CN108101383A - 一种可钢化Low-E节能玻璃 - Google Patents
一种可钢化Low-E节能玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3626—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3639—Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
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- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
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- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
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- C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/10—Deposition methods
- C03C2218/15—Deposition methods from the vapour phase
- C03C2218/154—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering
- C03C2218/156—Deposition methods from the vapour phase by sputtering by magnetron sputtering
Abstract
本发明公开了一种可钢化Low‑E玻璃,包括玻璃原片以及在玻璃原片上依次镀制的第一层打底介质层氮化硅层、第二层氧化钛层、第三层保护层镍铬层、第四层功能层银层、第五层金属保护层镍铬层、第六层氧化锌层、第七层氮化硅层和第八层石墨保护层。本发明可钢化Low‑E玻璃膜层具有极高的稳定性,能够经受高温钢化处理,可以在镀膜完成以后进行加热钢化处理,方便Low‑E玻璃异地剪切、钢化加工;且本发明Low‑E玻璃具有高透光率>60%,高红外线阻隔效率,遮阳系数小于0.5,光热比大于1.4,满足高品质低辐射阻隔性能,与现有大部分高透性单银可钢化产品相比,具有更低的遮阳系数,节能优势显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及环保节能建筑材料领域,涉及一种可钢化Low-E节能玻璃,特别涉及一种高透光率低遮阳的可钢化低辐射(Low-E)节能玻璃。
背景技术
低辐射镀膜玻璃(Low-E玻璃)是一种对波长4.5~25μm的红外线有较高反射比的镀膜玻璃。这种镀膜玻璃对可见光具有高透光性,保证了室内的采光,又对远红外光具有高反射性,从而做到阻止玻璃吸收室外热量再产生热辐射将热量传入室内,又将室内物体产生的热量反射回来,达到降低玻璃的热辐射通过量的目的。从而实现降低建筑物供暖制冷的能耗。
Low-E玻璃的性能主要靠可见光透过率、遮阳系数以及选择系数来衡量。其中:
遮阳系数,玻璃遮挡或抵御太阳光能的能力,英文为Shading Coefficient,实际通过玻璃的热量与通过厚度为3mm厚标准玻璃的热量与的比值。
选择系数,镀膜玻璃选择系数是国家承认的,在玻璃行业里面衡量玻璃节能型的重要指标。选择系数=透过率/遮阳系数。所以,如果low-e玻璃的遮阳系数越低,可见光透过率越高,其节能性就越好。常见单银low-E节能玻璃的选择系数为1.0-1.2,双银low-E节能玻璃的选择系数为1.2-1.5。
光热比LSG,是为了定量对比各种节能玻璃节能特性引入的概念,其值等定义为:LSG=Tvis/g,g为太阳能总透射比,g=0.87*Sc。
现有技术虽然公开了多种Low-E玻璃的制备工艺,可以部分改善提升产品的透光率或遮阳系数,但是其选择系数不佳,导致制备得到的Low-E玻璃产品不能够完美满足应用要求,例如以下专利。
CN 201110348504.9实现的结构为glass/SiNx/TiO2/CrN/ZnO/Ag/CrNOx/ZnSnOx/TiO2/SiN Ox,其实现的产品透光率达到84%,没有标明产品的光热比指数,也没有注明产品的遮阳系数,该Low-E玻璃遮阳系数较低,不能很好的实现供暖制冷的能耗节约。同时其膜层组成及厚度较为复杂,加工难度较大。
CN 20150776601.6方案实现的结构为glass/SiN/ZnO/Ag/CrN/ZnO/TiO2,透光率81%-87%,a*在0-3,b*在-9—12,其膜层布置层次及厚度使得该Low-E玻璃的表面色泽波动较大,影响Low-E玻璃的质感。
CN 201520223569.4方案实现在线镀膜玻璃的另一侧镀制离线low-E膜,其虽能够实现膜面向下钢化,其镀制膜层结构复杂,工艺实现较为困难,成本高。
CN 201611054961.6的方案实现结构为glass/SiN/AZO/NiCr/Ag/NiCr/AZO/SiN,其着重体现的是在AZO中掺杂其它金属元素,同时样ZnO溅射时掺入少量氢气,工艺复杂,制备难度大,成本高。
CN 204702661U公开了一种可钢化单银Low-E玻璃,该Low-E玻璃具有碳化硅表面层,膜层抗机械划伤能力强及耐热性能好,并且可以进行后钢化处理。但是其表面缺少保护层,且表面颜色表现较为一般。
此外,现有性能较好的高透型单银,均采用先钢化后镀膜的技术。即浮法原片钢化后,再进行镀膜,最后进行其他加工。这种生产方式效率较低,在生产时镀膜线排片必须根据具体产品尺寸进行布置,不能实现最大装载率镀膜。再者如果产生次品后,补片过程需要先将玻璃原片进行钢化,然后再进行镀膜,如果钢化玻璃准备不够及时,对于产品的齐片交货期存在一定的影响。
而且,现有的高透型单银低辐射节能玻璃,其机械性能强度不够,在运输过程中需要对膜面进行贴膜保护。极大地增加了产品的成本,产品装运过程较复杂,增加产品成本,导致产品价格较高,不利于节能环保建材推广使用。
另外,由于现有产品的机械性能不足,导致在切割、磨边等加工过程中,极易对膜面造成损失,致使该类产品的加工效率低下,成品率较低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中所存在的单银Low-E玻璃遮阳系数和透光率选择性差,在建筑供暖制冷季节节能和采光率之间难以协调,提供一种具有更高遮阳系数和选择系数的高品质可钢化Low-E玻璃产品。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
一种可钢化Low-E玻璃,包括玻璃原片以及在玻璃原片上依次镀制的第一层打底介质层氮化硅层、第二层氧化钛层、第三层保护层镍铬层、第四层功能层银层、第五层金属保护层镍铬层、第六层氧化锌层、第七层氮化硅层和第八层石墨保护层。
本发明可钢化Low-E玻璃和现有技术中的Low-E玻璃相比,在玻璃原片上,依次镀制氮化硅SiNx、氧化钛TiO2、镍铬NiCr、银Ag、镍铬NiCr、氧化锌ZnO、氮化硅SiNx、石墨C,膜层排布顺序完全不同于现有技术。经过发明人实验研究发现采用该镀膜排布顺序制备的Low-E玻璃具有高红外线阻隔系数,具有较高的遮阳系数,满足高品质低辐射阻隔作用。同时,该Low-E玻璃膜层具有极高的稳定性特点,能够经受高温钢化处理,在镀膜玻璃进行钢化处理的过程中不被破坏;具有牢固的内部结合力,能够方便的进行各类机械切割、磨边加工处理,而不发生膜层脱落,并且膜层在钢化处理以后表面颜色无偏差、无差异颜色出现,整体表面质感表现优秀。
进一步,所述可钢化Low-E玻璃是采用真空磁控溅射方式制备而成,采用离线磁控溅射镀膜技术,在高真空背景下,依次镀制打底层、保护层、功能层等多个膜层,确保各个膜层之间结合力,所得产品节能性好,性能稳定。所得产品属于高透光率低遮阳型Low-E节能玻璃,有利于Low-E玻璃推广应用,节约能源。
其中,功能层主要成分为金属Ag,其具有对红外线高阻隔的效果,获得较高可见光透过率的同时具有较低的遮阳系数。
低辐射节能玻璃,其生产工艺是在优质浮法基片上镀制以Ag为功能层,包含介质层和其它金属保护层的多层膜系。可钢化离线低辐射节能玻璃,其生产工艺是在优质浮法玻璃基片上,利用磁控溅射镀膜或原子沉积技术,镀制以Ag为功能层的多层膜。
进一步,所述玻璃原片是浮法玻璃,优选玻璃原片是优质浮法玻璃。在生产时,选用的原片可以是优质浮法玻璃原片,无需进行切裁,直接进行镀膜,极大地提高了镀膜线的生产效率,降低了镀膜设备的能源消耗。或者,在优质浮法玻璃上镀膜完成以后,进行切割剪裁,实现不同尺寸规格的浮法玻璃快速加工出货。
进一步,第一层打底介质层氮化硅层(SiNx)的厚度在5nm到12nm之间。氮化硅层结合在玻璃基片表面,形成牢固的结合结构,提供后续膜层结合的基础,确保Low-E玻璃产品的表面复合膜层结构整体结合强度高,不易剥落失效。
进一步,第二层氧化钛层(TiO2)的厚度范围在5nm到20nm之间。氧化钛层结构较为致密,结合在SiNx层上能够起到很好的连接作用。氧化钛层作为过渡,提供可靠的保护作用,一方面使得镍铬层具有良好的生长基础,另一方面氧化钛层提供致密保护,防止浮法玻璃基片侧的气体渗透破坏,起到良好的保护作用。
进一步,第三层保护层镍铬层(NiCr)的厚度在2nm到5nm之间。
进一步,第四层功能层银层(Ag)的厚度在6nm到14nm之间。
进一步,第五层金属保护层镍铬层(NiCr)的厚度在2nm到5nm之间。
本发明Low-E玻璃中第三层到第五层为功能层和其表面的保护层,实现良好的隔离红外线辐射热量的作用,起到最为主要的保温、节能作用,对于降低窗户能量流失具有重要意义。
进一步,第六层氧化锌层(ZnO)的厚度在5nm-20nm之间。采用氧化锌作为介质层设置在镍铬层和氮化硅层之间,充分利用氧化锌层的平薄特性提供高品质的保护,并且平薄的氧化锌层更容易控制表面溅射氮化硅层的平整性和结合牢固度。氧化锌层具有良好抗氧化保护作用,能够防止空气中氧气渗透破坏金属保护层和功能层,提升Low-E玻璃膜层的整体抗氧化稳定性。优选地,第六层氧化锌层是通过真空溅射得到的氧化锌层,氧化锌溅射层具有牺牲保护特性,能够更好的保护膜层(特别是功能层)的抗氧化稳定特性。
另外,第六层不宜采用与第二层相同的氧化钛层,氧化钛虽然溅射成型较为致密,但是平整性相对于氧化锌层更差,作为打底介质层SiNx结合过度到保护层NiCr层的中间层效果较好,但作为Low-E玻璃膜层的最终膜面却较为不利。
首先,二氧化钛膜层均匀性控制更难,需要更厚的膜层设置保证整体一致性,但这对于Low-E玻璃的玻面颜色控制非常不利。其次,二氧化钛膜层如果溅射厚度较薄,致密不够,可能有氧气穿透造成膜层氧化破坏。所以,第六层不采用和第二层一样的氧化钛层,而使用氧化锌层作为过渡,起到更好的保护作用。
进一步,第七层氮化硅层(SiNx)的厚度在25-55nm之间。氮化硅层结构致密,作为第七层可以形成非常致密的且坚硬的表面膜层,使得Low-E玻璃膜层整体结构致密性、稳定性、抗磨损性能达到最优水平。
进一步,第八层石墨保护层(C)的厚度范围在3nm-10nm之间。在本发明中石墨保护层作为临时保护层,石墨保护层可以保护Low-E玻璃在运输过程中的膜层结构整体稳定性,起到防摩擦损伤的效果。然后,在运输到达目的地以后,将Low-E玻璃进行钢化处理的时候,复合膜层表面的石墨保护层吸收空气中的氧气,转化为二氧化碳,为Low-E玻璃表面提供保护气氛,防止钢化过程中氧化破坏。最终钢化完成应用的时候,Low-E玻璃可以是不含有石墨保护层的Low-E玻璃产品。
打底层和玻璃原片结合力好,其上依次过渡氧化钛、保护层过渡到功能层银层,使得Low-E玻璃上膜层和玻璃原片结合力好,过渡自然,能够更好耐受高温环境而不被破坏剥落。在功能层之上,设置金属保护层镍铬层、氧化锌、氮化硅进行过渡,形成的膜层结合牢固且紧密,对于外部的空气接触部分耐受破坏性能突出,能够更好的保持整体稳定性,即使在钢化处理中也能够确保膜层的整体稳定性,不翘曲、剥落破坏。
通过优选上述各层膜层的厚度可以优化Low-E玻璃性能,使各层之间配合更加紧密,提高镀层的结合力,更为重要的是Low-E玻璃的质感优良,具有高级外观,增加建筑的外形独特美观。与现有技术方案相比,本发明材料和膜层厚度设置可实现室外反射低和调节外部颜色的效果,钢化后室外反射色a*在-3~+0.5之间,室外反射b*在-6~-4之间,与常规不可钢化单银颜色匹配,可用于建筑外墙的弯弧部分,这样可以提高建筑外观颜色的一致性。
同时,本发明Low-E玻璃钢化后,可见光透过率大于60%,遮阳系数小于0.5,光热比大于1.4。并且,Low-E玻璃膜层的顶层保护层增加石墨C,利用石墨良好的润滑特性,可以有效的避免产品在运输和加工过程中膜面产生的损伤,简化装运工艺,节约运输成本,提升产品竞争力。与之相比,现有可见光透过率大于60%的可钢化单银,其遮阳系数普遍都大于0.5,光热比小于1.4。
进一步,所述可钢化Low-E玻璃是先镀膜,然后裁切、磨边、钢化成型得到的可钢化Low-E玻璃。本发明Low-E玻璃可以根据产品订单需求,进行先镀膜再进行裁切,然后进行磨边钢化加工,提高生产效率和原片使用率,降低因排版带来的原材料损耗。这种根据订单需求进行排产的方式,大大提高了工程规模化生产的效率,降低单耗。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果:
1.将本发明可钢化Low-E玻璃制成中空玻璃,具有高透光率(>60%)和高红外线阻隔效率,遮阳系数小于0.5,光热比大于1.4,满足高品质低辐射阻隔性能,与现有大部分高透性单银可钢化产品相比,具有更低的遮阳系数,节能优势显著。
2.本发明Low-E玻璃膜层具有极高的稳定性,能够经受高温钢化处理,在镀膜玻璃进行钢化处理的过程中不被破坏;具有牢固的内部结合力,能够方便的进行各类机械切割、磨边加工处理,而不发生膜层脱落。
3.本发明Low-E玻璃表面膜层结构经过优化设计,膜层之间的相互配合关系紧密,相互促进作用显著,能够有效的做到玻面色泽高级富有质感,并且具有良好的牢固性,不易损坏,能够长期使用保持整体稳定可靠。
4.本发明Low-E玻璃产品采用浮法原片镀膜后,可以像普通浮法原片一样进行长距离运输,在异地进行裁切、磨边、钢化等生产加工。因此,对于偏远地区低辐射节能玻璃的应用,有着积极的推动作用,符合国家低碳环保政策的政策。
附图说明:
图1是本发明Low-E玻璃切面示意图。
图中标记:0-玻璃原片,1-第一层打底介质层氮化硅层、2-第二层氧化钛层、3-第三层保护层镍铬层、4-第四层功能层银层、5-第五层金属保护层镍铬层、6-第六层氧化锌层、7-第七层氮化硅层、8-第八层石墨保护层。
具体实施方式
下面结合试验例及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实施例,凡基于本发明内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
<实施例1>
可钢化Low-E玻璃,在玻璃原片上,依次镀制7.2nm氮化硅层、8.1nm氧化钛、2.9nm镍铬层、9.6nm银层、2.5nm镍铬层、11.8nm氧化锌层、35nm氮化硅层和5nm石墨层。依次排布上述镀膜层结构。
<实施例2-6>
可钢化Low-E玻璃,采用真空磁控溅射技术在优质浮法玻璃基片上依次镀制氮化硅层、氧化钛、镍铬层、银层、镍铬层、氧化锌层、氮化硅层和石墨层,各层的厚度控制如下表1所示。
表1可钢化Low-E玻璃膜层厚度控制
层数 | 材质 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 |
1 | SiNx | 7.2 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 9 |
2 | TiO2 | 8.1 | 20 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 14 |
3 | NiCr | 2.9 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
4 | Ag | 9.6 | 8 | 10 | 14 | 8 | 10 |
5 | NiCr | 2.5 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 |
6 | ZnO | 11.8 | 12 | 5 | 20 | 14 | 9 |
7 | SiNx | 35 | 32 | 55 | 40 | 35 | 36 |
8 | C | 5 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 7 |
<对比例1-5>
本对比例主要比较Low-E玻璃镀膜膜层的材质和厚度差异对于Low-E玻璃性质的影响作用,主要是对于第二层氧化钛层TiO2、第四层功能层银层Ag、第七层氮化硅层SiNx厚度的研究分析。本发明的Low-E玻璃要实现透过率、遮阳系数、透过比等多个方面的优化,各个膜层之间的相互配合尤为重要,特别是上述的第2、4、7层的厚度影响较为重大。
取实施例相同的普通优质浮法玻璃作为基片,利用真空磁控溅射技术依次在其上镀制氮化硅层、氧化钛、镍铬层、银层、镍铬层、氧化锌层、氮化硅层和石墨层,各层的厚度控制如下表2所示。
表2可钢化Low-E玻璃膜层厚度控制
<测试>
根据表1所示数据依次在优质浮法玻璃基片上采用真空磁控溅射技术镀制各种保护层、功能层等镀膜结构,所得到的Low-E玻璃产品的表面性能经过检验分析结果如下表3所示。
表3实施实例产品具体性能表,产品结构(6GM+12A+6):
项目 | 透过率/% | 遮阳系数 | 光热比 | R | L* | a* | b* |
实施例1 | 61.9 | 0.47 | 1.45 | 17.26 | 48.26 | -2.53 | -4.58 |
实施例2 | 62.3 | 0.47 | 1.40 | 16.20 | 47.23 | -2.55 | -4.85 |
实施例3 | 61.5 | 0.47 | 1.49 | 17.63 | 49.05 | -2.54 | -5.01 |
实施例4 | 60.1 | 0.46 | 1.46 | 17.90 | 49.37 | -2.95 | -4.95 |
实施例5 | 62.3 | 0.47 | 1.41 | 16.77 | 47.97 | -2.87 | -4.53 |
实施例6 | 61.4 | 0.46 | 1.50 | 16.91 | 48.15 | -2.53 | -4.55 |
对比例1 | 59.4 | 0.45 | 1.26 | 15.83 | 46.75 | -2.59 | -11.84 |
对比例2 | 43.8 | 0.32 | 1.39 | 31.7 | 63.1 | -2.56 | -3.57 |
对比例3 | 55.3 | 0.40 | 1.36 | 12.69 | 42.3 | -1.85 | -4.68 |
对比例4 | 38.2 | 0.28 | 1.49 | 27.18 | 59.14 | 6.36 | 24.75 |
对比例5 | 61.8 | 0.47 | 1.22 | 16.76 | 47.96 | -5.65 | -9.07 |
注:表格中R、L*、a*、b*均为室外反射色。
通过对比本发明实施例1-6和对比例1-5制备的Low-E玻璃的可见光透过率、遮阳系数以及选择系数,衡量各个实施例和对比例方案制备的Low-E玻璃品质表现。采用本发明方案的Low-E玻璃在适宜的范围内筛选各个膜层的厚度,能够保证Low-E玻璃的综合节能性能表现,符合设计要求,达到节能和高透过率的优势。所得到Low-E玻璃表面色泽为富有质感的青灰色表面,外观表现较为质感光泽态。
而对比例1中采用的第二层氧化钛层厚度较薄且功能层厚度不足,对于可见光、红外线的折射效果不足,难以配合其他各个膜层发挥充分的调节可见光透过、遮阳系数的优化,最终遮阳系数较差,虽然透光率高,但是选择性差,节能效果不佳。
对比例2中第二层氧化钛层厚度较薄,冉穗遮阳系数较高,但是可见光的折射透光率不佳,没有达到最优的效果。
对比例3-4中第七层氮化硅层厚度相对较薄,难以和相邻膜层形成有效的配合调色,一方面可见光透过率相对有所降低,同时遮阳系数也较高的情况下,选择性不高,且玻面颜色表现较差,较为暗淡。
对比例5中功能层银层厚度太薄,透过率高,但遮阳系数太低,且选择性差,无法满足Low-E玻璃高效节能的作用。
最后,对比分析实施例和对比例样品的可钢化性能,样品全部满足先镀膜后钢化处理的要求,检测分析钢化前后Low-E玻璃性能变化,对比例1-2样品钢化以后遮阳系数降低,钢化处理以后膜层的整体综合阻隔性能降低,对比例3-5样品钢化以后玻璃表面颜色发生偏差,影响产品观感、质感。
<对比例6>
本对比例主要制备一种Low-E玻璃产品,采用6mm优质浮法玻璃作为基片,在玻璃基片上由内到外依次真空溅射以下膜层:SiNx层7.5nm、TiO2层8nm、NiCr层3nm、Ag层10nm、NiCr层2.5nm、TiO2层12nm,SiNx层35nm、SiC层3nm。
本对比例和实施例1相类似的膜层结构,主要差异在于第六层采用氧化钛而非氧化锌,其次,最表面的第八层采用碳化硅层,而非石墨层。重点考察碳化硅层的表面独特的疏水特性。在加工过程中碳化硅加工成型较为困难,发明人尝试大量控制参数成功加工得到表面碳化硅层保护层,肉眼观察制备得到的表面为碳化硅的膜层,Low-E玻璃表面颜色偏深暗,L=43.3,a*=-2.2,b*=-2.9,和实施例制备的Low-E玻璃表面色泽相比,表面偏暗淡无光,缺乏质感,外观质感较差。而且核算加工成本远远高于石墨保护层的成本。测试碳化硅层的疏水特性,符合预期,纯净水、普通清水或雨水等在碳化硅层表面自动滚落,不保留在表面。
将对比例6制备的Low-E玻璃产品进行钢化处理,钢化以后,Low-E玻璃表面的膜层基本没有变化,表面颜色依然较深、较暗,质感不佳。将实施例1制备的Low-E玻璃和对比例6制备的Low-E玻璃进行比较,实施例1产品明显更具高级感,颜色、光泽等表现都非常优秀。另外,对比例6制备的第八层为碳化硅的Low-E玻璃产品在钢化过程中,碳化硅对于膜层的内部保护作用较差,不具有实施例1中石墨层的加热转化为二氧化碳以后的隔离氧气的保护作用。将对比例6制备的Low-E玻璃和实施例1的Low-E玻璃分别制成中空玻璃以后,比较两者的透光率,实施例1的Low-E玻璃不仅表面色泽表现具有优势,而且中空玻璃的透光率、辐射率、反射率和遮阳系数等也具有一定的优势。
Claims (10)
1.一种可钢化Low-E玻璃,包括玻璃原片以及在玻璃原片上依次镀制的第一层打底介质层氮化硅层、第二层氧化钛层、第三层保护层镍铬层、第四层功能层银层、第五层金属保护层镍铬层、第六层氧化锌层、第七层氮化硅层和第八层石墨保护层。
2.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,所述可钢化Low-E玻璃是采用真空磁控溅射方式制备而成。
3.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第一层打底介质层氮化硅层的厚度在5nm到12nm之间。
4.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第二层氧化钛层的厚度范围在5nm到20nm之间。
5.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第三层保护层镍铬层的厚度在2nm到5nm之间。
6.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第四层功能层银层的厚度在6nm到14nm之间。
7.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第五层金属保护层镍铬层的厚度在2nm到5nm之间。
8.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第六层氧化锌层的厚度在5nm-20nm之间。
9.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,第七层氮化硅层的厚度在25-55nm之间。
10.如权利要求1所述可钢化Low-E玻璃,其特征在于,钢化后室外反射色a*在-3~+0.5之间,室外反射b*在-6~-4之间。
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