CN108135768B - 颈部训练装置 - Google Patents

颈部训练装置 Download PDF

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CN108135768B
CN108135768B CN201680055281.8A CN201680055281A CN108135768B CN 108135768 B CN108135768 B CN 108135768B CN 201680055281 A CN201680055281 A CN 201680055281A CN 108135768 B CN108135768 B CN 108135768B
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本特·布莱西科
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Abstract

一种用于锻炼颈部肌肉组织和颈部的关节活动性的装置，其中该装置包括上部4、底部和连接所述上部和所述底部的连接元件3，并且其中所述上部4、所述底部和所述连接元件3限定了用户头部能置于其中的空间，所述装置的特征在于，上部4附接有托架5，用户的头部可以置于该托架5中，并且下部附接有用于颈部支持件2的枕头。

Description

颈部训练装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于锻炼肌肉组织并恢复颈部关节活动性的装置和方法，更具体地，涉及一种通过头部和颈部沿着三条轴线的受控运动来锻炼肌肉组织并恢复颈部关节活动性的装置和方法。
背景技术
鞭抽式损伤是世界上最常见的由车祸导致的非致命损伤。仅在英国，2007年就有430000人因鞭抽式损伤提出了保险索赔。
术语“鞭抽式损伤”是非医学术语，其描述了通常由颈部的与拉伸相关联的突然扭曲而对颈部造成的宽范围损伤。
鞭抽式损伤的严重程度从对大多数人而言的几天的轻微疼痛到严重残疾。因车祸而引起鞭抽式损伤的人中约有50％的人会有一些长期存在的问题。
如果受伤人员在事故发生后有持续六个月以上的症状，则他或她通常会被诊断为鞭抽式损伤综合症。
多年来，用于治疗患有鞭抽式损伤的人群的方法已经改变了很多。早些时候用软或硬的颈圈来治疗患者更为常见。
然而，随后数年的研究已经得出结论，恢复的最佳方式是使用积极的康复计划，其中包括物理治疗练习和姿势纠正。
事实上，立即开始康复治疗以预防未来的疼痛是重要的，早期康复治疗的主要目的是减少发展成鞭抽式损伤综合症的风险。
目前的研究支持说明了积极活动而不是颈圈会导致从短期和长期角度来看更迅速的恢复，并且受伤后不久迅速参与积极治疗的患者增强了其颈部活动性并且与使用颈圈的患者相比在4周内疼痛明显减轻。
积极的治疗方法是脖子上轻微的重复性锻炼，患者可以在家里或在健康专业人员的照顾下完成。
开始康复治疗时，重要的是从缓慢运动开始，包括：颈部旋转直到痛阈为每天3-5次，通过上下移动手臂两到三次使肩部关节屈曲和拉伸，并结合在吸气时肩部提升和在呼气时放松肩部提升。
例如针灸、按摩疗法和刺激的被动治疗有时可以用来作为主动练习的补充。应尽快鼓励恢复日常生活的正常活动，以最大化并加快全面恢复。
由于在治疗患有鞭抽式损伤的患者的方式上发生了这些变化，因此已经设计了几种类型的锻炼设备。
US 2010292051是用于鞭抽式损伤恢复的锻炼设备的示例。该设备是一种便携式颈部锻炼装置。该装置用于被背在你的背上。头带将用户头部连接到该装置。头带连接到一组金属丝，且可调节机构使得可以调节颈部的张紧力。用户通过前后移动头部来锻炼颈部。
这种解决方案有一些问题和缺点。一个问题是该装置需要背在背后。这是一个只能在用户站立时使用的庞大且笨重的装置。另一个问题是只能通过前后倾斜头部来锻炼颈部。这导致颈部只能在一个方向上得到锻炼。还有一个问题是该装置使用约束动作来锻炼颈部。这增加了与锻炼有关的损伤的危险。
FR 3005582 A1也描述了一种旨在帮助治疗颈部相关损伤的装置。该装置也用于被背在用户的背上。在该装置中，头部的后部搁置在托架上。通过将头部推向托架来锻炼颈部。
该解决方案的问题与US 2010292051 A1大致相同。该装置只能在用户站立时使用，且其庞大且笨重，只能在一个方向上锻炼颈部，并且在颈部使用约束动作，这增加了损伤的危险。
发明内容
因此，如权利要求所述，本发明的目的是解决上述问题。
本发明通过使用很少的张力或不使用张力来锻炼头部和颈部来解决这些问题，并且还沿着固定的一组轴线分离出头部和颈部的运动。因此，可以一次锻炼头部和颈部围绕一条运动轴线的动作以及动作范围。该装置是为了在患者躺在像地板这样的平坦坚硬表面上时使用。该装置的基部搁置在地板上，并且一端具有用于颈部的支撑件。此外，还有一个托架附接到该装置的上部。这个托架支持头部，并且在休息时为患者提供全方位的动作。该托架经由一组滑轮和接头附接到上部结构。这些滑轮和接头允许用户围绕几个轴线移动头部和颈部。
因此，本发明解决了使用一种装置锻炼头部和颈部的问题，其中可以使用没有张力或没有受控量的张力的运动，并且进一步一次围绕一条运动轴线来锻炼动作范围。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例的透视图。
图2是本发明第一实施例的侧视图，示出了如何分离出头部和颈部沿第一轴线的动作，进一步示出了围绕该轴线的动作范围如何被控制。
图3是本发明第一实施例的前视图，示出了如何分离出头部和颈部沿第二轴线的动作。
图4是本发明第一实施例的俯视图，示出了如何分离出头部和颈部沿着第三轴线的动作。
图5a-5c示出了本发明的不同的实施例。
图6是本发明的另一实施例的侧视图，示出了通过使用金属线中的张力或装置的柔性来锻炼颈部肌肉的可能性。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明第一实施例的透视图。
本发明是一种用于锻炼人的头部和颈部的装置，且无需使用张力或使用受控量的张力。本发明的另一目的是给用户一次分离出头部和颈部围绕一条运动轴线的运动的能力。
该装置包括基部1。在基部1的第一端，可以附接颈部支撑件2。颈部支撑件2可以是缓冲垫的形式。在基部1的第二端中，至少一个连接元件3将基部1连接到装置的上部。颈部支撑件2可以沿着颈部上下移动并且提供运动的固定，使得轴线运动变得更具体。
上部具有伸长的形状，伸长与基部1大致相同的长度。它可以在端部处向下弯曲。
装置的基部1、连接元件3和上部4限定至少足够大以容纳人头的空间。
托架5连接到装置的上部4。托架5为用户头部提供倚靠和支持。托架5具有围绕头后部的带。另一个带绕过头顶。这两个带为头部提供支持，并且使用户能够让他们的头部置于上面。两条带在头的每一侧会合。在每个会合点处，托架5连接到金属丝9、绳索或类似物。金属丝9或绳索从第一附接点6通过金属丝9或绳索与装置的上部4之间的连接点并延伸到第二附接点6。
金属丝9与托架5之间的附接点6可以是接头。这些接头允许托架5围绕被限定为穿过两个附接点6的中心的轴线旋转。该运动使得可以围绕第一轴线移动头部和颈部。该第一轴线位于颅骨和第一椎骨之间。该运动被限定为像点头动作一样上下移动头部。
金属丝9或绳索与装置的上部4之间的连接点可以优选为滚动元件，如滑轮8或轮子。该滑轮8或轮子允许头部和颈部围绕第二轴线运动。该第二轴线被限定为平行于通过滑轮8或轮子的中心的轴线。这条轴线允许用户将头部以从一边到另一边的旋转运动方式从一边运动到另一边，就像说“不，不”的身体语言一样。就像颤抖的动作一样。该运动轴线以第一和第二椎骨为中心。
可替代地，连接点可以是金属丝9或绳索可以以尽可能低的摩擦力在其中滑动的轨道。
金属丝9或绳索与装置的上部4之间的连接点可以附接到可滑动机构7。该可滑动机构7允许用户调节金属丝9相对于第三轴线的角度。该可滑动机构7允许用户将运动瞄准某些椎骨，尤其是第三至第七椎骨的运动。
滚动元件优选地经由接头安装到机构的上部4。该接头可以分离出头部和颈部围绕第三轴线的运动。该轴线被限定为从脸部到头后部穿过头的中心。随着滑动机构沿着上部4移动，轴线的中心沿着颈部向下移动。围绕该轴线的动作使得头部从一侧倾斜到另一侧。
图2是本发明第一实施例的侧视图，示出如何分离出头部和颈部沿第一轴线的动作。紧固螺钉位于装置的上部4的顶部。该紧固螺钉可以将可滑动机构7锁定在某个位置。
箭头A表示如何调节金属丝9相对于第三轴线的角度。该可滑动机构7允许用户将运动瞄准某些椎骨。当附接部向外移动时，用于头侧偏的轴线沿着颈部向下移动。
图3是本发明第一实施例的前视图。在此示出的装置中，人将头部置于托架5中。在顶部，设置了能够将可滑动机构7锁定在特定位置的紧固螺钉。可滑动机构7被附接到滑轮8或轮子上。滑轮8或轮子随着金属丝9或绳索从一侧被拉到另一侧而旋转。金属丝9或绳索的每端都附接到托架5。当用户以摇动运动将头部从一边移动到另一边时，金属丝9或绳索使滑轮8或轮子转动。这允许头围绕第二轴线运动。
图4是本发明第一实施例的俯视图，示出了如何分离出头部和颈部沿着第三轴线的运动。箭头B显示头部如何以倾斜动作从一侧移动到另一侧。这种动作确保围绕第三轴线的运动。此外，示出了如何将滑动机构7放置于在装置的上部4的一部分长度上延伸或上部4的全部长度上延伸的狭缝中。
狭缝仅仅是可滑动机构7如何沿装置的上部4的长度移动的示例。对于本领域技术人员来说，其它众多解决方案将是显而易见的。
此外，托架5也可以以其它几种方式制成，例如，作为一个完整的部件而不是两个不同的带。此外，也可以认为仅使用一条带而不是两条带。
可以将滚动元件以多种方式附接到上部4，并且也可以在滚动元件和上部结构之间连接绳索。
另外，对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，装置本身可以以多种方式构建。部件可以由管、杆、棒和板或类似物制成。装置的上部4与底部之间的连接元件3的数量也可以变化。甚至构成的装置的材料都可以变化，可以是金属、塑料、木材或其任何组合。根据装置的悬挂和灵活性，也可以使装置柔软或坚硬。
图5a-5c示出了本发明的不同实施例。在这些实施例中，金属线9或绳索与托架5之间是不同的附接点6s。有几种方式来解决托架5围绕穿过两个附接点6s的轴线的运动。
图5a显示了其中金属丝9或绳索被固定到托架5的实施例。该解决方案中的运动通过金属丝9或绳索的柔性来确保。
图5b示出了另一个实施例，其中附接点6中的运动通过金属丝9或绳被固定到接合元件上来确保。接合元件可旋转地附接到托架5。
图5c显示了在金属丝9或绳索与托架5之间的附接点6的又一个实施例。在该解决方案中，接合元件被固定到托架5，并且到金属丝9或绳索的附接点6可旋转。
图5d显示了另一个实施例，其中托架5用皮带连接到装置的上部4。
图6是本发明的第三实施例的侧视图。在该实施例中，通过向后拉头部来使用户锻炼颈部。这种动作可以通过使金属丝9或绳索具有柔性来实现。或者，该动作可以通过利用装置的柔性来实现。
当附接部向外移动时，上部4向下弯曲以保持从托架5到附接部的距离相对相同。这产生了锥形摆动运动。本发明是为了便于运动而制成的，但是阻力可以与滚动元件中的锁定和阻力相结合，并且使用在绳索中的柔性阻力。
支撑枕头被附接到下部元件，并且可以沿着颈部上下移动。它为颈部提供固定支撑以便为围绕轴线的运动提供更好的焦点。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于锻炼用户的颈部中肌肉组织和恢复用户的颈部中关节活动性的装置，其中所述装置包括：
基部，所述基部具有第一端；
上部，所述上部具有端部并且具有伸长的形状；
在所述上部和所述基部之间的连接部，其中所述上部、所述基部和所述连接部限定了用户头部能置于其中的空间；
附接到所述上部的托架，所述用户头部能置于所述托架中，所述托架具有第一附接点和第二附接点；以及
颈部支撑件，所述颈部支撑件附接在所述基部的第一端，
其中，所述托架经由相对于所述上部可滑动的滑动件附接到所述上部，所述上部在其端部处向下弯曲以在所述滑动件沿所述上部滑动时保持从托架到滑动件的距离大致恒定；以及
其中，绳索将所述第一附接点和所述第二附接点连接至附接到所述滑动件的轮子，以允许所述用户的头部和颈部围绕平行于所述轮子的旋转轴线的第一轴线的运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，当所述用户的头部置于所述托架中时，所述颈部支撑件相对于所述用户的颈部可上下移动以提供运动的固定，以具体化所述用户的头部和颈部的运动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，当所述用户的头部置于所述托架中时，所述托架在所述用户的头部的相对侧分别设有所述第一附接点和所述第二附接点，以允许所述用户的颈部和头部的围绕延伸穿过所述第一附接点和所述第二附接点的中心的第二轴线的运动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，当所述用户的头部置于所述托架中时，所述第二轴线位于所述用户的颅骨和第一椎骨之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，所述第一附接点和所述第二附接点中的每个包括接头。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，当所述用户的头部置于所述托架中时，所述第一轴线以所述用户的第一椎骨和第二椎骨为中心。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述滑动件通过接头被连接到连接点以允许所述用户的头部和颈部的围绕第三轴线的运动，所述第三轴线从所述用户的脸部到所述用户的头后部穿过所述用户的头部的中心。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述滑动件为可调节的以调节托架和上部之间相对于轴线的角度，所述轴线从所述用户的脸部到所述用户的头后部穿过所述用户的头部的中心，以将所述用户的头部和颈部的运动瞄准到所述用户的某些椎骨。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，所述用户的头部和颈部的运动被瞄准到第三椎骨到第七椎骨。
10.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述装置的所述上部中的狭缝允许所述滑动件沿着所述上部的长度的一部分或全部长度移动。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述滑动件能够通过紧固螺钉而在所述狭缝的任何点处固定在适当位置。
12.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述用户的颈部和头部的围绕第二轴线的运动包括在点头动作中头部的运动。
13.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其中，所述用户的头部和颈部的围绕所述第一轴线的运动包括在“不，不”的颤抖动作中头部从一侧到另一侧的旋转运动。
14.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，金属丝将所述第一附接点和所述第二附接点连接至附接到所述滑动件的轮子，以允许所述用户的头部和颈部围绕平行于所述轮子的旋转轴线的第一轴线的运动。
15.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，绳索将所述第一附接点和所述第二附接点连接至附接到所述滑动件的滑轮，以允许所述用户的头部和颈部围绕平行于所述滑轮的旋转轴线的第一轴线的运动。
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CA2999421A1 (en) 2017-03-30
AU2016327434B2 (en) 2019-06-27
BR112018005523A2 (pt) 2018-10-09
EP3352721A1 (en) 2018-08-01
ES2760953T3 (es) 2020-05-18
WO2017052382A1 (en) 2017-03-30
EA034480B1 (ru) 2020-02-12

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