CN108136100B - Blood purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a blood purification apparatus that can reliably fill the blood channel and the dialysate channel of the blood purification means with priming liquid and that does not require the medical staff to reverse the blood purification means at the start of the blood purification treatment. When filling the priming solution, the dialyzer (2) is held with the blood outlet port (2b) facing upward, the priming solution introduced into the blood channel (2e) of the dialyzer (2) from the blood inlet port (2a) is filtered to the dialysate channel (21) via the blood purification membrane (2g), and the priming solution is extracted from the dialysate inlet port (2c) to prime the dialysate channel (2 f).

Description

blood purification device

technical field

The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while performing extracorporeal circulation.

Background technique

Generally, a blood purification apparatus for performing dialysis treatment includes an arterial-side blood circuit and a venous-side blood circuit constituting a blood circuit for extracorporeal circulation of a patient's blood; A blood purification mechanism; an apparatus main body in which various treatment mechanisms such as a blood pump for performing blood purification treatment through a blood circuit and a blood purifier are installed. A blood vessel contact probe or a puncture needle (arterial-side puncture needle and venous-side puncture needle) can be attached to the ends of the arterial-side blood circuit and the venous-side blood circuit, respectively.

In addition, for example, after the arterial-side puncture needle and the venous-side puncture needle are punctured into the patient, the blood of the patient flows through the arterial-side blood circuit and the venous-side blood circuit by driving the blood pump. Purification facilities perform blood purification. In addition, in the dialysis treatment, a dialysate introduction line for introducing the dialysate into the blood purification mechanism and a dialysate discharge line are respectively connected to the blood purification mechanism, and the dialysate discharge line is used for removing the dialysate from the blood purification mechanism. mechanism, drain the drain.

In such a blood purification apparatus as described above, it is necessary to precharge the blood circuit and the blood purification mechanism before blood purification treatment. The priming is usually a step of supplying physiological saline to the blood circuit by driving the blood pump, and this step is performed by filling the blood in the blood circuit with the priming liquid and performing extracorporeal circulation. In the flow path, the flow path through which blood flows (blood flow path), and the flow path through which dialysate flows (dialysate flow path) in the blood purification mechanism. In addition, since the above-mentioned prior art does not relate to the invention known in the literature, there is no literature information of the prior art to be described.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem to be solved by the invention

The above-described conventional blood purification apparatus has the following problems.

For the reason of dialysis efficiency, the blood purification mechanism is set so that the flow direction of the dialysate in the dialysate flow path faces the flow direction of blood in the blood flow path. In addition, when the air bubbles remaining in the arterial side blood circuit before the blood purification treatment enter the blood purification mechanism, the air bubbles face upward and pass easily, so the outlet (blood outlet port) of the blood flow path is held upward while facing upward. Blood purification institutions, while performing blood purification treatment.

On the other hand, when the blood outlet port faces upward as described above, the dialysate outlet (dialysate outlet port) is located below the dialysate inlet (dialysate inlet port), and it is difficult to discharge well during priming. Air bubbles remaining in the dialysate flow path. Therefore, it is required that the blood lead-out port is in a downward facing state during priming, and at the start of blood purification treatment, the up and down of the blood purification mechanism is reversed so that the blood lead-out port is directed upward. The problem of reversal work of medical staff.

The present invention is devised in response to such a situation, and provides a blood purification apparatus which can reliably perform filling of the blood flow path and dialysate flow path of the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism with a priming liquid, and does not require blood purification Reversal work of the blood purification facility of the medical staff at the start of treatment.

Technical solutions for solving problems

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a blood purification device comprising:

A blood purification mechanism, the blood purification mechanism includes: a blood introduction port into which blood can be introduced; a blood outlet port through which blood can be derived; and a blood flow path between the blood introduction port and the blood outlet The port is extended within the range of the port to allow blood circulation; the dialysate inlet port, the dialysate inlet port can introduce the dialysate; the dialysate outlet port, the dialysate outlet port can export the dialysate; the dialysate flow path, the dialysate The flow path is extended in the range of the dialysate introduction port and the dialysate outlet port, and the dialysate can be circulated in the direction facing the blood flowing in the blood flow path; the blood purification membrane, the blood purification membrane clamps It is arranged between the blood flow path and the dialysate flow path, and can purify the blood circulating in the blood flow path;

A blood circuit, which includes an arterial side blood circuit and a venous side blood circuit, the arterial side blood circuit is connected to the blood introduction port of the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism, the venous side blood circuit is connected to the blood outlet port, and the blood circuit can be drawn from The front end of the arterial side blood circuit is connected to the front end of the venous side blood circuit, so that the patient's blood can be circulated extracorporeally;

The dialysate introduction pipeline is connected with the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism, and the dialysate can be introduced into the blood purification mechanism; the dialysate discharge pipeline is connected with the dialysate discharge pipeline of the blood purification mechanism. The dialysate outlet port is connected, and the drainage can be discharged from the blood purification mechanism;

A blood pump, which is installed in the arterial side blood circuit, can perform extracorporeal circulation of the patient's blood from the arterial side blood circuit toward the venous side blood circuit, and can supply a priming solution by driving the blood pump to the above blood circuit for priming,

It is characterized in that, during filling of the priming solution with the priming solution, the blood purification mechanism can be maintained in a state where the blood outlet port faces upward, and the blood flow introduced from the blood inlet port to the blood purification mechanism can be maintained. The above-mentioned priming liquid in the circuit is filtered into the above-mentioned dialysate flow path through the above-mentioned blood purification membrane, and is led out from the above-mentioned dialysate introduction port, and the dialysate liquid flow path is pre-filled, and the blood purification device also has a rehydration solution. A pipeline that can communicate a predetermined part of the arterial blood circuit with the dialysate introduction pipeline, and can discharge gas from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism during filling of the priming solution. It is discharged into the above-mentioned venous blood circuit through the above-mentioned rehydration line.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein at least a distal end portion of the arterial-side blood circuit of the arterial-side blood circuit and the venous-side blood circuit is connectable to receive a priming The pre-filled liquid receiving bag of the liquid can be supplied to the above-mentioned blood circuit with the pre-filled liquid of the pre-filled liquid receiving bag during the filling of the above-mentioned pre-filled liquid of the pre-filled liquid.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the first aspect, characterized in that it includes a fluid replacement pump, which is installed on the fluid replacement line and can transport the dialysate from the dialysate introduction line to the vein. In the side blood circuit, the flow rate of the fluid replacement pump is set to be lower than the flow rate of the blood pump during the filling of the priming solution, and the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism can pass through the The rehydration line is discharged into the above-mentioned venous blood circuit.

A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the first aspect, characterized in that it includes an opening and closing mechanism provided at a connection portion between the blood purification mechanism and the rehydration line of the venous blood circuit In between, the flow path can be opened and closed arbitrarily, and the flow path can be closed by closing the opening and closing mechanism during filling of the priming solution with the priming solution, so that the dialysate of the blood purification mechanism can be closed. The gas introduced into the port and discharged is discharged to the above-mentioned venous blood circuit through the above-mentioned rehydration line.

A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the first, third, or fourth aspect, characterized in that, at the time of filling of the priming solution for priming, a device connected to the distal end of the venous blood circuit can be passed through. The recovery container recovers the gas discharged into the above-mentioned venous blood circuit.

A sixth aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification device according to the first, third or fourth aspect, characterized in that it includes: a blood circuit side air capture chamber, the blood circuit side air capture chamber is provided in the venous side blood circuit. The connection part of the above-mentioned rehydration pipeline;

an air discharge line, the air discharge line is extended from the upper part of the air capture chamber on the blood circuit side, and can discharge the air in the air capture chamber on the blood circuit side;

an air discharge mechanism, which can discharge the air in the air capture chamber on the blood circuit side to the outside through the air discharge pipeline;

During the filling of the priming liquid, the gas discharged into the blood circuit on the venous side is captured by the air trapping chamber on the blood circuit side, the air discharge mechanism is activated, and the gas is discharged through the air discharge line, discharged to the outside.

A seventh aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the sixth aspect, characterized in that it includes a liquid level detection mechanism capable of detecting the liquid level of the air capture chamber on the side of the blood circuit, and in order to pass the liquid level detection mechanism through the above-mentioned It is a condition that the liquid level detection means detects the liquid level of a predetermined height, and the discharge of the gas by the air discharge means is stopped.

The eighth aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification device according to the first aspect, characterized in that it includes:

a dialysate receiving bag, the dialysate receiving bag is connected to the front end of the above-mentioned dialysate introduction pipeline, and receives the dialysate introduced into the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism;

a drainage receiving bag, which is connected to the front end of the dialysate discharge line and can receive the drainage discharged from the blood purification mechanism;

a dialysate pump, which is arranged on the above-mentioned dialysate introduction pipeline, and transports the dialysate in the above-mentioned dialysate receiving bag to the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism;

A drainage pump, which is provided on the dialysate discharge line, and transports the drainage fluid discharged from the blood purification mechanism to the drainage fluid receiving bag.

A ninth aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the eighth aspect, wherein the flow rate of the dialysate pump is less than or equal to the flow rate of the blood pump during filling of the priming solution. and driving the dialysate pump in reverse, so that the priming solution introduced into the blood flow path of the blood purification mechanism from the blood introduction port is filtered into the dialysate flow path through the blood purification membrane, and is removed from the dialysate liquid. The dialysate flow path is primed and led out through the introduction port.

A tenth aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the eighth or ninth aspect, characterized in that it includes: a dialysate-side air capture chamber, and the dialysate-side air capture chamber is provided in the above-mentioned portion of the dialysate introduction line. between the dialysate pump and the blood purification mechanism; an air discharge line, which is extended from the upper part of the above-mentioned dialysate side air capture cavity, and can discharge the air in the dialysate side air capture cavity; the air discharge mechanism, The air discharge mechanism can discharge the air in the air trapping chamber on the dialysate side to the outside through the air discharging line; and can catch the air from the air trapping chamber on the dialysate side through the air trapping chamber on the dialysate side during filling of the pre-filled liquid. The gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port operates the air discharge mechanism, and the gas can be discharged to the outside through the air discharge line.

An eleventh aspect of the present invention relates to the blood purification apparatus according to the tenth aspect, characterized in that it includes a liquid level detection mechanism, and the liquid level detection mechanism can detect the liquid level of the air trapping chamber on the dialysate side, and can detect the liquid level in the air-capturing chamber on the dialysate side, and pass the liquid level detection mechanism. It is a condition that the liquid level detection means detects the liquid level of a predetermined height, and the discharge of the gas by the air discharge means is stopped.

effect of invention

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the blood purification mechanism can be maintained in a state where the blood outlet port faces upward when the priming liquid is filled with the priming liquid, and the blood flow of the blood purification mechanism can be introduced from the blood introduction port to the blood purification mechanism. The priming fluid in the circuit is filtered into the dialysate flow path through the blood purification membrane, and is led out from the dialysate inlet port to prefill the dialysate flow path, so the relative blood purification of the priming liquid can be performed reliably. Filling of the blood flow path and dialysate flow path of the mechanism does not require reversal work of the blood purification mechanism by the medical staff at the start of the blood purification treatment. Since it has a refilling line, the refilling line can connect a predetermined part of the blood circuit on the venous side with the dialysate introduction line, and can discharge the liquid from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism when filling the above-mentioned priming solution. The gas is discharged into the venous side blood circuit through the rehydration line, so more effective priming can be performed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since at least the front end of the arterial side blood circuit and the venous blood circuit can be connected to the priming liquid receiving bag that receives the priming liquid, in the above-mentioned priming During the filling of the priming liquid, the priming liquid of the priming liquid receiving bag can be supplied to the blood guiding circuit, so that the priming liquid on the blood circuit side can be filled more reliably and smoothly.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is a fluid replacement pump, which is arranged on the fluid replacement pipeline and can transport the dialysate from the dialysate introduction pipeline to the venous blood circuit. By setting the flow rate of the rehydration pump below the flow rate of the blood pump, the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism can be discharged to the venous blood circuit through the rehydration line. precharge.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an opening and closing mechanism provided between the blood purification mechanism of the venous blood circuit and the connecting portion of the fluid replacement line, the flow path can be arbitrarily opened and closed, and the When filling the priming solution, the opening and closing mechanism is closed to close the flow path, and the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism is discharged into the venous blood circuit through the rehydration line. Therefore, the discharge of the gas through the fluid replacement line can be performed more reliably, and the more effective priming can be performed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the gas discharged into the venous blood circuit can be recovered through the recovery container connected to the front end of the venous blood circuit when the priming solution is filled with the priming liquid, the When filling with liquid, the gas that replaces the pre-filled liquid is recovered more reliably.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, when the priming liquid is filled with the priming liquid, the gas discharged into the blood circuit on the venous side can be captured by the air trapping chamber on the blood circuit side, and the air discharge mechanism can be actuated to pass the gas through The air discharge line is discharged to the outside, and the air trapping chamber and air discharge mechanism on the blood circuit side can be used, and the gas that replaces the priming liquid can be reliably discharged to the outside when the priming liquid is filled.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a liquid level detection mechanism is included that can detect the liquid level of the air trapping chamber on the blood circuit side, and the liquid level detection mechanism detects a liquid level of a predetermined height as Therefore, by using the liquid level detection mechanism, it is possible to detect that all the priming liquid has been replaced with gas, and the filling operation of the priming liquid can be terminated, so that more effective priming can be performed.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, a dialysate receiving bag is provided, the dialysate receiving bag is connected to the front end of the above-mentioned dialysate introduction line, and receives the dialysate introduced into the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism; The receiving bag is connected with the front end of the above-mentioned dialysate discharge pipeline, and can receive the discharged liquid discharged from the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism; a dialysate pump, which is arranged on the above-mentioned dialysate introduction pipeline, and the above-mentioned dialysate receiving bag The dialysate is transported to the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism; the discharge pump is arranged on the above-mentioned dialysate discharge pipeline, and transports the discharged liquid discharged from the above-mentioned blood purification mechanism to the above-mentioned discharge liquid receiving bag, so the dialysate can be used. pump or drain pump for more efficient priming.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the dialysate pump is driven in the reverse direction so that the flow rate of the dialysate pump is equal to or less than the flow rate of the blood pump during the filling of the priming solution, so that the dialysate pump can be introduced from the blood introduction port. The priming fluid in the blood flow path of the blood-conducting purification mechanism is filtered into the dialysate flow path through the blood purification membrane, the priming liquid is led out from the dialysate introduction port, and the dialysate flow path is primed, so it can pass The coordinated action of the dialysate pump and the blood pump for more effective priming.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, during filling of the pre-filled priming liquid, the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port can be captured by the dialysate-side air trapping chamber, the air discharge mechanism can be activated, and the gas can be passed through the air Since the discharge line is discharged to the outside, the air trapping chamber on the dialysate side and the air discharge mechanism can be used, and the gas displacing the priming liquid can be reliably discharged to the outside during filling of the priming liquid.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since the liquid level detection mechanism is provided, the liquid level detection mechanism can detect the liquid level of the air trapping chamber on the dialysate side, and the liquid level detection mechanism can detect the liquid level of a predetermined height. If the situation is the condition, the gas discharge of the air discharge mechanism is stopped. Therefore, the liquid level detection mechanism can be used to detect that all the priming liquid has been replaced with gas, and the filling operation of the priming liquid can be terminated, and more effective priming can be performed. .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a blood purification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a blood purification mechanism used in the blood purification apparatus;

Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the steps performed during priming of the blood purification apparatus;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the blood purification apparatus (at the time of filling of the priming solution);

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the blood purification apparatus (at the time of filling of the priming solution);

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the blood purification apparatus (at the time of filling of the priming solution);

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the blood purification apparatus (at the time of filling of the priming solution);

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the blood purification apparatus (type with an opening and closing mechanism);

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a blood purification apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The blood purification apparatus of the present embodiment is suitable for use in a blood purification apparatus for purifying the blood of a patient while extracorporeal circulation of the blood is carried out. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1 , the blood purification apparatus is It includes: a blood circuit 1 having an arterial-side blood circuit 1a and a venous-side blood circuit 1b, and a dialyzer 2 (blood purification mechanism) interposed between the arterial-side blood circuit 1a and the venous-side blood circuit 1b In between, the blood flowing through the blood circuit 1 is purified; the blood pump P1 is composed of a peristaltic pump arranged in the arterial side blood circuit 1a; the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2; The dialysate pump P2 and the drain pump P3 in the dialysate introduction pipeline L1 and the dialysate discharge pipeline L2; the fluid supplementation pipeline L3; the fluid supplementation pump P4, which is arranged on the fluid supplementation pipeline L3; In addition, the symbol P in the figure represents a pressure detection mechanism.

The arterial-side blood circuit 1a and the venous-side blood circuit 1b are connected to respective distal ends with a connector through which an arterial-side puncture needle and a venous-side puncture needle (not shown) can be connected. In addition, if the blood pump P1 is rotationally driven (forwardly driven) in a state where the arterial-side puncture needle connected to the distal end of the arterial-side blood circuit 1a and the venous-side puncture needle connected to the distal end of the venous-side blood circuit 1b puncture the patient, the The blood of the patient reaches the dialyzer 2 through the arterial-side blood circuit 1a, is purified by the dialyzer 2, and is returned to the patient's body through the venous-side blood circuit 1b. In addition, instead of puncturing the patient with the arterial-side puncture needle and the venous-side puncture needle, a double-hollow tube probe can be inserted into the patient's subclavian vein or femoral vein, or into the blood vessel of the patient's arm.

In addition, in the middle of the venous blood circuit 1b, an air trapping chamber 3 on the blood circuit side is connected, and the blood subjected to extracorporeal circulation passes through the air trapping chamber 3 to remove air bubbles, and then returns to the patient. In addition, a gripping mechanism 5 is provided at the distal end of the venous blood circuit 1b, and by arbitrarily opening and closing the gripping mechanism 5, the flow path at that position can be opened or closed.

In addition, in the venous side blood circuit 1b of the present embodiment, the blood circuit side air trapping chamber 3 is formed, and the blood circuit side air trapping chamber 3 is provided at the connection portion of the fluid replacement line L3; and the air discharge line La is formed. Extending from the upper part of the air capture chamber 3 on the blood circuit side, the air in the air capture chamber 3 on the blood circuit side can be discharged; the air discharge mechanism 9 can pass the air discharge line La to discharge the air in the blood circuit side. The air inside the air capture chamber 3 is exhausted to the outside, and in the blood circuit side air capture chamber 3, a liquid level detection mechanism 6 is installed, which can detect the liquid level of the blood circuit side air capture chamber 3.

The air discharge mechanism 9 includes a flow path that communicates with the air discharge line La, the front end of the flow path is opened to the atmosphere via a filter, and a solenoid valve Va and a squeeze pump Pa are mounted in the middle of the flow path. In addition, by opening the solenoid valve Va, the squeeze pump Pa is driven to rotate forward, and the air in the air trapping chamber 3 on the blood circuit side is discharged to the outside, so that the blood circuit side can be improved. The liquid level in the air trapping chamber 3 is captured and the squeeze pump Pa is driven in reverse, thereby introducing air into the blood circuit side air trapping chamber 3 and lowering the liquid level in the blood circuit side air trapping chamber 3 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the dialyzer 2 includes a blood introduction port 2a into which blood can be introduced; a blood outlet port 2b through which blood can be drawn; The dialysate inlet port 2c that can be introduced into the dialysate; the dialysate outlet port 2d that can export the dialysate; the dialysate flow path 2f, the dialysate flow path 2f is introduced into the dialysate The port 2c and the dialysate lead-out port 2d are extended and arranged to face the blood circulating in the blood flow path 2e, so that the dialysate can be circulated; the blood purification membrane 2g is sandwiched between the blood Between the flow path 2e and the dialysate flow path 2f, the blood flowing through the blood flow path 2e can be purified.

More specifically, in the dialyzer 2, a blood inlet port 2a, a blood outlet port 2b, a dialysate inlet port 2c, and a dialysate inlet port 2d are formed to protrude on the housing portion, and an artery is connected to the blood inlet port 2a among them. In the side blood circuit 1a, the blood outlet port 2b is connected to the venous blood circuit 1b, the dialysate inlet port 2c is connected to the dialysate inlet line L1, and the dialysate outlet port 2d is connected to the dialysate outlet line L2. In addition, in order to perform effective dialysis treatment, the positional relationship in the vertical direction of the blood introduction port 2a serving as the inlet of blood and the dialysate introduction port 2c serving as the inlet of dialysate is reversed, so that the surface of the blood flowing in the blood channel 2e The correct orientation is constructed so that the dialysate can circulate.

In addition, a plurality of hollow fiber membranes are accommodated in the dialyzer 2, and the hollow fibers constitute the blood purification membrane 2g for blood purification. That is, the blood flow path 2e is formed inside the blood purification membrane 2g constituting the hollow fiber membrane, and the dialysate flow path 2f is formed in the space between the casing and the hollow fiber. In addition, the blood purification membrane 2g is formed as a hollow fiber membrane, and a plurality of fine pores penetrating the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the hollow fiber membrane are formed, so that impurities and the like in the blood flowing through the blood flow channel 2e through the membrane can permeate through ( filter) inside the dialysate flowing through the dialysate flow path 2f.

The dialysate introduction line L1 is composed of a flow path for introducing the dialysate into the dialyzer 2, one end of which is connected to the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2, and a dialysate pump P2 is provided in the middle of the flow path. Like the blood pump P1, the dialysate pump P2 is constituted by a squeeze-type pump that moves and feeds a flexible tube constituting a flow path of the dialysate introduction line L1. A dialysate receiving bag B1 for receiving the dialysate in a predetermined amount is connected to the other end of the dialysate introduction line L1, and the dialysate in the dialysate receiving bag B1 can be introduced by driving (forward driving) the dialysate pump P2. Dialyzer 2.

The dialysate discharge line L2 is composed of a flow path for discharging the drain from the dialyzer 2, one end of which is connected to the dialysate outlet 2d of the dialyzer 2, and a drain pump P3 is provided in the middle of the flow path. The drainage pump P3 is the same as the blood pump P1, and is composed of a peristaltic pump that moves and sends a liquid to the flexible tube constituting the flow path of the dialysate drainage line L2. The other end of the dialysate discharge line L2 is connected to a drain receiving bag B2 capable of receiving a predetermined amount of drained fluid, and the drain pump P3 is driven (forwardly driven) to allow the dialysate ( Drain) into the interior of the drain receiving bag B2.

However, by the forward rotation driving of the dialysate pump P2, the dialysate in the dialysate receiving bag B1 flows toward the dialyzer 2 and is supplied, and the forward rotation driving of the drain pump P3 causes the dialysate (drainage) of the dialyzer 2 to flow and supply. ) flows toward the drain receiving bag B2, and is drained. The weight gauges 4a and 4b are configured so that the dialysate receiving bag B1 and the drain receiving bag B2 are hooked to the hooks and held to measure the weights of the dialysate receiving bag B1 and the drain receiving bag B2 in real time. In addition, the dialysate receiving bag B1 and the drainage receiving bag B2 are constituted by flexible receiving containers, and the drainage receiving bag B2 is in an empty state in which the drainage is not received before starting the blood purification treatment.

In addition, driving of the blood pump P1 , the dialysate pump P2 , the drainage pump P3 (and the replacement pump P4 ) is controlled based on the weights measured by the weight scales 4 a and 4 b and preset values stored in advance. The driving speed of the drainage pump P3 is controlled so as to be the same as the driving speed of the dialysate pump P2 when water removal is not performed from the patient as a condition of treatment, and when water removal is performed, it is considered according to the formation. It is constructed in a way that the driving speed is derived from the flow rate of the water. In addition, when there is a difference between the respective weights of the dialysate receiving bag B1 and the drain receiving bag B2 measured by the weight scales 4a and 4b and the theoretical weight after a predetermined time has elapsed, the drainage can be finely adjusted automatically. The driving speed of the liquid pump P3 in order to perform compensation for eliminating the difference.

The fluid replacement line L3 is constituted by a flow path for connecting a predetermined portion of the venous side blood circuit 1b (in this embodiment, the blood circuit side air capture chamber 3 connected to the venous side blood circuit 1b) with the dialysate. The introduction line L1 is communicated. A rehydration pump P4 is provided on the rehydration line L3, and the rehydration pump P4 can be driven (forwardly driven) to transmit the dialysate from the dialysate introduction line L1 to the venous blood circuit 1b and replenish (post-rehydration). In addition, the fluid replacement pump P4 is constituted by a squeeze-type pump that, like the blood pump P1 , moves and sends fluid to the flexible line constituting the fluid replacement line L3 .

In addition, on the dialysate introduction line L1 of the present embodiment, there are formed: a dialysate side air capture chamber 7, which is provided between the dialysate pump P2 and the dialyzer 2; an air discharge line Lb, The air discharge line Lb extends from the upper part of the dialysate side air capture chamber 7, and can discharge the air inside the dialysate side air capture chamber 7; the air discharge mechanism 10, the air discharge mechanism 10 can pass through the air discharge line Lb The air inside the air capture chamber 7 on the dialysate side is discharged to the outside, and a liquid level detection mechanism 8 is installed on the air capture chamber 7 on the dialysate side. The liquid level detection mechanism 8 can detect the liquid in the air capture chamber 7 on the dialysate side. noodle.

The air discharge mechanism 10 includes a flow path communicating with the air discharge pipe thin Lb, the front end of the flow path is opened to the atmosphere via a filter, and a squeeze-type pump Pb is provided in the middle of the flow path. In addition, it is configured in such a manner that the squeeze-type pump Pb can be driven by forward rotation, the air inside the dialysate-side air trapping chamber 7 can be discharged to the outside, and the liquid level of the dialysate-side air trapping chamber 7 can be raised. , by driving the squeeze pump Pb in reverse, and introducing air into the inside of the dialysate-side air capture chamber 7, the liquid level of the dialysate-side air capture chamber 7 can be lowered.

The control mechanism 11 is composed of a microcomputer or the like provided in the blood purification apparatus, and is used to communicate with actuators (blood pump P1, dialysate pump P2, drainage pump P3, fluid replacement pump P4, etc.) or various sensors (fluid pump P4, etc.), respectively. The surface detection mechanisms 6, 8, etc.) and the valve mechanism (the clamp mechanism 5, etc.) are electrically connected to perform various controls. In this embodiment, the control before the blood purification treatment can be automatically performed by the control of the control mechanism 11. Charge.

The priming is a step performed by driving the blood pump P1 to supply the priming liquid to the blood circuit 1 (the arterial side blood circuit 1a and the venous side blood circuit 1b), and as shown in FIG. 3, it includes the priming liquid. Filling step S1, cleaning step S2 and bubble discharging step S3. The filling step S1 of the priming liquid is a step of filling the blood flow path 2e and the dialysate flow path 2f of the dialyzer 2 with the priming liquid, and replacing it with gas (air); The step of cleaning while discharging the priming liquid filled in the priming liquid filling step S1 to the outside; the air bubble discharging step S3 is to circulate the priming liquid in the flow path for filling and cleaning the priming liquid to remain The steps of trapping the air bubbles and expelling them to the outside.

In addition, the front end portions of the arterial-side blood circuit 1a and the venous-side blood circuit 1b of the present embodiment can be connected to the priming solution receiving bag B3 for receiving the priming solution (physiological saline), and the priming solution is filled according to the filling of the priming solution. , it can be configured in such a way that the priming liquid of the priming liquid receiving bag B3 can be supplied to the blood circuit 1 . In addition, in the present embodiment, the priming solution receiving bag B3 is connected to the distal end portions of both the arterial side blood circuit 1a and the venous side blood circuit 1b. However, if at least the distal end portion of the arterial side blood circuit 1a is connected to Liquid-filled receiving bag B3 will do.

Here, in the blood purification apparatus of the present embodiment, at the time of filling with the priming solution (the filling step S1 of the priming solution), as shown in FIG. 2 , the blood lead-out port 2b is in a state where the blood lead-out port 2b faces upward. (The dialysate introduction port 2c is located above the dialysate outlet port 2d), the dialyzer 2 (blood purification mechanism) is held, and the priming solution introduced from the blood introduction port 2a into the blood flow path 2e of the dialyzer 2 via The blood purification membrane 2g is filtered into the dialysate flow path 2f, and is led out from the dialysate outlet port 2c, and the dialysate flow path 2f can be primed.

For example, when the filling of the priming liquid is started (the filling step S1 of the priming liquid), as shown in FIG. 4 , the clamp mechanism 5 is in a closed state and is driven to rotate forward at the same flow rate. The dialysate pump P2 and the drainage pump P3 are stopped, and other pumps such as the blood pump P1 and the replacement pump P4 are stopped. Thereby, the dialysate in the dialysate receiving bag B1 can be circulated and filled to the connection portion of the replacement fluid line L3 of the dialysate introduction line L1.

After the above-mentioned operations are completed, as shown in FIG. 5 , while maintaining the closed state of the clamp mechanism 5 , the blood pump P1 is driven to rotate forward, and the replacement pump P4 is driven to rotate forward. At this time, the solenoid valve Va of the air discharge mechanism 9 is opened, the squeeze pump Pa is driven forward, and other squeeze pumps such as the dialysate pump P2 and the discharge pump P3 are stopped. In addition, the flow rate of the replacement pump P4 is set to be equal to or lower than the flow rate of the blood pump P1, and the driving speed of the squeeze-type pump Pa is controlled by the control mechanism 11 .

However, the priming liquid (physiological saline) in the priming liquid receiving bag B3 flows through the arterial side blood circuit 1a, reaches the blood flow path 2e of the dialyzer 2, is filtered by the blood purification membrane 2g, and reaches the dialysate flow path 2f, Then, after being discharged from the dialysate introduction port 2c, it flows into the venous blood circuit 1b via the fluid replacement line L3 and fills the circuit to replace the gas (air) in the flow path. During the filling process of the priming solution, the gas discharged from the blood circuit 1b on the venous side (that is, the air displacing the priming solution) is captured by the air trapping chamber 3 on the blood circuit side, and by the operation of the air discharge mechanism 9, through the The air is discharged to the outside through the line La.

On the condition that the liquid level of a predetermined height is detected by the liquid level detection mechanism 6, the blood pump P1 and the fluid replacement pump P4 are stopped, the solenoid valve Va of the air discharge mechanism 9 is closed, and the squeeze pump Pa is stopped. . However, instead of the above-described priming operation, as shown in FIG. 8 , the opening and closing mechanism 12 may be provided in the connection between the dialyzer 2 of the venous blood circuit 1b and the fluid replacement line L3. During filling, the flow path can be opened and closed arbitrarily, and the opening and closing mechanism 12 can be closed to close the flow path during filling of the priming solution with the priming solution, and the dialysate introduction port 2c from the dialyzer 2 can be On the other hand, the exhausted gas (replaced air) is exhausted to the venous blood circuit 1b via the fluid replacement line L3.

In this way, at the time of filling of the priming liquid (the filling step S1 of the priming liquid), the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2 (that is, the air that has been replaced with the priming liquid) can be ) is discharged into the venous blood circuit 1b via the rehydration line L3. In addition, at the time of filling of the priming solution (the filling step S1 of the priming solution), by setting the flow rate of the replacement pump P4 to be equal to or less than the flow rate of the blood pump P1, the dialysate introduction port of the dialyzer 2 can be The gas discharged from 2c (that is, the air replaced with the priming solution) is discharged to the venous blood circuit 1b via the fluid replacement line L3.

In addition, instead of the above-described method in which the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2 (air replaced with the priming liquid) is discharged to the venous blood circuit 1b through the fluid replacement line L3, On the other hand, it is configured in such a manner that the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2 is captured by the dialysate-side air capture chamber 7 of the dialysate introduction line L1 (air replaced with the pre-filled liquid). ), the air discharge mechanism 10 is actuated, and the air is discharged to the outside through the air discharge line Lb.

In this case, by driving the dialysate pump P2 in the reverse direction so that the flow rate of the dialysate pump P2 is equal to or less than the flow rate of the blood pump P1, the priming can be introduced from the blood introduction port 2a into the blood flow path 2e of the dialyzer 2 The liquid is filtered into the dialysate flow path 2f through the blood purification membrane 2g, and is led out from the dialysate introduction port 2c, and the dialysate flow path 2f is primed. As a result, the air displaced by the priming solution is captured by the dialysate-side air trapping chamber 7, so that the liquid level detection mechanism 8 detects a liquid level of a predetermined height as a condition, and the air discharge mechanism 10 can stop the gas flow. discharge.

After the above-mentioned operations, as shown in FIG. 6 , while maintaining the closed state of the clamping mechanism 5, the blood pump P1 is driven to rotate forward, and the solenoid valve Va of the air discharge mechanism 9 is opened, and the squeeze mechanism is driven to rotate forward. The pressure pump Pa thereby replaces the air from the connection portion of the blood flow path 2e of the dialyzer 2 with the dialyzer 2 of the venous blood circuit 1b to the flow path of the blood circuit side air trap chamber 3 with the priming fluid. At this time, the driving speed of the squeeze pump Pa is controlled so that the liquid level detected by the liquid level detection mechanism 6 becomes constant.

In addition, while maintaining the forward rotation speed of the blood pump P1, the solenoid valve Va of the air discharge mechanism 9 is closed while the clamp mechanism 5 is in an open state, and the squeeze-type pump Pa can be stopped and discharged to the venous side. The gas in the blood circuit 1b is recovered by a recovery container (in this embodiment, a priming solution receiving bag B3) connected to the front end of the venous blood circuit 1b. Thereby, the priming liquid can be filled between the distal end portion of the blood circuit 1b on the venous side and the air trapping chamber 3 on the blood circuit side.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7 , when the priming solution receiving bag B3 is connected to the front end of the venous blood circuit 1b, the electromagnetic solenoid of the air discharge mechanism 9 may be opened while the clamping mechanism 5 is opened. The valve Va is opened, and the squeeze pump Pa is driven to rotate forward, thereby replacing the air in the flow path up to the distal end of the venous blood circuit 1b and the blood circuit side air trap chamber 3 with the priming liquid. Since the filling step S1 of the priming liquid is completed as described above, the cleaning step S2 and the air bubble discharging step S3 are sequentially performed after that, thereby ending a series of priming.

In addition, in the cleaning step S2, if the priming solution to be supplied to the blood circuit 1 is to be discharged through the dialysate discharge line L2, the recovery bag of the priming solution, which is connected only at the time of priming, is not required, and the amount of priming can be reduced. the cost of. In particular, in the present embodiment, since there is a fluid replacement line L3 that can communicate a predetermined portion of the venous blood circuit 1b with the dialysate introduction line L1, when the priming fluid is discharged (cleaning step S2), If the priming fluid supplied to the blood circuit 1 is to flow through the fluid replacement line L3 and be discharged to the dialysate discharge line L2, the fluid replacement line L3 can be used for effective priming. In addition, when the blood purification treatment is performed after priming, the priming solution receiving bag B3 is removed from the distal ends of the arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b, and a puncture needle is connected.

According to the above-described embodiment, the dialyzer 2 is held in a state where the blood lead-out line 2b is directed upward when the priming solution is filled with the priming solution, and the dialyzer 2 is introduced into the blood flow path 2e of the dialyzer 2 from the blood introduction port 2a. The priming fluid (physiological saline in the priming fluid receiving bag B3) is filtered into the dialysate flow path 2f through the blood purification membrane 2g, and can be led out from the dialysate introduction port 2c to prime the dialysate flow path 2f Therefore, filling of the priming fluid into the blood flow path 2e and the dialysate flow path 2f of the dialyzer 2 can be performed reliably, and the operation of reversing the dialyzer 2 by the medical practitioner at the start of blood purification treatment is not required. In addition, in the present embodiment, when the blood purification treatment is started, the work of connecting and replacing the receiving bags such as the dialysate bag B1 and the drainage bag B2 is not required, thereby further improving workability.

In addition, a priming solution receiving bag B3 in which a priming solution (physiological saline) is received may be connected to the front end of at least the arterial side blood circuit 1a of the arterial side blood circuit 1a and the venous side blood circuit 1b, When filling the priming liquid, since the priming liquid in the priming liquid receiving bag B3 can be supplied to the blood circuit 1, the filling of the priming liquid on the blood circuit 1 side can be performed more reliably and smoothly.

In addition, there is a fluid replacement line L3 that can connect a predetermined portion of the venous blood circuit 1b to the dialysate introduction line L1, and the dialysate introduction port 2c from the dialyzer 2 can be used for filling the priming fluid. The discharged gas is discharged to the venous side blood circuit 1b through the rehydration line L3, so that more effective priming can be performed. In particular, in the present embodiment, there is a fluid replacement pump P4, which is installed in the fluid replacement line L3, and can transport the dialysate from the dialysate introduction line L1 to the venous blood circuit 1b, and the prefilled priming fluid At the time of filling, the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2 can be discharged to the venous side blood circuit 1b via the rehydration line L3 by setting the flow rate of the rehydration pump P4 below the flow rate of the blood pump P1 , so the rehydration pump P4 can be used for more effective pre-filling.

In addition, there is an opening and closing mechanism 12 (refer to FIG. 8 ), which is provided between the connection portion of the dialyzer 2 of the venous blood circuit 1b and the fluid replacement line L3, and the flow path can be opened and closed arbitrarily, When the opening and closing mechanism 12 is closed during filling of the priming solution, the flow path is closed, and the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2 can be discharged to the vein via the rehydration line L3 In the side blood circuit 1b, the discharge of gas through the fluid replacement line L3 can be performed more reliably, and more effective priming can be performed.

In addition, at the time of filling the priming liquid, the gas discharged into the venous blood circuit 1b can pass through the recovery container (in this embodiment, the priming liquid) connected to the front end of the venous blood circuit 1b. It is collected by receiving the bag B3), so that the gas that replaces the pre-fill liquid at the time of filling of the pre-fill liquid can be more reliably recovered. In addition, a dedicated recovery container for recovering gas at the distal end of the venous blood circuit 1b may be connected.

In addition, at the time of filling of the priming liquid, the gas discharged into the blood circuit 1b on the venous side can be captured by the air trapping chamber 3 on the blood circuit side, the air discharge mechanism 9 is activated, and the gas is discharged through the air discharge line. Since La is discharged to the outside, the air trapping chamber 3 and the air discharge mechanism 9 on the blood circuit side can be used, and the gas replaced with the priming liquid at the filling of the priming liquid can be reliably discharged to the outside. In particular, since the liquid level detection mechanism 6 capable of detecting the liquid level of the air trap chamber 3 on the blood circuit side is provided, and the liquid level detection mechanism 6 detects the liquid level at a predetermined height as a condition, the air discharge mechanism 9 is stopped. Therefore, the liquid level detection mechanism 6 can be used to detect that all the priming liquid is replaced with gas, the filling operation of the priming liquid can be terminated, and more effective priming can be performed.

Also, there are: a dialysate receiving bag B1 connected to the front end of the dialysate introduction line L1 and containing the dialysate introduced into the dialyzer 2; and a drain receiving bag B2, which receives The bag B2 is connected to the front end of the dialysate discharge line L2, and the discharge receiving bag B2 can receive the discharged liquid discharged from the dialyzer 2; the dialysate pump P2, the dialysate pump P2 is arranged on the dialysate introduction line L1, The dialysate in the dialysate receiving bag B1 is transported to the dialyzer 2; the drain pump P3, which is arranged on the dialysate discharge line L2, sends the drain from the dialyzer 2 to the drain receiver bag B2, so the dialysate pump P2 or the drain pump P3 can be used for more effective priming.

Furthermore, by driving the dialysate pump P2 in the reverse direction so that the flow rate of the dialysate pump P2 is set to be equal to or less than the flow rate of the blood pump P1 at the time of filling of the priming solution, it is possible to introduce the port from the blood. 2a, the priming solution introduced into the blood flow path 2e of the dialyzer 2 is filtered into the dialysate flow path 2f through the blood purification membrane 2g, and is led out from the dialysate introduction port 2c, so that the dialysate flow path 2f can be operated. Pre-charging, so more effective pre-charging can be performed through the coordinated action of the dialysate pump P2 and the blood pump P1.

In addition, at the time of filling of the priming solution, if the air exhausted from the dialysate introduction port 2c is captured by the dialysate side air trapping chamber 7, the air exhaust mechanism 10 is actuated, and the air exhaust line Lb is passed through the air exhaust line Lb. When the gas is discharged to the outside, the air trapping chamber 7 on the dialysate side and the air discharge mechanism 10 can be used to reliably discharge the gas that replaces the pre-filling liquid during filling of the pre-filling liquid to the outside. In particular, if the liquid level detection mechanism 8 capable of detecting the liquid level of the air trap chamber 7 on the dialysate side is provided, and the liquid level detection mechanism 8 detects the liquid level at a predetermined height as a condition, the air discharge mechanism 10 is stopped. When the gas is discharged, the liquid level detection mechanism 8 can be used to detect that all the priming liquid is replaced with gas, and the filling operation of the priming liquid can be terminated, so that more effective priming can be performed.

The present embodiment has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and can be applied to, for example, a blood purification apparatus including, as shown in FIG. The compound pump 13 provided with the liquid discharge line L2; the bypass line L4, the bypass line L4 is connected with the dialysate discharge line L2 to form a bypass of the compound pump 13; L4 connection. The blood purification device is constructed in the following manner: the dialysate introduction line L1 is connected to a water supply mechanism (not shown in the figure), and is connected to a receiving box T1 for receiving the A stock solution and a receiving box for receiving the B stock solution T2 is connected, and the pumps 15 and 16 are driven to supply the A stock solution and the B stock solution to the dialysate introduction line L1 , thereby preparing a dialysate of a predetermined concentration and introducing it into the dialyzer 2 .

Even in this case, at the time of filling with the priming solution, the dialyzer 2 (blood purification mechanism) is held in a state where the blood lead-out port 2b faces upward, and the blood is introduced into the dialyzer 2 from the blood lead-in port 2a. The priming solution in the blood flow path 2e is filtered into the dialysate flow path 2f through the blood purification membrane 2g, and is led out from the dialysate introduction port 2c to prime the dialysate flow path 2f.

In addition, it can also be applied to a blood purification device without the air capture chamber 3 on the blood circuit side, the air capture chamber 7 on the dialysate side and the air discharge mechanisms 9 and 10; or a blood purification device without the fluid replacement line L3 and the fluid replacement pump P4. In addition, the blood purification mechanism is not limited to the type of the blood purification membrane 2g composed of the hollow fiber membrane, but may be of other types that can purify blood and perform treatment, and the applicable blood purification treatment is not limited to dialysis treatment. On the other hand, it is another treatment that purifies the patient's blood while performing extracorporeal circulation.

Industrial use possibility

If the blood purification apparatus is formed in which the blood purification mechanism can be held in a state where the blood outlet port faces upwards when the priming solution is filled with the priming liquid, and the blood flow from the blood introduction port to the blood purification mechanism can be introduced into the blood purification mechanism. The priming fluid in the circuit is filtered into the dialysate flow path through the blood purification membrane, and it is led out from the dialysate inlet port, and the dialysate flow path is prefilled, and other functions can be added, etc. .

Description of the label:

Reference numeral 1 denotes a blood circuit;

Reference numeral 1a denotes an arterial side blood circuit;

Reference numeral 1b denotes the venous side blood circuit;

Reference numeral 2 denotes a dialyzer (blood purification mechanism);

Reference numeral 3 denotes an air capture chamber on the side of the blood circuit;

Reference numerals 4a, 4b denote weights;

Numeral 5 denotes a clamping mechanism;

Numeral 6 denotes a liquid level detection mechanism;

Reference numeral 7 denotes an air trapping chamber on the dialysate side;

Numeral 8 denotes a liquid level detection mechanism;

Reference numerals 9 and 10 represent air discharge mechanisms;

Reference numeral 11 denotes a control mechanism;

Numeral 12 denotes an opening and closing mechanism;

Symbol L1 represents the dialysate introduction line;

Symbol L2 denotes the dialysate discharge line;

Symbol L3 represents the rehydration line;

Symbol P1 denotes a blood pump;

Symbol P2 denotes a dialysate pump;

The symbol P3 represents the discharge pump;

The symbol P4 denotes a fluid replacement pump.

Claims (11)

1. A blood purification device, comprising:

a blood purification mechanism including a blood introduction port into which blood can be introduced; a blood lead-out port capable of leading out blood; a blood channel extending in the range of the blood introduction port and the blood discharge port and allowing blood to flow therethrough; a dialysate introduction port into which dialysate can be introduced; a dialysate extraction port capable of extracting dialysate; a dialysate flow path extending in the range of the dialysate introduction port and the dialysate extraction port and allowing dialysate to flow in a direction facing the blood flowing through the blood flow path; a blood purification membrane interposed between the blood channel and the dialysate channel and capable of purifying blood flowing through the blood channel;

a blood circuit including an arterial blood circuit connected to the blood introduction port of the blood purification means and a venous blood circuit connected to the blood discharge port, the blood circuit being capable of extracorporeally circulating blood of a patient from a distal end of the arterial blood circuit to a distal end of the venous blood circuit;

a dialysate introduction line connected to a dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism and capable of introducing dialysate into the blood purification mechanism; a dialysate discharge line connected to the dialysate discharge port of the blood purification mechanism and capable of discharging the discharged fluid from the blood purification mechanism;

a blood pump provided in the arterial blood circuit and configured to be capable of extracorporeally circulating blood of the patient from the arterial blood circuit to the venous blood circuit and to supply a priming liquid to the blood circuit by driving the blood pump to perform priming,

wherein the blood purification means is held in a state in which the blood lead-out port is directed upward during filling of the priming solution for priming, and the priming solution introduced into the blood channel of the blood purification means from the blood lead-in port is filtered into the dialysate channel via the blood purification membrane and led out from the dialysate lead-in port to prime the dialysate channel,

the blood purification apparatus further includes a fluid replacement line that can communicate a predetermined portion of the arterial blood circuit with a dialysate introduction line, and can discharge gas discharged from a dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism into the venous blood circuit via the fluid replacement line at the time of filling the priming fluid.

2. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a priming solution receiving bag that receives a priming solution is connectable to a distal end portion of at least the arterial blood circuit of the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit, and the priming solution of the priming solution receiving bag is supplied to the blood circuit at the time of filling the priming solution.

3. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a substitution pump that is provided on the substitution line and is capable of delivering dialysate from the dialysate introduction line to the venous blood circuit, wherein a flow rate of the substitution pump is set to a flow rate of the blood pump or less at the time of filling the priming solution that is primed, and wherein gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification means is discharged to the venous blood circuit via the substitution line.

4. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, comprising an opening/closing mechanism provided between the blood purification mechanism of the venous blood circuit and a connection portion of the substitution line, the opening/closing mechanism being capable of opening and closing a flow path arbitrarily, and being capable of closing the flow path by closing the opening/closing mechanism at the time of filling the priming solution, thereby discharging gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port of the blood purification mechanism into the venous blood circuit via the substitution line.

5. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein the gas discharged into the venous blood circuit can be recovered by a recovery vessel connected to the distal end portion of the venous blood circuit at the time of filling the priming liquid.

6. A blood purification device according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that it comprises: a blood circuit-side air trap chamber provided at a connection portion of the fluid replacement line of the vein-side blood circuit;

an air discharge line extending from an upper portion of the blood circuit side air trap chamber and capable of discharging air in the blood circuit side air trap chamber;

an air discharge mechanism capable of discharging the air in the blood circuit side air capturing chamber to the outside through the air discharge line,

the air discharge mechanism is configured to be able to capture the gas discharged into the venous blood circuit by the blood circuit-side air capture chamber and to be able to operate the air discharge mechanism to discharge the gas to the outside through the air discharge line during filling of the priming liquid.

7. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 6, comprising liquid level detection means capable of detecting a liquid level in the blood circuit side air trap chamber and stopping the discharge of the gas by the air discharge means on condition that the liquid level detection means detects a liquid level at a predetermined height.

8. A blood purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

a dialysate receiving bag connected to a distal end portion of the dialysate introduction line, the dialysate receiving bag receiving dialysate introduced into the blood purification mechanism;

a drain receiving bag connected to a distal end portion of the dialysate discharge line and capable of receiving the drain discharged from the blood purification mechanism;

a dialysate pump that is provided on the dialysate introduction line and that delivers the dialysate of the dialysate receiving bag to the blood purification mechanism;

and a drain pump provided on the dialysate discharge line and configured to transport the drain discharged from the blood purification mechanism to the drain receiving bag.

9. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the dialysate pump is driven in reverse so that a flow rate of the dialysate pump becomes equal to or lower than a flow rate of the blood pump at the time of filling the priming solution with the priming solution, so that the priming solution introduced into the blood channel of the blood purification mechanism from the blood introduction port is filtered into the dialysate channel through the blood purification membrane, and is discharged from the dialysate introduction port to prime the dialysate channel.

10. A blood purification device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises:

a dialysate side air trap chamber provided between the dialysate pump of the dialysate introduction line and the blood purification mechanism;

an air discharge line extending from an upper portion of the dialysate side air capture chamber and capable of discharging air in the dialysate side air capture chamber;

an air discharge mechanism capable of discharging air in the dialysate side air trap chamber to the outside through the air discharge line,

when the priming solution is filled in the priming chamber, the gas discharged from the dialysate introduction port is captured by the dialysate side air capture chamber, and the air discharge mechanism is operated to discharge the gas to the outside through the air discharge line.

11. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 10, comprising liquid level detection means capable of detecting the liquid level in the dialysate side air capture chamber and stopping the discharge of gas by the air discharge means on condition that the liquid level detection means detects the liquid level at a predetermined height.

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