CN108142047B - Inclined telescopic precision seed sowing device - Google Patents

Inclined telescopic precision seed sowing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108142047B
CN108142047B CN201810087271.3A CN201810087271A CN108142047B CN 108142047 B CN108142047 B CN 108142047B CN 201810087271 A CN201810087271 A CN 201810087271A CN 108142047 B CN108142047 B CN 108142047B
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seed
metering device
shell
seeds
telescopic
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CN108142047A (en
Inventor
刘彩玲
都鑫
张福印
魏丹
郑升祥
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an inclined telescopic precise seed sowing device. The whole structure comprises: the seed feeding tube, the lower sleeve, the shell, the eccentric wheel, the upper sleeve, the seed charging box, the spring, the connecting rod and the like. According to the invention, the telescopic mechanism is utilized to continuously rotate, when the shaped holes rotate along with the telescopic mechanism to reach the seed charging area, seeds enter the shaped holes under the pushing of lateral force among seeds, positive pressure among seeds and self gravity, and the seeds in the shaped holes reach the seed discharging area under the protection of the shell and fall down along the seed feeding pipe. When the seeds are cleaned, under the action of a seed cleaning brush, redundant seeds are cleaned to realize single seed filling; the protection of the seed is realized by the protection of the holes and the grooves during seed protection; gravity and centrifugal force are used during seed feeding. The size and shape design of the holes can be suitable for seed sowing operation of various seeds, and the seed sowing device has the characteristics of good precision sowing effect, small damage, simple structure, convenience in use, stability, high efficiency, strong adaptability, low seed falling height, high seed distribution uniformity and the like.

Description

Inclined telescopic precision seed sowing device
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inclined telescopic precision seed sowing device, which is a precision seeding device for agricultural machinery and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
The single-seed sowing, as the name implies, refers to a sowing technology for realizing full, even and strong seedlings by realizing accurate one-hole one-seed and ensuring consistent spacing and sowing depth. The seeds can be saved by single seed sowing, thinning is avoided, and the production cost is reduced; compared with common sowing, the seeds are precisely controlled in all links of sowing depth, sowing quantity, sowing distance and the like, so that competition among crops such as water fertilizer, sunlight and air is reduced, strong field seedlings are ensured, and crop yield is improved. The technology can lighten the labor intensity of farmers, greatly improve the working efficiency and improve the sowing quality. Meanwhile, the method is beneficial to subsequent mechanized field management and harvesting operation, promotes the mechanized development of the whole production process, and achieves the purpose of increasing income of farmers. Therefore, the requirements of modern agriculture on precision seeding are more and more urgent. In particular, in recent years, the technology such as breeding, seed processing, agronomic cultivation and the like is continuously developed and perfected, the germination rate and the seedling protection rate of seeds are greatly improved, the precision seeding technology is ensured more reliably, and therefore, higher requirements are put on precision seeding. From the current research, the method is applied to single seed sowing of inter-cultivated crops such as corn, soybean, cotton and the like, and is increasingly researched and applied to crops such as rice, peanut, wheat, vegetables and the like. Single seed sowing has become a main feature of modern sowing technology and a main development direction of sowing technology.
In the precision seeding high-yield cultivation technology, precision seeding is one of key technologies for realizing precision seeding, and a precision seeding device is a core component of a precision seeder. At present, precise seed metering devices in China are mainly divided into two main types: mechanical and pneumatic. The most widely used mechanical seed metering devices are of the cellular wheel type, the spoon type, the finger clip type and the like; the hole wheel type precise seed metering device has high seed damaging rate, the spoon type seed metering device is easy to miss in the field actual operation, and the working parts of the finger clip type seed metering device are easy to damage, so the production cost is high. The pneumatic seed sowing device comprises an air suction type seed sowing device, an air pressure type seed sowing device, an air blowing type seed sowing device and the like. However, a common problem of pneumatic seed metering devices is high cost, large volume, easy damage, unstable operation and the like. In order to solve the problems, the research design can improve the single seed filling rate of seeds, reduce the breaking rate, has simple structure, stable performance, reliable work and strong adaptability, is a problem to be solved by single seed precision seeding at present, and has important practical significance for improving economic benefit, reducing production cost and accelerating the development of planting production mechanization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the inclined telescopic precision seed metering device which has high single seed rate, small seed damage, convenient use, low cost and strong adaptability and can stably and efficiently finish single precision seed sowing in the seed sowing process in consideration of the current new agronomic requirements.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
an oblique telescopic precision seed metering device, comprising: the shell 4, the bottom cover 13, the telescopic mechanism, the seed charging area 15 and the seed discharging area 20;
A bottom cover 13 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 4, a seed charging area 15 and a seed discharging area 20 are arranged on the shell 4, and a seed charging box 8 and a seed feeding pipe 1 are correspondingly welded in the respective areas; the casing 4 is hollow cylinder, and casing 4 inside is equipped with telescopic machanism, telescopic machanism includes: the upper sleeve 6, the lower sleeve 3, a guide rail 18, a connecting rod 12, an eccentric wheel 5 and a spring 9, wherein the guide rail 18 is arranged above the inner side wall of the shell 4 and is respectively matched with the rails on the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 3; one end of the spring 9 is contacted with the bottom of the lower sleeve 3, the other end of the spring 9 is fixedly connected with the bottom cover 13, the upper sleeve 6 is arranged above the lower sleeve 3 and is assembled with the lower sleeve 3 in a matched manner, the upper end of the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve are in coordinated movement, the upper end of the connecting rod 12 is connected with the lower end of the eccentric wheel 5, the middle part of the eccentric wheel 5 is welded with the eccentric wheel shaft 7, and the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is driven by an external mechanism; the seed metering device is placed obliquely.
On the basis of the scheme, the top of the shell 4 is provided with the seed metering device-rack connecting seat 2, and the whole seed metering device is fixed by hinging the seed metering device-rack connecting seat 2 with the rack.
On the basis of the above scheme, the positions of the seed charging area 15 and the seed discharging area 20 on the shell 4 are angularly separated by 120 degrees.
On the basis of the scheme, 6 double-sided teeth are arranged on the lower portion of the upper sleeve 6, 6 high-low teeth are arranged on the upper portion of the lower sleeve 3, the high-low teeth comprise long teeth 21 and short teeth 22, and the double-sided teeth and the high-low teeth are meshed with each other, so that the lower sleeve 3 rotates and moves upwards.
On the basis of the scheme, 12 holes 16 are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the lower end cylindrical part of the lower sleeve 3, so that the seed metering device can be used for normal continuous seed filling and seed metering.
Based on the above scheme, the radius of the shaped hole 16 meets 2/3 of the diameter of the seed, so that the shaped hole 16 can only be filled with one seed.
On the basis of the scheme, the inner side of the shell 4 is provided with the groove 17, and seed protection is completed under the combined action of the shaped hole 16 and the groove 17.
On the basis of the scheme, the upper sleeve 6 is connected with the connecting rod 12 through the pin shaft 10 and the cotter pin 11, the eccentric wheel 5 is provided with the eccentric shaft 14, and the eccentric shaft 14 is connected with the connecting rod 12 through the pin.
On the basis of the scheme, the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel 5 and the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is half of the telescopic stroke of the telescopic mechanism.
On the basis of the scheme, a seed cleaning brush 19 is arranged in the shell 4 and close to the seed filling area 15 and is used for cleaning redundant seeds to realize single-seed filling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the seed filling box 8 reduces the pressure between seeds by a lateral seed filling mode, so that the seed damage rate is reduced; under the cooperation of the hole 16, the seed cleaning brush 19 and the groove 17 on the shell 4, the excessive seeds are cleaned to realize single seed filling and seed protection; the seed metering device is placed obliquely, so that the gravity seed filling and seed metering can be simultaneously ensured; the hole 16 is arranged at the outer side of the lower sleeve 3 and is used for seed sowing by utilizing the centrifugal force of self rotation; the hole 16 is lifted upwards while rotating in the motion state between the seed filling areas 15, and the seed filling rate is improved similarly to the scooping of seeds with a spoon; in order to improve the seed filling rate and the seed discharging rate, the whole seed metering device is obliquely placed, and the gravity is used for seed filling and seed discharging, so that the seed filling rate and the seed discharging rate are improved, the seed falling height is reduced, the jumping of the seeds in the field during the falling of the seeds is reduced, and the uniformity of the distribution of the seeds in the field is improved. The inclined telescopic precise seed metering device effectively provides a device for realizing rotary motion and ascending motion simultaneously during seed filling, and can effectively improve the seed filling rate; the unique matching design of the holes 16 and the grooves 17 perfectly realizes seed cleaning and seed protection.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tilt-telescope precision seed metering device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an oblique telescopic precision seed metering device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a C-C cross-sectional view of an oblique telescopic precision seed metering device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the upper sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the lower sleeve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the housing structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the eccentric structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. 12 connecting rod of seed feeding pipe
2. Seeding apparatus-rack connecting seat 13 bottom cover
3. Lower sleeve 14 eccentric shaft
4. Seed charging area of shell 15
5. Eccentric wheel 16 type hole
6. Upper cover 17 groove
7. Eccentric axle 18 guide rail
8. Seed cleaning brush for seed charging box 19
9. Spring 20 seed metering zone
10. Pin 21 long tooth
11. Cotter pin 22 short teeth
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-7, an oblique telescopic precision seed metering device comprises: the shell 4, the bottom cover 13, the telescopic mechanism, the seed charging area 15 and the seed discharging area 20; a bottom cover 13 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 4, a seed charging area 15 and a seed discharging area 20 are arranged on the shell 4, and a seed charging box 8 and a seed feeding pipe 1 are correspondingly welded in the respective areas; the casing 4 is hollow cylinder, and casing 4 inside is equipped with telescopic machanism, telescopic machanism includes: the upper sleeve 6, the lower sleeve 3, a guide rail 18, a connecting rod 12, an eccentric wheel 5 and a spring 9, wherein the guide rail 18 is arranged above the inner side wall of the shell 4 and is respectively matched with the rails on the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 3; the top of the shell 4 is provided with a seed metering device-rack connecting seat 2, and the whole seed metering device is fixed by hinging the seed metering device-rack connecting seat 2 with a rack; the upper end of the upper sleeve 6 is provided with a connecting hole of a connecting rod 12, and the upper sleeve 6 and the connecting rod 12 are connected by a pin shaft 10 and a cotter pin 11; the upper end of the connecting rod 12 is provided with a hole connected with the eccentric wheel 5, and an eccentric shaft 14 on the eccentric wheel 5 is connected with the connecting rod 12 through a pin; an eccentric wheel shaft 7 is welded in the middle of the eccentric wheel 5, and the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is driven by an external mechanism; the eccentric wheel 5 is welded with the eccentric wheel shaft 7, the eccentric distance of the eccentric wheel is half of the telescopic travel of the telescopic mechanism, and the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is driven by an external mechanism to provide power for the seed sowing device. One end of the spring 9 is contacted with the bottom of the lower sleeve 3, and the other end of the spring 9 is fixedly connected with the bottom cover 13.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the upper sleeve 6 of the present invention has 6 double-sided teeth at the lower portion thereof, and the lower sleeve 3 has 6 high and low teeth at the upper portion thereof, and the double-sided teeth and the high and low teeth are engaged with each other, thereby causing the lower sleeve 3 to rotate and move upward.
As shown in fig. 6, the seed charging area 15 and the seed discharging area 20 on the shell 4 are positioned at an angle interval of 120 degrees, the inner side of the shell 4 is provided with a groove 17, and the part, close to the seed charging area 15, inside the shell 4 is provided with a seed cleaning brush 19 for cleaning redundant seeds. The grooves 17 are matched, so that seeds are prevented from being damaged. The seed metering device is placed obliquely, so that the gravity and the pressure between seeds can be used for filling seeds; the cylindrical surface of the lower end cylindrical part of the lower sleeve 3 is uniformly provided with 12 holes 16, and seed metering is performed by utilizing the centrifugal force and gravity of self rotation, so that the seed metering device can be used for normal continuous seed filling and seed metering. The radius of the shaped aperture 16 is such that it is 2/3 of the diameter of the seed so that the shaped aperture 16 can be filled with only one seed. The shaped holes 16 are lifted up while rotating in a moving state between the seed charging areas 15, and the seed charging rate is improved similarly to scooping up seeds with a scoop. Seed protection is completed under the combined action of the shaped hole 16 and the groove 17.
The shell 4 is a hollow cylinder, the eccentric wheel 5, the upper sleeve 6, the lower sleeve 3, the guide rail 18, the connecting rod 12 and the spring 9 form a continuous telescopic mechanism, the principle of the continuous telescopic mechanism is the same as that of a telescopic ball pen, when the upper sleeve 6 moves downwards, the lower sleeve 3 is pushed, when the lower sleeve 3 leaves the guide rail 18 of the shell 4, the lower sleeve 3 moves to the lowest point, then the lower sleeve 3 rotates leftwards by a long tooth pitch under the action of high and low teeth, and is lifted upwards by a certain distance under the action of the elasticity of the spring 9 until the short teeth 22 are contacted with the guide rail 18, and the movement is stopped; after that, the upper sleeve 6 is driven by the eccentric wheel 5 to rise to the highest point and falls down again to push the lower sleeve 3 to move downwards, when the lower sleeve 3 leaves the guide rail 18 of the shell 4, the lower sleeve 3 moves to the lowest point, then the lower sleeve 3 rotates left by a short tooth distance under the action of high and low teeth, and the lower sleeve 3 enters the guide rail 18 again and is lifted upwards to the highest point under the action of the elasticity of the spring 9; during which the seed filling and the seed discharging are completed. And (5) when the lower sleeve 3 moves downwards again under the pushing of the upper sleeve 6, repeating the steps, and finishing the seed filling of the next seed and the seed sowing of the last seed.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. Inclined telescopic precision seed sowing device is characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the seed sowing device comprises a shell (4), a bottom cover (13), a telescopic mechanism, a seed charging area (15) and a seed sowing area (20);
a bottom cover (13) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (4), a seed charging area (15) and a seed discharging area (20) are arranged on the shell (4), and a seed charging box (8) and a seed feeding pipe (1) are correspondingly welded in the respective areas; the casing (4) is hollow cylinder, and casing (4) inside is equipped with telescopic machanism, telescopic machanism includes: the upper sleeve (6), the lower sleeve (3), the guide rail (18), the connecting rod (12), the eccentric wheel (5) and the spring (9), wherein the guide rail (18) is arranged above the inner side wall of the shell (4) and is respectively matched with the rails on the upper sleeve (6) and the lower sleeve (3); one end of the spring (9) is contacted with the bottom of the lower sleeve (3), the other end of the spring (9) is fixedly connected with the bottom cover (13), the upper sleeve (6) is arranged above the lower sleeve (3) and is assembled in a matched mode with the lower sleeve (3), the upper end of the upper sleeve (6) is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod (12), the upper end of the connecting rod (12) is connected with the eccentric wheel (5), the middle of the eccentric wheel (5) is welded with the eccentric wheel shaft (7), and the eccentric wheel shaft (7) is driven by an external mechanism; the seed metering device is placed obliquely;
the positions of the seed charging area (15) and the seed discharging area (20) on the shell (4) are angularly spaced by 120 degrees;
The lower part of the upper sleeve (6) is provided with 6 double-sided teeth, the upper part of the lower sleeve (3) is provided with 6 high-low teeth, the high-low teeth comprise long teeth (21) and short teeth (22), and the double-sided teeth and the high-low teeth are meshed with each other, so that the lower sleeve (3) rotates and moves upwards;
12 holes (16) are uniformly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the lower end cylindrical part of the lower sleeve (3) so as to ensure that the seed metering device can normally and continuously charge and discharge seeds.
2. The oblique telescopic precision seed metering device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the top of the shell (4) is provided with a seed metering device-rack connecting seat (2), and the whole seed metering device is fixed by hinging the seed metering device-rack connecting seat (2) with the rack.
3. The oblique telescopic precision seed metering device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the radius of the shaped hole (16) is 2/3 of the diameter of the seed, so that the shaped hole (16) can only be filled with one seed.
4. The oblique telescopic precision seed metering device as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the inner side of the shell (4) is provided with a groove (17), and seed protection is completed under the combined action of the shaped hole (16) and the groove (17).
5. The oblique telescopic precision seed metering device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the upper sleeve (6) is connected with the connecting rod (12) through a pin shaft (10) and a cotter pin (11), an eccentric shaft (14) is arranged on the eccentric wheel (5), and the eccentric shaft (14) is connected with the connecting rod (12) through a pin.
6. The oblique telescopic precision seed metering device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel (5) and the eccentric wheel shaft (7) is half of the telescopic travel of the telescopic mechanism.
7. The oblique telescopic precision seed metering device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the shell (4) is internally provided with a seed cleaning brush (19) near the seed filling area (15) for cleaning redundant seeds to realize single seed filling.
CN201810087271.3A 2018-01-30 2018-01-30 Inclined telescopic precision seed sowing device Active CN108142047B (en)

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CN108142047B true CN108142047B (en) 2024-04-26

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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES286661U (en) * 1985-05-10 1986-01-01 Jimenez Ramirez Miguel Perfected potato seeder (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN202873320U (en) * 2012-11-15 2013-04-17 梁生明 Automatic transplanter for potted seeding in dry land
CN104114017A (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-10-22 Ksf株式会社 Garlic planter
CN204707782U (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-10-21 刘防修 A kind of upper bait pen fast
CN205454526U (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-08-17 湖北省烟草科学研究院 Naked kind of dibble seeding pen of tobacco
CN105874990A (en) * 2014-11-15 2016-08-24 李文元 Cam flexible-shaft set group-controlled feeding integrated device and manipulator group type rice transplanter
CN106171831A (en) * 2016-07-09 2016-12-07 韩家军 Mechanization of agriculture water-saving spray irrigation system
CN106304918A (en) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-11 山东天盛机械科技股份有限公司 Traction type full-automatic sugarcane planting machine
KR20170025577A (en) * 2015-08-29 2017-03-08 윤영빈 Multi-function mobile seedling implant device
CN206314194U (en) * 2016-11-26 2017-07-11 浙江农林大学 A kind of coaxial double-rod ejection type eccentric gear non-conical bevel gear planetary system wide-and narrow-row rice seedling throwing mechanism
CN207897370U (en) * 2018-01-30 2018-09-25 中国农业大学 Tilting telescopic precision seeder

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES286661U (en) * 1985-05-10 1986-01-01 Jimenez Ramirez Miguel Perfected potato seeder (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN104114017A (en) * 2012-07-27 2014-10-22 Ksf株式会社 Garlic planter
CN202873320U (en) * 2012-11-15 2013-04-17 梁生明 Automatic transplanter for potted seeding in dry land
CN105874990A (en) * 2014-11-15 2016-08-24 李文元 Cam flexible-shaft set group-controlled feeding integrated device and manipulator group type rice transplanter
CN204707782U (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-10-21 刘防修 A kind of upper bait pen fast
KR20170025577A (en) * 2015-08-29 2017-03-08 윤영빈 Multi-function mobile seedling implant device
CN205454526U (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-08-17 湖北省烟草科学研究院 Naked kind of dibble seeding pen of tobacco
CN106171831A (en) * 2016-07-09 2016-12-07 韩家军 Mechanization of agriculture water-saving spray irrigation system
CN106304918A (en) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-11 山东天盛机械科技股份有限公司 Traction type full-automatic sugarcane planting machine
CN206314194U (en) * 2016-11-26 2017-07-11 浙江农林大学 A kind of coaxial double-rod ejection type eccentric gear non-conical bevel gear planetary system wide-and narrow-row rice seedling throwing mechanism
CN207897370U (en) * 2018-01-30 2018-09-25 中国农业大学 Tilting telescopic precision seeder

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