CN108142379B - Feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites - Google Patents
Feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites Download PDFInfo
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- CN108142379B CN108142379B CN201711319666.3A CN201711319666A CN108142379B CN 108142379 B CN108142379 B CN 108142379B CN 201711319666 A CN201711319666 A CN 201711319666A CN 108142379 B CN108142379 B CN 108142379B
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- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000457 tarsus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and provides a feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites, which comprises a feeding chamber layer and a cover plate, wherein the feeding chamber layer is made of transparent materials, through round holes or round holes with bottoms with diameters of 15-18mm are formed in the feeding chamber layer, and the cover plate and the feeding chamber layer are stacked and fixed by clamps. The invention also provides a method for identifying and observing the edible and phytophagous tiny mites. The feeder provided by the invention is simple and convenient to manufacture, easy to observe, capable of effectively preventing mites from escaping, and relatively uniform in feeding environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a device for identifying and observing feeding habits of tiny mites.
Background
Some microminiature mites have complicated feeding habits, namely, the mites can eat plants and fungi, and in order to observe and clarify the feeding habits of the mites, special devices need to be developed, so that the unique biological habits of the mites can be conveniently observed. Some species of Tarsonemus tarsi, for example, have become important pest mites for agricultural production, but are not readily observable due to their small size, crawling, darkness, feeding complexity. At present, necessary observation equipment and means are lacked, so that the study on the biological habits of the mites is less, and certain difficulty is brought to solving the harm of the mites in agricultural production.
The mite feeding method commonly used in the test is basically open feeding with the leaves in vitro, and a large amount of mites often escape; it is very difficult to verify whether the bacteria only depend on the survival of the edible fungi. The invention better solves the problems, successfully completes the feeding and observation test of the Tarsonemus tarsi, and also provides a necessary means for biological observation of some tiny mites.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the field, the invention aims to provide a feeder for identifying and observing edible fungi and phytophagous tiny mites.
Another purpose of the invention is to provide a method for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites comprises a feeding chamber layer and a cover plate, wherein the feeding chamber layer is made of transparent materials, a bottomed round hole or a through round hole with the diameter of 15-18mm is formed in the feeding chamber layer, and the cover plate and the feeding chamber layer are stacked and fixed through a clamp.
The breeding device comprises a bacteria culture chamber layer, an isolation sieve, a breeding chamber layer and a cover plate, wherein bottom round holes with the diameter of 15-18mm are formed in the bacteria culture chamber layer, the isolation sieve is formed by adhering a gauze on a perforated plate (gauze is on the upper portion), and through round holes with the diameter of 15-18mm are formed in the breeding chamber layer; the bacteria culture chamber layer, the isolation sieve, the feeding chamber layer and the cover plate are stacked in sequence, central axes of the two round holes of the feeding chamber layer and the bacteria culture chamber layer are kept coincident, and the two round holes are fixed through a clamp.
The fungus culture room layer, the isolation sieve, the breeding room layer and the cover plate are overlapped together from bottom to top, the edges are aligned, namely, the round holes of the breeding room are aligned with the round holes with the bottoms of the culture room, and the four parts are fixed together by the clamps to form the fungus feeding device. The materials used in the method are not limited to organic glass and glass, and other materials which are easy to punch holes, transparent and easy to observe can be used.
Preferably, the breeding chamber layer is made of organic glass, and the length, the width and the height of the breeding chamber layer are (70-80) x (20-30) x (4-6) mm; the cover plate is a transparent glass plate, and the length, the width and the height of the cover plate are (70-80) x (20-30) x 1 mm.
The isolation screen is formed by sticking a layer of gauze on a hollowed-out plastic plate, and the meshes of the gauze are determined according to the size of mites, so that the mites can not pass through the gauze in various insect states. The plastic slab of fretwork plays the effect that supports to the gauze, prevents that the gauze from sinking in the use, avoids the gauze to contact the culture medium, guarantees that the mite can only use the fungi hypha that passes the gauze as food on raising the room layer, and the while provides the required air of existence for the mite through the airtight small clearance that forms of gauze and both ends material. The hollow area of the plastic plate is smaller than the diameter of the culture chamber and the feeding chamber.
Specifically, the perforated plate is made of a plastic plate, 3-4 holes are formed in the perforated plate, and the area of each hole is 20-30mm2The length, width and height of the perforated plate are (20-30) x (0.2-1) mm, and the center of the perforated area on the perforated plate coincides with the central axis of the through round hole on the feeding chamber layer.
Wherein, the bacteria culture chamber layer is made of organic glass, and the length, the width and the height of the bacteria culture chamber layer are (70-80) x (20-30) x (4-6) mm. The thickness of the bottom of the round hole with a bottom on the bacteria culture chamber is 0.5-1 mm.
A method for identifying and observing edible and phytophagous tiny mites comprises the following steps: a plant-feeding feeder or a fungal-feeding feeder is used.
The plant-feeding feeder comprises a feeding chamber layer and a cover plate, wherein a round hole with a bottom is formed in the feeding chamber layer; the edible fungus feeder comprises a fungus culture room layer, an isolation sieve, a feeding room layer and a cover plate, wherein the feeding room layer is provided with through round holes.
When the plant-feeding feeder is used, plant leaves are cut into circular slices with the diameter of 10-15mm, the circular slices are placed at the bottom of the circular holes of the feeding chamber layer, at least 1 pair of micro mite male and female adults are placed in the circular holes of the feeding chamber layer with the bottom, a cover plate is covered, and the survival and propagation conditions of mites are observed.
The fungus feeding feeder is used, fungus culture media are placed in the round holes of the fungus culture room layer, fungi are inoculated, the fungus culture room layer, the isolation sieve, the bottomless culture room layer and the cover plate are fixed through the clamps, when fungus hyphae pass through the gauze, at least 1 pair of female and male micro mite imagoes are placed in the round holes of the culture room layer, the cover plate is covered, and the survival and the propagation conditions of the mites are fed and observed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the feeder provided by the invention is simple and convenient to manufacture, easy to observe, capable of effectively preventing mites from escaping, and relatively uniform in feeding environment.
The feeder for feeding the tiny organisms such as tarsonse mites and the observation experiment thereof have the following advantages that:
the plant-feeding feeder is easy to operate and convenient to store. The feeder is transparent, and the size of the feeder chamber is just under the visual field of the dissecting mirror, which is extremely convenient for experimental observation. The feeding chamber is basically closed, but tiny gaps are generated at the joint parts made of different materials due to different expansion coefficients of the materials, so that air can be provided for the fed objects, the mites can be effectively prevented from escaping and missing, the environments of the mites are relatively uniform, and the accuracy of experimental data is greatly improved.
The fungus feeding device has the advantages of easiness in observation, prevention of escape and the like of the plant feeding device, ensures that no other substance can be used as food except fungal hyphae in a feeding chamber, and is convenient for identifying whether the fed mites have fungus feeding property. The gauze joint part can provide living air for the micro organisms in the edible fungi feeder to ensure the survival of the micro organisms.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a plant-feeding feeder,
FIG. 2: a photograph of the top view of the fungus feeding device.
FIG. 3 is a side view photograph of the fungus feeding device
FIG. 4 is a photograph of a layer of a bottomless rearing room
Fig. 5 is a photograph of an isolation screen, wherein the left image is a photograph of the front side with the screen on top and the right image is a photograph of the back side.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a mushroom feeder.
In the figure, 1 is a cover plate, 2 is a breeding room layer, 3 is an isolation sieve, and 4 is a bacteria culture room layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The means used in the examples are, unless otherwise specified, those conventional in the art.
Example 1 preparation and application of a fungal feeding device
A slide glass of 76mm in length by width by thickness by 25mm by 1mm was taken as a cover slip.
A glass sheet with a length, a width and a thickness of 76mm, 25mm and 5mm is taken, and a circular hole with a diameter of 16mm is drilled at the center of the glass sheet by a drilling machine to form a bottomless rearing room layer (the picture is shown in figure 4).
The 450-mesh gauze and the 0.5mm thick pad writing board are cut into a size of 25mm multiplied by 25mm, a hole with the diameter of 4 holes with the diameter of 6mm is punched in the center of the pad writing board by a punching machine to be hollow, and the two are aligned and overlapped, and the edges of the two are adhered by glue to form the isolating screen layer (see figure 5).
Cutting 5mm thick organic glass into pieces with length × width × thickness of 76mm × 25mm × 5mm, drilling a circular hole with bottom with diameter of 16mm and depth of 4mm at the center of the organic glass piece by a drilling machine, and making the circular hole as culture chamber layer 4.
The combined structure of the bacteria culture chamber layer 4 (the bacteria culture chamber is at the bottom), the isolation sieve 3, the breeding chamber layer 2 and the cover sheet 1 is shown in figure 6, and the combined photos are shown in figure 2 and figure 3.
The application method comprises the following steps:
putting 0.1ml of PDA culture medium into the holes of the culture chamber layer, inoculating apple moldy core pathogenic fungi on the culture medium, aligning with the isolation sieve layer, the feeding chamber layer and the cover plate in sequence, clamping and fixing by using a long tail clamp, inoculating 1 pair of male and female tarsonchus mites into the feeding chamber when fungal hyphae pass through the gauze of the isolation sieve, and feeding and observing. To prevent the parts from easily dislocating when the clamp is loosened for observation or other operations, the edges of the parts can be simply glued in advance. The female adult mites bred by the method survive for 20 days, and lay eggs for 72 in total. The tarsonchus tarsongaris is proved to have the property of eating fungi, and the growth and the propagation of the tarsonchus tarsongaris can be met by taking the hypha of the eating fungi alone. The method ensures that no other substance except fungal hyphae can be used as food in the feeding room, and is convenient for identifying whether the fed mites have the edible fungi; the feeder is transparent, and the size of the feeder chamber is just under the visual field of the dissecting mirror, which is extremely convenient for experimental observation.
Example 2 preparation and use of a vegetarian feeding Room
A slide glass of 76mm in length by width by thickness by 25mm by 1mm was taken as a cover slip.
Cutting 5mm thick organic glass into pieces with length × width × thickness of 76mm × 25mm × 5mm, drilling a circular hole with bottom with diameter of 16mm and depth of 4mm at the center of the organic glass piece with a drilling machine to serve as a feeding chamber layer with bottom. A photograph of the housing layer and cover combination is shown in FIG. 1.
The application method comprises the following steps:
cutting apple leaves into disks with diameter of 12mm by a puncher, placing into holes of a feeding chamber with a bottom, picking in 5 pairs of Tarsonemus tarsus hermaphrodite adult mites, covering with a cover plate, and clamping. Further, 5 pairs of Tarsonemus tarsi hermaphrodites were bred using a conventional water pan method. After 24h observation, the results showed that 5 pairs of Tarsonemus tarsi in the phytophagous feeder remained in the feeder, whereas 1 female adult mite escaped from the leaves of the 5 pairs of Tarsonemus tarsi in the conventional water tray feeder. It can be seen that the phytophagous feeder of the present invention can be used, and effectively prevents Tarsonemus tarsi from escaping, as compared with conventional methods.
The above examples are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites is characterized by comprising a fungus culture room layer, an isolation sieve, a feeding room layer and a cover plate, wherein the feeding room layer is made of transparent materials, and through round holes with the diameter of 15-18mm are formed in the feeding room layer; the bacteria culture chamber layer is provided with a circular hole with a bottom and a diameter of 15-18mm, and the isolation sieve is made by sticking a gauze on the perforated plate; the fungus culture room layer, the isolation sieve, the breeding room layer and the cover plate are stacked from bottom to top in sequence, central axes of the two round holes of the breeding room layer and the fungus culture room layer are overlapped, and the two round holes are fixed through a clamp.
2. The feeder of claim 1, wherein the feeder chamber layer is made of plexiglass and has a length x width x height of (70-80) × (20-30) × (4-6) mm; the cover plate is a transparent glass plate, and the length, the width and the height of the cover plate are (70-80) x (20-30) x 1 mm.
3. The feeder of claim 1, wherein the perforated plate is made of a plastic plate, and has 3 to 4 holes with an area of 20 to 30mm2The length, width and height of the perforated plate are (20-30) x (0.2-1) mm, and the center of the perforated area on the perforated plate coincides with the central axis of the through round hole on the feeding chamber layer.
4. The feeder of claim 1, wherein the chamber layer is made of plexiglass and has a length x width x height of (70-80) × (20-30) × (4-6) mm; the thickness of the bottom of the circular hole with the bottom on the bacteria culture chamber layer is 0.5-1 mm.
5. A method for identifying and observing edible and phytophagous mites characterized by using the feeder according to claim 1;
the feeder of claim 1 is used in a manner that: putting into the culture medium in the round hole on fungus culture room layer, inoculating the fungus, fixed with the clip fungus culture room layer, isolation sieve, no end raise room layer and cover plate, when waiting that the fungus hypha passes the gauze, put into the little mite sex adult at least 1 to in the round hole on no end raise room layer, cover the cover plate, raise the living reproduction condition of observing the mite.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the feeder of claim 1 is used in a manner that: cleaning plant leaves, cutting into disks with the diameter of 10-15mm, placing the disks at the bottom of the round holes of the breeding room layer, placing at least 1 pair of female and male micro mite adults in the round holes of the breeding room layer, covering a cover plate, and breeding and observing the survival and propagation conditions of the mites.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711319666.3A CN108142379B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711319666.3A CN108142379B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108142379A CN108142379A (en) | 2018-06-12 |
| CN108142379B true CN108142379B (en) | 2020-03-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711319666.3A Active CN108142379B (en) | 2017-12-12 | 2017-12-12 | Feeder for identifying and observing edible fungus and phytophagous tiny mites |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| BE1026685B1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2020-05-07 | Biobest Group N V | Mite composition and method for growing mites |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2852937B1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2006-01-20 | Biotop | PACKAGING FOR AUXILIARY INSECTS AND / OR MIXTURES, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME AND USE THEREOF IN BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PESTS OF PLANTS |
| CN203027934U (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-07-03 | 江苏国际旅行卫生保健中心 | Mite feeding experimenting observing device |
| CN203262061U (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-11-06 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Small raising room for experiments related to mites |
| CN203262060U (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-11-06 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Small raising room for biology experiments related to juice sucking pests |
| CN103947608B (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江大学 | A kind of culture apparatus eating Mycophyta nematode |
| CN203860262U (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-10-08 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Simple aphid feeding device |
| CN204377730U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-06-10 | 陈绩源 | A kind of drosophila larvae collects raising device |
| CN206219580U (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-06 | 贵州大学 | The raising ware of bacterium feeding habits mite |
| CN206776536U (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-12-22 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of tyrophagus putrescentiae breeding apparatus |
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