CN108115994A - 一种z向增强夹层复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种Z向增强夹层复合材料,包括上表层、下表层和位于中间的芯层,上表层、芯层和下表层之间通过反复贯穿上表层、芯层和下表层的穿刺纱线固定连接,纱线贯穿角度在0‑180°之间。该制作工艺加工简单,可实现具有较强可设计性、满足刚度和强度要求的Z向增强夹层复合材料。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种夹层结构复合材料,具体讲是一种Z向增强夹层复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术:
现有的夹层复合材料为实现Z向增强结构,即在上面层、下面层和中心层的厚度方向的力学强度,往往通过粘接各层或者真空辅助成型方式实现,如申请公告号为CN103786374 A,申请日为2014年5月14日申请的一种带加强筋的夹层结构复合板材及其加工工艺,,设有板状芯材,板状芯材由玻璃钢面板包裹,其特征在于芯材表面开设纵、横交叉的连接槽,纵连接槽和横连接槽的间距在10-100mm,纵连接槽和横连接槽的槽口宽度为2-6mm,纵连接槽和横连接槽深为芯材厚度的1/9至1/11,纵连接槽和横连接槽设有由树脂浇注的连接筋条,增大了树脂与芯材的接触面积,增强树脂在芯材上的附着力,使芯材被面板紧紧夹住,从而提高面板与芯材间强度。又如申请公布号为CN 102930862 A,申请日为2013年02月13号的Z向增强水下吸声夹芯复合材料及其制备方法,采用的是真空辅助成型方式实现Z向增强。但这类结构的夹层复合材料都受限于材料、制作工艺,依赖于表层与芯层之间的粘接,剪切性能及机构设计受限,耐磨耐剥离以及耐疲劳性仍然欠佳。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,提供一种加工简单,具有较强可设计性、满足刚度和强度要求的Z向增强夹层复合材料。
本发明的技术解决方案是,提供一种Z向增强夹层复合材料,包括上表层、下表层和位于中间的芯层,上表层、芯层和下表层之间通过反复贯穿上表层、芯层和下表层的穿刺纱线固定连接,纱线贯穿角度在0-180°之间。
本发明还提供一种一种Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,它包括以下步骤,
第一步,确定上表层、芯层和下表层的材料,并将上述材料按顺序平铺、摊平和对齐;
第二步,选用穿刺纱线,设定针刺机参数,利用针刺机对堆叠好的夹层复合材料进行穿刺,穿刺角度在0-180°之间,往复穿刺至少一个来回后,再根据设定针距在夹层复合材料其其他区域进行往复穿刺,以此类推,直至完成所有设计穿刺区域的穿刺,实现上表层材料、芯层材料和下表层材料的固定;
第三步,检测,检测合格后进行批量生产。
作为优选,上表层、下表层选用织物,芯层选用结构芯材。
作为优选,第二步中,针刺针距在5~1000mm之间,穿刺角度为45°,芯材厚度:2~100mm,速度1-10m/min。
作为优选,第二步中,针刺针距在20mm,穿刺角度为60°,芯材厚度:25mm,速度1m/min。
作为优选,第二步中,针刺针距在25mm,穿刺角度为45°,芯材厚度:30mm,速度2m/min。
进一步的,第二步中,每一个穿刺动作后都进行集圈处理,形成实心结或空心结。
本发明相比于现有技术具有以下优点:通过上述工艺,可制作具有很强的可设计性、可通过增强物、芯材的种类,以及几何物理参数的设计实现刚度和强度的设计的Z向增强夹层复合材料。其可广泛应用于各类增强材料/芯材三明治结构复合材料,并且由于其独特的结构和性能优势,可以在众多领域替代原有结构芯材,上表层、芯层和下表层之间形成机械互锁,不用依赖于表层与芯层之间的粘接和剪切性能,从而提供卓越的耐剥离,提供耐损伤性和耐疲劳性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的实现示意图。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图就具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明:
实施例1
一种如图1所述的Z向增强夹层复合材料,包括上表层1、下表层2和位于中间的芯层3,上表层1、芯层3和下表层2之间通过反复贯穿上表层、芯层和下表层的穿刺纱线5固定连接,纱线5贯穿角度在0-180°之间,优选45°和60°,穿刺动作有针刺机4完成。其制备方法如下,它包括以下步骤,
第一步,确定上表层、芯层和下表层的材料,本实施例中上表层和下表层选用织物,芯层选用结构芯材,并将上述材料依序平铺、摊平和对齐;
第二步,选用穿刺纱线,设定针刺机参数,针刺针距在10~1000mm之间,穿刺角度为45°,芯材厚度:2~100mm,速度1-10m/min,利用针刺机对堆叠好的夹层复合材料进行穿刺,往复穿刺一个来回后,再根据设定针距在夹层复合材料其其他区域进行往复穿刺,以此类推,直至完成所有设计穿刺区域的穿刺,实现上表层织物、结构芯材和下表层织物的固定;
第三步,检测,检测合格后进行批量生产。
实施例2
在设定针刺机参数时,针刺针距在20mm,穿刺角度为60°,芯材厚度:25mm,速度1m/min进行穿刺,并且在每一个针刺来回后重复一次针刺来回。
实施例3
在设定针刺机参数时,针刺针距在25mm,穿刺角度为45°,芯材厚度:30mm,速度2m/min,然后进行穿刺作业,并且在每个穿刺动作后做集圈动作,形成一个结点,结点可以为空心或者实心结点。
本发明的面层材料和芯层材料类型、克重可以根据实际需要进行选择;针距指相邻两根Z向纤维之间距离;本发明制备的产品具有很强的可设计性,可通过增强物、芯材的种类,以及几何物理参数的设计实现对夹层结构复合材料的刚度和强度的设计。芯层材料包含但不限于,轻木(Balsa木)、聚氨酯泡沫(PUR)、聚苯乙烯泡沫(PS)、聚氯乙烯泡沫(PVC)、聚乙烯泡沫(PE)、酚醛泡沫(PF)、聚丙烯泡沫(PP)、丙烯腈-苯乙烯泡沫(SAN)、聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)、聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)、聚酯泡沫(PET)等品种,以及与之相类似的如强芯毡等复合微孔或微球结构材料。织物包括但不限于玻璃纤维、碳纤维、天然纤维、热塑性纤维、聚合物纤维等一种或几种纤维的机织物,多轴向缝编织物,毡,非织造布等。
以上仅就本发明较佳的实施例作了说明,但不能理解为是对权利要求的限制。
Claims (7)
1.一种Z向增强夹层复合材料,其特征在于:包括上表层、下表层和位于中间的芯层,上表层、芯层和下表层之间通过反复贯穿上表层、芯层和下表层的穿刺纱线固定连接,纱线贯穿角度在0-180°之间。
2.一种Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括以下步骤,
第一步,确定上表层、芯层和下表层的材料,并将上述材料按顺序平铺、摊平和对齐;
第二步,选用穿刺纱线,设定针刺机参数,利用针刺机对堆叠好的夹层复合材料进行穿刺,穿刺角度在0-180°之间,往复穿刺至少一个来回后,再根据设定针距在夹层复合材料其其他区域进行往复穿刺,以此类推,直至完成所有设计穿刺区域的穿刺,实现上表层材料、芯层材料和下表层材料的固定;
第三步,检测,检测合格后进行批量生产。
3.根据权利要求2所述的Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:上表层、下表层选用织物,芯层选用结构芯材。
4.根据权利要求2所述的Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:第二步中,针刺针距在5~1000mm之间,穿刺角度为45°,芯材厚度:2~100mm,速度1-10m/min。
5.根据权利要求4所述的Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:第二步中,针刺针距在20mm,穿刺角度为60°,芯材厚度:25mm,速度1m/min。
6.根据权利要求4所述的Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:第二步中,针刺针距在25mm,穿刺角度为45°,芯材厚度:30mm,速度2m/min。
7.根据权利要求2所述的Z向增强夹层复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:第二步中,每一个穿刺动作后都进行集圈处理,形成实心结或空心结。
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Citations (4)
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CN101342807A (zh) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-01-14 | 天津工业大学 | 一种泡沫夹芯整体结构复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN101417518A (zh) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-29 | 赢创罗姆有限责任公司 | 双面-单针-底线-缝纫技术 |
CN203739362U (zh) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-07-30 | 常州众杰复合材料有限公司 | 一种夹芯缝编复合织物结构 |
CN106494022A (zh) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-03-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 点阵增强泡沫夹芯预成型体及其制备方法和应用 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101417518A (zh) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-29 | 赢创罗姆有限责任公司 | 双面-单针-底线-缝纫技术 |
CN101342807A (zh) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-01-14 | 天津工业大学 | 一种泡沫夹芯整体结构复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN203739362U (zh) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-07-30 | 常州众杰复合材料有限公司 | 一种夹芯缝编复合织物结构 |
CN106494022A (zh) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-03-15 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | 点阵增强泡沫夹芯预成型体及其制备方法和应用 |
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