CN108101540B - 一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板制备方法 - Google Patents

一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108101540B
CN108101540B CN201711389507.0A CN201711389507A CN108101540B CN 108101540 B CN108101540 B CN 108101540B CN 201711389507 A CN201711389507 A CN 201711389507A CN 108101540 B CN108101540 B CN 108101540B
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窦文鑫
臧文平
吕海龙
赵夕
李琳慈
韩雪
殷正娥
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Anhui brocade Carbon Technology Development Co., Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板的制备方法。所述材料的制备方法包括混捏、挤压成型、焙烧等工艺步骤。本受电弓碳滑板由于使用煤沥青与中间相碳微球为粘结剂进行成型加工，因为受电弓碳滑板不会出现力学性能差，体积密度较低等问题，并且由于未使用树脂类粘结剂，碳滑板的电阻会大幅度降低，导电性会大大提高，此方法生产出的受电弓碳滑板能大大的体改使用寿命，同时由于工艺的简便，也大大降低了成本。

Description

一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于电力机车领域，尤其是涉及一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板材料制备的方法。
技术背景
随着我们经济的快速发展，我国轨道交通的建设有了很大的发展，并朝着高速度方向发展，目前我国铁路的提速是通过修改建电气化铁路和对既有的线路进行升级改造从而实现的。自从1961我国年第一条电气化铁路开通后，经过40多年的发展，有了巨大的进步，受电弓滑板是电力机车供电系统中的重要集电元件，一般安装在机车受电弓的最上部，直接与接触网导线接触，在静止或滑动状态下将输电网上的电流引导下来，传输给机车供电系统，来维持电力机车正常运行。高速运行的电力机车上的滑板一旦失效，将严重危及行车安全，因此滑板质量的优劣对机车有非常重要的影响。目前国产的受电弓滑板一般采用金属滑板、纯碳滑板、浸金属滑板，纯碳滑板由于力学性能较差，往往不能应用在高速列车上，金属滑板虽然具有良好的耐磨性，但是对导线损伤较大，浸金属滑板对生产工艺和基材的性能要求严格，铜金属与碳材是具有不润湿的特性，所以国内生产的浸金属碳滑板受配方和工艺的限制，一般表现为寿命较短。
发明内容
本发明的目的，在于解决现有技术存在的上述问题，提供一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板制备方法。
本发明采取的技术方案是：一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板的制备方法，其特点是，包含以下几个步骤：
（1）准备原材料，原材料按照重量百分比，混捏石墨粒度为63-85μm的粉末，炭黑粒径为30-45μm，粘结剂为沥青和中间相碳微球，中间相碳微球的粒度为0.5μm～30μm。混合比例为煤沥青:中间相碳微球=20:1～1:20。
（2）混捏：混捏分为干混和湿混，是将配好的料放入混捏机中，以60转/分钟的速度进行搅拌30-50分钟，干混的温度为120-130℃，所述湿混是将树脂粘结剂加入到混捏锅中，混捏时间为20-40分钟。
（3）成型：现将混捏好的料倒入成型容器中，通过压力机将料从成型模具的嘴子挤出，挤压压力为10-15Mpa，温度为200℃。
（4）焙烧：将压制好的生坯放入坩埚内.再把坩埚放入焙烧炉中进行焙烧，焙烧是在真空设备里进行的，在升温区间100-350℃时，每小时升温1-1.5℃，在350-600℃是每小时升温0.5-0.9℃，在600-900℃，每小时升温1-1.5℃，在900-1300℃是，每小时升温2-3℃，焙烧时间为240-300小时。
（5）检验：根据碳滑板国家的标准，在试验机上进行力学测试和导电率的测试实验。
本发明制备的碳滑板的理化指标参数是：
体积密度：1.65-1.75g/cm
抗折强度：60-65MPa
抗压强度：80-90Mpa
冲击韧性：0.2-0.25J/cm3
20℃电阻率：18-25μΩ.m
洛氏硬度：50-55 HRC
本发明的优点是，由于使用了用煤沥青与中间相碳微球为粘结剂，不仅能大大的提高了产品的力学性能和导电性能，同时也简化了生产的工艺流程，只需要一次焙烧即可，由于不采用树脂粘结剂，产品的导电性能也大大地提高，本产品能大批量广泛的应用于生产，完全可替代传统碳滑板使用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
产品配置方法
原材料配比：
准备原材料，原材料按照重量百分比，由石墨粉末45%，炭黑3%，中间相碳微球=10:1的比例将煤沥青与中间相碳微球进行配置，之后在压力为10Mpa压力下挤成长条，在按照一焙的升温曲线进行焙烧，焙烧260小时，焙烧之后在压力为1Mpa，温度为230℃下进行沥青浸渍时间为2小时，最后进行二次焙烧，焙烧温度为800℃，时间为300小时，产品理化指标为：
体积密度：1.74g/cm3
抗折强度：63MPa
抗压强度：85Mpa
冲击韧性：0.23J/cm3
20℃电阻率： 23μΩ.m
洛氏硬度：51 HRC
实施例2
产品配置方法
原材料配比：
准备原材料，原材料按照重量百分比，由石墨粉末50%，炭黑5%，中间相碳微球=10:1的比例将煤沥青与中间相碳微球进行配置，之后在压力为12Mpa压力下挤成长条，在按照一焙的升温曲线进行焙烧，焙烧260小时，焙烧之后在压力为1.5Mpa，温度为250℃下进行沥青浸渍时间为2小时，最后进行二次焙烧，焙烧温度为800℃，时间为350小时，产品理化指标为：
体积密度：1.75g/cm
抗折强度：65MPa
抗压强度：87Mpa
冲击韧性：0.25J/cm3
20℃电阻率： 24μΩ.m
洛氏硬度：55 HR。

Claims (1)

1.一种电力机车用受电弓碳滑板的制备方法，其特征在于：该制备方法包括混捏、成型、焙烧；
混捏的骨料包括石墨粉末、炭黑、粘结剂，其中，石墨粉末的粒径为63-85μm，炭黑的粒径为30-45μm，粘结剂为沥青和中间相碳微球的混合物，混合比例为沥青:中间相碳微球=20:1-1:20；中间相碳微球的粒度为0.5μm-30μm；
所述骨料中石墨粉末的重量比为30%-50%，炭黑的重量比为3%-5%；
混捏是以60转/分钟的速度进行搅拌30-50分钟，温度为120-130℃；
成型的方式为挤压成型，挤压压力为10-15Mpa，温度为200℃；
所述焙烧在升温区间为100℃-350℃时，每小时升温1-1.5℃；在升温区间为350-600℃时，每小时升温0.5-0.9℃；在升温区间为600℃-900℃时，每小时升温1℃-1.5℃；在升温区间为900℃-1300℃时，每小时升温2℃-3℃，焙烧时间为240-300小时。
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CN109678508A (zh) * 2018-06-13 2019-04-26 安徽锦美碳材科技发展有限公司 一种新型电饭锅内胆的制备方法
CN111635232A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-09-08 辽宁红德电碳制品有限公司 一种高效的碳条生产工艺
CN113336565B (zh) * 2021-07-21 2023-07-11 西南交通大学 一种中间相碳微球增强碳基受电弓滑板及其制备方法
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