbench to move, so that the first workbench is stopped at the position where the base of the first workbench abuts against the right limiting piece. At this point, the first welding station is located exactly in the welding station and the second welding station is located exactly in the second loading and unloading station.
And S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 until the batch of welding is finished.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, various changes and modifications may be suggested to one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. An electron beam gear continuous welding method adopts an electron beam gear continuous welding system, which is characterized in that the electron beam gear continuous welding system comprises:
the welding cabin is provided with a workpiece table for loading the gear assembly;
the welding station is provided with an electron beam welding device;
the loading and unloading station is provided with a vacuumizing device for vacuumizing the welding cabin;
the two welding cabins are arranged vertically;
the driving system is used for driving the two welding cabins to be alternately positioned in the loading and unloading station and the welding station;
the first sliding rail is arranged in a horizontal plane along a first direction;
the first workbench is arranged on the first sliding rail in a sliding manner; a first welding workbench and a second welding workbench are arranged on the first workbench along the first direction;
one welding cabin is horizontally arranged on the first welding workbench, and the other welding cabin is vertically arranged on the second welding workbench; the welding station and the loading and unloading station are arranged along the first direction;
the driving device drives the first workbench to slide along the first sliding rail, so that one welding cabin is positioned at the loading and unloading station while the other welding cabin is positioned at the welding station;
the welding station comprises a welding cylinder, and the welding cylinder and the electron beam welding device are oppositely arranged along the vertical direction;
the first welding workbench comprises a vertical sliding rail which is vertically arranged, and the welding cabin is in sliding connection with the vertical sliding rail;
the welding cylinder can drive the welding cabin to move along the vertical sliding rail, so that the welding cabin is in butt joint with the electron beam welding device or the vacuumizing device;
the loading and unloading stations comprise a first loading and unloading station corresponding to the first welding workbench and a second loading and unloading station corresponding to the second welding workbench;
the second welding workbench comprises a second sliding rail arranged in a horizontal plane along a second direction, and the welding cabin is in sliding connection with the second sliding rail; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction in a horizontal plane;
the second loading and unloading station further comprises a loading and unloading air cylinder, and the loading and unloading air cylinder and the vacuumizing device are oppositely arranged along the second direction;
the loading and unloading cylinder can drive the welding cabin to move along the second sliding rail, so that the welding cabin is in butt joint with the electron beam welding device or the vacuumizing device;
the first loading and unloading station and the second loading and unloading station are respectively positioned at two sides of the welding station, so that when the first welding workbench is positioned at the welding station, the second welding workbench is just positioned in the second loading and unloading station; when the second welding workbench is positioned at the welding station, the first welding workbench is positioned in the first loading and unloading station;
the two ends of the first sliding rail are respectively provided with a limiting piece, and the first workbench is provided with a base which is in sliding connection with the first sliding rail;
when the base abuts against one of the limiting pieces, the first welding workbench is just located at the welding station;
when the base is abutted against the other limiting piece, the second welding workbench is just positioned at the welding station;
the workpiece table is provided with a plurality of workpiece clamps along the circumferential direction, and rotates along the circumferential direction;
the two welding cabins which are mutually perpendicular are arranged, so that electron beam welding of the gear components in different directions can be realized by adopting the same electron beam gear continuous welding system;
the electron beam gear continuous welding method comprises the following steps:
step S1, placing a welding workbench to be welded in a welding station, and placing the welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled in a corresponding assembling and disassembling station;
step S2, if a workpiece to be welded is loaded in a welding workbench positioned in the welding station, generating an electron beam by the welding device to weld the workpiece to be welded in the welding station; unloading the workpiece to be unloaded from the welding cabin if the workpiece to be unloaded which is welded is loaded in the welding cabin in the loading and unloading station; loading a workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a welding workbench in the loading and unloading station if the workpiece to be welded exists;
step S3, moving the welding workbench positioned in the welding station in the step S2 to a corresponding loading and unloading station, and moving the welding workbench positioned in the loading and unloading station in the step S2 to the welding station;
step S4, repeating the steps S2-S3;
in the step S2, the operations in the loading and unloading station include:
step Sa-1, the welding cabin is in butt joint with a vacuumizing device of the second loading and unloading station;
step Sa-2, communicating the welding cabin with the external atmosphere, and opening a cabin door of the welding cabin;
step Sa-3, if the welding cabin of the welding workbench in the loading and unloading station is loaded with the workpieces to be unloaded which are welded completely, unloading the workpieces to be unloaded from the welding cabin; otherwise, step Sa-4 is entered;
step Sa-4, if the workpiece to be welded still exists, loading the workpiece to be welded in a welding cabin of a welding workbench in the loading and unloading station, and entering step Sa-5;
step Sa-5, closing a cabin door of the welding cabin, and vacuumizing the welding cabin;
in the step S1, the first workbench is driven to move, so that the welding workbench to be assembled and disassembled is located in a corresponding assembling and disassembling station, and meanwhile, the welding workbench to be welded is located in the welding station;
in the step S3, the first workbench is driven to move, so that the welding workbench in the welding station is located in the corresponding loading and unloading station, and meanwhile, the welding workbench in the loading and unloading station moves into the welding station.
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| CN201711472284.4A CN108145301B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Electron beam gear continuous welding system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711472284.4A CN108145301B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Electron beam gear continuous welding system and method |
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| CN108145301B true CN108145301B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| CN108145301A (en) | 2018-06-12 |
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