CN108130727A - 一种金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物。本发明采用磁控溅射真空沉积方法，在织物表面沉积复合膜层，所述的复合膜层由一层介质层，一层金属银膜层，一层金属铜膜层，一层金属钛膜层和一层保护层组成。其中金属铜膜层主要贡献了金黄色的颜色，屏蔽红外热辐射的低辐射效果主要是金属银膜层和金属铜膜层的作用。本发明可以快速、大规模使所有纺织物具有屏蔽红外热辐射功能，达到更好的保暖和隔热效果。而且磁控溅射真空镀膜没有任何的化学添加、水污染或空气污染的问题，是环境友好型生产方式。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于创新纺织品领域，是一种金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物。
背景技术
热量主要通过三种途径向外传播：热传递、对流和红外热辐射。冬季天气寒冷时，衣物保暖的途径是将皮肤与空气隔绝起来，减少对流损失热量；以及通过填充棉花或羽绒等方式储存空气，利用空气的隔热性能减少热传递的损失，而对于第三种，人体的红外热辐射，现有的织物都没有很好的防护效果；而夏季天气炎热时，人们只能靠减少衣物，增加皮肤与空气的接触，来降低身体热量，但是对于太阳光中占太阳能量46％的红外辐射，以及周围高温环境的红外辐射，现有的织物都没有很好的屏蔽效果。因此，在织物表面涂覆一种具有红外反射功能的膜层，能够使织物在冬季寒冷天气减少热量损失，而在夏季隔绝太阳和周围环境的红外热辐射。这种织物会成为一种可以被广泛应用的保暖及隔热新解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种金黄色的屏蔽红外辐射的织物，使所有纺织产品能够对红外辐射具有较强的阻挡性能。使用这种织物制成的衣服，将达到更好的保暖及隔热效果。这种具有反射红外热辐射的膜层中，都会含有至少一层导电性很好的金属层，如银层。而为了使外观颜色呈现金黄色，在膜层中要加入一层金属铜。
本发明的金黄色的屏蔽红外辐射的织物，通过以下技术方案予以解决：
此金黄色的屏蔽红外辐射的织物，以织物为基底。织物经过以下步骤：
(1)对织物进行前期处理以清除织物表面污垢；
(2)对织物进行红外加热处理清除其蕴含的水气；
(3)织物进入真空区域，在其中一个表面沉积复合膜层，其特征在于：
所述步骤(3)的沉积复合膜层是使用真空磁控溅射方法；经过处理的织物通过卷绕牵引进入真空区域，其中一个表面在磁控溅射设备的溅射室自下而上逐层沉积复合膜层，依次为一层介质膜层，一层金属银膜层，一层铜膜层，一层镍铬膜层，最外层为一层保护膜层；
所述的溅射室内装配的靶材包括氧化钛陶瓷靶，金属钛靶，金属银靶，金属铜靶，金属锌靶，金属锡靶，合金锌锡靶，硅铝靶；
所述的溅射室内的沉积气氛，包括惰性气体氩气或氪气，反应气体氧气和氮气。
其中金色的外观颜色贡献主要来源于金属铜膜层；由于金属铜和金属银具有较好的导电性，所以能够实现对红外辐射的较高的反射，实现屏蔽红外热辐射的低辐射功能。其中金属膜层的厚度为0.1～100nm，即为纳米级膜层。
介质膜层在织物基底和最下层金属层之间，所用材料包括钛氧化物、锌氧化物、锡氧化物、硅氧化物和硅氮化物；保护膜层在整个膜层的最外层，所用的材料包括钛氧化物、硅氧化物、硅氮化物等结构致密，硬度较高的材料，以保护整个膜层。
上述磁控溅射真空沉积，是逐层生长介质膜层、金属银膜层、金属铜膜层、金属镍铬膜层和顶层保护膜层。其中氧化钛材料可以使用纯钛靶，氧气和氩气的混合比例为10∶90，或者使用氧化钛陶瓷靶材，氧气和氩气的混合比例为8∶92。氮化硅材料使用硅铝靶材，氩气和氮气的混合比例为1∶2。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的金黄色的屏蔽红外辐射的织物的截面示意图。
其中1为纺织物基底，2为介质层，3为金属银层，4为金属铜层，5为金属钛层，6为保护层。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的阐述。
实施例1：一种金黄色屏蔽红外热辐射的织物。
工艺参数表如表1：
表1
| 靶材 | 气体成分 | 溅射气压mtor | 膜层厚度nm |
| 钛靶 | 氧气∶氩气＝10∶90 | 3 | 22 |
| 银靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 13 |
| 铜靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 10 |
| 镍铬靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 3 |
| 硅铝靶 | 氩气∶氮气＝1∶2 | 3 | 105 |
所得制品的性能参数如下：
可见光反射率为55％，反射可见光的颜色为a*＝5，b*＝36，辐射率ε＝0.06。
实施例2：一种金黄色屏蔽红外热辐射的织物。
工艺参数表如表2：
表2
| 靶材 | 气体成分 | 溅射气压mtor | 膜层厚度nm |
| 钛靶 | 氧气∶氩气＝10∶90 | 3 | 4 |
| 银靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 4 |
| 铜靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 7 |
| 镍铬靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 4 |
| 硅铝靶 | 氩气∶氮气＝1∶2 | 3 | 113 |
所得制品的性能参数如下：
可见光反射率为52％，反射可见光的颜色为a*＝4.2，b*＝40，辐射率ε＝0.08。
实施例3：一种金黄色屏蔽红外热辐射的织物。
工艺参数表如表3：
表3
| 靶材 | 气体成分 | 溅射气压mtor | 膜层厚度nm |
| 氧化钛靶 | 氧气∶氩气＝8∶92 | 3 | 20 |
| 银靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 15 |
| 铜靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 9 |
| 镍铬靶 | 氩气 | 4 | 4 |
| 硅铝靶 | 氩气∶氮气＝1∶2 | 3 | 100 |
所得制品的性能参数如下：
可见光反射率为58％，反射可见光的颜色为a*＝5.5，b*＝39，辐射率ε＝0.05。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此技术的人士能够了解本发明内容并具体实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作出的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物，以织物为基片，所述织物单表面沉积有复合膜层，其特征在于：所述复合膜层包括三层金属膜层，一层介质膜层和一层保护膜层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物，其特征在于，所述的三层金属膜层，其中一层是银膜层，一层是铜膜层，一层是镍铬合金膜层，而且金属膜层的厚度为0.1～100nm，即纳米级薄膜。
3.根据权利要求1所述的金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物，其特征在于，所述介质膜层位于织物表面与最下面的金属膜层之间，包括钛氧化物膜层，锡氧化物膜层，锌氧化物膜层，锌锡氧化物膜层，硅氧化物膜层，硅氮化物膜层；所述介质膜层的厚度为1～60nm，优选的厚度为4～25nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物，其特征在于，所述的保护膜层包括钛氧化物膜层，锡氧化物膜层，锌氧化物膜层，锌锡氧化物膜层，硅氧化物膜层，硅氮化物膜层；所述的保护膜层厚度为1～150nm，优选的厚度为50～120nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的金黄色的屏蔽红外热辐射的织物，其特征在于，所述的复合膜层自下而上是氧化钛介质层，银膜层，铜膜层，钛膜层，氮化硅膜层。
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