CN108097733B - Extrusion-torsion composite processing die and method capable of realizing multidirectional shearing - Google Patents
Extrusion-torsion composite processing die and method capable of realizing multidirectional shearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108097733B CN108097733B CN201810060476.2A CN201810060476A CN108097733B CN 108097733 B CN108097733 B CN 108097733B CN 201810060476 A CN201810060476 A CN 201810060476A CN 108097733 B CN108097733 B CN 108097733B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/02—Cooling or heating of containers for metal to be extruded
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic processing, in particular to a torsion-extrusion composite processing die and method capable of realizing multidirectional shearing. The die is divided into a male die, a female die and a back pressure device, wherein the top of the male die is fixedly connected with a pressure head of a press, the bottom of the female die is fixedly connected with a lower die holder, the female die comprises a die core and a die holder, and a die cavity for processing blanks is arranged in the die core. According to the invention, through reasonable die design and combination of the extrusion and torsion process and the variable channel angle extrusion process, not only extrusion and torsion compound deformation can be realized, but also multidirectional shear deformation (circumferential shear and radial shear) can be realized, the purposes of improving material tissues and regulating texture are achieved by utilizing the cooperation of compression deformation and shear deformation, and simultaneously, a back pressure device is added to enable the material to be in a three-dimensional compressive stress state, the material deformation capacity is improved, and then the deformation of the low-plasticity difficult-to-process material is completed. The invention can realize the deformation processing of bars and sections, and the prepared material has fine grain or superfine grain structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic processing, in particular to a torsion-extrusion composite processing die and method capable of realizing multidirectional shearing.
Background
In recent years, large plastic forming techniques with shear strain have become a focus and focus of research. After the material is subjected to large plastic deformation, larger equivalent plastic strain can be accumulated, so that crystal grains of the material are thinned, and superfine crystals and even nanocrystalline can be achieved; meanwhile, the shear strain is beneficial to the accumulation of energy in the material, the texture distribution condition of the material can be improved, and the anisotropism of the material is obviously reduced. The usual large plastic deformation techniques are: equal channel angular Extrusion (Equal Channnel Angular Pressing, ECAP), high pressure torsion (High Pressure Torsion, HPT), reciprocating Extrusion (Cyclic Extrusion Compression, CEC), multi-Directional Forging, MDF), extrusion Shear (ES), and the like, but there are common disadvantages of multiple forming passes, relatively complex mold equipment, small sample size, and the like, and most of them are single Shear deformation or compression deformation, and large compression deformation and Shear deformation cannot be combined and accumulated at the same time.
In order to overcome the above drawbacks, patent publication No. CN103447341a proposes an equal channel extrusion die capable of realizing shear deformation by utilizing the change of the cross-sectional shape, but the method is only suitable for bar processing, and extrusion is smaller, so that a larger equivalent strain accumulation effect cannot be realized. Patent publication No. CN101966536a describes a torsional reciprocating extrusion device, extrusion deformation is realized through a compression region of a cavity, torsional deformation of a workpiece is realized through high-speed rotation of a punch, but larger plastic deformation is realized through multi-pass forming, high-speed rotation of the punch is more complex, and uncontrollable factors are more. Patent publication No. CN102430609a proposes an equal-channel variable-section extrusion die, which can realize shear deformation by utilizing torsion changes of sectional shape and angle, but the method cannot accumulate large plastic strain and needs multi-pass forming, and the process is complex. Patent publication number CN205732338U describes a continuous forward extrusion and extrusion twisting composite forming device which realizes extrusion twisting deformation through three-stage extrusion channels, but the device is only used for rectangular bar materials, and cannot realize the processing of round bar materials. Patent publication CN104475475a describes a torsion extrusion forming die which can realize extrusion and torsional deformation in a single pass through a cavity design, but the extrusion deformation and the torsional deformation are separately carried out, the torsion section is only twisted circumferentially, and the extrusion deformation is not present. Patent publication No. CN103551415a describes a metal variable cross-section extrusion-torsion forming apparatus and method that can achieve torsional deformation while extrusion deformation, but the torsional deformation is only circumferential shear deformation. Patent publication No. CN103785702A describes a vortex extrusion type large plastic deformation device, a deformation belt formed by a plurality of belt-shaped bulges or grooves is adopted, torsional shear deformation is realized by the assistance of the deformation belt, and extrusion torsional composite deformation is realized by the method, but the material utilization rate is lower. Patent publication No. CN201520075843 describes a variable-section spiral extrusion die, and through the design of a spiral channel, circumferential shearing deformation is generated when the material is extruded and deformed, and radial shearing deformation cannot be realized. The die design and the processing method can realize simultaneous accumulation of extrusion deformation and shearing deformation, but the shearing direction is mostly single type shearing (mostly circumferential shearing), and the cooperation of compression deformation and multidirectional shearing type cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a extrusion-torsion composite processing die and a method capable of realizing multidirectional shearing, the method and the die are suitable for processing metal sectional materials and bars, multidirectional and larger shearing strain can be introduced by combining an extrusion torsion die with a variable channel angle extrusion die, so that the texture and the performance of materials are improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multidirectional shearing comprises a male die, a female die and a back pressure device, wherein the top of the male die is fixedly connected with a pressing head of a press machine, the bottom of the female die is fixedly connected with a lower die holder, the female die comprises a die core and a die holder, and a die cavity for processing blanks is arranged in the die core; the back pressure device is arranged at the outlet end of the mold core cavity, and the blank is arranged in the mold core cavity.
The extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multi-direction shearing is characterized in that a die core cavity sequentially comprises a guide-in section, an extrusion-torsion circumferential shearing section, a shaping section and a variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section from top to bottom.
The extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multi-direction shearing is characterized in that circumferential shearing occurs while radial compression is realized by extruding, torsion and circumferential shearing sections, radial compression and shearing composite deformation are realized by a variable-channel extrusion section, and 3-4 equivalent plastic deformation and 1-2 shearing deformation accumulation are realized by single-channel deformation of materials.
The length of the leading-in section of the die core cavity is 80-100 mm, the length of the extruding torsion circumferential shearing section is 30-60 mm, the torsion angle is 0-90 degrees, the length of the shaping section is 40-60 mm, the included angle of the channel of the variable channel angle extruding radial shearing section is 90-150 degrees, and the back pressure applied by the back pressure device is 0-150 MPa.
The extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multi-direction shearing is characterized in that the outlet end of the die core cavity is used as a back pressure device to apply back pressure through the ejector rod, so that the hydrostatic pressure of the material is increased, and the deformability of the workpiece material is improved.
The die seat and the die core of the female die are divided into a left side and a right side which are symmetrical, so that a sample is conveniently taken out after processing.
A squeezing and twisting composite processing method for realizing multi-directional shearing comprises the following specific steps:
(1) The design of a multi-directional shearing extrusion-torsion composite die, and main deformation parameters of a key extrusion-torsion circumferential shearing section and a variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section of the die are determined according to material preparation and processing requirements;
(2) The overall die is designed, and the overall dimension of the die mainly comprises the height, the length and the width of the die;
(3) Selecting whether back pressure is added or not and the size of the added back pressure according to the requirement, and simultaneously determining the extrusion speed of the male die;
(4) And (3) utilizing the assembled die in the step (3), selecting a press machine to carry out die assembly, and carrying out multidirectional shearing, extrusion and torsional deformation processing on the blank.
In the extrusion-torsion composite processing method capable of realizing multi-directional shearing, in the step (4), firstly, lubricant is uniformly coated on the inner wall of a cavity, a blank is put into an introduction section, a male die pushes the blank into the introduction section for processing, and along with the pressing of the male die, the blank sequentially passes through an extrusion section, an extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section, a shaping section and a variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section, and finally, the processing is completed.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:
(1) According to the invention, through the die design, the extrusion torsion die and the variable channel angle extrusion die are combined, so that the composite stress state of compression deformation and shear deformation can be conveniently realized in a deformation area at the same time, and the multi-directional shear strain accumulation can be realized.
(2) According to the invention, through the design of the deformation section mould, single-pass large plastic deformation and large shear deformation accumulation can be realized.
(3) According to the invention, by adding the back pressure device, the hydrostatic pressure applied to the material in the processing process is improved, and the processing and forming of the low-plasticity material can be realized.
(4) The invention can be applied to processing bars and sectional materials, and has convenient operation and higher efficiency.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 (a) is a schematic diagram of a multi-directional shearing and extrusion twisting composite die, fig. 1 (b) is a schematic diagram of a die core cavity in fig. 1 (a), a leading-in section 1, an extrusion section 2, an extrusion twisting circumferential shearing section 3, a shaping section 4, a radial shearing section 5 with a variable channel angle extrusion, a male die 6, a die core 7, a die holder 8, a heating hole 9, a temperature measuring hole 10 and a back pressure ejector rod 11.
Fig. 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of a multi-directional shearing and extrusion twisting composite die, and fig. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of a die core cavity in fig. 2 (a), a leading-in section 1, an extrusion section 2, an extrusion twisting circumferential shearing section 3, a shaping section 4, a radial shearing section 5 with a variable channel angle extrusion, a male die 6, a die core 7, a die holder 8, a heating hole 9, a temperature measuring hole 10 and a back pressure ejector rod 11.
Fig. 3 (a) -3 (i) are schematic cross-sectional views of bar processing molds. Wherein fig. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a mold core, fig. 3 (B) is a dimensional view of each portion of a mold core cavity of fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (C) is a cross-sectional view of A-A of fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (D) is a cross-sectional view of B-B of fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (E) is a cross-sectional view of C-C of fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (F) is a cross-sectional view of D-D of fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (g) is a cross-sectional view of E-E of fig. 3 (a), fig. 3 (h) is a cross-sectional view of F-F of fig. 3 (a), and fig. 3 (i) is a longitudinal cross-sectional shape change of E-section to F-F section of fig. 3 (a).
Fig. 4 (a) -4 (i) are schematic cross-sectional views of profile processing dies. Wherein fig. 4 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a mold core, fig. 4 (B) is a dimensional view of each portion of a mold core cavity of fig. 4 (a), fig. 4 (C) is a cross-sectional view of A-A of fig. 4 (a), fig. 4 (D) is a cross-sectional view of B-B of fig. 4 (a), fig. 4 (E) is a cross-sectional view of C-C of fig. 4 (a), fig. 4 (F) is a cross-sectional view of D-D of fig. 4 (a), fig. 4 (g) is a cross-sectional view of E-E of fig. 4 (a), fig. 4 (h) is a cross-sectional view of F-F of fig. 4 (a), and fig. 4 (i) is a longitudinal cross-sectional shape change of E-section to F-F section of fig. 4 (a).
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in a specific implementation process, the extrusion-torsion composite processing method capable of realizing multi-directional shearing comprises the following steps:
(1) The design of a deformation section mould, and main deformation parameters of a key deformation section of the mould are determined according to material preparation and processing requirements, wherein the key deformation parameters mainly comprise the initial cross-section size and shape, the final cross-section size and shape, the extrusion torsion circumferential shear section distance, the torsion angle and the channel included angle of the extrusion radial shear section with variable channel angle, and the final cross-section size and shape of the extrusion torsion circumferential shear section;
(2) The overall die design, the overall dimension design of the die (mainly comprising the height, length and width design of the die);
(3) Selecting whether back pressure is added or not and the size of the added back pressure according to the requirement, and selecting a proper press machine for die assembly to the dies which are designed in the step (1) and the step (2);
(4) And (3) performing extrusion torsional deformation processing on the blank by using the die assembled in the step (3), firstly uniformly smearing high-temperature lubricant on the inner wall of the cavity, putting the blank into the introduction section, heating the blank by using a heating rod, and preserving heat for a period of time after the blank is heated to a required temperature, so that the internal temperature of the blank is uniform, pushing the blank into the introduction section by using a male die to process, and sequentially passing through the extrusion section, the extrusion torsional circumferential shearing section, the shaping section and the channel angle-changing extrusion radial shearing section along with the pressing of the male die to finally finish the processing.
As shown in fig. 1 (a) and fig. 2 (a), the extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multi-directional shearing is divided into a male die 6, a female die and a back pressure device, wherein the top of the male die 6 is fixedly connected with a pressure head of a press, the bottom of the female die is fixedly connected with a lower die holder, the female die comprises a die core 7 and a die holder 8, a die cavity for processing a blank is arranged in the die core 7, a temperature measuring hole 10 is formed in the die core 7, a thermocouple is arranged in the temperature measuring hole 10, and the temperature of a sample in the processing process is measured and controlled; the die core 7 is arranged in the die holder 8, a heating hole 9 is drilled on the die holder 8, and a resistance heating rod is arranged in the heating hole 9 to heat and preserve heat of a sample; the back pressure device (back pressure ejector rod 11) is arranged at the outlet end of the mold core cavity, and the blank is arranged in the mold core cavity.
The die core cavity sequentially comprises a guide-in section 1, an extrusion section 2, an extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section 3, a shaping section 4 and a variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section 5 from top to bottom, wherein the connection between each section is smooth and transitional. When radial compression is realized by extruding and twisting the circumferential shearing section, circumferential shearing and radial shearing deformation occur, the material is deformed by a single pass, and larger equivalent plastic deformation and shearing deformation are accumulated, the equivalent plastic deformation is generally 3-4, and the shearing deformation is generally 1-2. The length of the leading-in section of the die core cavity is 80-100 mm, the length of the extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section is 30-60 mm, the torsion angle is 0-90 degrees, the length of the shaping section is 40-60 mm, the included angle of the channel of the variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section is 90-150 degrees, and the back pressure applied by the back pressure device is 0-150 MPa. The outlet end of the mold core cavity is used as a back pressure device to apply back pressure through the ejector rod, so that the hydrostatic pressure of the material is increased, and the formability of the workpiece material is improved. The die holder and the die core of the female die are divided into a left side and a right side which are symmetrical, so that a sample can be conveniently taken out after processing.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings.
Example 1:
the invention is not only suitable for bar processing, but also suitable for profile processing. In this example, the bar processing is taken as an example, and the mold design and the material processing are described.
As shown in fig. 1 (b) and fig. 3 (a) -3 (i), the mold core cavity comprises a circular introducing section 1, a circular-elliptical extrusion section 2, an elliptical-elliptical extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section 3, an elliptical-circular shaping section 4, a circular-circular variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section 5, wherein: referring to FIG. 3 (c), a circleThe cross section of the cavity of the shape leading-in section 1 is circular, the diameter of the circular shape is D, and the length of the leading-in section is L 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 3 (D), the cross section of the cavity of the circular-elliptical extrusion section 2 is respectively a transition from circular to elliptical, the circular diameter is D in the initial position, the long-short axial ratio of the ellipse is m in the final position, and the length of the torsion section is L 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 3 (e), the cross section of the cavity of the elliptical-elliptical extrusion torsion circumferential shear section 3 is an elliptical-to-elliptical transition, the major-minor axis ratio of the ellipse at the initial position is a, the major-minor axis ratio of the ellipse at the final position is a, and the torsion angle isLength of torsion circumferential shear section is L 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 3 (f), the cross section of the cavity of the oval-to-round shaping section 4 is in an oval-to-round transition, the major-minor axis ratio of the oval in the initial position is a, and the round diameter in the final position is d 1 The length of the shaping section is L 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 3 (f) -3 (i), the cavity cross section of the round-round variable channel angular extrusion radial shear section 5 has a round-to-round transition, and the initial cross section has a round diameter d 1 Final cross-sectional circular diameter d 2 The included angle of the channel is->
In this embodiment, the specific operation steps are as follows:
step 1: and (5) designing mould parameters.
In this embodiment, the main parameters are designed as follows: the bar has a diameter of 30mm and a length not exceeding the length L of the circular lead-in section 1 1 =80 mm; length L of round-oval extrusion section 2 2 10mm, where the initial end circular diameter d=30 mm, the final end elliptical major axis: short axis = 25mm:20mm, the extruded section reducing the diameter of the material in preparation for extruding the twisted section; length L of oval-oval extrusion torsion circumferential shear section 3 3 =40 mm, where the initial elliptical major axis: short axis = 25mm:20mm, end oval major axis: short axis = 15mm:12mm, the included angle of the major axes of the two ellipses is 90 degrees; length L of oval-round section 4 4 ＝10mm，Wherein the initial end ellipse major axis: short axis = 15mm:12mm final end circular diameter d 1 =15 mm; the cross section of the cavity of the circular-circular variable channel angular extrusion radial shearing section 5 is in a transition from circular to circular, and the circular diameter of the initial cross section is d 1 =15 mm, final circular cross-section diameter d 2 =10mm, channel angle of
Step 2: and (3) designing an integral die, and designing the overall dimension of the die (mainly comprising the design of the height, the length and the width of the die).
Step 3: the back pressure is selected according to the requirement, wherein the back pressure is 100MPa, and the purpose of the back pressure is to realize a stronger three-dimensional compressive stress state and improve the forming capability of the material; selecting a proper press for die assembly, which comprises: tonnage of the press, size of the workbench and stroke of the press;
step 4: and (3) putting the assembled die on a press machine for processing, wherein the bar enters each stage of a die cavity of the female die under the pushing of the male die, and finally the finished product size is formed, and the pressing rate and the pressing temperature should be controlled in the step.
Example 2:
the invention is not only suitable for bar processing, but also suitable for profile processing. In this embodiment, the mold design and the material processing are described by taking the processing of the profile as an example.
As shown in fig. 1 (b) and fig. 4 (a) -4 (i), the mold core cavity comprises a square introducing section 1, a square-rectangular extruding section 2, a rectangular-rectangular extruding torsion circumferential shearing section 3, a rectangular-square shaping section 4 and a rectangular-rectangular channel angle extruding radial shearing section 5, wherein: referring to FIG. 4 (c), the square-shaped lead-in section 1 has a square cavity cross section with a square side length of l 1 The length of the leading-in section is L 5 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 4 (d), the cross sections of the cavities of the square-rectangular extrusion sections 2 are respectively square-rectangular transitions, and the square side length is l in the initial position 1 The length side ratio of the rectangle at the termination position is n, and the length of the torsion section is L 6 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 4 (e), rectangular-rectangular extrusion torsion circumferential shear section 3 has a cavity crossThe section is rectangular to rectangular transition, the length-to-side ratio of the rectangle at the initial position is a, the length-to-side ratio of the rectangle at the final position is a, and the torsion angle isLength of torsion circumferential shear section is L 7 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 4 (f), the cross section of the cavity of the rectangular-to-square shaping section 4 is a rectangular-to-square transition, the rectangle length-to-length side ratio of the initial position is a, and the square side length of the final position is l 2 The length of the shaping section is L 8 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Referring to fig. 4 (g) -4 (i), the cross section of the cavity of the square-square variable channel angular extrusion radial shear section 5 is in a transition from square to square, and the side length of the square at the initial position is l 2 The side length of the final position square is l 3 The included angle of the channel is->
In this embodiment, the specific operation steps are as follows:
step 1: and (5) designing mould parameters. The main parameters in this embodiment are designed as follows: the dimension of the section bar is the side length l 1 =30mm, the length cannot exceed the length L of the square lead-in section 1 5 =80 mm; length L of square-rectangular extruded section 2 6 =10mm, wherein the initial end square side length is 30mm, the final end rectangular long side: short side = 25mm:20mm, the extruded section reducing the size of the material in preparation for extruding the twisted section; length L of rectangular-rectangular extrusion torsion circumferential shear section 3 7 =40 mm, with a rectangular long side at the beginning: short side = 25mm:20mm, the long side of the final rectangle: short side = 15mm:12mm, included angle of long axes of two rectangles90 °; length L of rectangular-square shaped segment 4 8 =10mm, where the initial end rectangle long side: short side = 15mm:12mm, end length l 2 =15 mm; the cross section of the die cavity of the square-square variable channel angle extrusion radial shear section 5 is in square-to-square transition, and the side length of the square at the initial position is l 2 =15 mm, edge length of final position square is l 3 =10 mm, torsion angle +.>
Step 2: and (3) designing an integral die, and designing the overall dimension of the die (mainly comprising the design of the height, the length and the width of the die).
Step 3: the back pressure is selected according to the requirement, wherein the back pressure is 100MPa, and the purpose of the back pressure is to realize a stronger three-dimensional compressive stress state and improve the forming capability of the material; selecting a suitable press, including: tonnage of the press, size of the workbench and stroke of the press;
step 4: and (3) placing the assembled die on compressive stress for processing, wherein the profile enters each stage of a die cavity of the female die under the pushing of the male die, and finally the finished product size is formed, wherein the pressing rate and the pressing temperature are controlled in the step.
The embodiment results show that the combination of the extrusion twisting process and the variable channel angle extrusion process can realize extrusion and torsion composite deformation and multi-directional shear deformation (circumferential shear and radial shear), the aim of improving the material structure and regulating the texture is fulfilled by utilizing the cooperation of compression deformation and shear deformation, and simultaneously, a back pressure device (back pressure ejector rod) is added to enable the material to be in a three-way compressive stress state, the material deformation capacity is improved, and then the deformation of the low-plasticity difficult-to-process material is finished. The invention can realize the deformation processing of bars and sections, and the prepared material has fine grain or superfine grain structure.
Claims (5)
1. The extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multidirectional shearing is characterized by comprising a male die, a female die and a back pressure device, wherein the top of the male die is fixedly connected with a pressure head of a press, the bottom of the female die is fixedly connected with a lower die holder, the female die comprises a die core and a die holder, and a die cavity for processing blanks is arranged in the die core; the back pressure device is arranged at the outlet end of the mold core cavity, and the blank is arranged in the mold core cavity;
the die core cavity is sequentially provided with a guide-in section, an extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section, a shaping section and a variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section from top to bottom;
the radial compression and shearing composite deformation is realized by extruding the torsion circumferential shearing section and extruding the radial shearing section at a variable channel angle, and the equivalent plastic deformation of 3-4 and the shearing deformation accumulation of 1-2 are realized by single-channel deformation of the material;
the length of the leading-in section of the mold core cavity is 80-100 mm, the length of the extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section is 30-60 mm, the torsion angle is 0< 90 degrees or less, the length of the shaping section is 40-60 mm, the included angle of the channel of the variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section is 90-150 degrees, and the back pressure applied by the back pressure device is 0< 150MPa or less.
2. The extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multi-directional shearing according to claim 1, wherein the outlet end of the die core cavity is used as a back pressure device to apply back pressure through a push rod, so that the hydrostatic pressure of the material is increased, and the deformability of the workpiece material is improved.
3. The extrusion-torsion composite processing die capable of realizing multidirectional shearing according to claim 1, wherein a die seat and a die core of the female die are divided into a left side and a right side which are symmetrical, so that a processed sample is conveniently taken out.
4. A method for extrusion-torsion composite processing capable of realizing multidirectional shearing by using the processing die according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) The design of a multi-directional shearing extrusion-torsion composite processing die, and the main deformation parameters of a key extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section and a variable channel angle extrusion radial shearing section of the die are determined according to material preparation and processing requirements;
(2) The overall die is designed, and the overall dimension of the die mainly comprises the height, the length and the width of the die;
(3) The moulds designed in the step (1) and the step (2) are selected to be added with the back pressure according to the requirement, and meanwhile, the extrusion speed of the male mould is determined;
(4) And (3) utilizing the assembled die in the step (3), selecting a press machine to carry out die assembly, and carrying out extrusion-torsion combined processing of multidirectional shearing of the blank.
5. The extrusion-torsion combined machining method capable of achieving multi-directional shearing according to claim 4, wherein in the step (4), firstly, lubricant is uniformly coated on the inner wall of a cavity, a blank is placed into an introduction section, a male die pushes the blank into the introduction section for machining, and the blank sequentially passes through an extrusion section, an extrusion torsion circumferential shearing section, a shaping section and a channel angle extrusion radial shearing section along with the pressing of the male die, so that machining is finally completed.
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| CN109675948A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-26 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of high-strength high-toughness magnesium alloy variable conduit squeezes and Rolling compund molding machine and method |
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