CN108120495B - Wind turbine generator system vibration state monitoring system based on wireless network - Google Patents
Wind turbine generator system vibration state monitoring system based on wireless network Download PDFInfo
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- CN108120495B CN108120495B CN201711460932.4A CN201711460932A CN108120495B CN 108120495 B CN108120495 B CN 108120495B CN 201711460932 A CN201711460932 A CN 201711460932A CN 108120495 B CN108120495 B CN 108120495B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/003—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines
- G01H1/006—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines of the rotor of turbo machines
Abstract
The invention provides a wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on a wireless network, and relates to the technical field of wind turbine generator vibration monitoring. The system comprises a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmission unit, a data processing and fault diagnosis unit and a remote fault diagnosis unit; the data acquisition unit of each wind turbine acquires and processes vibration signals on a transmission chain of the wind turbine, and then data communication is carried out between the wireless transmission unit and the data processing and fault diagnosis unit, the wireless transmission network adopts a mode of combining a backbone network and a subnet, the data processing and fault diagnosis unit carries out comprehensive analysis and diagnosis on real-time data and historical data of each wind turbine according to a control strategy preset by a system, and the remote fault diagnosis unit realizes remote fault diagnosis. The invention can effectively avoid network congestion for the wind turbine generator which is put into operation but not installed with vibration state monitoring, improve the state monitoring efficiency of the wind turbine generator, reduce the monitoring intensity and avoid accidents and damages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine generator vibration monitoring, in particular to a wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on a wireless network.
Background
Blades, a gear box and other transmission parts of the wind generating set operate in extreme natural environments such as high temperature, severe cold, salt fog, plateau and the like all year round, and a cabin is located at high altitude and is inconvenient to maintain. If the wind turbine generator state monitoring and fault diagnosis technology is adopted, the fault shutdown can be changed into the planned shutdown, the accident expansion can be avoided by reducing the shutdown, and the enterprise gradually transits to the preventive maintenance based on the state monitoring for the maintenance management of the equipment in fault maintenance and planned maintenance. The method has the advantages of ensuring safe and reliable operation of the wind turbine generator, improving the management modernization level of enterprise equipment, timely finding defects of mechanical structure design and unreasonable part selection while diagnosing faults, and providing a practical and reliable basis for the optimization design of the equipment.
For the wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system, the sampling frequency required by each measuring point is high, the data precision is high, the real-time performance is strong, and therefore the formed data volume is large. For an early wind power plant, the optical fiber ring network has few links and low link throughput, while the spare communication links are few, even partial branch optical fibers are damaged and spare optical fibers are not available. If the vibration state monitoring system of the wind turbine generator is directly incorporated into the optical fiber ring network, part of high-capacity data easily cause link congestion in the real-time monitoring process, and the link congestion can cause great harm to the remote monitoring of the wind turbine generator. If the optical fiber looped network is laid again, the construction difficulty is high, the period is long, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on a wireless network, which is mainly used for a double-fed wind turbine generator, and is used for carrying out data transmission on a wind turbine generator which is put into operation but is not provided with vibration state monitoring in a networking mode of a wireless communication technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on a wireless network comprises a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmission unit and a data processing and fault diagnosis unit;
the data acquisition unit comprises a vibration sensor module, a comprehensive acquisition processing module and a miniature industrial personal computer, wherein the output end of the vibration sensor module is connected with the input end of the comprehensive acquisition processing module, and the output end of the comprehensive acquisition processing module is connected with the input end of the miniature industrial personal computer;
the vibration sensor module is arranged at a plurality of positions of a main shaft, a gear box and a generator on a transmission chain of the wind turbine generator and comprises an acceleration sensor, a sound sensor and a rotating speed sensor; the acceleration sensor comprises a low-frequency acceleration sensor and a medium-frequency acceleration sensor, wherein the low-frequency acceleration sensor is respectively arranged at the horizontal position of a front bearing of the main shaft, the axial position of a rear bearing of the main shaft and the horizontal position of a primary planetary gear of the gear box; the medium-frequency acceleration sensor is respectively arranged at the vertical position of a secondary planetary gear of the gear box, the axial position of a middle shaft of the gear box, the horizontal position of the output end of a high-speed shaft of the gear box, the horizontal position of a driving end of the generator and the horizontal position of a non-driving end of the generator; the sound sensors are respectively arranged at the bottom of the gear box and the engine room; the rotating speed sensor is arranged near a brake disc at the driving end of the generator;
the comprehensive acquisition processing module comprises one or more synchronous data acquisition cards and a photoelectric conversion module which are arranged in a cabin, the synchronous data acquisition cards are connected with the miniature industrial personal computer through the photoelectric conversion module and optical fibers, the synchronous acquisition cards are used for acquiring and processing signals of the vibration sensor, and the photoelectric converter is used for converting the optical fiber signals between the synchronous data acquisition cards and the miniature industrial personal computer to jointly complete reliable transmission of the signals of the vibration sensor;
the micro industrial personal computer is installed at the bottom of a tower, the micro industrial personal computer is connected with the comprehensive acquisition and processing module through optical fibers, a monitoring software program I and a database I are stored in the micro industrial personal computer, and the functions of the micro industrial personal computer executed by executing the program I comprise that the vibration sensor module and the comprehensive acquisition and processing module are controlled to monitor the vibration state of the wind turbine generator in real time, the monitored data are analyzed and stored in real time, meanwhile, alarm thresholds of different levels are set through characteristic parameters such as a peak value, an effective value, a kurtosis value, a peak factor, a pulse factor, a crest factor and a factor, and when the measured value of a certain sensor which is acquired exceeds the set alarm threshold, alarm information and partial data before and after alarm are sent to the data processing and fault diagnosis unit according to a control strategy;
the data acquisition unit and the data processing and fault diagnosis unit of each wind turbine generator set are in data communication through a specific wireless transmission unit;
the data processing and fault diagnosis unit comprises a set of servers arranged in a wind power plant control center, the set of servers receives and processes data returned by a miniature industrial personal computer in each wind turbine generator, the running state and the communication state of each wind turbine generator are synchronously monitored through a DataSocket technology, and real-time data and historical data of each wind turbine generator are comprehensively analyzed and diagnosed according to a control strategy preset by a system; the set of servers comprises an application server, a backup server, a database server, a fault diagnosis server and a WEB server; the application server is internally provided with a second wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring software program which can synchronously interact with the first monitoring software program in the miniature industrial personal computer of each wind turbine generator, and when the second monitoring software program is executed, the system can realize the functions of monitoring the running state of each wind turbine generator, including running, stopping and early warning conditions, monitoring the signal intensity, throughput and connection conditions of a wireless network, executing the control strategy of the whole system and modifying the parameters of the data acquisition unit of each wind turbine generator; the backup server is responsible for the redundancy of the application server and prevents the application server from being failed to influence the whole system; the database server is responsible for storing partial data of each wind turbine generator transmitted through the wireless transmission network and is used for fault diagnosis of the system; the fault diagnosis server is internally provided with a first fault diagnosis software program, and when the first fault diagnosis software program is executed, the fault diagnosis server has the function of carrying out detailed map analysis on the fault of each wind generation set according to partial data of each wind generation set in the database server;
the monitoring software program II in the server of the wind power plant control center also comprises a data recording function, when the monitoring system cannot correctly transmit data due to network faults, historical data recording is carried out, and the historical record can be found after normal transmission;
the wireless transmission unit comprises a plurality of wireless transmitting terminals, a plurality of wireless relay modules and a plurality of wireless receiving terminals; the miniature industrial personal computer is in bidirectional wireless connection with the wireless transmitting terminals through multimode fibers or an outdoor shielding network cable, the acquired data are input into the wireless transmission unit for wireless transmission, each wireless transmitting terminal is in bidirectional wireless connection with the wireless receiving terminal through a wireless transmission network through the relay of the wireless relay module, and the wireless receiving terminal is in bidirectional connection with the data processing and fault diagnosis unit through the multimode fibers or the outdoor shielding network cable;
the wireless transmitting terminal is arranged in an area near the wind turbine generator, is attached with a high-gain directional antenna and is used for transmitting the synchronous data of the data acquisition unit; the wireless relay module is arranged in the central area of the wind turbine generators, is additionally provided with an omnidirectional antenna and a dual-polarized plate-shaped antenna and is used for receiving signals of the wind turbine generators in a link, simultaneously relaying the wireless signals from one relay point to the next relay point and forming a new wireless coverage area to form a plurality of wireless relay coverage point relay modes; the wireless receiving terminal is arranged in the area near the control center of the wind power plant, is additionally provided with a cutting grid-shaped parabolic antenna and is used for finally transmitting signals of the wind power generation sets to the data processing and fault diagnosis unit;
the wireless transmission network adopts a mode of combining a backbone network and a subnet, and is completely independent of the original optical fiber ring network of the wind power plant, wherein the backbone network is responsible for data remote transmission, and the subnet is responsible for local data aggregation, so that the wireless coverage range is expanded in a relay mode;
according to different wind turbine generator position distribution conditions, correspondingly adopting different wireless network transmission models, specifically comprising a single-hop network model, a multi-hop network plane structure model and a multi-hop network layered structure model; for a wind turbine generator within a visible range of 10 kilometers from a wind power plant control center, a single-hop network model is adopted, specifically, an AP (Access Point) and Client combined mode is adopted, and a wireless relay module is not used in the model; for wind turbines which are uniformly distributed and are more than 5 kilometers away from a wind power plant control center or wind turbines in a close-distance non-visible range, a plane structure model of a multi-hop network is adopted, and a Mesh-only mode is specifically adopted; for a wind turbine generator which is more than 10 kilometers away from a wind power plant control center, a layered structure model of a multi-hop network is adopted, and a Mesh-AP mode or a wireless network bridge mode is specifically adopted;
the wireless network transmission models are all based on a clustering method, wind turbines are formed into different clusters according to different principles, clustering is performed periodically, each cluster is provided with a cluster head wind turbine and a plurality of cluster member wind turbines, the cluster member wind turbines in the clusters are basic units for completing information acquisition, and the cluster head wind turbines are responsible for collecting information in the clusters and exchange information with other clusters to form a hierarchical structure of subnet collection and main network remote transmission; data transmission is carried out in each cluster and among the related clusters according to a control strategy preset by a system;
the control strategy comprises the following steps: when the wind turbine generator normally operates, certain real-time data are sent between the wind turbine generator in each cluster and a server of a wind power plant control center at regular time according to time difference; when a certain wind turbine generator set has a fault early warning, the early warning data of the wind turbine generator set is preferentially sent; if a plurality of wind turbine generators in the same cluster perform early warning at the same time, respectively performing data transmission and sending a control request command according to a priority rule preset by monitoring software; when data transmission between the wind turbine generator and a server of the wind power plant control center enters an idle period or the data volume in a communication link is small, data which are not sent before are reissued; when a server of a wind power plant control center preferentially checks the operation condition and real-time data of a certain wind turbine, preferentially transmitting the real-time data of the wind turbine; when a plurality of units in the association cluster generate fault early warning at the same time, the association cluster needs to be re-planned according to the fault priority and the number of the units of the association link;
the system also comprises a remote fault diagnosis unit, wherein a set of servers of the data processing and fault diagnosis unit also comprises a WEB server which is responsible for remote access of the system and is convenient for experts to carry out remote fault diagnosis; the remote fault diagnosis unit is connected with a WEB server of a wind power plant control center through an external network router of the wind power plant to realize internet communication between the remote fault diagnosis unit and the WEB server, a fault diagnosis software program II is installed in the remote fault diagnosis unit, and when the fault diagnosis software program II is executed, the functions realized by the remote fault diagnosis unit comprise: partial data of the data processing and fault diagnosis unit is exported and transmitted to a remote diagnosis center, the vibration state of the wind turbine generator is subjected to off-line fault location through various map analyses, database and knowledge base data, and finally a maintenance scheme is given out to realize remote fault diagnosis.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on the wireless network is mainly used for a double-fed wind turbine generator, and the adopted wireless transmission network is completely independent from the original optical fiber ring network of a wind power plant and does not influence each other; the capacity of the data can be unlimited, network congestion can be effectively avoided by reasonably arranging network access data, the state monitoring efficiency of the wind turbine generator is improved, and the monitoring intensity is reduced; after the monitoring data are transmitted to the wind power plant control center server from the wind power generation set, the monitoring data can be directly transmitted to the remote diagnosis center through the internet, a wind power generation set data acquisition terminal, the wind power plant control center vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis server and the remote intercommunication between the remote vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis server and the wind power plant control center can be realized, so that the original data can be checked in time according to the fault diagnosis requirement, the wind power generation set data acquisition unit and the wind power plant control center vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis unit are adjusted remotely, and accidents and damages are avoided by monitoring faults. The method provides a good platform for development and debugging of the vibration state monitoring and fault diagnosis system of the whole wind turbine generator system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a topology diagram of a single-hop network model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an ad hoc network (Mesh) topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a plan structure model topology diagram of a multi-hop network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a topology diagram of a multi-hop network hierarchical model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on a wireless network includes a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmission unit, a data processing and fault diagnosis unit, and a remote fault diagnosis unit.
The data acquisition unit comprises a vibration sensor module, a comprehensive acquisition and processing module and a miniature industrial personal computer and is responsible for acquisition, processing, storage, early warning and judgment of vibration state monitoring data of a single wind turbine generator.
Different vibration sensors are arranged at a plurality of positions on a main shaft, a gear box, a generator and other transmission chains of the wind turbine generator, wherein the vibration sensors comprise a low-frequency acceleration sensor, a medium-frequency acceleration sensor, a sound sensor and a rotating speed sensor. The low-frequency acceleration sensor is respectively arranged at the horizontal position of a front bearing of the main shaft, the axial position of a rear bearing of the main shaft and the horizontal position of a primary planetary gear of the gear box; the medium-frequency acceleration sensor is respectively arranged at the vertical position of a secondary planetary gear of the gear box, the axial position of a middle shaft of the gear box, the horizontal position of the output end of a high-speed shaft of the gear box, the horizontal position of a driving end of the generator and the horizontal position of a non-driving end of the generator; the sound sensors are respectively arranged at the bottom of the gear box and the engine room; the rotating speed sensor is arranged near a brake disc at the driving end of the generator.
The comprehensive acquisition processing module comprises one or more synchronous data acquisition cards and a photoelectric conversion module which are arranged in the engine room, the synchronous data acquisition cards are connected with the miniature industrial personal computer through the photoelectric conversion module and optical fibers, the synchronous acquisition cards are used for acquiring and processing signals of the vibration sensor, and the photoelectric converter is used for converting the optical fiber signals between the synchronous data acquisition cards and the miniature industrial personal computer to jointly complete reliable transmission of the signals of the vibration sensor.
In order to conveniently debug and maintain the data acquisition unit, a miniature industrial personal computer is installed at the bottom of the tower, the miniature industrial personal computer is connected with the comprehensive acquisition processing module through optical fibers, a monitoring software program I and a database I are stored in the miniature industrial personal computer, the functions executed by the miniature industrial personal computer by executing the program I comprise controlling the vibration sensor module and the comprehensive acquisition processing module to monitor the vibration state of the wind turbine generator in real time, analyzing and storing the monitoring data in real time, and setting alarm thresholds of different levels through characteristic parameters such as peak value, effective value, kurtosis value, peak value factor, pulse factor, crest factor and margin factor. And if the measured value of a certain sensor exceeds a set alarm threshold value, sending alarm information and partial data before and after alarm to a server of the wind power plant control center according to a control strategy preset by the system.
The data processing and fault diagnosis unit comprises a set of servers installed in a wind power plant control center, and the plurality of servers cooperate together and are used for receiving and processing data returned by the industrial personal computers in the wind power generation sets. The running state and the communication state of each wind turbine are synchronously monitored through a DataSocket technology, and real-time data and historical data of each wind turbine are comprehensively analyzed and diagnosed according to a control strategy of a system. The set of servers comprises an application server, a backup server, a database server, a fault diagnosis server and a WEB server. The application server is internally provided with a second wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring software program which can synchronously interact with the first monitoring software program in the miniature industrial personal computer of each wind turbine generator, and when the second monitoring software program is executed, the system can realize the functions of monitoring the running state of each wind turbine generator, including running, stopping and early warning conditions, monitoring the signal intensity, throughput and connection conditions of a wireless network, executing the control strategy of the whole system and modifying the parameters of the data acquisition unit of each wind turbine generator; the backup server is responsible for the redundancy of the application server and prevents the application server from being failed to influence the whole system; the database server is responsible for storing partial data of each wind turbine generator transmitted through the wireless transmission network and is used for fault diagnosis of the system; the fault diagnosis server is internally provided with a first fault diagnosis software program, and when the first fault diagnosis software program is executed, the fault diagnosis server has the function of carrying out detailed map analysis on the fault of each wind generation set according to partial data of each wind generation set in the database server; the WEB server is responsible for remote access of the system, and is convenient for experts to carry out remote fault diagnosis. In order to improve the overall stability of the monitoring system and ensure that some important real-time parameters are recorded, a data recording function is added into monitoring software of a server of a wind power plant control center, so that when the monitoring system has network faults and cannot correctly transmit data, historical data recording is carried out, and the historical records can be found after normal transmission.
And the miniature industrial personal computers of the wind turbine generators and the servers of the data processing and fault diagnosis units are in data communication through the wireless transmission units and by adopting a specific wireless transmission network.
The wireless transmission network adopts a mode of combining a backbone network and a subnet, and is completely independent from the original optical fiber ring network of the wind power plant, wherein the backbone network is responsible for data remote transmission, the subnet is responsible for local data convergence, and wireless coverage can be expanded by a relay mode, so that wireless network roaming is achieved, and the problem of multi-unit remote transmission is solved.
The wireless transmission unit comprises a plurality of wireless transmitting terminals, a plurality of wireless relay modules and a plurality of wireless receiving terminals. The miniature industrial personal computer is in bidirectional wireless connection with the wireless transmitting terminals through multimode fibers or an outdoor shielding network cable, the acquired data are input into the wireless transmission unit for wireless transmission, each wireless transmitting terminal is in bidirectional wireless connection with the wireless receiving terminal through the specific wireless transmission network through the relay of the wireless relay module, and the wireless receiving terminal is in bidirectional connection with the data processing and fault diagnosis unit through the multimode fibers or the outdoor shielding network cable.
The wireless transmitting terminals are installed in the area near the wind turbine generator and are attached with high-gain directional antennas, and one wind turbine generator corresponds to one wireless transmitting terminal and is used for transmitting the synchronous data preprocessed in the miniature industrial personal computer in the tower footing. The wireless relay module is arranged in the central area of the wind turbine generators, is additionally provided with an omnidirectional antenna and a dual-polarized plate-shaped antenna (horizontal lobe is 120 degrees), and is used for receiving signals of the wind turbine generators in a link, simultaneously transmitting the wireless signals from one relay point to the next relay point in a relay manner, and forming a new wireless coverage area, so that a plurality of wireless relay coverage point connection modes are formed, and finally the purpose of extending the coverage area of a wireless network is achieved. The wireless receiving terminal is installed in the area near the wind power plant control center, a cutting grid parabolic antenna is additionally arranged, and finally, signals of the wind generation sets are transmitted to the server group of the wind power plant control center.
In specific implementation, the wireless transmitting terminal, the wireless relay module and the wireless receiving terminal mainly adopt the types of ENH500, ENS500, ENH700 and ENH900 and additional omnidirectional antennas, polarized plate antennas, cutting grid parabolic antennas and the like.
According to different wind turbine generator position distribution conditions, different wireless network transmission models are adopted, wherein the wireless network transmission models comprise a single-hop network model, a plane structure of a multi-hop network and a layered structure of the multi-hop network, and the single-hop network model only comprises a wireless transmitting terminal and a wireless receiving terminal without using a wireless relay module.
In this embodiment, a clustering-based method is adopted to divide the whole wind farm area into a series of virtual cells, all wind turbines are used as nodes, the wind turbines are divided into corresponding cells according to geographical positions, and the state of the wind turbines in each turn is specified through a protocol. The wind turbines in the same cluster are only activated to sense the condition in the cell area, and other wind turbines enter a sleep state. In the normal transmission process, only a shortest path is established from a first source node (namely, a wireless transmitting terminal) to a sink node (namely, a wireless receiving terminal), other nodes are incrementally connected to the nearest node (namely, a wireless relay module) in an increment tree, and the number of path sharing is increased by continuously adjusting the position of the sink node, so that the data transmission amount during communication is minimized.
A plurality of wind turbine generators are formed into different clusters according to different principles, and each cluster is provided with a cluster head and a plurality of cluster members. The wind turbine generator in the cluster is a basic unit for completing information acquisition, and the cluster head is mainly responsible for collecting information in the cluster and exchanging information with other clusters, so that a hierarchical structure of subnet collection and main network remote transmission is formed.
For the wind turbine generator within a visual range of 10 kilometers from a wind power plant control center, a single-hop network model is adopted, and the networking mode is simple and quick. Generally, a combination of an AP (access point) and a Client is adopted, as shown in fig. 2, if too many clients are connected to the AP, link congestion and co-channel interference are easily caused.
For wind turbines distributed uniformly and located more than 5 km away from a wind farm control center or wind turbines located in a close distance and in a non-visible range, the amount of transmitted data must be reduced as much as possible and the transmission distance must be shortened in order to save energy and prolong the network lifetime. Therefore, this case employs a planar structure of a multi-hop network to realize data transmission. In a multi-hop network structure, a wireless transmitting terminal transmits acquired data to a wireless receiving terminal through one or more wireless relay modules, so that energy consumption required by communication is effectively reduced. In the plane structure, the roles played by all the wireless transmitting terminals in the networking process are the same, and the positions of all the wireless transmitting terminals are the same and have completely consistent functional characteristics. A common model is a Mesh ad-hoc network cellular network model, as shown in fig. 3, which has the advantages that a node not only can transmit and receive information, but also can act as a router to forward information to its neighboring nodes, and when a link of a node fails, other links can be automatically selected for data transmission. But as more nodes interconnect and the number of possible paths increases, the overall bandwidth also increases significantly. In data acquisition with data as a center, a sink node usually sends a query message to all nodes in a designated area in a flooding manner, only those nodes with query data respond to the sink node, and each node communicates with the sink node through a multi-hop path and enables other nodes in a network to perform relaying. When the wind turbine generator distribution area and the wind power plant control center are shielded by obstacles and cannot form line-of-sight transmission, a multi-hop network plane structure mode as shown in fig. 4 can be adopted. Firstly, data of a subnet are collected by a plurality of clusters, and then the data are forwarded through an independent wireless relay module.
For wind turbines distributed over 10 km, distributed dispersedly or in a close-range non-visible range, a layered structure of a multi-hop network may be adopted, as shown in fig. 5. In the hierarchical structure, wireless transmitting terminals are organized into a series of clusters, each cluster consisting of a plurality of member nodes and a cluster head node. The cluster members need to send their data to the cluster head first, and then the cluster head sends the data to the sink node. In this structure, the node with lower energy can process the data received by the cluster members as the cluster head and send the processed data to the sink node. The network structure not only can reduce the energy consumption of communication, but also can balance the service load among the nodes, improve the expandability of the network and better adapt to the change of the network scale. For the layered structure of the multi-hop network, a wireless bridge can be actually adopted to realize long-distance transmission, wherein a 90-degree directional antenna can be added to a wireless transmitting terminal covered by a cluster head in a subnet; the wireless transmitting terminal of the cluster head is added with an omnidirectional antenna; the terminal selected as the relay adopts a back-to-back relay mode and is additionally provided with a directional antenna; the wireless receiving terminal is added with a parabolic antenna.
In addition, a hierarchical structure is adopted to perform data fusion at the cluster head, so that the data volume sent to the sink node is reduced, and the energy efficiency of the network is improved.
In order to ensure real-time performance, integrity, safety and the like of data transmission between each wind turbine generator and the wind power plant control center, clustering must be performed periodically to effectively balance service loads among nodes.
And data transmission is carried out in each cluster and among the associated clusters according to a certain transmission strategy, so that the link congestion is reduced, and the energy efficiency of the network is improved. The transmission strategy comprises:
when the wind turbine generator normally operates, certain real-time data are sent between the wind turbine generator in each cluster and a server of a wind power plant control center at regular time according to time difference; when a certain wind turbine generator set has a fault early warning, the early warning data of the wind turbine generator set is preferentially sent; if a plurality of units in the same cluster give early warning at the same time, respectively transmitting data and sending a control request command according to a preset priority rule; when the idle period is entered between the wind turbine generator and a server of the wind power plant control center or the data volume in a communication link is small, the data which are not sent before are reissued; when a server of a wind power plant control center preferentially checks the operation condition and real-time data of a certain wind turbine, preferentially transmitting the real-time data of the wind turbine; when a plurality of units in the association cluster generate fault early warning at the same time, the association cluster needs to be re-planned according to the fault priority and the number of the units of the association link.
The remote fault diagnosis unit is connected with a WEB server of a wind power plant control center through an external network router of the wind power plant to realize internet communication between the remote fault diagnosis unit and the WEB server, a fault diagnosis software program II is installed in the remote fault diagnosis unit, and when the program is executed, the functions realized by the remote fault diagnosis unit comprise: partial data of the data processing and fault diagnosis unit is exported and transmitted to a remote diagnosis center, the vibration state of the wind turbine generator is subjected to off-line fault location through various map analyses, database and knowledge base data, and finally a maintenance scheme is given out to realize remote fault diagnosis.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a wind turbine generator system vibration state monitoring system based on wireless network which characterized in that: the system comprises a data acquisition unit, a wireless transmission unit and a data processing and fault diagnosis unit;
the data acquisition unit comprises a vibration sensor module, a comprehensive acquisition processing module and a miniature industrial personal computer, wherein the output end of the vibration sensor module is connected with the input end of the comprehensive acquisition processing module, and the output end of the comprehensive acquisition processing module is connected with the input end of the miniature industrial personal computer;
the vibration sensor module comprises an acceleration sensor, a sound sensor and a rotating speed sensor; the acceleration sensor comprises a low-frequency acceleration sensor and a medium-frequency acceleration sensor, wherein the low-frequency acceleration sensor is respectively arranged at the horizontal position of a front bearing of the main shaft, the axial position of a rear bearing of the main shaft and the horizontal position of a primary planetary gear of the gear box; the medium-frequency acceleration sensor is respectively arranged at the vertical position of a secondary planetary gear of the gear box, the axial position of a middle shaft of the gear box, the horizontal position of the output end of a high-speed shaft of the gear box, the horizontal position of a driving end of the generator and the horizontal position of a non-driving end of the generator; the sound sensors are respectively arranged at the bottom of the gear box and the engine room; the rotating speed sensor is arranged near a brake disc at the driving end of the generator;
the comprehensive acquisition processing module comprises one or more synchronous data acquisition cards and a photoelectric conversion module which are arranged in a cabin, the synchronous data acquisition cards are connected with the miniature industrial personal computer through the photoelectric conversion module and optical fibers, the synchronous acquisition cards are used for acquiring and processing signals of the vibration sensor, and the photoelectric converter is used for converting the optical fiber signals between the synchronous data acquisition cards and the miniature industrial personal computer to jointly complete reliable transmission of the signals of the vibration sensor;
the miniature industrial personal computer is arranged at the bottom of the tower and is connected with the comprehensive acquisition processing module through an optical fiber; the micro industrial personal computer is stored with a monitoring software program I and a database I, and the functions realized by the micro industrial personal computer by executing the program I comprise that a vibration sensor module and a comprehensive acquisition and processing module are controlled to monitor the vibration state of the wind turbine generator in real time, and monitor data are analyzed and stored in real time, meanwhile, alarm thresholds of different levels are set through characteristic parameters such as a peak value, an effective value, a kurtosis value, a peak factor, a pulse factor, a crest factor and a margin factor, and when the measured value of a certain acquired sensor exceeds the set alarm threshold, alarm information and partial data before and after alarm are sent to a data processing and fault diagnosis unit according to a control strategy preset by a system;
the data processing and fault diagnosis unit comprises a set of server arranged in a wind power plant control center, wherein a wind turbine generator set vibration state monitoring software program and a fault diagnosis software program are stored in the set of server, synchronous interaction can be carried out with a monitoring software program I in a miniature industrial personal computer of each wind turbine generator set, and when the programs in the server are executed, the functions realized by the set of server are as follows: receiving and processing data returned by a miniature industrial personal computer in each wind turbine generator, synchronously monitoring the running state and the communication state of each wind turbine generator through a DataSocket technology, and comprehensively analyzing and diagnosing real-time data and historical data of each wind turbine generator according to a control strategy preset by a system;
the set of servers of the data processing and fault diagnosis unit specifically comprises an application server, a backup server, a database server and a fault diagnosis server; the application server is internally provided with a second wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring software program which can synchronously interact with the first monitoring software program in the miniature industrial personal computer of each wind turbine generator, and when the second monitoring software program is executed, the system can realize the functions of monitoring the running state of each wind turbine generator, including running, stopping and early warning conditions, monitoring the signal intensity, throughput and connection conditions of a wireless network, executing the control strategy of the whole system and modifying the parameters of the data acquisition unit of each wind turbine generator; the backup server is responsible for the redundancy of the application server and prevents the application server from being failed to influence the whole system; the database server is responsible for storing partial data of each wind turbine generator transmitted through the wireless transmission network and is used for fault diagnosis of the system; the fault diagnosis server is internally provided with a first fault diagnosis software program, and when the first fault diagnosis software program is executed, the fault diagnosis server has the function of carrying out detailed map analysis on the fault of each wind generation set according to partial data of each wind generation set in the database server;
the data acquisition unit and the data processing and fault diagnosis unit of each wind turbine generator set are in data communication through a specific wireless transmission unit; the wireless transmission unit adopts a mode that a wireless transmission network is a backbone network and a sub-network, and is completely independent of an original optical fiber ring network of the wind power plant, wherein the backbone network is responsible for data remote transmission, and the sub-network is responsible for local data convergence, so that the wireless coverage range is expanded in a relay mode;
the wireless transmission unit comprises a plurality of wireless transmitting terminals, a plurality of wireless relay modules and a plurality of wireless receiving terminals; the miniature industrial personal computer is in bidirectional wireless connection with the wireless transmitting terminals through multimode fibers or an outdoor shielding network cable, the acquired data are input into the wireless transmission unit for wireless transmission, each wireless transmitting terminal is in bidirectional wireless connection with the wireless receiving terminal through the specific wireless transmission network via the relay of the wireless relay module, and the wireless receiving terminal is in bidirectional connection with the data processing and fault diagnosis unit through the multimode fibers or the outdoor shielding network cable;
the wireless transmitting terminal is arranged in an area near the wind turbine generator, is attached with a high-gain directional antenna and is used for transmitting the synchronous data of the data acquisition unit; the wireless relay module is arranged in the central area of the wind turbine generators, is additionally provided with an omnidirectional antenna and a dual-polarized plate-shaped antenna and is used for receiving signals of the wind turbine generators in a link, simultaneously relaying the wireless signals from one relay point to the next relay point and forming a new wireless coverage area to form a plurality of wireless relay coverage point relay modes; the wireless receiving terminal is arranged in the area near the control center of the wind power plant, is additionally provided with a cutting grid-shaped parabolic antenna and is used for finally transmitting signals of the wind power generation sets to the data processing and fault diagnosis unit;
the model of the wireless transmission network is different models correspondingly according to different wind turbine generator position distribution conditions, and specifically comprises a single-hop network model, a multi-hop network plane structure model and a multi-hop network layered structure model;
for a wind turbine generator within a visual range of 10 kilometers from a wind power plant control center, a single-hop network model is adopted, and a wireless relay module is not used in the model;
for wind turbines which are uniformly distributed and are more than 5 kilometers away from a wind power plant control center or wind turbines in a close-distance non-visible range, a plane structure model of a multi-hop network is adopted;
for a wind turbine generator which is more than 10 kilometers away from a wind power plant control center, a layered structure model of a multi-hop network is adopted;
the single-hop network model specifically adopts an AP (Access Point) and Client combined mode; the planar structure model of the multi-hop network specifically adopts a Mesh-only mode; the hierarchical structure model of the multi-hop network specifically adopts a Mesh-AP mode or a wireless network bridge mode;
the wireless network transmission models are all based on a clustering method, wind turbines are formed into different clusters according to different principles, clustering is performed periodically, each cluster is provided with a cluster head wind turbine and a plurality of cluster member wind turbines, the cluster member wind turbines in the clusters are basic units for completing information acquisition, and the cluster head wind turbines are responsible for collecting information in the clusters and exchange information with other clusters to form a hierarchical structure of subnet collection and main network remote transmission; data transmission is carried out in each cluster and among the related clusters according to a control strategy preset by a system;
the control strategy comprises the following steps: when the wind turbine generator normally operates, certain real-time data are sent between the wind turbine generator in each cluster and a server of a wind power plant control center at regular time according to time difference; when a certain wind turbine generator set has a fault early warning, the early warning data of the wind turbine generator set is preferentially sent; if a plurality of wind turbine generators in the same cluster perform early warning at the same time, respectively performing data transmission and sending a control request command according to a priority rule preset by monitoring software; when data transmission between the wind turbine generator and a server of the wind power plant control center enters an idle period or the data volume in a communication link is small, data which are not sent before are reissued; when a server of a wind power plant control center preferentially checks the operation condition and real-time data of a certain wind turbine, preferentially transmitting the real-time data of the wind turbine; when a plurality of units in the association cluster generate fault early warning at the same time, the association cluster needs to be re-planned according to the fault priority and the number of the units of the association link.
2. The wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on the wireless network according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a data recording function is also included in a monitoring software program II in a server of the wind power plant control center, when the monitoring system cannot correctly transmit data due to network faults, historical data recording is carried out, and the historical record can be found after normal transmission.
3. The wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on the wireless network according to claim 1, characterized in that: the set of servers of the data processing and fault diagnosis unit also comprises a WEB server which is responsible for the remote access of the system and is convenient for experts to carry out remote fault diagnosis;
the wind turbine generator vibration state monitoring system based on the wireless network further comprises a remote fault diagnosis unit, the unit is connected with a WEB server of a wind power plant control center through an external network router of the wind power plant to achieve internet communication between the unit and the WEB server, a fault diagnosis software program II is installed in the remote fault diagnosis unit, and when the fault diagnosis software program II is executed, functions achieved by the remote fault diagnosis unit comprise: partial data of the data processing and fault diagnosis unit is exported and transmitted to a remote diagnosis center, the vibration state of the wind turbine generator is subjected to off-line fault location through various map analyses, database and knowledge base data, and finally a maintenance scheme is given out to realize remote fault diagnosis.
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