CN108141033B - 用于在“h桥”型装置中限制电流的方法 - Google Patents

用于在“h桥”型装置中限制电流的方法 Download PDF

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CN108141033B
CN108141033B CN201680058278.1A CN201680058278A CN108141033B CN 108141033 B CN108141033 B CN 108141033B CN 201680058278 A CN201680058278 A CN 201680058278A CN 108141033 B CN108141033 B CN 108141033B
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CN108141033A (zh
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T.巴沃瓦
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Vitesco Technologies GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/047Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a temperature responsive switch
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • H02H7/0838Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements with H-bridge circuit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/122Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters
    • H02H7/1225Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for inverters, i.e. dc/ac converters responsive to internal faults, e.g. shoot-through
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/327Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明是针对一种用于在包括多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的方法,其特征在于其包括以下步骤:•检测所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的晶体管(T)上的故障;•关断在其上检测到故障的所述晶体管(T);•在与所述晶体管(T)相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及•关断所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的其它晶体管。本发明还涉及一种用于在包括多个晶体管的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的系统。

Description

用于在“H桥”型装置中限制电流的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电子设备的领域。
本发明在用于汽车的电子设备的领域中——并且尤其是在“H桥”型装置和功率驱动器(pilote de puissance)的领域中——具有特别有利的应用。
背景技术
在“H桥”型电路中,对于每个功率晶体管都针对用英语称为“过电流(overcurrent)”的具有过高强度的电流实施保护。
当晶体管检测到用英语称为“过应力(over stress)”的强应力的现象时,所有晶体管被同时切断。
图2图示了一种根据现有技术的系统。在图2上观察到,在检测到称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流的情况下,所有晶体管被同时切断。
在电感性负载的情况下,这牵涉到由飞轮二极管向大地以及向正电源放电的阶段。
飞轮二极管中的电感性放电阶段造成到电子电路中的衬底注入并且迫使实施昂贵的半导体工艺来对其进行抵抗。
飞轮二极管中的电感性放电阶段还在“高压侧”这一侧(也就是说连接到电源电压的一侧)造成电源电压的升高。这迫使增加解耦电容并因此增加成本。
发明内容
本发明旨在通过提出一种使得能够在检测到称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流或者检测到英语中的“热关机”型现象(也就是说由于温度过高的原因所致的切断)的情况下消除或无论如何使得极大地减小飞轮二极管注入的方法来弥补现有技术的缺陷。
为此,本发明在其最广义的意义上涉及一种用于在包括多个晶体管的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的方法,其特征在于,其包括以下步骤:
• 检测所述多个晶体管中的晶体管上的故障;
• 关断在其上检测到故障的所述晶体管;
• 在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及
• 关断所述多个晶体管中的其它晶体管。
因此,根据本发明的方法使得能够在检测到称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流或称为“热关机”的热现象的情况下消除或极大地减小飞轮二极管注入。
根据本发明的方法使得能够实施对衬底注入具有低免疫性的半导体工艺。
根据本发明的方法还使得能够减少电源电压的称作“过冲”的现象并因此降低解耦电容。
根据本发明的方法还使得能够减小飞轮二极管的尺寸。
根据一个实施方式,所述故障与称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流有关。
根据一个实施方式,所述故障与热现象有关。
根据一个实施方式,所述在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电是由相对的晶体管上的电流检测器实现的。
根据一个实施方式,所述在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电是由相对的晶体管上的电压检测器实现的。
本发明还涉及一种用于在包括多个晶体管的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的系统,其特征在于,其包括用于以下的部件:
• 检测所述多个晶体管中的晶体管上的故障;
• 关断在其上检测到故障的所述晶体管;
• 在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及
• 关断所述多个晶体管中的其它晶体管。
附图说明
将通过参照各图借助于以下以单纯解释的方式给出的本发明的实施方式的描述而更好地理解本发明,在各图中:
- 图1例示了一个实施方式中的根据本发明的方法;
- 图2例示了根据现有技术的系统;以及
- 图3例示了一个实施方式中的实施根据本发明的方法的系统。
具体实施方式
图1例示了一个实施方式中的根据本发明的方法。
如图1所示,本发明涉及一种用于在包括多个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的方法,其包括以下步骤:
• 检测10所述多个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4中的晶体管上的故障;
• 关断20在其上检测到故障的所述晶体管;
• 在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测30输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及
• 关断40所述多个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4中的其它晶体管。
在一个实施方式中,故障与称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流有关。
在一个实施方式中,故障与热现象有关。
在一个实施方式中,在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电是由相对的晶体管上的电流检测器实现的。
在一个实施方式中,在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电是由相对的晶体管上的电压检测器实现的。
本发明还涉及一种用于在包括多个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的系统,该系统包括用于以下的部件:
• 检测所述多个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4中的晶体管上的故障;
• 关断在其上检测到故障的所述晶体管;
• 在与所述晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及
• 关断所述多个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4中的其它晶体管。
接下来描述本发明的实施例。考虑包括四个晶体管T1、T2、T3、T4的装置。如果在晶体管T1中检测到具有过高强度的电流,则关断晶体管T1,但是不关断晶体管T2、T3和T4。就此等候在与晶体管T1相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电。与现有技术的解决方案相反,仅在此刻关断其它晶体管。如果在晶体管T2、T3或T4中检测到具有过高强度的电流,则该方法是相似的。
图3例示了一个实施方式中的实施根据本发明的方法的系统。与图2表示的现有技术中的解决方案相反,在检测到称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流的情况下,并不同时切断所有晶体管。就此等候在与第一晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电。
因此,根据本发明的方法使得能够在检测到称为“过电流”的具有过高强度的电流或者以上提及的热现象的情况下消除或极大地减小飞轮二极管注入。
根据本发明的方法使得能够实施对衬底注入具有低免疫性的半导体工艺。
根据本发明的方法还使得能够减少电源电压的(英语中)称作“过冲”的现象并因此降低解耦电容。
本发明适合于包括“高压侧”的所有类型的电路或者具有利用飞轮二极管各阶段的多个MOS的电路。
在上文中作为示例对本发明进行了描述。要理解的是,本领域技术人员能够实现本发明的各种变型而不脱离专利的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.用于在包括多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的方法,其特征在于,其包括以下步骤:
• 检测所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的晶体管上的故障;
• 关断所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的在其上检测到故障的一个或多个晶体管;
• 在与所述一个或多个晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及
• 关断所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的其它晶体管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述故障与具有过高强度的电流有关。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述故障与热现象有关。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述在与所述一个或多个晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电是由相对的晶体管上的电流检测器实现的。
5.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述在与所述一个或多个晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电是由相对的晶体管上的电压检测器实现的。
6.用于在包括多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)的“H桥”型装置中限制电流的系统,其特征在于,其包括用于以下的部件:
• 检测所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的晶体管上的故障;
• 关断所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的在其上检测到故障的一个或多个晶体管;
• 在与所述一个或多个晶体管相对的晶体管上检测输出端上积累的能量的放电;以及
• 关断所述多个晶体管(T1、T2、T3、T4)中的其它晶体管。
CN201680058278.1A 2015-10-07 2016-08-26 用于在“h桥”型装置中限制电流的方法 Active CN108141033B (zh)

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FR1559538A FR3042322B1 (fr) 2015-10-07 2015-10-07 Procede pour limiter le courant dans des dispositifs de type "pont en h"
PCT/EP2016/001441 WO2017059939A1 (fr) 2015-10-07 2016-08-26 Procédé pour limiter le courant dans des dispositifs de type « pont en h »

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EP3360218A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
FR3042322A1 (fr) 2017-04-14
WO2017059939A1 (fr) 2017-04-13
US10326265B2 (en) 2019-06-18
FR3042322B1 (fr) 2017-11-03
CN108141033A (zh) 2018-06-08
US20180294634A1 (en) 2018-10-11

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