CN108104300B - Porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall - Google Patents
Porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN108104300B CN108104300B CN201711178443.XA CN201711178443A CN108104300B CN 108104300 B CN108104300 B CN 108104300B CN 201711178443 A CN201711178443 A CN 201711178443A CN 108104300 B CN108104300 B CN 108104300B
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- fresh air
- wallboard
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/04—Air-ducts or air channels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B9/26—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds
- E06B9/28—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable
- E06B9/34—Lamellar or like blinds, e.g. venetian blinds with horizontal lamellae, e.g. non-liftable roller-type; Roller shutters with adjustable lamellae
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
- F24F7/065—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit fan combined with single duct; mounting arrangements of a fan in a duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/14—Solar energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall which comprises a heat collection and storage system and an air flow conveying system; the heat collection and storage system comprises a solar wallboard, and an air space is reserved between the solar wallboard and the building outer wall; an air cabin communicated with the air interlayer is arranged above the solar wallboard, an air outlet is formed in the outer wall of the air cabin, and a guide plate for adjusting the opening degree of the air outlet is movably mounted on the air outlet; the solar wallboard is provided with air inlets, and the outer wall of the solar wallboard is provided with a heat absorption coating; a shading device is arranged on the outer wall of the solar wallboard; the air flow conveying system comprises a fresh air pipeline, an air valve and an axial flow fan are mounted on the fresh air pipeline, an air supply outlet is formed in the side wall of the fresh air pipeline, and one end of the fresh air pipeline is communicated with the air cabin. The invention can not only obtain fresh air in winter, but also keep proper indoor temperature, thereby not only meeting the requirement of energy saving, but also meeting the requirement of indoor air quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solar heat utilization and building heating, and particularly relates to a porous permeation type fresh air preheating and heating integrated solar wall system which is used for fresh air preheating and indoor heating in winter in classrooms, office buildings and the like and mainly solves the practical problems of difficulty in large-area window opening in winter, poor indoor air quality and the like.
Background
The energy consumption of buildings in China is about one fourth of the total energy consumption of society, wherein the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning is more 40-50% of the energy consumption of buildings. Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy, so that the conventional energy consumption can be effectively reduced by improving the indoor thermal environment of a building by utilizing the solar energy.
Cold wind penetrating heat load is the major part of the winter heating load, which often requires good tightness of the building. The following problems are brought about: the indoor fresh air volume is small, the air pollution is serious, and the working and learning efficiency of indoor personnel is directly influenced. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve both the preservation of indoor air quality by obtaining fresh air in winter in buildings such as classrooms and offices and the reduction of heating load by reducing cold air infiltration, and the search for a balance point between indoor air quality and saving heating energy is the focus of research on such problems.
A great deal of intensive research is carried out by a plurality of students on the commonly used direct-benefiting window, heat collection and storage wall and additional sunlight indirect type passive solar energy technologies at present, and the results show that the passive solar energy heating technologies can effectively improve the indoor temperature and reduce the heating heat load in winter, but the technologies cannot give consideration to the problem of improving the indoor air quality in winter. The existing systems for fresh air heat recovery, preheating and the like can improve the indoor air quality, but the equipment system is more complex and the investment is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a porous permeation type fresh air preheating solar wall based on passive solar energy utilization, which can simultaneously solve the double problems of improving indoor air quality in winter and reducing heating energy consumption.
In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall comprises a heat collection and storage system and an airflow conveying system;
the heat collection and storage system comprises a solar wallboard which is arranged outside the building outer wall and is parallel to the building outer wall, and an air space is reserved between the solar wallboard and the building outer wall; an air cabin communicated with the air interlayer is arranged above the solar wallboard, an air outlet is formed in the outer wall of the air cabin, and a guide plate for adjusting the opening degree of the air outlet is movably mounted on the air outlet; air inlets with opening directions inclined to the horizontal plane are distributed on the solar wallboard, and a heat absorption coating is arranged on the outer wall of the solar wallboard; the outer wall of the solar wallboard is provided with a shading device for shading sunlight;
the air flow conveying system comprises a fresh air pipeline arranged at the upper part of a room in the building, an air valve and an axial flow fan are arranged on the fresh air pipeline, an air supply outlet is formed in the side wall of the fresh air pipeline, and one end of the fresh air pipeline is communicated with the air cabin through an air inlet formed in the outer wall of the building.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the solar wallboard is provided with a convex part and a concave part, and the air inlet hole is formed in the convex part.
Furthermore, the solar wallboard is made of galvanized steel sheets and is connected with the outer wall of the building through bolts.
Furthermore, the middle part of the exhaust port is provided with a rotating shaft parallel to the horizontal plane, and the guide plate is arranged on the rotating shaft.
Furthermore, an air filter screen and a fire damper are sequentially arranged between the building outer wall and the air valve in the fresh air pipeline, and a wet film humidifier and a silencer are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the axial flow fan; two ends of the axial flow fan are connected in series on the fresh air pipeline through a soft connecting pipe.
Furthermore, the air supply outlet is provided with an adjusting valve for adjusting the air volume.
Furthermore, a shielding edge is arranged outside the air inlet hole and comprises an inclined plate and two end plates, wherein the inclined plate is arranged obliquely to the horizontal plane, one side of the inclined plate is fixed on the solar wallboard above the air inlet hole, and a gap is reserved between the other side of the inclined plate and the air inlet hole; the end plates are positioned at two ends of the inclined plate, one side of each end plate is connected with the solar wallboard, and the other side of each end plate is connected with the end part of the inclined plate.
Furthermore, the shading device comprises a pair of supporting frames arranged at the top end of the outer wall of the solar wallboard, a rolling shaft is arranged between the pair of supporting frames, and the rolling shaft is parallel to the solar wallboard; the roller is provided with a breathable shading roller shutter driven by a pull rope.
Furthermore, the breathable shading roller shutter comprises a pair of soft side bands, a plurality of rectangular shading sheets are arranged between the pair of side bands at intervals, and the shading sheets are inclined to the horizontal plane; the shading sheet is provided with a connecting hole along the length direction of the shading sheet, a connecting rope penetrates through the connecting hole, and two ends of the connecting rope are respectively connected with the pair of side bands.
The invention has the following technical characteristics:
1. fresh air preheating effect is good
Compared with the traditional Trombe wall, the solar wall can convey preheated fresh air into a room through the ventilation system, effectively improves the indoor air quality, keeps the indoor environment comfortable, is beneficial to the health of indoor personnel, combines the heat collection and heat storage system with the air flow conveying system, can control the flow rate, the flow speed and the temperature of the fresh air through the axial flow fan and the air valve, and can convey the heated air to rooms at any positions by utilizing the air supply pipeline. Therefore, the solar heating system not only can utilize solar energy to heat a south room, but also can enjoy the warmth of the sun in a north room, and better meets the requirement of building heating, which is unique to the porous penetration type solar wall system.
2. The solar heat utilization efficiency is higher
Compared with the traditional passive glass heat collection method, the solar heat collection method has higher solar heat utilization efficiency because the glass can reflect 15 percent of sunlight to further weaken the utilization of the sunlight, and the porous solar wall plate in the design can absorb and utilize 80 percent of solar energy.
3. Preventing indoor overheat in summer
The breathable shading roller shutter can reduce solar radiation entering an air layer in summer; when the air in the interlayer is heated by convection and radiation, the temperature rises, the density is reduced, a hot-pressing air exhaust effect is formed by the buoyancy lift force, and the air exhaust and heat dissipation effects are achieved.
4. Simple structure and wide application range
The solar wall has a simple structure, is attractive and durable, is convenient to maintain and manage, has a wide application range, and can be used for any building needing auxiliary heating, ventilation or fresh air supplement, and the building types comprise industry, commerce, residence, office, school, warehouse and the like.
5. Convenient operation of operation condition control
According to the working conditions in different seasons, the user can correspondingly adjust according to the outdoor temperature, open and close corresponding parts, and the automatic control of different working conditions is realized. In spring, summer and autumn, the system mainly removes waste heat and lowers the temperature, opens the guide plate of the exhaust system, puts down the breathable shading roller shutter and induces the air valve of the air supply system to be closed; when the outdoor temperature is lower than 5 ℃, the system is started to operate under the working condition in winter, the system mainly uses solar energy to preheat fresh air, the guide plate of the exhaust system closes the air-permeable shading roller shutter to lift, and the air valve of the air supply system is induced to open. In the whole process, the air valve, the guide plate and the breathable shading roller shutter are manually operated.
6. Good economic and environmental benefits
The solar wall fresh air preheating and heating system collects heat by using the porous solar wall plate, and the power system is not provided with other power equipment except for the fan and is integrated with the outer wall of the building, so the cost is low; in addition, manual operation is adopted to reduce the construction operation cost in the operation according to the working conditions; the clean energy of solar energy is reasonably and efficiently utilized, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of section A-A of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working states of the components of the present invention in summer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the working states of the components of the present invention under winter conditions;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a porous solar panel of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a porous solar panel of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a porous solar panel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a detail view of the installation of the multi-void solar wall panel of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a detail view of the installation of the breathable shade roll screen of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the air-permeable, light-shielding rolling shutter of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures represent: 1-rain shielding plate, 2-breathable shading roller shutter, 3-solar wallboard, 4-air inlet, 41-inclined plate, 42-end plate, 5-fresh air pipeline, 6-guide plate, 7-air outlet, 8-air inlet, 9-air filter screen, 10-air valve, 11-flexible connecting pipe, 12-axial fan, 13-wet film humidifier, 14-silencer, 15-fire valve, 16-regulating valve, 17-air outlet, 18-air interlayer, 19-air cabin, 20-heat insulation layer, 21-building outer wall, 22-bolt nut, 23-glass adhesive tape, 24-support frame, 25-pull rope, 26-rotating shaft, 27-side band, 28-shading sheet and 29-connecting rope.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the invention discloses a porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall, which comprises a heat collection and storage system and an air flow conveying system;
the heat collection and storage system comprises a solar wallboard 3 which is arranged outside a building outer wall 21 and is parallel to the building outer wall 21, an air space 18 is reserved between the solar wallboard 3 and the building outer wall 21, and the solar wallboard 3 is fixedly connected with the building outer wall 21 through bolts and nuts 22; an air cabin 19 communicated with the air interlayer 18 is arranged above the solar wallboard 3, an air outlet 7 is formed in the outer wall of the air cabin 19, a guide plate 6 used for adjusting the opening degree of the air outlet 7 is movably mounted on the air outlet 7, the guide plate 6 can completely plug the air outlet 7 and can also partially shield the air outlet 7, and the use requirements under different working conditions can be met; the solar wall plate 3 is provided with air inlet holes 4 with opening directions inclined to the horizontal plane, and the air inlet holes 4 point to the ground direction, for example, form an included angle of 30-60 degrees with the horizontal plane; the outer wall of the solar wallboard 3 is provided with a heat absorption coating which can be a plurality of layers of black paint coated on the solar wallboard 3; in addition, the outer wall of the solar wallboard 3 is rough processed, so that the solar wallboard has higher solar energy absorption rate.
The outer wall of the solar wallboard 3 is provided with a shading device for shading sunlight, and the shading device is mainly used for shading sunlight in summer so as to reduce the absorption of the solar wallboard 3 to solar energy; the shading device adopts a retractable structure, is retracted when not needed to be used in winter, and is unfolded in summer.
The air flow conveying system comprises a fresh air pipeline 5 arranged at the upper part of a room in a building, for example, the fresh air pipeline 5 can be arranged above a suspended ceiling of the room; the fresh air pipeline 5 is provided with an axial flow fan 12, the side wall of the fresh air pipeline 5 is provided with an air supply outlet 17, and one end of the fresh air pipeline 5 is communicated with the air cabin 19 through an air inlet 8 arranged on the outer wall 21 of the building.
As shown in fig. 9, the shading device includes a pair of support frames 24 disposed at the top end of the outer wall of the solar wall panel 3, a roller is installed between the pair of support frames 24, and the roller is parallel to the solar wall panel 3; the roller is provided with a breathable shading roller shutter 2 driven by a pull rope 25; in summer, the breathable shading roller shutter 2 is lowered through the pull rope 25; in winter, the air-permeable and light-blocking roll screen 2 is wound around the roller by the draw cord 25. The air-permeable and light-shading rolling screen 2 is provided with a gap to allow the outside air to penetrate through the gap and enter the air space layer 18 from the air inlet hole 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 10, the air-permeable and light-shielding rolling shutter 2 includes a pair of soft side bands 27, a plurality of rectangular light-shielding sheets 28 are disposed between the pair of side bands 27 at intervals, and the light-shielding sheets 28 are inclined to the horizontal plane, for example, form an included angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with the horizontal plane; a connecting hole is formed in the shading sheet 28 along the length direction of the shading sheet 28, a connecting rope 29 penetrates through the connecting hole, and two ends of the connecting rope 29 are respectively connected with the pair of side bands 27; two attachment cords 29 may be provided on each gobo 28 to prevent rotation of the gobo 28 relative to the edge strip 27. The edge strip 27 may be a rubber strip or a plastic strip. When mounting, one end of the pair of side bands 27 is connected to the roller, and then the pulling rope 25 is also connected to the roller, so that the air-permeable, light-shielding roll screen 2 can be retracted or put down by pulling the pulling rope 25. The above-described structure of the air-permeable, light-shielding roller blind 2 is designed such that a gap for ventilation is left between the adjacent light-shielding sheets 28, which facilitates the introduction of the outside air, while effectively blocking the sunlight from impinging on the solar wall panel 3.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, a rain shielding plate 1 is disposed above the air-permeable and light-shielding rolling curtain 2 to protect the air-permeable and light-shielding rolling curtain 2 when it is retracted, so as to prevent the wind from being wetted by rain water and shorten the life thereof.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, a shielding edge is arranged outside the air inlet 4, and the shielding edge includes an inclined plate 41 and two end plates 42, where the inclined plate 41 is arranged obliquely to the horizontal plane, one side of the inclined plate 41 is fixed on the solar wallboard 3 above the air inlet 4, and a gap is left between the other side of the inclined plate 41 and the air inlet 4; the end plates 42 are located at two ends of the inclined plate 41, one side of the end plate 42 is connected with the solar wall plate 3, and the other side is connected with the end of the inclined plate 41. This structure can effectively prevent rainwater from entering the air space 18, and also has a dustproof effect to some extent.
Fig. 5 to 7 show a schematic structural view of an alternative solar panel 3. The outer surface of the solar wallboard 3 is provided with a convex part and a concave part, and the air inlet hole 4 is arranged on the convex part. The solar wallboard 3 is made of galvanized steel sheets, and the solar wallboard 3 is connected with the building outer wall 21 through bolts.
For example, the solar wall panel 3 may be formed by splicing small porous galvanized steel sheets formed by stamping, and the surface thereof is designed to be regular concave-convex, that is, the distance between the convex portion and the building outer wall 21 is larger, and the distance between the concave portion and the building outer wall 21 is smaller, which is beneficial to the permeation of fresh air. The steel plate edge at every fritter reserves the part that is used for fixed and connection, rationally calculates the quantity of required steel sheet according to the demand of user to the fresh air volume, and the accessible is bored threaded hole cooperation bolt nut 22 at the steel sheet edge and is assembled polylith steel sheet together.
The air chamber 19 at the upper part of the solar wall plate 3 can be a hollow rectangular bin without a bottom surface, the bottom of the air chamber is communicated with the air interlayer 18, and the air chamber 19 is used for collecting hot air which achieves the preheating effect. The connection part of the air chamber 19 and the solar wall plate 3 is hermetically connected by a glass adhesive tape 23, and the connection part of the pipeline and the road is sealed by glass adhesive, so that the air tightness of the cavity is ensured, and the problem that the system operation effect is poor due to the fact that external air enters the system is solved.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the working states of the components of the present invention in summer. In summer, the guide plate 6 on the air outlet 7 is opened to enable the air cabin 19 to be communicated with the outside, then the air permeable shading roller shutter 2 is put down, the air valve 10 is closed, and at the moment, hot air is exhausted to the atmosphere through the air outlet 7 under the action of hot pressing and air pressure.
After the air-permeable shading roller shutter 2 is put down, most solar radiation is reflected by the air-permeable shading roller shutter 2, and only a little solar radiation penetrates through the air-permeable shading roller shutter 2 and falls on the solar wallboard 3, so that the air in the air interlayer 18 is hardly heated by the solar wallboard 3, and the air in the air interlayer 18 can better absorb the heat of the heat-insulating layer 20 on the building outer wall 21. After the air in the air interlayer 18 is heated, the air rises under the action of hot pressing and wind pressure and is exhausted to the atmosphere through the air outlet 7 on the upper part of the air cabin 19 through the guide plate 6 to form a convection circulation, so that the heat of the heat-insulating layer 20 on the building outer wall 21 is absorbed in the process, the temperature of the outer surface of the building outer wall 21 is reduced, the heat gain through the building outer wall 21 is further reduced, and the energy consumption of an air conditioner is reduced.
Furthermore, an air filter screen 9 and a fire damper 15 are sequentially arranged between the building outer wall 21 and the air valve 10 in the fresh air pipeline 5, and a wet film humidifier 13 and a silencer 14 are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the axial flow fan 12; two ends of the axial flow fan 12 are connected in series on the fresh air pipeline 5 through a flexible connecting pipe 11, and the flexible connecting pipe 11 can adopt a corrugated pipe. And the air supply outlet 17 is provided with an adjusting valve 16 for adjusting the air volume.
Alternatively, one mounting manner of the deflector 6 may be: the middle part of the exhaust port 7 is provided with a rotating shaft 26 parallel to the horizontal plane, and the guide plate 6 is arranged on the rotating shaft 26. The rotating shaft 26 can be driven to rotate by a motor so as to adjust the opening degree of the exhaust port 7.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention under winter conditions. When the average outdoor daily temperature is lower than 5 ℃, the air valve 10 is opened, the axial flow fan 12 is opened, the guide plate 6 is closed, the guide plate 6 completely seals the exhaust port 7, the air-permeable shading rolling curtain 2 is lifted, and at the moment, outdoor fresh air enters the air interlayer 18 through the air inlet hole 4, and enters the indoor air supply system through the fresh air pipeline 5 under the action of air pressure and hot pressing after absorbing the heat of the solar wallboard 3.
The solar wallboard 3 with rough surface and coated with the heat absorption coating absorbs solar radiation to heat the air in the air interlayer 18, so that the air in the air interlayer 18 is heated, rises under the action of hot pressure difference and buoyancy lift, reaches the air cabin 19, and is converged with the hot air, at the moment, because of adopting an induced air supply mode, the pressure in the fresh air pipeline 5 is higher, and the heated air is sent into a room through the air inlet 8, the air filter screen 9, the fire prevention valve 15, the axial flow fan 12, the wet film humidifier 13, the silencer 14, the regulating valve 16 and the air supply outlet 17. In the process, the fresh air is heated through the air interlayer 18, so that the air supply temperature of the fresh air is increased, the indoor heat gain is increased, the fresh air load is reduced, and the double problems of indoor air quality in winter and heating energy consumption reduction are solved.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Taking the climatic conditions of Lasa as an example, looking up practical Heat supply and air Condition design Manual (second edition) to obtain meteorological parameters of Lasa, the temperature of the outdoor dry bulb of the ventilation chamber in winter is-5.1 ℃. There is a room with a porous solar wall outside the south wall, the room is 2.7m long, 2.4m wide and 2.7m high. The height of the hollow solar wallboard is 2.1m, the width is 1.8m, and the thickness is 0.01 m. The diameter of the holes of the porous solar wall plate is 20mm, and the number of the holes is 17 multiplied by 12 (rows multiplied by columns). The solar radiation intensity is 430W/m2Assume that the porous solar wallboard has an absorptivity of 0.89 to the sun.
① introduction of fresh air volume
L＝V1×A1×3600＝n×V2×A2×3600
L-fresh air volume (m) entering indoor through air supply pipeline3/h)；
V1-the air supply speed (m/S) at the mouth of the fresh air duct;
A1-fresh air duct opening cross-sectional area (m)2) It had a value of 0.0144m2；
n- -the number of inlet holes (one), which has a value of 204;
V2‐‐-inlet hole air speed (m/S);
A2inlet orifice cross-sectional area (m)2) It has a value of 0.0004m2。
② preheating outdoor air
The radiant heat absorbed by the porous solar wallboard is:
Q＝a×E×F
q-radiant heat (W) absorbed by the porous solar wallboard;
e- -intensity of solar radiation (W/m)2) A value of 430W/m2；
F- -area of porous solar wallboard (m)2) A value of 3.78m2；
a- -absorptivity of porous solar wallboard to the sun, with value of 0.89.
Get Q1446.61W.
Q＝3600-1×c×ρ×L×(ti-tj)
Q-radiant heat (W) absorbed by the porous solar wallboard;
c is the mass specific heat of air, and the value is 1010J/(kg. ℃);
p- -density of preheated air (kg/m)3)；
L- -fresh air volume (m) entering the room through the supply duct3/h)；
tiTemperature of the preheated air (c);
tj-temperature of the dry bulb outside the ventilation chamber in winter, with a value of-5.1 ℃.
The fresh air speed of 'national civil building engineering design technical measure 2009 edition' is checked to be 2.0-4.5 m/s.
TABLE 1 air delivery volume and air delivery temperature of blower at different air delivery speeds
Reference to the second edition of the design Manual of practical heating and air-conditioning
TABLE 2 fresh air demand for Ventilation
| Application field | Personnel density (P/100 m)2) | Fresh air demand (L/S.P) |
| Classroom | 50 | 8 |
| |
7 | 10 |
The area of the room is 6.48m2Referring to table 2, the person density for the classroom is 3-4 persons. The required fresh air volume is 24-32L/S, i.e. 86.4-115.2 m3H; the person density is 1 person for the office. The required fresh air volume is 10L/S, namely 36m3H is used as the reference value. Referring to Table 1, when the blowing speed of the fan is 2.0-2.4 m/S, the total fresh air volume is 101.66-122.40 m3The requirement of classroom personnel on fresh air volume can be met; when the air supply speed of the fan is about 2.0m/S, the total fresh air volume is 101.66m3The air volume can meet the requirement of office personnel on the fresh air volume. For the preheating effect of fresh air, when the air supply speed of the fan is 2.0-3.6 m/S, the temperature of the supplied air can reach 18.6-41.4 ℃. Therefore, the system can meet the requirement on fresh air quantity and can achieve the effect of preheating fresh air.
Claims (4)
1. A porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall is characterized by comprising a heat collection and storage system and an air flow conveying system;
the heat collection and storage system comprises a solar wallboard (3) which is arranged outside the building outer wall (21) and is parallel to the building outer wall (21), and an air space (18) is reserved between the solar wallboard (3) and the building outer wall (21); an air cabin (19) communicated with the air interlayer (18) is arranged above the solar wallboard (3), an exhaust port (7) is formed in the outer wall of the air cabin (19), and a guide plate (6) used for adjusting the opening degree of the exhaust port (7) is movably mounted on the exhaust port (7); air inlets (4) with opening directions inclined to the horizontal plane are distributed on the solar wallboard (3), and a heat absorption coating is arranged on the outer wall of the solar wallboard (3); a shading device for shading sunlight is arranged on the outer wall of the solar wallboard (3);
the air flow conveying system comprises a fresh air pipeline (5) arranged at the upper part of a room in a building, an air valve (10) and an axial flow fan (12) are installed on the fresh air pipeline (5), an air supply outlet (17) is formed in the side wall of the fresh air pipeline (5), and one end of the fresh air pipeline (5) is communicated with an air cabin (19) through an air inlet (8) formed in the outer wall (21) of the building;
the outer surface of the solar wallboard (3) is provided with a convex part and a concave part, and the air inlet hole (4) is formed in the convex part;
the solar wallboard (3) is made of galvanized steel sheets, and the solar wallboard (3) is connected with the building outer wall (21) through bolts;
a shielding edge is arranged outside the air inlet hole (4), the shielding edge comprises an inclined plate (41) and two end plates (42), the inclined plate (41) is arranged in an inclined manner on the horizontal plane, one side of the inclined plate (41) is fixed on the solar wallboard (3) above the air inlet hole (4), and a gap is reserved between the other side of the inclined plate and the air inlet hole (4); the end plates (42) are positioned at two ends of the inclined plate (41), one side of each end plate (42) is connected with the solar wallboard (3), and the other side of each end plate is connected with the end part of the inclined plate (41);
the shading device comprises a pair of supporting frames (24) arranged at the top end of the outer wall of the solar wallboard (3), a rolling shaft is arranged between the pair of supporting frames (24), and the rolling shaft is parallel to the solar wallboard (3); the roller is provided with a breathable shading roller shutter (2) driven by a pull rope (25);
the air-permeable shading roller shutter (2) comprises a pair of soft side bands (27), a plurality of rectangular shading sheets (28) are arranged between the pair of side bands (27) at intervals, and the shading sheets (28) are inclined to the horizontal plane; the anti-dazzling screen is characterized in that a connecting hole is formed in the anti-dazzling screen (28) along the length direction of the anti-dazzling screen (28), a connecting rope (29) penetrates through the connecting hole, and two ends of the connecting rope (29) are connected with the pair of side bands (27) respectively.
2. The porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle part of the exhaust port (7) is provided with a rotating shaft (26) parallel to the horizontal plane, and the deflector (6) is installed on the rotating shaft (26).
3. The porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an air filter screen (9) and a fire damper (15) are sequentially arranged between the building outer wall (21) and the air valve (10) in the fresh air pipeline (5), and a wet film humidifier (13) and a silencer (14) are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the axial flow fan (12); two ends of the axial flow fan (12) are connected in series on the fresh air pipeline (5) through a flexible connecting pipe (11).
4. The solar wall with porous and permeable fresh air preheating function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air supply outlet (17) is provided with a regulating valve (16) for regulating the air volume.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711178443.XA CN108104300B (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711178443.XA CN108104300B (en) | 2017-11-23 | 2017-11-23 | Porous permeable fresh air preheating solar wall |
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| CN108104300A CN108104300A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
| CN108104300B true CN108104300B (en) | 2020-02-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110131819B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-03-10 | 驻马店市天中招投标服务有限公司 | Building energy-saving air conditioning system and operation method thereof |
| CN113530004A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-22 | 东莞理工学院 | Intelligent regulation type heat collecting wall system based on climate response |
| CN113898088B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-01-17 | 江西双德建筑工程有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly building outer wall structure and construction method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202339015U (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-07-18 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Solar-based integrated air conditioning system of building |
| CN203729450U (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-07-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Trombe wall applying solar heat collection and radiation refrigeration comprehensively |
-
2017
- 2017-11-23 CN CN201711178443.XA patent/CN108104300B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202339015U (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-07-18 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Solar-based integrated air conditioning system of building |
| CN203729450U (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-07-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Trombe wall applying solar heat collection and radiation refrigeration comprehensively |
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