CN108096555A - 一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方及其制剂 - Google Patents

一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方及其制剂 Download PDF

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CN108096555A
CN108096555A CN201810038044.1A CN201810038044A CN108096555A CN 108096555 A CN108096555 A CN 108096555A CN 201810038044 A CN201810038044 A CN 201810038044A CN 108096555 A CN108096555 A CN 108096555A
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hyperemesis
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吴宝剑
喻芳君
张天鹏
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Jinan University
University of Jinan
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方及其制剂。该中药组方包括以下按重量份数计的组分：人参10～30份，当归20～50份，炒苏子10～40份，炒白术10～40份，茯苓1～10份，熟地20～50份，酒炒白芍10～30份，麦冬10～30份，生姜1～10份，半夏1～8份，陈皮3～10份，炒砂仁2～10份，炒神曲1～8份，薄荷3～10份，黄芩3～10份，炒香附5～15份。本发明中诸药合用可疏肝降逆，和胃健脾，益气补肾，可止妊娠恶阻呕吐，且该组方疗效确切，没有毒副作用。

Description

一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方及其制剂
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药领域，特别涉及一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方及其制剂。
背景技术
早孕反应是妊娠早期出现的不同程度的恶心、呕吐、全身不适的症候群，其中恶心、呕吐是最主要的表现，大约50％～90％的初产妇会出现恶心、呕吐的症状。因为各自不同的生理原因，妇女妊娠期早孕反应程度存在明显的个体差异。具体表现有恶心呕吐，思酸口渴，食欲不振，食后即吐，或早晚呕吐等不同程度。若妊娠妇女常剧烈呕吐，影响进食，将直接影响到孕妇的身心健康及胎儿的发育。另外，长时期剧烈呕吐、进食少，可伴发维生素缺乏，特别是维生素B的严重缺乏，从而导致糖代谢不能顺利进行，血清丙酮酸水平上升，脑组织供能受限，从而出现一系列神经、精神症状。目前，临床还无较为有效方法进行治疗，较为常见的处理方法为采用静脉滴注的方法补充营养物质。但不能从根本解决不能进食的问题。
中医认为，本症病机为肝气上逆、脾虚痰涎内滞、气血郁滞、肾不纳气、胃气无所归。以上诸病机引发胃气反逆其上，致食水不能入腑，入则反胃呕吐。综合起来说，妊娠恶阻呕吐多为肝与肺肾虚脾胃不和所致。由于此证标为脾胃失和，气滞痰涎淤阻中焦，胃气反逆而至呕吐，因此当以治标为主。但又因致病根源在肝肾，所以用药时以补肾益气化痰祛湿行水为君。综合起来就是要疏肝化滞，补肾益气为主，降胃顺气。因此，提供一种能有效治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方具有重要现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的首要目的在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足，提供一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方，包括以下按重量份数计的组分：人参10～30份，当归20～50份，炒苏子10～40份，炒白术10～40份，茯苓1～10份，熟地20～50份，酒炒白芍10～30份，麦冬10～30份，生姜1～10份，半夏1～8份，陈皮3～10份，炒砂仁2～10份，炒神曲1～8份，薄荷3～10份，黄芩3～10份，炒香附5～15份。
所述的用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方优选为包括以下按重量份数计的组分：人参15～30份，当归20～30份，炒苏子10～25份，炒白术15～25份，茯苓9～10份，熟地35～40份，酒炒白芍25份，麦冬10～20份，生姜3～8份，半夏3份，陈皮5～10份，炒砂仁5～8份，炒神曲5～8份，薄荷3～5份，黄芩3～5份，炒香附5～10份。
所述的用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方在制备用于治疗孕期呕吐的药物中的应用。
所述的药物可采用本领域的常规方法制成各种剂型，包括汤剂、片剂、胶囊剂、针剂、粉针剂、颗粒剂、冲剂、口服液和糖浆剂，或者采用微纳米技术制成的片剂、胶囊剂、针剂、粉针剂或颗粒剂。
一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂，通过如下方法制备得到：
(1)按上述中药组方的配比进行备料；
(2)将炒苏子和炒砂仁分别研碎，然后将研碎的炒苏子和炒砂仁与人参，当归，炒白术，茯苓，熟地，酒炒白芍，麦冬，生姜，半夏，陈皮，炒神曲，薄荷，黄芩，炒香附加水煎煮，得到用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂。
步骤(2)中所述的煎煮优选为先武火煮沸后转文火煎煮30～40分钟。
所述的用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方在制备用于治疗孕期呕吐的保健品或食品中的应用。
人参、当归、白术、茯苓和熟地为君，意在补益气血脾胃肝肾，使气血双生，脏腑同补。君药意在肝脾肾同补，气血双生，使肾纳气胃气有所归；血旺则胎安，肝肾顺和不乘侮脾胃，脾胃之气升降和利不会出现呕恶烦渴。苏子、生姜、半夏、陈皮、香附为臣，主降和胃气，化湿祛痰。脾胃和睦，不生湿化痰，痰邪祛则不阻水道，脾不生湿，胃能降浊。白芍、麦冬、黄芩、薄荷为佐，疏肝、柔肝、平肝、收敛，滋阴降火。使肝木不燥，能柔和疏泄不乘克脾胃，使胃气疏畅，不上逆反呕。砂仁、神曲为使，能引药入胃，且能助消化饮食，能使胃受纳五谷。诸药合用可疏肝降逆，和胃健脾，益气补肾，可止妊娠恶阻呕吐。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果：
1、本发明综合多年临床治疗经验，得出一种治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的组方，此组方中人参、当归、白术、茯苓和熟地为君，补益气血脾胃肝肾，气血双生，脏腑同补；苏子、生姜、半夏、陈皮、香附为臣，降和胃气，化湿祛痰；白芍、麦冬、黄芩、薄荷为佐，疏肝、柔肝、平肝；砂仁、神曲为使，能引药入胃，有助消化。
2、本发明中诸药合用可疏肝降逆，和胃健脾，益气补肾，可止妊娠恶阻呕吐。该组方疗效确切，且没有毒副作用。
3、本发明从中医辩证角度说明各组分之间的君臣佐使之位，丰富完善中医中药理论体系。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
人参30克，当归20克，苏子(炒研碎)10克，白术(炒)15克，茯苓9克，熟地35克，白芍(酒炒)25克，麦冬10克，生姜8克，半夏3克，陈皮5克，砂仁(炒研碎)5克，神曲(炒)5克，薄荷3克，黄芩3克，香附(炒)10克。具体制备过程为：
将炒苏子和炒砂仁分别研碎，然后将研碎的炒苏子和炒砂仁与人参，当归，炒白术，茯苓，熟地，酒炒白芍，麦冬，生姜，半夏，陈皮，炒神曲，薄荷，黄芩，炒香附加水煎煮，先武火煮沸后转文火煎煮30～40分钟，得到用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂。
崔某，女，32岁，怀孕40天时开始呕恶酸水，烦躁易怒，失眠，50天时几乎不能进食，现怀孕73天，几乎无法入睡，呕恶严重，食后即吐，曾输液治疗七天，只有一天好转，然后又开始呕吐，现在口干舌燥却不能喝水，只要喝了水就会吐出来。查体：面色萎黄，口唇发白，舌苔薄白，脉象滑数，尺脉沉细无力。胃脘及腹胀满，按之稍软，已经4天没有大便(考虑到是没有进食的原因)，小便赤黄。辨证：肝肾阴虚，肝气不疏，气血不足，脾胃失和，胃气反逆。
采用本组方“人参30克，当归20克，苏子(炒研碎)10克，白术(炒)15克，茯苓9克，熟地35克，白芍(酒炒)25克，麦冬10克，生姜8克，半夏3克，陈皮5克，砂仁(炒研碎)5克，神曲(炒)5克，薄荷3克，黄芩3克，香附(炒)10克。水煎后服用，每日一剂”。考虑到患者病情日久，食水难进，建议患者以最少量慢慢咽服，即使会吐出药液，也要在吐出后继续慢服，争取每日服一剂。
三日后患者来诊，由于刚开始一服即吐，后来逐渐能存留一阵，因此第一副药服用了三日才服完，遂来复诊。今呕吐已止，就是感觉胃脘胀满，不敢多食，而且还排便一次，身体还是无力，除此之外没有别的症状了。既然病情减轻，随建议将原三日药物服完，嘱咐患者多次饮服，不可大口急服。第六天患者来复诊，一切恢复正常，无其他不适。
实施例2
人参15克，当归30克，苏子(炒研碎)25克，白术(炒)25克，茯苓10克，熟地40克，白芍(酒炒)25克，麦冬20克，生姜3克，半夏3克，陈皮10克，砂仁(炒研碎)8克，神曲(炒)8克，薄荷5克，黄芩5克，香附(炒)5克。具体制备过程为：
将炒苏子和炒砂仁分别研碎，然后将研碎的炒苏子和炒砂仁与人参，当归，炒白术，茯苓，熟地，酒炒白芍，麦冬，生姜，半夏，陈皮，炒神曲，薄荷，黄芩，炒香附加水煎煮，先武火煮沸后转文火煎煮30～40分钟，得到用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂。
记录15例孕早期有妊娠剧烈呕吐来诊的患者，平均年龄(26.8±3.1)岁，发生剧烈呕吐的平均孕龄为孕10周，孕6周前无1例发生剧烈呕吐。服用本发明组方药物：人参15克，当归30克，苏子(炒研碎)25克，白术(炒)25克，茯苓10克，熟地40克，白芍(酒炒)25克，麦冬20克，生姜3克，半夏3克，陈皮10克，砂仁(炒研碎)8克，神曲(炒)8克，薄荷5克，黄芩5克，香附(炒)5克。水煎后服用，每日一剂。三日为一个疗程。除2例患者未再来复诊，无法判断其有效性以外，另外13例患者均在服用一天或三天后止吐。总有效率大于86.7％(见表1)。
表1 孕期剧烈呕吐服药后总止吐率
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方，其特征在于，包括以下按重量份数计的组分：人参10～30份，当归20～50份，炒苏子10～40份，炒白术10～40份，茯苓1～10份，熟地20～50份，酒炒白芍10～30份，麦冬10～30份，生姜1～10份，半夏1～8份，陈皮3～10份，炒砂仁2～10份，炒神曲1～8份，薄荷3～10份，黄芩3～10份，炒香附5～15份。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药组方，其特征在于，包括以下按重量份数计的组分：人参15～30份，当归20～30份，炒苏子10～25份，炒白术15～25份，茯苓9～10份，熟地35～40份，酒炒白芍25份，麦冬10～20份，生姜3～8份，半夏3份，陈皮5～10份，炒砂仁5～8份，炒神曲5～8份，薄荷3～5份，黄芩3～5份，炒香附5～10份。
3.权利要求书1或2所述的中药组方在制备用于治疗孕期呕吐的药物中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用，其特征在于：所述的药物的剂型为汤剂、片剂、胶囊剂、针剂、粉针剂、颗粒剂、冲剂、口服液或糖浆剂。
5.一种用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂，其特征在于，通过如下方法制备得到：
(1)按权利要求书1或2所述的中药组方的配比进行备料；
(2)将炒苏子和炒砂仁分别研碎，然后将研碎的炒苏子和炒砂仁与人参，当归，炒白术，茯苓，熟地，酒炒白芍，麦冬，生姜，半夏，陈皮，炒神曲，薄荷，黄芩，炒香附加水煎煮，得到用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于治疗孕期剧烈呕吐的中药制剂，其特征在于：
步骤(2)中所述的煎煮为先武火煮沸后转文火煎煮30～40分钟。
7.权利要求书1或2所述的中药组方在制备用于治疗孕期呕吐的保健品或食品中的应用。
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