CN108123076A - 一种防碰撞电池 - Google Patents

一种防碰撞电池 Download PDF

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CN108123076A
CN108123076A CN201611059977.6A CN201611059977A CN108123076A CN 108123076 A CN108123076 A CN 108123076A CN 201611059977 A CN201611059977 A CN 201611059977A CN 108123076 A CN108123076 A CN 108123076A
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陈福彦
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防碰撞电池,包括若干相互连接的电池单元,所述电池单元之间的连接为绝缘连接,电池单元之间设有吸能板,所述吸能板截面为矩形,所述吸能板为中空结构,所述电池单元的接线极通过碰撞断电装置与外接电路连接,碰撞断电装置与外接电路之间连有防水连接器。本发明的技术目的在于提供一种能够在汽车碰撞时,能够更加好地保护电池的防碰撞电池。

Description

一种防碰撞电池
技术领域
本发明涉及动力电池领域,特别是涉及一种汽车的防碰撞电池。
背景技术
新能源汽车能够减少对城市环境的污染,并且能够降低噪音,利用再生能源,但是随着新能源电动汽车的销售量日益增加,汽车在碰撞时发生多起起火事故,对乘车人员的危害极大,使得很多的潜在购买新能源电动汽车的消费者由于过于对安全问题的担忧,而转向购买采用传统动力的内燃机汽车,导致新能源电动汽车的普及步伐更加缓慢,解决污染严重的空气也变得更加困难。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题,本发明的技术目的在于提供一种能够在汽车碰撞时,能够更加好地保护电池的防碰撞电池。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
本发明的防碰撞电池,包括若干相互连接的电池单元,所述电池单元之间的连接为绝缘连接,电池单元之间设有吸能板,所述吸能板截面为矩形,所述吸能板为中空结构,所述电池单元的接线极通过碰撞断电装置与外接电路连接,碰撞断电装置与外接电路之间连有防水连接器。
本发明的防碰撞电池,所述吸能板与电池单元的外壁之间填充有导热的弹性层,所述弹性层的厚度为1~5mm。
本发明的防碰撞电池,所述碰撞断电装置包括盒体、进电线、出电线及球体,所述盒体的底部设有进电线,进电线连有设于盒体内的支柱,支柱的下部可伸缩安装在盒体内,支柱靠近盒体的一端铰接安装在盒体内,支柱的另一端设有球体,盒体的顶部设有出电线,盒体的顶部为球面,出电线靠近球体的一端设有与球体接触配合安装的圆弧面,盒体壁与球体之间安装有压缩弹簧。
本发明的防碰撞电池,吸能板的中空结构内设有导热管,所述导热管内通有导热介质,所述导热管的进液口设有单向阀,导热管呈回折的U型布置纵横布置在吸能板的中空结构内。
本发明的防碰撞电池,电池组的外围设有散热管,所述散热管的外围设有若干散热片,所述散热管通过第一控制阀与导热管连接,散热管的出液口与导热管的进液口连接;导热管首尾相连,且其内设有循环泵,导热管上设有第二控制阀,所述第二控制阀设于导热管连有散热管的下游位置。
本发明的防碰撞电池,导热管的进液口处设有流量计及a温度传感器。
本发明的防碰撞电池,所述防水连接器包括绝缘体,出电线穿过绝缘体,出电线与绝缘体之间防水密封。
本发明的防碰撞电池,防水连接器与碰撞断电装置之间的导线设有分离元件,所述分离元件连有若干b温度传感器,所述b温度传感器均布设于电池单元之间用于检测电池外部的温度。
本发明的防碰撞电池,循环泵、a温度传感器、b温度传感器、流量计、分离元件、第一控制阀及第二控制阀分别与MCU连接,MCU还连有设于导热管内的加热装置。
本发明的防碰撞电池控制方法,包括以下步骤:
a、电池工作,控制第一控制阀关闭,第二控制阀打开,MCU控制循环泵工作以设定功率P1工作,a温度传感器测得的温度T,电机的工作功率为P=K▪T,K为功率系数,使得导热介质的温度处于设定的温度范围内;
b、在a步骤中,当a温度传感器测得的温度T大于T'时,T'为电池正常工作的温度,MCU控制第二控制阀打开,第一控制阀关闭,从而对导热介质进行散热;
c、在a或b步骤中,当b温度传感器测得的温度大于Tmax,Tmax为电池耐受温度,MCU控制分离元件分离,从而对电池进行保护;
d、当电池的温度低于设定的工作温度时,MCU控制加热装置对导热管内的导热介质进行加热,并控制循环泵运行,从而对电池单元加热到设定的工作温度。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、通过在电池单元之间设有吸能板,能够在发生碰撞时,对外界的碰撞能量进行吸收,从而提高对电池的保护能力,中空的结构的吸能板能够起到较好的吸能作用,并且重量增加很小,设有的碰撞断电装置能够在汽车发生碰撞时,能够避免导线的绝缘层被破坏,从而切断电路,这种碰撞断电装置,可靠性更高,从而避免短路引起火灾,提高对电池及整车的安全系数;
2、通过在吸能板内设有通有导热介质的导热管,导热介质能够在电池没有超出设定温度时,导热介质能够保持电池组内部与外部的电池单元温度一致,减低电池的衰减,并且使得电池的衰减一致,当电池单元的温度过低时,控制加热装置对导热介质进行加热,从而将电池单元的环境温度提升到最适于电池工作的温度,提高电池的使用寿命;
3、通过对电池的控制方法,能够对电池的温度进行控制,在温度过高或温度过低时均能够使得电池处于合适的环境温度,提高电池的寿命。
附图说明
图1是电池的局部结构示意图;
图2是碰撞断电装置的结构图。
图中标记:1为电池单元、2为吸能板、3为弹性层、4为碰撞断电装置、41为盒体、42为进电线、43为出电线、44为球体、45为压缩弹簧、46为支柱、5为防水连接器、6为导热管、7为散热管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作详细描述。
如图1及图2所示的防碰撞电池,包括若干相互连接的电池单元1,所述电池单元1之间的连接为绝缘连接,电池单元1之间设有吸能板2,吸能板可为泡沫金属,所述吸能板2截面为矩形,所述吸能板2为中空结构,所述电池单元1的接线极通过碰撞断电装置4与外接电路连接,碰撞断电装置4与外接电路之间连有防水连接器5。
所述吸能板2与电池单元的外壁之间填充有导热的弹性层3,所述弹性层3的厚度为1~5mm,弹性层最好为绝缘层,可为导热硅胶绝缘层。
所述碰撞断电装置4包括盒体41、进电线42、出电线43及球体44,所述盒体41的底部设有进电线42,进电线42连有设于盒体41内的支柱47,支柱靠近盒体41的一端铰接安装在盒体内,支柱46的下部可伸缩安装在盒体内,支柱46的另一端设有球体44,盒体41的顶部设有出电线43,盒体41的顶部为球面形,出电线43靠近球体44的一端设有与球体接触配合安装的圆弧面,盒体41壁与球体44之间安装有压缩弹簧45,可以设为当车辆受到减速加速度为最大制动加速度的2.2倍以上时,只有在车辆收到的碰撞加速度为最大制动加速度的2.2倍以上时,才有可能出现受损到需要将电路断开的情况,球体挣脱开出电线43,不与出电线接触,并且盒体41顶部为球面形,从而避免球体或支柱再次与出电线连接,从而自动将电路断开。
吸能板2的中空结构内设有导热管6,所述导热管内通有导热介质,所述导热管的进液口设有单向阀,导热管呈回折的U型布置纵横布置在吸能板2的中空结构内。
电池组的外围设有散热管7,所述散热管7的外围设有若干散热片,所述散热管7通过第一控制阀与导热管连接,散热管7的出液口与导热管的进液口连接;导热管首尾相连,且其内设有循环泵,导热管上设有第二控制阀,所述第二控制阀设于导热管连有散热管7的下游位置。导热管6的进液口处设有流量计及a温度传感器。
所述防水连接器5包括绝缘体,出电线穿过绝缘体,出电线与绝缘体之间防水密封。防水连接器5与碰撞断电装置4之间的导线设有分离元件,所述分离元件连有若干b温度传感器,所述b温度传感器均布设于电池单元之间用于检测电池外部的温度。分离元件可为机械分离元件,也可为烟火式分离元件。
循环泵、a温度传感器、b温度传感器、流量计、分离元件、第一控制阀及第二控制阀分别与MCU连接,MCU还连有设于导热管内的加热装置。
防碰撞电池控制方法,包括以下步骤:
a、电池工作,控制第一控制阀关闭,第二控制阀打开,MCU控制循环泵工作以设定功率P1工作,a温度传感器测得的温度T,电机的工作功率为P=K▪T,K为功率系数,使得导热介质的温度处于设定的温度范围内;
b、在a步骤中,当a温度传感器测得的温度T大于T'时,T'为电池正常工作的温度,MCU控制第二控制阀打开,第一控制阀关闭,从而对导热介质进行散热;
c、在a或b步骤中,当b温度传感器测得的温度大于Tmax,Tmax为电池耐受温度,MCU控制分离元件分离,从而对电池进行保护;
d、当电池的温度低于设定的工作温度时,MCU控制加热装置对导热管内的导热介质进行加热,并控制循环泵运行,从而对电池单元加热到设定的工作温度。
上述控制方法中,能够在电池单元内部的电池热量散发出来,使得整个电池组能够保持在一个稳定的温度,并且每个电池单元的温度大概均相等,从而能够提高电池的寿命,并且能够使得电池管理系统更加准确地判断电池内的电池量及电池容量变化情况,在电池单元的温度较高时,通过将导热介质通入到散热管中,从而能够使得电池的可靠性更高,电池能够及时散热。

Claims (10)

1.一种防碰撞电池,其特征在于,包括若干相互连接的电池单元(1),所述电池单元(1)之间的连接为绝缘连接,电池单元(1)之间设有吸能板(2),所述吸能板(2)截面为矩形,所述吸能板(2)为中空结构,所述电池单元(1)的接线极通过碰撞断电装置(4)与外接电路连接,碰撞断电装置(4)与外接电路之间连有防水连接器(5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,所述吸能板(2)与电池单元的外壁之间填充有导热的弹性层(3),所述弹性层(3)的厚度为1~5mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,所述碰撞断电装置(4)包括盒体(41)、进电线(42)、出电线(43)及球体(44),所述盒体(41)的底部设有进电线(42),进电线(42)连有设于盒体(41)内的支柱(47),支柱46的下部可伸缩安装在盒体内,支柱靠近盒体(41)的一端铰接安装在盒体内,支柱(46)的另一端设有球体(44),盒体(41)的顶部设有出电线(43),盒体(41)的顶部为球面形,出电线(43)靠近球体(44)的一端设有与球体接触配合安装的圆弧面,盒体(41)壁与球体(44)之间安装有压缩弹簧(45)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,吸能板(2)的中空结构内设有导热管(6),所述导热管内通有导热介质,所述导热管的进液口设有单向阀,导热管呈回折的U型布置纵横布置在吸能板(2)的中空结构内。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,电池组的外围设有散热管(7),所述散热管(7)的外围设有若干散热片,所述散热管(7)通过第一控制阀与导热管连接,散热管(7)的出液口与导热管的进液口连接;导热管首尾相连,且其内设有循环泵,导热管上设有第二控制阀,所述第二控制阀设于导热管连有散热管(7)的下游位置。
6.根据权利要求4所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,导热管(6)的进液口处设有流量计及a温度传感器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,所述防水连接器(5)包括绝缘体,出电线穿过绝缘体,出电线与绝缘体之间防水密封。
8.根据权利要求6所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,防水连接器(5)与碰撞断电装置(4)之间的导线设有分离元件,所述分离元件连有若干b温度传感器,所述b温度传感器均布设于电池单元之间用于检测电池外部的温度。
9.根据权利要求8所述的防碰撞电池,其特征在于,循环泵、a温度传感器、b温度传感器、流量计、分离元件、第一控制阀及第二控制阀分别与MCU连接,MCU还连有设于导热管内的加热装置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的防碰撞电池控制方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
a、电池工作,控制第一控制阀关闭,第二控制阀打开,MCU控制循环泵工作以设定功率P1工作,a温度传感器测得的温度T,电机的工作功率为P=K▪T,K为功率系数,使得导热介质的温度处于设定的温度范围内;
b、在a步骤中,当a温度传感器测得的温度T大于T'时,T'为电池正常工作的温度,MCU控制第二控制阀打开,第一控制阀关闭,从而对导热介质进行散热;
c、在a或b步骤中,当b温度传感器测得的温度大于Tmax,Tmax为电池耐受温度,MCU控制分离元件分离,从而对电池进行保护;
d、当电池的温度低于设定的工作温度时,MCU控制加热装置对导热管内的导热介质进行加热,并控制循环泵运行,从而对电池单元加热到设定的工作温度。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109728217A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-07 中山大学 具有阻燃、防爆功能的高能量、高功率密度锂电池系统
CN109888429A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-06-14 南京航空航天大学 一种负泊松比防撞控温一体化电池系统及其控制方法
CN112026538A (zh) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-04 李晓晓 一种用于新能源汽车的电池料架
WO2023071099A1 (zh) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 加热装置、电池及用电设备

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109728217A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-05-07 中山大学 具有阻燃、防爆功能的高能量、高功率密度锂电池系统
CN109888429A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-06-14 南京航空航天大学 一种负泊松比防撞控温一体化电池系统及其控制方法
CN112026538A (zh) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-04 李晓晓 一种用于新能源汽车的电池料架
WO2023071099A1 (zh) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 加热装置、电池及用电设备

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